SURVIAC is a U.S. Department of Defense Information Analysis Center (IAC) sponsored by the Defense Information Systems Agency (DISA), Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC).

S u r v i v a b i l i t y / V u l n e r a b i l i t y I n f o r m a t i o n A n a l y s i s C e n t e r

Cleared for Public Release - Distribution Unlimited

Prof. Robert Ball

Winter 00 Volume XVI Issue 2

Don Voyls Tom Wasmund Mike Weisenbach Robert Wojciechowski, Jr.

Martin Lentz Randyll Levine LeAnne McKay Robert Meyer Michael Miles

Andrew Pascal Don Sedor Larry Taranto John Tatum Ernest Timmie

Kevin Crosthwaite Ron Dexter Capt. Jonathan Fitton Linda Hamilton LtCol Julie Jacobson

Steve Ames Gerald Bennett Michael Bennett LCDR R. Douglas Buchy Mark Butkiewicz

SSUURRVVIIAACCSSuurrvviivvaabbiilliittyy

AAnnaallyyssiissWWoorrkksshhoopp

22000000

TheExperts

Report Documentation Page Form ApprovedOMB No. 0704-0188

Public reporting burden for the collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering andmaintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information,including suggestions for reducing this burden, to Washington Headquarters Services, Directorate for Information Operations and Reports, 1215 Jefferson Davis Highway, Suite 1204, ArlingtonVA 22202-4302. Respondents should be aware that notwithstanding any other provision of law, no person shall be subject to a penalty for failing to comply with a collection of information if itdoes not display a currently valid OMB control number.

1. REPORT DATE 2000 2. REPORT TYPE

3. DATES COVERED 00-00-2000 to 00-00-2000

4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE SURVIAC Bulletin: SURVIAC Survivability Analysis Workshop 2000,Volume 16 Issue 2, Winter 00

5a. CONTRACT NUMBER

5b. GRANT NUMBER

5c. PROGRAM ELEMENT NUMBER

6. AUTHOR(S) 5d. PROJECT NUMBER

5e. TASK NUMBER

5f. WORK UNIT NUMBER

7. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) JAS Program Office,200 12th Street South,Crystal Gateway #4, Suite 1103,Arlington,VA,22202

8. PERFORMING ORGANIZATIONREPORT NUMBER

9. SPONSORING/MONITORING AGENCY NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) 10. SPONSOR/MONITOR’S ACRONYM(S)

11. SPONSOR/MONITOR’S REPORT NUMBER(S)

12. DISTRIBUTION/AVAILABILITY STATEMENT Approved for public release; distribution unlimited

13. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES

14. ABSTRACT

15. SUBJECT TERMS

16. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION OF: 17. LIMITATION OF ABSTRACT Same as

Report (SAR)

18. NUMBEROF PAGES

16

19a. NAME OFRESPONSIBLE PERSON

a. REPORT unclassified

b. ABSTRACT unclassified

c. THIS PAGE unclassified

Standard Form 298 (Rev. 8-98) Prescribed by ANSI Std Z39-18

Page 2

Kevin Crosthwaite SURVIAC Director E-mail: crosthwaite_kevin@bah.com

Donna Egner SURVIAC Deputy Director E-mail: degner@bah.com

Gerald Bennett Survivability Analyst E-mail: gbennett@bah.com

Jon Carroll Research AssistantE-mail: jcarroll@bah.com

Geri Bowling Model AdministratorE-mail: gbowling@bah.com

Barry VincentModel ManagerCom: (937) 431-2700E-mail: vincent_barry@bah.com

Mike BennettModel ManagerCom: (937) 431-2707E-mail: bennett_michael@bah.com

Theron NiekampComputer ServicesE-mail: tniekamp@bah.com

Michael ShanleyComputer ServicesE-mail: mshanley@bah.com

Jason BurdenComputer ServicesE-mail: jburden@bah.com

Linda Ryan SURVIAC BulletinE-mail: liryan@bah.com

SURVIACPoints of ContactCom: (937) 255-4840,

DSN: 785-4840Fax: (937) 255-9673

In This Issue:

Survivability Analysis Workshop 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . .3

Model Spotlight: Advanced Joint EffectivenessModel (AJEM) 1.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4

Model Spotlight: Advanced Low Altitude RadarModel (ALARM) 4.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

Upcoming Model Meetings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

Product Availability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

Model Availability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

ESAMS, ALARM, and RADGUNS CommonEnvironment (EARCE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

Liaison Workshop 2000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

Calendar of Events . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

Information Request . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

SURVIAC Bulletin Vol XVI Issue 2SURVIAC, a DoD Information Analysis Center (IAC), is administratively managed by

the Defense Information Systems Agency (DISA), Defense Technical Information Center(DTIC), under the DoD IAC Program. SURVIAC is sponsored by the Joint TechnicalCoordinating Groups on Aircraft Survivability (JTCG/AS) and for Munitions Effectiveness(JTCG/ME). SURVIAC is operated by Booz•Allen & Hamilton Inc. The ContractingOfficers Technical Representative (COTR) for the Center is Mr. Martin L. Lentz, 46OG/OGM/OL-AC, 2700 D Street, Bldg. 22B, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio 45433-7605.He may be reached at DSN 785-6302 or (937) 255-6302.

Inquiries about SURVIAC's capabilities, products and services, or comments regard-ing this publication may be addressed to:

46 OG/OGM/OL-AC/SURVIAC 2700 D St., Building 22B

Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio 45433-7605Com: (937) 255-4840, DSN: 785-4840

Fax: (937) 255-9673E-Mail: surviac@wpafb.af.milURL: http://iac.dtic.mil/surviac

Visit our web site !http://iac.dtic.mil/surviac

E-mail SURVIAC!surviac@wpafb.af.mil

Page 3

SURVIAC planned and hosted aSurvivability Analysis Workshop on25-29 September 2000 at Wright-

Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio. Thisweek long workshop was sponsored by theJoint Technical Coordinating Group onAircraft Survivability (JTCG/AS). Expertpresenters on various aspects of survivabili-ty were drawn from the government, civil-ian, military, industry, and academia. Eachof the Services were represented as well asthe Office of the Secretary of Defense(OSD).

The workshop was wellgrounded in the fundamen-tals of survivability. Thiswas assured by the first daypresenter, Robert E. Ball,Distinguished ProfessorEmeritus, NavalPostgraduate School.Professor Ball literally wrotethe book on survivability.His textbook entitled “TheFundamentals of AircraftCombat SurvivabilityAnalysis and Design” set thestandards for all survivabilitystudies. Professor Ball has long taught sur-vivability; his presentation, expertise, andstyle reflect the skill of this master teacher.Professor Ball is currently working on asecond edition of his book. The workshopattendees received the benefit of his mostrecent work as Professor Ball gave anoverview of the survivability discipline. Hedefined terminology and explained con-cepts to establish the common baseline forthe rest of the workshop.

The subsequent days of the workshop thenbuilt on this foundation covering specifictopics in greater detail. On Tuesday, sus-ceptibility analysis was covered.Susceptibility is analogous to the probabili-ty of getting hit. Susceptibility analysisincludes signature and detection, flight pathand tactics, and a wide variety of electronic

countermeasures and counter-countermea-sures. These topics were presented by Mr.Steve Ames (ASC/ENMM), Mr. DonaldSedor (ASC/EF), Messrs. Michael Bennettand Kevin Crosthwaite (SURVIAC).

On Wednesday all aspects of vulnerabilityanalysis were presented. Vulnerabilityanalysis concerns surviving being killedgiven a hit occurs. Vulnerability analysisincludes fuzing, geometric targets, shotlinepenetration, blast, fire, and endgame.These topics and models used to analyze

them were described in detail by Mr. RonDexter and Ms. LeAnne McKay (SUR-VICE Engineering Co.), Mr. AndrewPascal (Enthalpy Corp.), Mr. ThomasWasmund (NSWC-Dahlgren) and Messrs.Gerald Bennett and Kevin Crosthwaite(SURVIAC).

Thursday’s session focused on combiningsusceptibility and vulnerability results intoengagement analysis. Engagements aretypically analyzed according to the type ofthreat including antiaircraft artillery, sur-face-to-air missiles, lasers, directed energyweapons and other aircraft both fixed androtary wing. The models used to analyzethese engagements were discussed byCaptain Jonathan Fitton (453rd EWS),LtCol Julie Jacobson (DIA-ASC/SMJ), Mr.

Survivability Analysis Workshop 2000

Prof. Robert Ball shares his expertise.

Workshop continued on page 9

Su

rviv

abilit

y A

naly

sis

Page 4

The recent releaseof AJEM 1.0 givesboth the platform

vulnerability/survivabilityanalyst and the munitionlethality/effectivenessanalyst a new tool withnew capabilities that canprovide more realisticestimates of survivabilityand effectiveness. AJEMcan be used to evaluate allconventional ballisticthreats against aircraft, missile, and ground-mobile targets. It combines the capabilitiesof a number of models that it will replaceincluding the COVART vulnerability/lethalitymodel and the JSEM endgame model, andadds considerable more.

AJEM can provide more realistic predic-tions primarily because it traces the actualthreat path through a target and calculatesthe vulnerability/lethality on the fly rather

than use precalculated vulnerability dataand interpolated results. It can be used forevaluating a single threat against a singletarget or multiple threats versus single ormultiple targets. In the case of multiplethreats, target damage data is realisticallyaccumulated and the results are assessedafter all threats have hit the target; currentmodels incorrectly assume an undamagedtarget with each additional threat. In addi-tion AJEM has new target interaction capa-

Advanced Joint Effectiveness Model (AJEM) 1.0Released

By Tom Wasmund

Figure 2. The AJEM 1.0 User Interface.

Figure 1. What Happens When You Get Hit?

Mo

del

Spo

tli

ght

Page 5

bilities for HEI projectiles, fragment androd penetrators, and direct hit missiles thatare not available in other models.

A major advantage to the AJEM user is thatall endgame and target-interaction calcula-tions work with the same BRL-CAD targetgeometry. Further, the recent release ofBRL-CAD 5.1 includes complete FAST-GEN primitive support - and the AJEMUser Interface is designed to supportFASTGEN files and seamlessly convert toBRL-CAD format behind the scenes. Aconverter is also included to convert exist-ing COVART input files into AJEM format.

AJEM’s software structure consists of threeseparate modules. Each module is distinctand runs as a separate process in a UNIXenvironment. These modules are:

· The AJEM Graphical User Interface (GUI),

· The AJEM Encounter Module, and· The AJEM Vulnerability/Lethality (V/L)

Module.

These separate processes communicatewith each other and share common datafiles that contain information about the tar-get description and threat, as well as outputfrom an analysis. The AJEM user interface(shown in Figure 2) aids the analyst in man-aging the various input files required for anassessment, and controls the operation ofthe Encounter and V/L Modules. It pro-vides on-line access to detailed documenta-tion and references in HTML format,including sample cases with input files.The documentation is also linked to theactual source code for further understand-ing of the model and its processes. TheGUI provides access to a number of toolsincluding a dynamic, color-coded text fileeditor, a final results postprocessor, a vul-nagram utility, an Encounter VisualizationTool (EVT), (Figure 3) and the BRL-CADmodeling and visualization tool MGED.Both the AJEM and MGED interfaces areTool Command Language and Toolkit(Tcl/Tk) based windowing programs ratherthan hardware dependent graphic routines.This allows the user to reconfigure the win-dows to suit individual preferences by cre-

Figure 3. AJEM Encounter Visualization Tool (EVT).

AJE

M

Page 6

ating and using Tcl/Tk scripts;it also provides access to all ofthe BRL-CAD tools.

The Encounter Module is aseparate endgame program thatmodels the terminal kinematicsof an engagement between amissile and a target. It can beexecuted in a stand-alone modeor via the AJEM user interface. It has aninternal fuze model and also has the capa-bility to use various system-specific fuzemodels that interact with the BRL-CAD tar-get description to predict warhead burstpoints. Once the burst points are deter-mined, the option is provided to run theV/L Module to determine target Pk. TheEncounter Visualization Tool (EVT) canread the input and output of the EncounterModule and animate the encounter to assistthe analyst in visualizing the results of a run.

Figure 3 shows a missile encounter with amissile target, and displays the fuze coneand fragment traces, emanating from thewarhead at the burst point.

At the heart of AJEM is its V/L Module. Itprovides all of the target interaction modelsfor API and HEI projectiles, fragments,blast, shaped charges, KE penetrators, andmissile body hits. The V/L module can berun alone to calculate conventional targetvulnerable area, or it can be run in conjunc-tion with the Encounter Module to calculatea Pk from warhead effects after a burst-point has been determined.

Some of the V/L Module interaction mod-els provide more realistic predictions thanprevious models. For example, the HEImodel raytraces each fragment path throughthe target and can be run stochastically. Italso allows for attenuation of blast andcombined effects by intervening target com-ponents. The FATEPEN penetration anddamage model allows the realistic analysis offragments, projectiles, and long rods. Itincludes penetrator orientation and tum-bling, path deflection, ricochet, and the trac-ing of fragment debris particles off the mainpenetrator shotline. A comparison of pre-dicted fragment damage from this newmodel compared with the old capability isshown in Figure 4 - the results can be sig-nificantly different. The missile direct hitmodel calculates the defeat of individualcomponents linked to fault trees rather thandeclaring the target killed or not killed, as incurrent models - another more realisticimprovement.

AJEM uses the U.S. Army ResearchLaboratory Modular Unix-basedVulnerability Estimation Suite (MUVES) asthe V/L Module. MUVES provides the

Figure 4. FATEPENDamage PredictionCompared With CurrentCapability.

AJE

M 1.0

AJEM continued on page 9

Page 7

SURVIAC is pleased to announce dis-tribution of the newest version ofALARM (Version 4.2) completed in

August 2000. ALARM (Advanced LowAltitude Radar Model) is a generic digitalcomputer simulation designed to evaluatethe performance of a ground-based radarsystem attempting to detect low altitudeaircraft. It is an integration period model(i.e., the detection performance of the radaris determined over one integration period),and radar detection calculations are basedon the signal-to-noise (S/N) radar rangeequations commonly used in radar analysis.The purpose of ALARM is to provide aradar analyst with a software simulationtool to evaluate the detection performanceof a ground-based radar system against thetarget of interest in a realistic environment.The ALARM detection results include theeffects of pulsed/Moving Target Indicator(MTI) or pulsed Doppler (PD) filtering forreduction of clutter returns. ALARM alsohas a limited capability to model continu-ous wave (CW) radar. Additionally,ALARM models onboard noise (self-screening) jammers, onboard deception(coherent) jammers, and standoff noisejammers. ALARM is strictly a one-aircraft-on-one radar model; however, one-on-oneresults may be combined to perform a oneaircraft-on-many analysis. Actual two- orthree-dimensional radar antenna gain pat-tern data can be loaded. Multiple beamradar can also be simulated by making sep-arate runs for each beam and then combin-ing their results using a support program.

ALARM represents the radar, target, andenvironment with multiple components.The radar is comprised of its transmitter,antenna, receiver and signal processor.The target is comprised of its flight charac-teristics and RCS. The environment iscomprised of terrain, clutter, pattern propa-gation factor, atmospheric attenuation, andjammers. The primary application of

ALARM is the evaluation of target detec-tion range as a function of the environ-ment. The model includes the environ-mental effects through the use of JointTechnical Coordinating Group on AircraftSurvivability Common ModelingComponent Set (JTCG/AS CMCS). Landclutter reflectivity probability distributions,published by Massachusetts Institute ofTechnology (MIT) Lincoln Laboratory, andsea clutter reflectivity probability, distribu-tion from the Center for Naval Analyses(CNA), are also used in ALARM.Additionally, pattern propagation effectsare included by use of the MIT LincolnLabs Spherical Earth/Knife Edge (SEKE)Diffraction source code. Finally, terrainmasking is determined based on NationalImagery and Mapping Agency (NIMA)data input to the model for a specific radarsite area.

ALARM can operate in the followingmodes; flight path analysis (FPA), horizon-tal detection contour (HDC), vertical cov-erage envelope (VCE), and vertical detec-tion contour (VDC). FPA mode is used tomodel specific flight data parameters, anddetection is determined for each data point.HDC mode is used to generically illustratea radar’s detection performance in whichmultiple north to south straight line flightpaths are generated from left to rightacross the radar site, and the aircraft fliesstraight and level. VCE represents theradar’s outer most detection capabilities forround smooth earth cases and automatical-ly disables target Doppler, eclipsing, clutter,and terrain masking effects. VDC modecomputes the radar’s detection contour,analogous to the HDC mode in the verticalplane and does not automatically disableany effects.

For ALARM Version 4.2, many of theradar and simulation support functions orcomponents utilized in previous versions

Advanced Low Altitude Radar Model (ALARM)4.2 Now Available

Mo

del

Spo

tlig

ht

of ALARM have been replaced by func-tions from the JTCG/AS CMCS. Theimplementation of SEKE in the commonenvironment propagation component isbased on the original SEKE source codewith the same subroutines and functionsused; however, they were rewritten to moreclosely follow the FORTRAN90 standardand the programming style of EARCE(ESAMS, ALARM, and RADGUNSCommon RF (radio frequency)Environment).

ALARM Version 4.1 is not recommendedto be installed over an existing version, andit is strongly recommended that the currentALARM installation be backed up beforeupgrading. Version 4.1 installation mediacontains all the files needed for a completeinstallation. New modifications incorporat-ed into Version 4.1 include the following.ALARM has an added error check for theTARGET_TYPE input. In addition, theerror checking was modified changingsome warning messages to error messageswhich will cause termination of the run.This applies mostly to inputs having fixedarray bounds (i.e. PD_BANDWIDTH andPRF). Initialization of elevation pointing

angles in the VCE mode was also correct-ed. Furthermore, the initialization ofdynamically allocated arrays in pd.f90 hasbeen added. The PD_BANDWIDTHinputs will now be echoed to the ‘.out’ file.The lat_lon_class is now modified to prop-erly read latitude and longitude specifica-tions containing fractional seconds.Finally, RhaChart, the post-processing sup-port program, was modified to examine thedetection flag in the VDC data diariesinstead of comparing S/I (signal-to-inter-ference) to the threshold; along with, anenhancement to place the maximum detec-tion range and maximum detection altitudeon the plots.

Enhancements in ALARM Version 4.0include the following. ALARM wasredesigned to be object-based makingALARM easier to run from other applica-tions. Correspondingly, the PdMerge pro-gram was rewritten to be object-based.The ALARM input file format is more userfriendly allowing for comments and com-bining variable names and white spaces toseparate inputs from values. Version 4.0incorporated the enhanced version of theJTCG/AS CMCS EnvironmentComponent for modeling atmosphericattenuation, antenna, clutter reflectivity,electromagnetic propagation (multipath anddiffraction), refraction, and terrain masking.Moreover, ALARM will utilize standardiza-tion of both RCS and Random NumberGenerator to ensure consistent comparableresults. Two simulation types, VCE andVDC, were added. FpaChart, HdcChart,and RhaChart are additional post-process-ing support programs. The GENANT,DIMENS, DMABIO, DMABIOCD, BIN-PRO, PREPGP, and GRAPHIT supportprograms have been removed. Finally, twoutilities were added to read existingALARM 3.x input files and transform theminto the revised ALARM 4.0 format.

To order ALARM 4.2, please contact Mrs.Geri Bowling at SURVIAC, Com: (937)255-4840, DSN: 785-4840, or by E-mail atgbowling@bah.com

Page 8

ALA

RM

4

.2

Upcoming Model MeetingsThe following is a list of upcomingmodel meetings. For more informationon these meetings, please contact Mr.Paul Jeng, Booz·Allen & Hamilton Inc., Com: (937) 431-2712 or by E-mail:surviacmodels@bah.com. Also, visitour web site at: http://iac.dtic.mil/surviac.

JMASS Users Conference30 April - 3 May 2001Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio

JMUM 200119-22 June 2001Colorado Springs, Colorado

ESAMS, BRAWLER, DIME Meeting19-22 June 2001Colorado Springs, Colorado

Page 9

Randyll Levine ASC/HPMT), Mr. LarryTaranto (ASC/ENMM), Mr. John Tatum(Army Research Lab.), Ms. Linda Hamiltonand Messrs. Gerald Bennett and MichaelBennett (SURVIAC).

On the final day of the workshop, all of theprevious topics were rolled up into missionand campaign analysis. In addition, otherkey survivability topics were briefed such asaircraft battle damage repair, analysis ofalternatives, as well as specific aspects ofground vehicle and rotary-wing aircraft sur-vivability. Key government agencies thatinfluence survivability were discussedincluding the Joint Technical CoordinatingGroups for Aircraft Survivability(JTCG/AS) and Munitions Effectiveness(JTCG/ME) and the DirectorateOperational Test & Evaluation/Live FireTesting (DOT&E/LFT). Presenters onthis last day included LCDR R. DouglasBuchy (JMASS PO), Messrs. MarkButkiewicz and Ron Dexter (SURVICEEngineering Co.), Mr. Robert Meyer(NAWC-ASC/SMJ), Mr. Ernest Timmie(OSU-Eglin), Mr. Robert Wojciechowski,Jr. (OSD DOT&E/LFT), Mr. DonaldVoyls (46th Test Wing), Mr. MichaelWeisenbach (JTCG/AS), and Messrs.Kevin Crosthwaite and Michael Miles(SURVIAC)

All in all, over 45 separate briefings werepresented to the workshop attendees. Theevaluation sheets showed that 31 of these

briefings were listed as someone’sfavorite. Overall, the attendeesevaluated the workshop as excel-lent with an appropriate level ofdetail. An overwhelming majorityindicated that they would recom-mend this course to coworkers.Each attendee received a note-book and a CD with all the pre-sentations for use as future refer-ence.SURVIAC would like to thankboth the attendees and speakersfor making this workshop possi-ble and successful. The work-

shop provided a definite value to the com-munity and reflects credit on the sponsor-ing agency JTCG/AS.

For more information on the SurvivabilityAnalysis Workshop and how to obtain aCD or notebook of presentations, pleasecontact SURVIAC at (937) 255-4840 orDSN: 785-4840.

capability to add new physics-based targetinteraction models, such as FATEPEN, aslinked libraries. One of the new capabilitiesbeing developed that will be in a new ver-sion of AJEM is a dynamic external blastmodel, BEAMS. A new capability is alsobeing added to FATEPEN to predict pene-tration and fuzing of Man Portable AirDefense Systems (MANPADS). A baselineMANPADS capability already exists in thedevelopmental AJEM version 1.1.

The AJEM 1.0 Package is available on CD-ROM from the SURVIAC AberdeenSatellite Office with full-service support. Formore information, visit the AJEM websiteat www.ajem.com or contact Ms. LisaGarriques at the SURVIAC AberdeenSatellite Office, (410) 273-7722 or E-mail:lisa@survice.com. The model User MOA isavailable for downloading from the website.

AJEM Continued from page 6

Survivability Workshop continued from page 3

Attendees refer to their notebooks provided at the workshop.

Pro

du

cts

Page 10

ProductReproduction & Handling FeeClassification

SURVIAC is a U.S. Department of Defense Information Analysis Center (IAC) sponsored by the Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)

For further information on how to obtain these products and how to establish need-to-know certification,please contact SURVIAC at (937) 255-4840 or DSN 785-4840. Requests from non-U.S. agencies must beforwarded to their country's Embassy in Washington DC, Attn: Air Attache's Office.

A Critical Review of Graphite Epoxy Laser Damage Studies SECRET $ 50.00A Summary of Aerospace Vehicle Computerized Geometric Descriptions Unclassified $100.00 (Free to Gov't)

for Vulnerability AnalysesAdvanced Materials for Enhanced Survivability SECRET $100.00Aircraft Fuel System Fire and Explosion Suppression Design Guide Unclassified $150.00/3 Volumes‘Aircraft Survivability’ Video Unclassified $ 50.00 or 30-Day LoanAlternatives For Halon 1301 In Army Ground Vehicle Firefighting Systems Unclassified $250.00An Overview of Laser-Induced Eye Effects SECRET $150.00An Overview of Laser Technology and Applications Unclassified $ 50.00‘Battle Damage Repair of Composite Structures’ Video Unclassified $ 75.00Collection of Vulnerability Test Results for Typical Aircraft Systems CONFIDENTIAL $150.00

and Components Comparative Close Air Support Vulnerability Assessment Study SECRET None (Gov't. Only)

- Executive SummaryCompendium of References for Nonnuclear Aircraft Survivability Unclassified $150.00

(A Supplement to MIL-HDBK-336)Component Vulnerability (Pd/h) Workshop Component Pd/h Handbook SECRET $200.00 (Free to Gov't)

w/addendumComponent Vulnerability Database Development - CD SECRET $100.00 (Free to Gov't)Countermeasures Handbook for Aircraft Survivability (3 Volumes) SECRET $200.00 (Free to Gov't)Critical Review and Technology Assessment (CRTA) for Soldier

Survivability (SSv)Unclassified $ 50.00‘Designing for Survivability’ Video Unclassified 30-Day LoanGas Explosion Suppression Agent Investigation Unclassified $200.00Gun and Missile Pedigree Threat Reports - CD SECRET $150.00 Joint Live Fire/Live Fire Test Program Catalogue, Version 3.1 Unclassified $ 95.00MANPADS Threat to Aircraft: A Vulnerability Perspective - Final Report SECRET $200.00Model User Group Meeting Minutes - CD Unclassified $ 50.00National MANPADS Workshop: A Vulnerability Perspective Proceedings SECRET $200.00

2 VolumesPenetration Characteristics of Advanced Engine Materials Unclassified $100.00Proceedings of the Eighth DOD Conference on DEW Vulnerability, SECRET $125.00/Per Set

Survivability and Effects - 2 VolumesRADGUNS 1.8 Parametric Study SECRET $100.00 (Free to Gov’t)Ship Survivability Overview Unclassified $ 50.00‘SURVIAC - A Capabilities Overview’ Video Unclassified 30-Day LoanSurvivability ANalysis Workshop Notebook - 2000 Unclassified $100.00 (Free to Gov’t)Survivability Systems Master Plan Unclassified $ 50.00 (Free to Gov't)Testing of Aircraft or Aircraft Surrogates with On-Board Munitions Unclassified $100.00 "Threat Effects in Aircraft Combat Survivability" Video Unclassified $150.00 or 60-Day LoanUllage Explosion Hazard State-of-the-Art Report (SOAR) Unclassified $ 50.00Unmanned Aerial Vehicles Survivability Compendium—Interim Report Unclassified $200.00

DatabaseU.S. Air Force Surface-To-Air Engagements During Operation Desert SECRET $100.00 (Free to Gov't)

StormVulnerability Reduction Design Guide for Ground Systems in a Unclassified $200.00

Conventional Combat Environment

SURVIAC Product Availability

Model Documentation

Reproduction & Handling Fee

MIL-AASPEM — Man-in-the-Loop Air-To-Air System Unclassified $500.00 $ 80.00+

Performance Evaluation Model

AIRADE—Airborne Radar Detection Model Unclassified $500.00 $ 36.00

ALARM—Advanced Low Altitude Radar Model Unclassified $500.00 $ 60.50+

BLUEMAX IV—Variable Airspeed Flight Path Generator Unclassified $500.00 $ 15.00+

BRAWLER—Air-To-Air Combat Simulation SECRET $500.00 $231.50+

BRL-CAD—Ballistic Research Laboratory Computer-Aided Unclassified $500.00 N/A

Design Package*

COVART—Computation of Vulnerable Area and Repair Time Unclassified $500.00 $ 37.00

DIME—Digital Integrated Modeling Environment Unclassified $500.00 $ 63.00

ESAMS—Enhanced Surface-To-Air Missile Simulation SECRET $500.00 $295.50+

FASTGEN—Fast Shotline Generator Unclassified $500.00 $ 52.00

IVIEW 2000—Graphical User Interface for Output Simulation Unclassified $100.00 +

JSEM - Joint Service Endgame Model Unclassified $500.00 TBA*

LELAWS—Low Energy Laser Weapons Simulation Unclassified $500.00 $ 31.50

RADGUNS—Radar-Directed Gun System Simulation SECRET $500.00 $ 69.50+

TRAP—Trajectory Analysis Program Unclassified $500.00 $256.00

TRACES—Terrain/Rotorcraft Air Combat Evaluation Simulation Unclassified $500.00 $127.00

* For more information regarding BRL-CAD or JSEM documentation, contact Mr. Bob Strausser at the SURVIAC Aberdeen Satellite Office, (410) 273-7722.

+ Documentation included with code on CD version of Model at no charge

ModelClassification

SURVIAC is a U.S. Department of Defense Information Analysis Center (IAC) sponsored by the Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)

For further information on how to obtain these models and how to establish need-to-know certification,please contact SURVIAC at (937) 255-4840 or DSN 785-4840. Requests from non-U.S. agencies mustbe forwarded to their country's Embassy in Washington DC, Attn: Air Attache's Office.

SURVIAC Model AvailabilityM

odels

Page 11

Page 12

EARCE Now Available from SURVIACSURVIAC is pleased to announce distribu-tion of the newest version of EARCE(ESAMS, ALARM, and RADGUNSCommon Environment), Version 2.2, com-pleted in July 2000. The ESAMS, ALARM,and RADGUNS (EAR) models are a majorportion of the Tri-Service survivability codesdistributed by SURVIAC. The JTCG/ASsponsored an effort to develop CommonRadio Frequency (RF) ModelingComponents (CE) for the EAR models as apart of a Common Model Component Set(CMCS), of which the CE is a subset.Development of the CE has been a jointeffort with participants from the Air Force,Army, Navy, and National GroundIntelligence Center. The purpose of theCommon Environment ModelingComponent Set (CEMCS) is to provide ameans of standardizing algorithms and soft-ware common to the EAR RF models.This standardization will provide consisten-cy in the environment, target, and statisticalmodeling of models utilizing the CEMCS.Currently, the CEMCS consists of six com-ponents: antenna, atmospheric attenuation,clutter, propagation, refraction, and terrain.While components can be logically viewedas individual entities, they may in fact beaggregates of lower-level components. Theantenna (antenna file and antenna pattern)and terrain (terrain cell and IJ stack) compo-nents are two such examples.

The work is being accomplished over threephases. Phase-1 is completed and providesCE sub-components for atmospheric atten-uation, antennas, multipath propagation andclutter reflectivity. Phase-2 is currentlyunder way and will provide improvementsto the initial sub-components as well as pro-vide additional sub-components to modelrefraction and terrain. At the end of Phase-2, a full CE will be achieved for use by thecoalition models together with models hav-ing similar RF environment requirements.Phase-3 will provide a full up, high fidelityRF environment, not only for the futureEAR type models, but any model requiring

similar levels of fidelity for RF environmentpropagation effects.

The modifications incorporated into theEARCE V2.2 software include:

· The off-axis antenna pattern extrapolationalgorithm was corrected.

· The lin2db function was modified to usethe min_db parameter instead of a hardcoded minimum value.

· Added a missing comma in a format state-ment that some compilers didn’t catch.

· Modified r8_check_range andr8_zero_check in the error_check module touse a format specifier to give more preci-sion. Changed from ‘F’ specifiers to ‘G’specifiers.

· Removed the “echo” subroutines fromantenna_file and antenna_pattern classes:echo_antenna_pattern, echo_antenna_cut,echo_data, echo_antenna_files, echo_anten-na_file, set_antenna_echo_flag, andecho_data.

· Added limit checks for theCLUT_REFLECTIVITY andCLUT_DELTA_REFLECT inputs in theerrcheck_clutter subroutine in the clutterclass.

· Corrected echoing of LAND_COVERand LAND_FORM in echo_clutter whenthe CLUT_STATISTIC was set to numeri-cal.

· Corrected the units in the declaration com-ment for sigclt clutter_signal_clut.

· Modified the atmospheric attenuation sub-routine to return “zero” attenuation if therange to the target is less than or equal tothe altitude increment. Previously it waspossible to get some attenuation even whenthe target was on top of the radar.

Mo

del

New

s

Page 13

· Modified the gain_lookup subroutine inthe antenna_pattern class to apply the mini-mum gain to 3D patterns.

· In the antenna_pattern class, removed theprivate subroutine get_rel_gain_pattern.For the private gain_lookup subroutine, theargument list was recorded and the txgminvariable was renamed to min_gain and theunits were changed from dB to absolute.Eliminated the dB to linear conversion forminimum gain. The public interface toget_relative_gain remains unchanged.

· Corrected the echo_propagation subrou-tine to echo the setting of DIFFRAC-TION_SW.

· Corrected subroutines laprop and propaga-tion_factor_prop in the propagation class tocompute the correct propagation factor for

all combinations of PROPAGATION_SW,DIFFRACTION_SW, and TERRAIN_SW.

· Added dynamic allocation of array indxmxin subroutine kediff. The mlocal parameterwas removed.

· Corrected the bounds declaration of arrayelvmsl in subroutine second in the in thepropagation class.

It is not recommended that EARCE V2.2be installed over an existing version, and it isstrongly recommended that the currentEARCE installation be backed up beforeupgrading . The EARCE V2.2 installationmedia contains all the files needed for acomplete installation. The EARCE 2.2 isavailable through SURVIAC. To request acopy of the EARCE, please call SURVIACat DSN 785-4840 or (937) 255-4840.

SURVIAC held it's 5th annual Liaison Workshop at Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio 22-24August 2000. In 1996, SURVIAC implemented an innovative liaison program to expandthe survivability/vulnerability user base through the on-site training of Government andIndustry volunteers. The purpose of the liaison training program is two-fold: the firstobjective is to increase user knowledge of SURVIAC, and what resources are available tosupport other agency's/company's mission. The second objective is to inform SURVIACabout the user's respective needs, in order to provide better support in the future.

For more information on attending future workshops, please contact Mrs. Donna Egnerat (937) 255-4840, DSN: 785-4840, or by E-mail: degner@bah.com

SURVIAC Holds Annual Liaison Workshop

Liaison Attendees: Larry Trost, Sandia National LabsBud Simrin, Lockheed Robert Whittington, Patuxent RiverDonna Egner, SURVIAC Bill Serra, HQ AFMC Tracy Sheppard, University of TexasRobert Leach, Boeing Kevin Crosthwaite, SURVIAC Lt. Matthew Pixley (not pictured)

EARCE continued from page 12

Lia

iso

n W

orksho

p

Page 14

“Hit or Miss” is a Wizards-of-Wright K-8 educational outreachprogram sponsored by the Wright-Patterson Air Force BaseEducational Outreach Office. Theprogram utilizes a blue target boardand Velcro-covered Ping-Pong ballsto demonstrate the basic principlesof probability, elementary use offractions, the scientific method, andmodern aircraft survivability. Allfour concepts are integrated togeth-er into one highly interactive learn-ing experience. In the youngergrades, the use of fractions is de-emphasized in favor of the conceptof “chances” and basic counting.

During the “Hit or Miss” demon-stration, each student in the class isallowed to toss two or three balls atthe blue target board (dependingon class size). The total number of tossesfor the entire class is tallied along with thecorresponding numbers for hits and “kills.”A kill is a hit on the target board within thered circular region (the bull’s eye). The classrepeats the ball-tossing experiment sixtimes, the total number of class throwsremaining constant throughout, for six dif-ferent conditions that have influence on thetotal number of hits and kills. The classexamines the potential influence due to dis-tance, blindfolds, countermeasures, andarmor applied to the bull’s eye. Only onevariable is changed each time the experi-ment is repeated, which allows the easy for-mulation of a hypothesis-whether the totalnumber of hits/kills will go up or down-prior to actual experimentation. All sixexperimental results are discussed in lightof the many methods that the modernUnited States Air Force uses to protect itsairplanes while engaged in battle.

The Wizards-of-Wright “Hit or Miss” pro-gram can be accomplished in one action-

packed fifty-minute class period in an ordi-nary-sized elementary classroom. An over-head projector and screen are required toshow the accompanying slides. Desks andtables may need to be shuffled around a bitso a “throwing range” can be set up allow-ing tosses from both a 9-foot and 15-footdistance.

The Wizards-of-Wright “Hit or Miss” pro-gram is available on a per-request basis topublic and private schools throughout theMiami Valley. To schedule the “Hit orMiss” program, contact the Wright-Patterson Air Force Base EducationalOutreach Office at (937) 904-8622.

For more information contact Mr. John C. SparksAir Force Research Laboratory

(Det 1 AFRL/WSP)Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio 45433

Phone (937) 255-4782 E-mail: john.sparks@wpafb.af.mil

“Hit or Miss” An experiential learning program for Grades K through 8th

John Sparks, Det 1 AFRL/WSP

Hit or Miss demonstration at Kaiser Middle School inDayton, Ohio. Mr. John Sparks is wearing the “Wizards-of-Wright” lab jacket worn by all WPAFB S&E WOWVolunteers.

Hit

o

r M

iss

Page 15

Cale

nd

ar o

f E

vents

Space Technology and Application International11-15 February 2001 Albuquerque, New MexicoPOC: Mary Bragg, (505) 833-0331TechNet Tampa 2001 13-14 February 2001Tampa, Florida POC: B. J. Morrisette, (703) 631-6128, (800) 336-4583, ext. 6129, E-mail: bmorrisette@afcea.orgImpact of M & S Credibility on Acquisition, Test & Evaluation, Survivability,Lethality, and System Effectiveness 13-15 February 2001 Reno, Nevada POC: Kathy Ernst, (760) 939-3681, E-mail: ernstka@navair.navy.milPractical Shock Analysis & Design 26 February - 2 March 2001 McLean, VirginiaPOC: Mr. Joel Leifer, Booz·Allen & Hamilton Inc., (703) 289-5516

EW and SA for Survivability Symposium and Expo13-15 March 2001 San Diego, CaliforniaPOC: (301) 342-0026, E-mail: assenmachetj@navair.navy.mil2001 Spring Interoperability Workshop25-30 March 2001Orlando, FloridaPOC: Dr. Duncan Miller, (781) 981-7612, E-mail dmiller@II.mit.eduUS Army Ground Vehicle Survivability26-29 March 2001Monterey, CaliforniaPOC: NDIA, Holly Mason, (703) 522-1820, E-mail: hmason@ndia.org

2001 AAAA Convention4-7 April 2001Charlotte, North CarolinaPOC: AAAA, (203) 226-8184, E-mail aaaa@quad-a.org

Global Air and Space 20017-9 May 2001Arlington, VirginiaPOC: AIAA, Cathy Chenevey, (703) 264-7574, E-mail: cathyc@aiaa.org; www.aiaa.org

JMUM 200118-22 Jun 2001Colorado Springs, ColoradoPOC: SURVIAC, Mr. Paul Jeng, (937) 431-2712, E-mail: surviacmodels@bah.com

February

March

April

May

June

Visit our website at http://iac.dtic.mil/surviac

SURVIAC46 OG/OGM/OL-AC/SURVIAC 2700 D St., Building 22BWright-Patterson AFB, OH 45433-7605

For further information on how to obtain products and how to establish need-to-know certification, please contact SURVIAC at (937) 255-4840, FAX (937) 255-9673. Requests from non-U.S. agencies must be forwarded to their country's Embassy in Washington, D.C., Attn: Air Attache’s Office.

SURVIAC Distribution/Information Request! Change the Distribution Information as Shown Below ! Add My Organization to the SURVIAC Bulletin Distribution List! Add My Organization to the JTCG/AS Aircraft Survivability Newsletter! Request SURVIAC Technical Area Task Information (Government) ! Request SURVIAC Subscription Plan Information Package (Industry)! Request SURVIAC Product Guide ! Request SURVIAC Model Guide

NAME:

TITLE

COMPANY/ORG

DIVISION

ADDRESS

CITY/STATE/ZIP

COUNTRY

DSN COM

FAX E-mail

SERVICE : " USA " USAF " USN " USMC " DoD " Contractor

Return to: Linda Ryan, 46 OG/OGM/OL-AC/SURVIAC2700 D St., Building 22B Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio 45433-7605Com: (937) 255-4840, DSN: 785-4840 FAX: (937) 255-9673, E-mail: liryan@bah.com

PRSRT STDUS POSTAGE PAID

DAYTON OHPERMIT NO 1161

A New YearA New Address!

SURVIAC has a new home!

After January 8, 2001 we will be locatedat:

46 OG/OGM/OL-AC/SURVIAC2700 D Street, Bldg. 22BWright-Patterson AFB, Ohio 45433-7605Com: (937) 255-4840DSN: 785-4840FAX: (937) 255-9673

Please update your records!