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Super Critical Fluid Technology
forParticle Engineering
Dr. Dhaivat C. Parikh
Asst. Professor, Dept. of Pharmaceutics
Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University
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Super Critical Fluid
SCF - Wikipedia
A supercritical fluid (SCF) is any substance at atemperature and pressure above its criticalpoint, where distinct liquid and gas phases donot exist.
It can effuse through solids like a gas, and dissolve materialslike a liquid. In addition, close to the critical point, smallchanges in pressure or temperature result in large changes indensity, allowing many properties of a supercritical fluid tobe "fine-tuned".
Super Critical Fluid
Publications
Solvents for SCF with Properties
Why CO2 as SCF
RESS
Rapid Expansion of SCF Solution
Material is Solubilized in SCF & then Sprayed
RESS (SCF Nucleation Process)
RESS – SC (Solid Co-solvent)
Solid Co-solvent like Menthol is Mixed with SCF
Prevent Agglomeration
Later on, Remove Menthol Crystals by Vacuum Drying
PGSS
Particles from Gas Saturated Solution/Suspension
CPCSP (Modified PGSS)
Continuous Powder Coating Spraying Process
GAS & SAS
Gas Anti-Solvent & SCF Anti Solvent
SCF act as Anti-Solvent
Material has Poor Solubility in SCF
SCF enters in Solution of Material
GAS & SAS
Either SCF enters in Solution
Or SCF & Solution are Sprayed together
ASES
Aerosol Solvent Extraction System
Similar to GAS / SAS
The dissolution of the SCF into the liquid droplets with large volume expansion
Reduction in the liquid solvent power, causing a sharp rise in the supersaturation within the liquid mixture
Formation of small and uniform particles.
SEDS
Solution Enhanced Dispersion by SCF
Three Feeds Organic Solvent
Aqueous Solvent SCF
The basic principle is based ondispersing an aqueous solution, which contains the biomaterials, with SCF and a polar organic solvent in a three-channeled coaxial nozzle.
SCF is used to extract the aqueousphase from the product.
The organic solvent acts both asprecipitating agent and as modifier, enabling the non-polar CO2 to remove the water.
CPF
Concentrated Powder Form
Other Advancements
CAN BD - Carbon dioxide Assisted Nebulization with a Bubble Dryer
UNICARB
PLUSS
SFT-CD
VAMP
PCA – Particles by Compressed Anti-Solvent
RESOLV
RESAS
DELOS - Depressurization of an expanded liquid organic solution
ASAIS - Atomization of supercritical antisolvent induced suspension
Summary
Session Openfor
Discussion