sustainability appraisal report vol. ii – appraisal matrices · version of managing development...

Tony Fullwood Associates

Chartered Town Planners

Strategic Environmental Assessment / Sustainability Appraisal Tonbridge and Malling Local Development Framework – Publication Version of Managing Development and the Environment DPD

S U S T A I N A B I L I T Y A P P R A I S A L R E P O R T V o l . I I – A p p r a i s a l M a t r i c e s January 2009

SUSTAINABILITY APPRAISAL REPORT MANAGING DEVELOPMENT AND THE ENVIRONMENT DPD JANUARY 2009

4. Climate Change Mitigation – Sustainable Design

Policy CC1: All proposals for new development, building conversions, refurbishments and extensions will be required to incorporate passive design measures to reduce energy demand. Proposals will be required to be well insulated and air tight and designed to take advantage of natural light and heat from the sun and use natural air movement for ventilation, whilst maximising cooling in the summer. This should be achieved by such of the following means as practicable:

(a) Orientating windows of habitable rooms within 300 degrees of south and utilising southern slopes;

(b) locating windows at heights that allow lower sun angles in the winter and installing shading mechanisms, for example awnings, to prevent overheating during summer months;

(c) using soft landscaping, including deciduous tree planting, to allow natural sun light to pass through during the winter months whilst providing shade in the summer;

(d) integrating passive ventilation, for example wind-catchers installed on roofs; and (e) planting green roofs to moderate the temperature of the building in order to avoid

the need for mechanical heating and/or cooling systems. 2. Proposals for new residential development, (excluding extensions and conversions) will not be permitted unless they achieve at least Code Level 4 of the Code for Sustainable Homes. Water efficiency measures including the installation of storage facilities for the harvesting of rainwater for external and internal water use should be



included in meeting Level 4. 3. In achieving the Code Level 4 Standard, proposals for new residential development will

not be permitted unless at least 10% of the estimated CO2 emission savings for each new dwelling are achieved from installed low or zero carbon technologies1. The calculation of the annual energy demand for each new dwelling will be required to include the energy use for space heating, water heating, fixed lighting and ventilation and also the energy use from cooking and other appliances, (where supplied with the dwelling) as required by the Code for Sustainable Homes. For major developments, site-wide strategies incorporating larger installations such as combined heat and power will be encouraged.

4. Conversions of properties to residential use will not be permitted unless BREEAM’s Homes ‘Very Good’ Standard is achieved.

5. Proposals for new office (B1) or retail and related development (A1, A2, A3 and A4) (excluding extensions) will not be permitted unless savings of at least 10% of the estimated CO2 emissions are achieved from installed low or zero carbon technologies. In addition, proposals for new office or retail and related development of more than 1000m2 (including extensions) will not be permitted unless they achieve the relevant BREEAM ‘VERY GOOD’ Standard. For all other non-residential development Policy NRM11(i) of the South East Plan will apply.

6. In all cases, the Council will have regard to the impact of these requirements on the viability of development.

Sustainability Objectives Assessment Commentary

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1. Ensure that everyone has the opportunity to live in a decent, sustainably constructed and affordable home

Code Level 4 and BREEAM very good standard require a more sustainable standard of construction than current Building Regulations. Construction costs for this option may be increased as the new mass produced technology required to achieve efficiency measures may not be available in the short term. However, the policy contains a viability criterion and new homes should be more affordable to run in relation to energy costs. The Policy requires passive

1 This is the equivalent of achieving 1 credit in relation to Ene 7 in the Code for Sustainable Homes. Low or Zero Carbon technologies include: solar water heating, photovoltaics, wind turbines, biomass heaters/stoves or boilers, combined heat and power (chp), ground source heat pumps, geothermal heating systems and small scale hydro power.

solar design and the use of renewable energy sources which will have a beneficial impact on the sustainability of new (including converted but excluding extensions) homes. The policy will increase benefits over Building Regulations prior to 2013 when an equivalent standard to that required by this policy will be reached. There is a significant stock of planning permissions granted ahead of the policy coming into force, which will have the impact of reducing the short term benefits. The policy therefore has more limited short term impacts on this objective but, omitting any consideration of the impacts of changes to national regulations which is considered within the cumulative impacts table, the affects of this policy will increase in the medium to longer term.

2. Reduce and manage the risk of flooding The Code for Sustainable Homes has requirements in relation to harvesting rainwater and managing surface water run-off from developments which should reduce the risk of flooding.

3. To improve the health and well-being of the population and reduce inequalities in health

More sustainable construction should have beneficial impacts on the health of occupants including warmth. Passive solar design maximises the use of sunlight and daylight which is likely to have some beneficial impacts on health and well-being. The policy will increase benefits over Building Regulations prior to 2013 when an equivalent standard to that required by this policy will be reached. There is a significant stock of planning permissions granted ahead of the policy coming into force, which will have the impact of reducing the short term benefits. The policy therefore has more limited short term impacts on this objective but, omitting any consideration of the impacts of changes to national regulations which is considered within the cumulative impacts table, the effects of this policy will increase in the medium to longer term.

4. To reduce poverty and social exclusion and close the gap between the most deprived areas and the rest

Increased energy efficiency and renewable energy technologies will help to reduce rising energy costs which can be particularly beneficial to households on lower income or in fuel poverty.

5. To raise educational achievement levels in the Borough and develop the opportunities for everyone to acquire the skills needed to find and remain in work

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6. To reduce crime and fear of crime - - -

7. To create and sustain vibrant communities - - - 8. To improve accessibility for everyone to all services and facilities

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9. To encourage increased engagement in, and enjoyment of, cultural activities

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10. To improve efficiency in land use through the re-use of previously developed land and existing buildings, including the reuse of materials from buildings

Passive solar design measures and renewable energy technologies may be more difficult to achieve at higher densities, possibly requiring a less efficient use of land. The Code for Sustainable Homes has a category on waste requiring site waste management plans to be prepared to minimise construction waste which should encourage the reuse of materials. Also credits are available for minimising the building footprint, although this is not a mandatory element. The policy will increase benefits over Building Regulations prior to 2013 when an equivalent standard to that required by this policy will be reached. There is a significant stock of planning permissions granted ahead of the policy coming into force, which will have the impact of reducing the short term benefits. The policy therefore has more limited short term impacts on this objective but, omitting any consideration of the impacts of changes to national regulations which is considered within the cumulative impacts table, the effects of this policy will increase in the medium to longer term.

11. To reduce air pollution and ensure air quality continues to improve

Passive solar design combined with measures to achieve Level 4 and BREEAM very good rating will create more energy efficient buildings with less pollution emitted. This policy should reduce the energy requirements and hence polluting impacts of buildings and ensure that a proportion of energy is from cleaner renewable technologies which will have some beneficial impact on the pollution caused by energy production and use. The policy will increase benefits over Building Regulations prior to 2013 when an equivalent standard to that required by this policy will be reached. There is a significant stock of planning permissions granted ahead of the policy coming into force, which will have the impact of reducing the short term benefits. The policy therefore has more limited short term impacts on this objective but, omitting any consideration of the impacts of changes to national regulations which is considered within the cumulative impacts table, the effects of this policy will increase in the medium to longer term.

12. To address the causes of climate change through reducing carbon emissions and ensure that the Borough is prepared for, and adapts to, its impacts

Energy efficiency measures required under Code Level 4 and BREEAM very good rating and passive solar design, combined with renewable energy technologies would reduce carbon dioxide emissions which contribute to climate change. The policy will increase benefits over Building Regulations prior to 2013 when an equivalent standard to that required by this policy will be reached. There is a significant stock of planning permissions granted ahead of the policy coming into force, which will have the impact of reducing the short term benefits. The policy therefore has more limited short term impacts on this

objective but, omitting any consideration of the impacts of changes to national regulations which is considered within the cumulative impacts table, the affects of this policy will increase in the medium to longer term.

13. To conserve and enhance geodiversity and the diversity of species

Credits are awarded under the Code for Sustainable Homes for improving the ecological value of the site, although this is not a mandatory element.

14. To protect and enhance the historic environment ( ) ( ) ( ) There may be tensions between the orientation, spacing, density, form, scale and materials required by this policy to maximise passive solar gain and incorporate renewable energy technologies when compared with the design required for a scheme to fit within the historical character of an area. This is recognised in paragraph 4.2.14 and the phrase ‘as practicable’ in the policy which indicate that the policy will be applied flexibly in relation to the historic environment.

15. To protect and enhance the countryside - - -

16. To reduce road congestion and pollution levels by improving travel choice, and reducing the need for travel by car / lorry

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17. To reduce waste generation and disposal, and achieve the sustainable management of waste

The Code for Sustainable Homes has a category on waste requiring site waste management plans to be prepared to minimise construction waste. The policy will increase benefits over Building Regulations prior to 2013 when an equivalent standard to that required by this policy will be reached. There is a significant stock of planning permissions granted ahead of the policy coming into force, which will have the impact of reducing the short term benefits. The policy therefore has more limited short term impacts on this objective but, omitting any consideration of the impacts of changes to national regulations which is considered within the cumulative impacts table, the effects of this policy will increase in the medium to longer term.

18. To maintain and improve the water quality of the Borough’s rivers and to achieve sustainable water resources management

The Code for Sustainable Homes includes mandatory standards on water efficiency and the management of surface water run-off from developments. The policy indicates that storage facilities for harvesting rainwater should be included. The policy will increase benefits over Building Regulations prior to 2013 when an equivalent standard to that required by this policy will be reached. There is a significant stock of planning permissions granted ahead of the policy coming into force, which will have the impact of reducing the short term benefits. The policy therefore has more limited short term impacts on this objective but, omitting any consideration of the impacts of changes to national regulations which is considered within the cumulative impacts table, the effects of this policy will increase in the medium to longer term.

19. To increase energy efficiency and the proportion of Code Level 4 and the BREEAM very good rating require buildings and white

energy generated from renewable sources in the Borough goods to be more energy efficient than those built under current Building Regulations. Passive solar gain is required under this policy which would have a beneficial impact on energy requirements. The policy will require the inclusion of renewable energy technologies. The policy will increase benefits over Building Regulations prior to 2013 when an equivalent standard to that required by this policy will be reached. There is a significant stock of planning permissions granted ahead of the policy coming into force, which will have the impact of reducing the short term benefits. The policy therefore has more limited short term impacts on this objective but, omitting any consideration of the impacts of changes to national regulations which is considered within the cumulative impacts table, the affects of this policy will increase in the medium to longer term.

20. To achieve and maintain a sustainable economy that provides prosperity and opportunities for all

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21. To encourage the development of a buoyant, sustainable tourism sector

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22. To develop and maintain a skilled workforce to support long-term competitiveness

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Summary This policy requires a higher standard of sustainable construction than existing Building Regulations on new residential, office (B1) or retail and related development (excluding extensions)prior to 2013 when an equivalent standard to that required by this policy will be reached. The short term impacts of the policy will be limited by the existing stock of planning permissions granted before the requirements of this policy became operational. Omitting any consideration of the impacts of changes to national regulations, which is considered within the cumulative impacts table, the effects of this policy will increase in the medium to longer term. The policy requires the incorporation of passive solar design measures and low or zero carbon technologies on new residential (including conversions), office (B1) or retail and related development (excluding extensions). For these reasons, the policy has a strongly beneficial impact on energy efficiency, but also on many other sustainability objectives including flooding, crime, water quality, biodiversity, air and water quality. It would have a particular effect on water efficiency and waste which are mandatory elements of the Code. The precise impact on other issues is more difficult to predict because the Code is flexible and conformance to the required standards may be achieved by combining a variety of different sustainability measures. There may be some conflict between the requirements for energy efficiency and the character of historic buildings and the reasoned justification indicates that this will be resolved on a case by case basis. There may also be some conflict with the affordability of homes in the short term although Housing Corporation funding (which supports the construction of affordable housing) now requires achievement of Code Level 3 and the viability criterion in the policy will help limit any additional costs in the short term. The policy allows for flexibility if full compliance with the requirements would render a scheme undeliverable. Mitigation proposals None


4. Climate Change Mitigation – Waste Minimisation

Policy CC2: 1. Proposals for development will not be permitted unless they are designed and constructed to minimise waste production and associated impacts through the re-use of construction and demolition materials. 2. For redevelopment proposals, where demolition forms part of a new build process, and also for new build proposals, the ICE Demolition Protocol will be required to be followed to maximise the potential for the re-use of demolition waste. 3. Site Waste Management Plans, when required, must include procedures for minimising waste produced on site as well as sorting, re-using and recycling the waste that is produced. 4. Proposals for development will not be permitted unless they incorporate adequate space for the storage of recyclable and non-recyclable waste, where different waste streams can be segregated and collected, and, in the case of residential schemes, each dwelling with private garden space is equipped, where practicable, with a composting bin. In addition to Policy CC2, regard must be paid to the Kent Design SPD. This SPD provides guidance on ‘Sustainable Materials’, Sustainable Construction’ and ‘Waste Minimisation and Recycling’.


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The proposed policy would reinforce guidance in Kent Design to ensure sustainable construction techniques and encourage recycling. The cost of sorting and re-using materials will to some extent be counter-balanced by the reduction by the cost of new materials to site.

2. Reduce and manage the risk of flooding - - - 3. To improve the health and well-being of the population and reduce inequalities in health

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This policy requires the reuse of construction and demolition materials The incorporation of adequate space for storage of waste may have a marginal impact on property size and density but, careful design solutions should overcome this.


Waste minimisation during and post construction will reduce the transportation and processing of waste which will reduce air pollution. Less wastage reduces the environmental impact of extraction, manufacture and transport of materials. Re-use of construction and demolition materials reduces the environmental impact of extraction and manufacture of materials.


Waste minimisation during and post construction will reduce the transportation and processing of waste which will reduce carbon and other emissions contributing to global warming. Less wastage reduces the environmental impact of landfill or land raising and the extraction, manufacture and transport of materials.


( ) ( ) ( ) Waste minimisation reduces the risk of waste products contaminating natural habitats. Less wastage reduces the environmental impact of landfill or land raising and the extraction of materials which may have a beneficial impact on landscapes.

14. To protect and enhance the historic environment - - - 15. To protect and enhance the countryside ( ) ( ) ( ) Waste minimisation reduces the risk of waste products contaminating natural

habitats. Less wastage reduces the environmental impact of landfill or land raising and the extraction of materials which may a beneficial impact on landscapes.


Waste minimisation during construction will reduce the transportation of materials and waste, thereby reducing the number of lorry trips.


The policy will have significant beneficial impacts on this objective by minimising waste production and associated impacts during demolition and construction and maximising the sorting, re-using and recycling of waste that is produced. It also encourages the sorting and recycling of waste post-construction by requiring storage facilities for sorted waste and provision of compost bins.


( ) ( ) ( ) Waste minimisation reduces the risk of waste products contaminating water habitats.

19. To increase energy efficiency and the proportion of energy generated from renewable sources in the Borough

Waste minimisation should reduce energy consumption in the extraction, manufacture and transport of materials and the transport and disposal of waste.


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Summary The policy requires developers to address two particular aspects of waste minimisation namely the reuse of construction and demolition materials and facilitation of storage, re-use, recycling and composting. Developers would be expected to maximise the potential for the re-use of demolition waste need. This would bring significant benefit in meeting the objective to reduce waste generation and disposal but it would also indirectly support a number of other objectives particularly in relation to the re-use of building materials, energy conservation and reducing emissions that contribute to global warming.. Mitigation proposals None

SUSTAINABILITY APPRAISAL REPORT

MANAGING DEVELOPMENT AND THE ENVIRONMENT DPD JANUARY 2009

4. Climate Change Adaptation – Sustainable Drainage

Policy CC3: 1. Development will not be permitted if it has an unacceptable effect on the water environment, including surface water and groundwater quality and quantity, river corridors and associated wetlands. 2. Development proposals will not be permitted unless they incorporate sustainable drainage systems (SUDS) appropriate to the local ground water and soil conditions, local drainage regimes and in accordance with the Groundwater Regulations. Where soil permeability is low, rainwater harvesting and/or green roofs should, where practicable, be integrated into the design of the development. 3. Where SUDS are used, they will be required, where appropriate and practicable, to deliver recreation and wildlife benefits. 4. Development proposals incorporating SUDS must include an agreement to ensure future management, maintenance and replacement, when necessary, of the SUDS structures. 5. Where it is not practicable to use SUDS, the development proposal will need to demonstrate that an appropriate alternative means of surface water drainage to ground watercourses or surface water sewers is incorporated.


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2. Reduce and manage the risk of flooding Natural drainage water systems will reduce the risk of flooding if they are appropriately designed. The policy protects wetlands which have an important role in ‘holding’ heavy rainfalls and slowing down flood flows.


( ) ( ) ( ) Any open water features associated with SUDS may present safety (small children) or health (insects) issues. Careful design and management will be required. SUDS features such as wetlands, streams and ponds may enhance the attractiveness and amenity of developments, enhancing wellbeing. The policy protects health by preventing contamination of water environments which could be harmful to health.


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? ? ? The use of SUDS may require a lower density of development to allow for lagoons, channels and wetlands. Efficiency in land use will be increased where such features are multifunctional as promoted in the policy.


( ) ( ) ( ) The use of natural drainage systems may reduce pollution associated with the extraction, manufacture, transport and installation of building materials used in traditional drainage systems.


Increased frequency and scale of flooding events are predicted results of global warming. Natural drainage systems should minimise direct surface run-off from buildings and hardstandings and therefore reduce the risk and impact of flooding. The policy protects wetlands which have an important role in ‘holding’ heavy rainfalls and slowing down flood flows.


Water features constructed to encourage natural drainage can provide valuable wildlife habitats. The policy prevents development that would have an unacceptable effect on the water environment thus protecting aquatic habitats and wetlands.

14. To protect and enhance the historic environment ( ) ( ) ( ) Measures to reduce risk of flooding should help to protect the historic environment. However, it may be difficult to introduce certain SUDS techniques in some historic environments, but not all techniques are required to be used on each scheme.

15. To protect and enhance the countryside Natural drainage installations can enhance the landscape and reduce damage through flooding. The policy requires agreements to ensure future management of SUDS structures. Protection of the water environment including river corridors and associated wetlands should help to preserve countryside character.


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Natural drainage should assist in protecting water quality and groundwater supplies. It is a sustainable form of water resources management. The policy ensures that development does not have an unacceptable effect on the water environment.


( ) ( ) ( ) The use of natural drainage systems may reduce energy use associated with the extraction, manufacture, transport and installation of building materials used in traditional drainage systems.


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( ) ( ) ( ) The policy protects the quality of water environments including river corridors and wetlands which may have tourist value.


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Summary The policy seeks to protect water environments and to require appropriate, managed Sustainable Drainage Systems where practicable and hence will significantly benefit objectives relating to water quality, flood control, climate change, species diversity, sustainable homes and countryside character and may benefit energy efficiency, tourism, the historic environment, health and air pollution. The impact on efficiency of land use is uncertain. Mitigation proposals None


4. Climate Change Adaptation – Winter Water Storage

Policy CC4: 1.The development of winter water storage reservoirs and other forms of water harvesting will be encouraged, particularly on farms, as a means of reducing summer abstraction from existing water resources. 2. Reservoirs should be designed, where appropriate and practicable, to incorporate wildlife and landscape features including permanent deep water, shallow berms and islands and include marginal planting, hedges or shelter belts and embankments sown with traditional grass and wildflower mixes.


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2. Reduce and manage the risk of flooding This policy would contain flood water and put it to beneficial use. 3. To improve the health and well-being of the population and reduce inequalities in health

( ) ( ) ( ) Storage reservoirs might provide opportunities for active recreation.


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This policy would help the Borough to prepare for and adapt to the impacts of climate change by controlling flood waters during the predicted wetter winters and using them to reduce water abstraction during the hotter, drier summers.


Local winter storage reservoirs would provide new habitats. Reduced summer abstraction would benefit existing habitats. Current abstraction levels are harming local ecology in some areas. The policy seeks to maximise the wildlife value of new storage reservoirs.

14. To protect and enhance the historic environment - - - 15. To protect and enhance the countryside ( ) ( ) ( ) Large storage reservoirs and accompanying infrastructure may have a

damaging impact on the countryside but successful schemes would protect from flood damage and create new landscape features. The good practice encouraged by the policy and supporting text should ensure that reservoirs enhance landscape value.


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This approach could have a very beneficial impact on the objective by controlling flood water and reducing demand for water abstraction during the summer months which can have a harmful impact on water quality.


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20. To achieve and maintain a sustainable economy that provides prosperity and opportunities for all ( ) ( ) ( )

Construction could create new local employment opportunities and reduce water costs for local landowners. Reservoirs may have recreational potential which could contribute provide some job opportunities.


The reservoirs could have potential for recreational uses including fishing and bird watching. .


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Summary South East England is currently experiencing severe pressure on water supplies and the situation is likely to be exacerbated by climate change. This policy seeks to encourage storage of rainwater to reduce abstraction over the summer months. It also seeks to maximise the wildlife and landscape value of any water storage reservoirs. It will therefore have a beneficial impact on water quality and sustainable water resources management, the risk of flooding, adapting to climate change and biodiversity, If well-designed, the reservoirs may have a positive impact on landscape and human health. They may benefit the rural economy and tourism. The success of this policy depends on achieving strong partnerships with landowners and environmental bodies. Mitigation proposals None


5. Natural Environment Local Sites of Wildlife, Geological and Geomorphological Interest

Policy NE1: 1. Development that adversely affects either directly, indirectly or cumulatively a Local Wildlife Site (LWS), Regionally Important Geological Site (RIGS) or Local Nature Reserve (LNR), as identified and on the Proposals Map and listed under in Policy Annex NE1, will not be permitted unless it can be demonstrated that the benefits of the development override the need to safeguard the nature conservation value or particular geological or geomorphological interest of the site and that adverse impacts can be adequately compensated. 2. Where development may exceptionally be justified, development must minimise harm to the nature conservation interest of the site, and re-establish and enhance the habitat, or nature conservation features lost. Planning conditions or obligations will be used to protect the site’s nature conservation interest and to provide appropriate compensatory measures and site management.


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2. Reduce and manage the risk of flooding ( ) ( ) ( ) Some of the local wildlife sites and sites of geological interest lie within areas at high risk of flooding. Protection or enhancement might manage the negative impacts of flooding by avoiding inappropriate development and retaining or enhancing natural drainage.


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( ) ( ) ( ) Local Wildlife Sites, Regionally Important Geological Sites and Local Nature Reserves may act as an educational resource or provide a site for scientific study.



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( ) ( ) ( ) Protecting or enhancing natural areas will help to maintain existing carbon sinks. Plants absorb carbon dioxide which contributes to global warming. It would also help to protect existing colonies of species.


This policy seeks to protect wildlife and geological sites of local importance. Where development is permitted the adverse impact must be minimised and compensated. Where habitat or nature conservation features are lost, they must be re-established and enhanced.

14. To protect and enhance the historic environment This policy seeks to protect geological sites of local importance. Where development is permitted the adverse impact must be minimised and compensated.

15. To protect and enhance the countryside This policy protects or enhances existing natural environments which may have landscape value and will therefore protect or enhance the character of the countryside.


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Protection or enhancement of natural areas may help to maintain water quality by avoiding inappropriate development near water courses and retaining natural drainage.


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? ? ? Protection of wildlife and geological areas may protect features important to the character of the area which are attractive to tourists, but equally may involve restricting access for tourism and recreation.


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Summary This policy seeks to protect geodiversity and species diversity. In protecting natural habitats it could help to manage air pollution, water quality, the effects of climate change, flood risk and protect the character of the countryside. The impact on the tourism sector is difficult to determine. This policy protects existing diversity by ensuring that any harm to the value of the sites is minimised and compensated for. In exceptional cases where protected habitat or nature conservation features are lost, the policy requires re-establishment and enhancement. Mitigation proposals None



5. Natural Environment Habitat Networks

Policy NE2: 1. The biodiversity of the Borough and in particular priority habitats, species and features, will be protected, conserved and enhanced. 2. The restoration and creation of new habitats will be pursued where these promote permeability and contribute to the UK and Kent Biodiversity Action Plan targets having regard to the areas of biodiversity opportunity identified on the Green Infrastructure Network Diagram.


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2. Reduce and manage the risk of flooding Enhancing green networks and protecting existing habitats provides opportunities to reduce the risk and impact of flooding by avoiding inappropriate development and retaining and enhancing natural flood control .


Enhancing the Green Infrastructure Network could provide some opportunities for linked spaces and networks for safe off-road walking and cycling routes, sport and recreation




Creation of green infrastructure networks could improve access to open space, countryside, services and facilities for non-car owners.


( ) ( ) ( ) Habitats, species and features may act as an educational resource or provide a site for scientific study.


7. To create and sustain vibrant communities The creation of a green infrastructure network could contribute to quality of life by enhancing opportunities for informal recreation and would enhance alternative transport links.

8. To improve accessibility for everyone to all services and facilities

Enhancement of Green Infrastructure Networks could provide opportunities for linked open spaces and networks for safe off-road walking and cycling routes.


Enhancement of Green Infrastructure Networks could provide opportunities for improved access to, and interpretation of, the countryside.


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Protecting and enhancing natural habitats can reduce air pollution as plants absorb gaseous pollutants and trap particulates. Creation of new habitats could improve air quality and provide opportunities for linked spaces and safe off-road walking and cycling routes thus increasing travel choice and potential reductions in pollution.


Protecting and enhancing natural areas, will help to retain and create carbon sinks and introduce natural flood control. Plants absorb carbon dioxide which contributes to global warming. Plants can also have a local cooling effect. Enhancing habitat networks and permeability will assist wildlife to adapt to climate change through migration. Creation of habitat networks could provide opportunities for linked spaces and safe off-road walking and cycling routes thus increasing travel choice and reducing carbon emissions.


This policy seeks both to protect and enhance species diversity through the protection and enhancement of existing habitats and the creation of new habitats in accordance with local and national targets. Reinforcing the Green Infrastructure Network and permeability could have significant beneficial impacts on the diversity of species and their ability to adapt to climate change.

14. To protect and enhance the historic environment ? ? ? The creation of new areas of habitat could enhance the setting of historic buildings but may equally be inappropriate in some historic environments.

15. To protect and enhance the countryside Protection and enhancement of biodiversity will assist to protect and enhance the countryside. Habitat creation offers the potential to enhance landscapes.


Enhancement of Green Infrastructure Networks could provide opportunities for safe off-road walking and cycling routes thus increasing travel choice and encouraging energy efficient modes.


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Protection and enhancement of rivers and surrounding land will help to maintain water quality by avoiding inappropriate development and retaining natural drainage. Creation of new habitats could take place along river corridors.


Enhancement of Green Infrastructure Networks could provide opportunities for safe off-road walking and cycling routes thus increasing travel choice and encouraging energy efficient modes.


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Creation of new multifunctional open space offers opportunities for tourism and recreation.


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Summary This policy sets out an intention to protect and enhance biodiversity on a Borough-wide basis and to create new habitats which promote permeability and are linked to local and national biodiversity targets and reinforcement of a green infrastructure network. It has the potential to have a significant impact on species diversity, preserving countryside character, air and water quality, flood risk and climate change objectives. The multifunctional role of the Green Infrastructure Network could ensure benefits to public health, accessibility, cultural activity, social exclusion, travel choice, energy efficiency and contribute to the vibrancy of communities and the tourism sector. The broad scope of the policy means that the potential benefits are very significant but policy effectiveness will depend on the proactive approach of the Borough Council and successful negotiation with developers and other partners. Mitigation proposals None



5. Natural Environment Impact of Development on Local Biodiversity

Policy NE3: 1. Development that would adversely affect biodiversity or the value of wildlife habitats across the Borough will only be permitted if appropriate mitigation and/or compensation measures are provided which would result in overall betterment. 2. Proposals for development must make provision for the retention of the habitat and protection of its wildlife links. Opportunities to maximise the creation of new corridors and improve permeability and ecological conservation value will be sought. 3. Where development is permitted the Council will impose conditions, where necessary and appropriate, and/or planning obligations will be sought, subject to all of the following criteria;

(a) minimising disturbance; (b) protecting and enhancing the site's ecological conservation value and extent; (c) contributing towards the objectives of the Kent Biodiversity Action Plan; (d) ensuring appropriate management and monitoring; and (e) creating new or replacement habitats of enhanced ecological value and extent if

damage to or loss of the site is unavoidable in order to reinforce the Green Infrastructure Network as illustrated on the Diagram


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2. Reduce and manage the risk of flooding Enhancing green networks and protecting existing habitats provides opportunities to reduce the risk and impact of flooding by avoiding inappropriate development and retaining and enhancing natural flood control.


Where new or replacement habitats are created which reinforce the Green Infrastructure Network, opportunities may arise for safe off-road walking and cycling routes, sport and recreation.


Where new or replacement habitats are created which reinforce the Green Infrastructure Network, opportunities may arise to improve access to open space, countryside, services and facilities for non-car owners.


( ) ( ) ( ) Habitats, species and features may act as an educational resource or provide a site for scientific study.


7. To create and sustain vibrant communities Reinforcement of the Green Infrastructure Network could contribute to quality of life by enhancing opportunities for sport and recreation and would enhance alternative transport networks.


Where new or replacement habitats are created which reinforce the Green Infrastructure Network, opportunities may arise for safe off-road walking and cycling routes.


Reinforcement of Green Infrastructure Networks could provide opportunities for improved access to, and interpretation of, the countryside.


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Habitat protection and enhancement on development sites could create carbon sinks and improve air quality as plants absorb gaseous pollutants and trap particulates. Reinforcement of Green Infrastructure Networks could provide opportunities for safe off-road walking and cycling routes thus increasing travel choice and potential reductions in pollution.


Natural habitats can act as carbon sinks, reduce the impact of climate change and help to reduce the risk of flooding. Enhancing habitat networks and permeability will assist wildlife to adapt to climate change through migration. Reinforcement of open space networks could provide safe off-road walking and cycling routes thus increasing travel choice and reducing carbon emissions.


This policy would ensure that measures to protect and enhance biodiversity would be required on all development proposals. Where harm or loss results from development, the policy requires mitigation and/or compensation measures which would result in overall betterment. The reinforcement of green networks and permeability would benefit the ability of species to adapt to climate change.

14. To protect and enhance the historic environment ? ? ? The creation of new areas of habitat could enhance the setting of historic buildings but may equally be inappropriate in some historic environments.

15. To protect and enhance the countryside Retention and enhancement of habitats may assist to protect and enhance the countryside.


Reinforcement of green networks could provide opportunities for safe off-road walking and cycling routes thus increasing travel choice and reducing carbon emissions.


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Beneficial impacts could result on riverside developments if the habitats provided a buffer between the development and the river and enhanced natural drainage.


Reinforcement of green networks could provide opportunities for safe off-road walking and cycling routes thus increasing travel choice and encouraging energy efficient modes.


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Reinforcement of green networks offers opportunities for tourism and recreation.


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Summary The policy ensures that biodiversity is taken into account in all development proposals, not just within designated areas, and that development protects and enhances ecological conservation value. This will benefit species diversity but will also have a beneficial impact on countryside character, air and water quality and flood control. Where unavoidable loss or damage takes place, new or replacement habitats are required which would reinforce the Green Infrastructure Network. This could benefit objectives on public health, social exclusion, accessibility, vibrant communities, culture, travel choice, climate change, energy efficiency and tourism. Retention of natural habitats may have a negative impact on building densities and therefore efficiency of land use. Mitigation proposals None



5. Natural Environment Trees, Hedgerows and Woodland

Policy NE4: 1 The extent of tree cover and the hedgerow network should be maintained and enhanced. Provision should be made for the creation of new woodland and hedgerows, especially indigenous broad-leaved species, at appropriate locations to support and enhance the Green Infrastructure Network as illustrated on the Diagram. This includes provision of new habitats as part of development proposals. 2. Development that would result in the net loss or deterioration of woodland will only be permitted if all of the following tests are met:

(a) development cannot reasonably be located on an alternative site; (b) the need for development clearly outweighs any harm which may be caused to

the ecological, archaeological and landscape value of the woodland; and (c) harm can be reduced to acceptable limits through the implementation of

positive environmental mitigation measures within the site or by replacement planting elsewhere or enhanced management.

3. Ancient woodland will be protected, and where possible, enhanced through improved management, unless it can be demonstrated that there are exceptional reasons in the public interest for the development that clearly override the ecological and historical importance of the ancient woodland.




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2. Reduce and manage the risk of flooding ( ) ( ) ( ) Retention and creation of woodland and hedgerows can help to reduce the impact of flooding. However, the most extensive areas of woodland in the Borough are located on higher ground in areas at low risk of flooding and therefore the impact may be minor.


( ) ( ) ( ) Increased tree cover can improve air quality and combat the effects of climate change with consequential benefits to human health. Woodlands provide opportunities for informal active recreation.


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( ) ( ) ( ) Trees, hedgerows and Ancient Woodland may act as an educational resource or provide a site for scientific study.



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( ) ( ) ( ) Retention and enhancement of tree cover, particularly Ancient Woodland, and hedgerows could provide opportunities for improved interpretation of the countryside, dependent on access.


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Enhancing tree cover and hedgerows can reduce air pollution as plants absorb gaseous pollution and trap particulates. .


Retaining and enhancing tree cover and hedgerows may provide carbon sinks, promote natural drainage and produce a local cooling effect which will reduce the impact of climate change. Enhancing habitat networks and hedgerows will assist wildlife to adapt to climate change through migration.


Woodland habitats and hedgerows, particularly ancient woodland, have rich wildlife value and provide migration corridors. However, the Policy does allow for the loss of ancient woodland under some exceptional circumstances which could have a detrimental impact on species diversity particularly immediately following the loss.

14. To protect and enhance the historic environment Ancient woodlands, and long established hedgerows form part of the historic environment of the Borough and their protection through this policy would have a beneficial impact on this objective. The policy takes into account any archaeological value of woodland.

15. To protect and enhance the countryside Woodlands and hedgerows are particularly distinctive landscape features of this part of Kent. This policy will help to preserve and enhance landscape quality. However, the Policy does allow for the loss of woodland under some exceptional circumstances which could have a detrimental impact on the character of the countryside particularly in the short term


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( ) ( ) ( ) Retention of woodland may help to retain water quality by reducing storm run-off.


Sustainably managed woodland can provide a local source of fuel for renewable energy technologies.


Woodlands provide opportunities for timber industries and rural employment.


( ) ( ) ( ) Woodlands and hedgerows contribute to the special landscape quality that attracts tourists to this area. Woodlands may provide opportunities for sustainable tourism.


Retaining and enhancing woodland creates employment opportunities for woodland managers and forestry workers.

Summary This policy seeks to maintain and enhance the extent of tree cover and the hedgerow network and to protect ancient woodland and benefits species biodiversity and countryside protection objectives. It will have a beneficial impact on air and water quality, climate change, flood control, the historic environment, biodiversity and the countryside. Protecting and enhancing woodland could benefit health, renewable energy supplies, rural economies, a skilled workforce and the tourism sector. Enhancing green networks could improve travel choice, energy efficiency, accessibility and social exclusion. The success of the policy in achieving these objectives will depend on its implementation as the wording of the policy allows for the net loss of woodland and hedgerows, including ancient woodland, under some circumstances. The policy may reduce the density of development thereby impacting on efficiency of land use, but it discourages development on greenfield sites. Mitigation proposals None


6. Spatial Quality Landscape and Townscape Protection and Enhancement

Policy SQ1:1Proposals for development will be required to reflect the local distinctiveness, condition and sensitivity to change of the local character areas as defined in the Character Area Appraisals SPD. 2. All new development should protect, conserve and, where possible, enhance: (a) the character and local distinctiveness of the area including its historical and architectural interest and the prevailing level of tranquillity; (b) the distinctive setting of, and relationship between, the pattern of settlement, roads and the landscape, urban form and important views; and (c) the biodiversity value of the area, including patterns of vegetation, property boundaries and water bodies.


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Long term


? ? ? Impact on home design would depend on the distinctive local character.




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Assessment of more deprived areas and locally specific policies could improve character and hence quality of life in these areas in the medium to long term as the policy impacts have a cumulative benefit over time.


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6. To reduce crime and fear of crime ( ) ( ) ( ) Environmental enhancements may reduce crime and fear of crime.

7. To create and sustain vibrant communities ( ) ( ) ( ) Enhancing local character and distinctiveness can contribute to a sense of place and community.


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? ? ? The policy may encourage the refurbishment and reuse of distinctive and characterful buildings but impacts would depend on the locally specific policies which may, for example, seek lower densities in some locations.


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The policy ensures that biodiversity value is protected and enhanceds where possible...

14. To protect and enhance the historic environment The policy ensures that new development is sympathetic to the historic environment and that historic elements are enhanced and protected.

15. To protect and enhance the countryside The policy ensures that development is in character with its surroundings and that important landscape features are retained.


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This policy protects and encourages enhancement of the biodiversity of water bodies. This will help to maintain and possibly improve water quality.


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Sensitive development that enhances the environmental quality of towns and countryside can promote local business, including tourism.


Promoting the local distinctiveness and character of an area can make it more attractive as a tourist destination. The policy protects historical and archaeological assets and tranquil areas..


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Summary This policy would result in, and rely on, locally specific guidelines to ensure that all development is sympathetic to the character and distinctiveness of the area in which it is located. It will have a strongly beneficial impact on the protection and enhancement of the historic environment and the countryside and as a result will benefit vibrant communities, tourism, local economies and will help to close the gap between the most deprived areas and the rest. It will benefit biodiversity and water quality. Other impacts are less certain and will depend on the particular priorities in different character areas. Mitigation proposals None


6. Spatial Quality Historic Environment – Locally Listed Buildings

Policy SQ2: Buildings included within the Local List of Buildings of Architectural or Historic Interest adopted by the Council will be retained wherever possible and protected from development that would harm their setting or local historic or architectural interest.


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? ? ? Impact of the limitations of the retained historic structure on home design and the sustainability of retained buildings would depend on the original structure and the sustainable construction techniques available


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7. To create and sustain vibrant communities ( ) ( ) ( ) Compilation of a Local List in partnership with local groups can help to foster a sense of community. Protecting locally valued buildings may help to foster a sense of civic pride.


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( ) ( ) ( ) Historic buildings may provide venues for cultural events.


The policy seeks the retention of locally listed buildings and, as a consequence, promotes the reuse of existing buildings instead of replacement.


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14. To protect and enhance the historic environment The policy seeks to retain buildings of architectural or historic interest and to protect their settings.

15. To protect and enhance the countryside The policy will help to protect interesting buildings in rural areas which may contribute to countryside character.


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The policy requires the retention of buildings which would reduce waste generation when compared with redevelopment.


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? ? ? The impact on energy efficiency of retaining an older building will depend on the original structure and the energy efficiency measures which could be unobtrusively installed.


( ) ( ) ( ) Retention of locally important buildings may promote local business, including tourism.


Locally listed buildings would make a contribution to the character and distinctiveness of a place and potentially support the tourist sector.


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Summary This policy seeks to resist the demolition of architecturally or historically interesting buildings which are of significant local value but are not listed. It will have a beneficial impact on the historic environment and, depending on locations, the character of the countryside and may support the tourist sector and local communities. It encourages efficient land use and the potential reduction of waste through the retention and potential reuse of buildings. Other impacts are less certain and will depend on the particular construction of the locally listed building. The impact of the policy may be limited in the short term in particular by restricted statutory powers. Mitigation proposals None


6. Spatial Quality Historic Environment – Historic Parks and Gardens

Policy SQ3: Development will not be permitted where it would harm the overall character, integrity or setting of the Historic Parks and Gardens identified on the Proposals Map and listed in Annex SQ3, or which might prejudice their future restoration.


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2. Reduce and manage the risk of flooding ( ) ( ) ( ) Protecting greenfield land from development may help to retain natural drainage in flood risk areas.


Historic parks and gardens with public access can provide opportunities for active recreation.


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Historic parks and gardens can provide venues for cultural events where access is permitted.


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Retention of parks and gardens can help to maintain air quality as plants absorb gaseous pollutants (including carbon dioxide, sulphur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide and ozone) and trap particulates.


Retention of parks and gardens helps to maintain carbon sinks which absorb carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, can help to reduce the risk of flooding and through providing migratory corridors can assist species adaptation to climate change. .


Protection of historic parks and gardens can help to maintain habitats and landscape features.

14. To protect and enhance the historic environment The policy seeks to protect parks and gardens of historic interest and to allow for their restoration.

15. To protect and enhance the countryside Historic parks and gardens make an important contribution to the character of the countryside and provide the setting for country houses.


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( ) ( ) ( ) Protection of parks and gardens may help to protect water resources by preventing inappropriate development and retaining natural drainage.


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Protection of historic parks and gardens with public access and/or which contribute to landscape quality, a sense of place or history can promote tourism.


Protection of historic parks and gardens with public access and/or which contribute to landscape quality, a sense of place or history can promote tourism.


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Summary This policy seeks to protect historic parks and gardens from harmful development or development that might prejudice their future restoration. It will have a beneficial impact on protecting the historic environment. It is also likely to benefit the risk of flooding, air and water quality, the causes of climate change, species diversity and countryside character. Parks and gardens with public access also benefit public health, the tourism sector and provide opportunities for cultural activities. Mitigation proposals None


6. Spatial Quality Quality of Life – Air Quality

Policy SQ4: Development will only be permitted where all of the following criteria are met: (a) the proposed use does not result in a significant deterioration of the air quality of the area, either individually or cumulatively with other proposals or existing uses in the vicinity; (b) proposals would not result in the circumstances that would lead to the creation of a new Air Quality Management Area; (c) proximity to existing potentially air polluting uses will not have a harmful effect on the proposed use; and (d) there is no impact on the air quality of internationally, nationally and locally designated sites of nature conservation interest or appropriate mitigation is proposed to alleviate any such impact.


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Long term




The policy ensures that residential developments are not located in proximity to potentially harmful air polluting uses.


( ) ( ) ( ) Poor air quality is linked to asthma and other health issues. This policy prevents a significant deterioration in air quality through development which will contribute to health and residential amenity and increase well-being of the population in those areas affected.


( ) ( ) ( ) This policy prevents a deterioration in pollution but does not improve the situation.


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7. To create and sustain vibrant communities Maintaining air quality helps to maintain the environmental quality of communities.


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The policy will help to maintain air quality, particularly in protected areas, but it maintains the status quo rather than reducing air pollution. .


Gaseous pollutants including carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxides contribute to global warming. This policy seeks to prevent significant deterioration of air quality and is therefore addressing the causes of climate change.


Air pollution is damaging to natural environments and wildlife. Gaseous pollutants and particulates can be ingested or absorbed by wildlife and changes in the environment caused by acid rain or low level ozone can have very harmful effects on a wide range of plant and animal species. Consequently, the policy would help conserve the diversity of species. The policy specifically prevents deterioration of air quality in designated sites

14. To protect and enhance the historic environment Maintaining air quality can have a beneficial impact in controlling erosion and discolouration of historic buildings.

15. To protect and enhance the countryside Maintaining air quality can help to protect natural environments which contribute to countryside character. Protecting the air quality in protected sites is likely to protect the countryside.


This policy will help to ensure that sustainable travel modes are encouraged in new developments to avoid any significant deterioration of air quality caused through traffic pollution.


This policy will help to ensure that waste products that can cause air pollution are disposed of with minimum impact on air quality.


Air pollutants enter the water cycle and cause damage to aquatic habitats. Consequently, the policy would help maintain water quality.


Carbon monoxide and other air pollutants emitted through energy use can harm air quality. It is likely that this policy will encourage energy efficiency and use of less polluting renewable energy sources to control the impact of new development on air quality.


? ? ? The policy would permit economic development other than that which caused significant deterioration to air quality.


( ) ( ) ( ) Maintaining air quality has a beneficial impact on environmental quality which supports the tourism sector.


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Summary This policy seeks to prevent a significant deterioration of air quality as a result of development and ensures that new development is not located in proximity to potential air polluters that may have a harmful impact. It benefits a range of sustainability objectives which include public health, air and water quality, species diversity, the historic environment, countryside, vibrant communities, climate change, waste generation and energy efficiency. The policy seeks to retain the status quo and does not improve on the current situation. Mitigation proposals None


6. Spatial Quality Quality of Life – Water Supply and Quality

Policy SQ5: 1. All development will be expected to ensure that adequate water and sewerage infrastructure is present or can be provided in order to meet future needs without compromising the quality and supply of services for existing users. 2. Planning permission will only be granted for developments which increase the demand for off-site water and sewerage infrastructure where: (a) sufficient capacity already exists, or (b) extra capacity can be provided in time to serve the development. 3. When there is a water or sewerage capacity problem and there are no programmed off-site infrastructure improvements, planning permission will only be granted if the developer funds, under the relevant water supply legislation, appropriate infrastructure improvements which should be completed prior to occupation.


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Long term


The policy ensures that all new homes have adequate quality water supplies.



2. Reduce and manage the risk of flooding Policy would ensure that adequate waste water infrastructure is in place to prevent sewer flooding.


Inadequate water supplies can have a detrimental impact on health and residential amenity. The policy ensures adequate water supply.


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7. To create and sustain vibrant communities ? ? ? This policy could potentially contribute to sustaining vibrant communities through ensuring the appropriate water supply and quality.


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The principle of the environmental implications of increasing water supplies is addressed in paragraph 6.4.7 of the supporting text to Policy SQ5 although the policy itself does not address the environmental impact of increasing water supplies.

14. To protect and enhance the historic environment - - - 15. To protect and enhance the countryside The principle of the environmental implications of increasing water supplies is

addressed in paragraph 6.4.7 of the supporting text to Policy SQ5 although the policy itself does not address the impact on the character of the countryside of increasing water supplies


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The policy ensures that new development can only take place if water supplies are sufficient to meet demand without compromising water quality or supply. .


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Summary This policy seeks to ensure that water supplies are adequate to meet increased demand generated by new development. This has a potentially significant beneficial impact on building decent, sustainable homes, water quality and sustainable water management. The principle of the environmental implications of increasing water supplies is addressed in paragraph 6.4.7 of the supporting text to Policy SQ5 although the policy itself does not address the environmental implications of increasing water supplies. Mitigation proposals None


6. Spatial Quality Quality of Life - Noise

Policy SQ6: 1. In considering the impact of noise from transport-related sources on proposals for new residential development, the Noise Exposure Categories (NECs) identified in Policy Annex SQ6 will be applied as follows: (a) where noise levels are within NEC A, noise will not usually be a determining issue; (b) where noise levels fall within NEC B, the applicant will be required to demonstrate

that adequate mitigation measures are included in the proposal to reduce noise to a satisfactory level;

(c) where noise levels fall within NEC C, planning permission will not normally be granted;

(d) where noise levels are within NEC D, planning permission will be refused. 2. Proposals for noise-sensitive development (including offices, hospitals, schools, outside amenity space within and adjacent to residential areas and, in respect of noise emanating from non-transport related sources, housing), must not be adversely affected by the impact of existing noise sources through the positioning of buildings, and noise-sensitive rooms within buildings, away from the noise source, through specific detailed design features and through the appropriate use of noise barriers. The applicant will be required to demonstrate that the proposal is not exposed to unacceptable levels of noise relative to the proposed use, having regard to relevant guidance including BS 8823:1999. 3. Proposals for noise-generating development must not have a significant adverse noise impact on any nearby noise-sensitive uses (including offices, hospitals, schools, and, in respect of noise emanating from non-transport related sources, housing). In considering such proposals the LPA will have regard to relevant guidance including BS 4142: 1997. As far as practicable, noise generating developments should be located in areas where noise will not be an important consideration and where its impact can be minimised. Areas where the background noise levels are very low and which are important for their



recreational and amenity value (eg. outside amenity space within and adjacent to residential areas and tranquil countryside areas) will not be considered suitable locations for noisy developments.


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Long term


The policy seeks to protect all new and existing residential development from unacceptable noise levels through the design and location of development and use of mitigating measures.

2. Reduce and manage the risk of flooding - 3. To improve the health and well-being of the population and reduce inequalities in health

The policy seeks to ensure that residential and other noise sensitive uses are protected from unacceptable noise thus ensuring that occupiers are protected from excessive noise levels which are damaging to health and well-being.


? ? ? In the longer term, the policy may have the effect of improving residential amenity and environmental quality in more deprived areas that may currently suffer from higher levels of noise pollution from traffic or industrial uses.


( ) ( ) ( ) The policy may help to ensure a good environmental quality in new school developments.


7. To create and sustain vibrant communities Whilst vibrant communities may be noisy communities, the policy helps to ensure that noise pollution does not harm the enjoyment and functioning of a place.


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The policy will help to promote the peaceful enjoyment of outside amenity space and tranquil areas.


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Protecting tranquil countryside areas and outdoor amenity space from noise-generating development should be beneficial to wildlife.

14. To protect and enhance the historic environment ( ) ( ) ( ) The policy may benefit outdoor amenity spaces of historical interest with recreational amenity from noise-generating development but the policy does not specifically seek to protect the historic environment,

15. To protect and enhance the countryside The policy specifically seeks to protect tranquil countryside areas from noisy developments. This should be significantly beneficial in protecting countryside character.


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? ? ? The policy should help to create a pleasant working environment which may aid productivity but it may restrict suitable locations for industrial enterprises.


The policy should benefit environmental quality which will be beneficial to the tourist sector.


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Summary The policy seeks to ensure that noise-sensitive uses and noise-generating uses are separated and that new residential development is not unacceptably affected by transport –related noise pollution. It helps to ensure that everyone has the opportunity to live in a decent home and is beneficial to public health and well-being. The policy seeks to protect countryside and tranquil outdoor areas from intrusive noise which will benefit species diversity, countryside character and the tourism sector. By protecting environmental quality, particularly in mixed use communities, the policy helps to create and sustain vibrant communities. Mitigation proposals None


6. Spatial Quality Health and Well-being

Policy SQ7: Before proposals for development are permitted, they will need to demonstrate that the following issues have been addressed: (a) the design and layout of the proposal maximise opportunities for healthy living and healthy active lifestyles choices by the residents, workforce or visitors. (b) access to natural green space (see also Policy OS3); (c) the healthcare needs (primary and acute) of the residents that will occupy new residential development have been considered in consultation with the Primary Care Trust and that the most appropriate (on-site or off-site) provision is available or will be made available, by a developer contribution if necessary, before the development is occupied.


Short term

Med term

Long term


The policy seeks to ensure that the design and layout of all new homes benefits the health and well-being of the occupants.

2. Reduce and manage the risk of flooding - - -




The policy seeks to ensure that developments promote the health and well-being of the occupants and that everyone has good access to healthcare facilities. Access to natural green space promotes active lifestyles, provides opportunities for children to play outdoors and can contribute to a sense of well-being.


In the medium to long term the policy should help to improve the well-being of occupants of more deprived areas and improve access to healthcare. The impact will depend on the location of new development proposals.


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7. To create and sustain vibrant communities The policy seeks to promote access to open areas and recreation facilities and should contribute to the vibrancy of communities.


The policy should ensure that new developments have good access to social and public services and recreation and healthcare facilities. Promoting healthy lifestyles is also likely to promote cycling and walking networks which can enhance access to facilities particularly for those without a car.


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? ? ? Promoting healthy lifestyles through provision of natural green spaces may reduce building densities.


Promoting healthy lifestyles through better access to open spaces and recreation facilities and local provision of healthcare, may reduce journey times and encourage use of more sustainable modes of transport, thus reducing air pollution from traffic.


Promoting healthy lifestyles through better access to open spaces and recreation facilities and local provision of healthcare, may reduce journey times and encourage use of more sustainable modes of transport, thus reducing carbon emissions.


( ) ( ) ( ) Where provided, green open spaces could have wildlife value.

14. To protect and enhance the historic environment - - - 15. To protect and enhance the countryside - - -


( ) ( ) ( ) Promoting healthy lifestyles may involve better access to open spaces and recreation facilities and local provision of healthcare, and may reduce journey times and encourage use of more sustainable modes of transport, thus reducing road congestion and pollution levels.


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( ) ( ) ( ) Retention and creation of green open spaces may encourage natural drainage and help to protect water quality.


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The policy should help to sustain and enhance the environmental quality and functionality of workplaces and the health and productivity of the workforce.


( ) ( ) ( ) The policy may help to sustain and enhance public open spaces in the Borough creating a pleasant environment for tourists.


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Summary This policy seeks to encourage healthy lifestyles through the design and layout of all types of development and to ensure access to necessary healthcare. This will benefit sustainable homes, health and well-being, vibrant communities, tourism and business. The potential creation and enhancement of recreation and leisure facilities, natural green areas and possibly cycle paths and footpaths are likely indirectly to benefit air quality, climate change, traffic congestion, species diversity, the countryside and possibly historic environments and water quality. Mitigation proposals None


6. Spatial Quality Road Safety, Transport and Parking

Policy SQ8: 1. Before proposals for development are permitted, they will need to demonstrate that any necessary transport infrastructure, the need for which arises wholly or substantially from the development is in place or is certain to be provided. 2. Development proposals will only be permitted where they would not significantly harm highway safety and where traffic generated by the development can adequately be served by the highway network. 3. Development will not be permitted which involves either the construction of a new access or the increased use of an existing access onto the primary or secondary road network (as defined by the Highway Authority) where a significantly increased risk of crashes or traffic delays would result. No new accesses onto the motorway or trunk road network will be permitted. 4. Development proposals should comply with parking standards which will be set out in a Supplementary Planning Document. 5. Where significant traffic effects on the highway network and/or the environment are identified, the development shall only be allowed with appropriate mitigation measures and these must be provided before the development is used or occupied.




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The policy should assist in maintaining existing road safety levels and to avoid increase risk of crashes or traffic delays. Traffic delays cause increased air pollution which is harmful to health and well-being. Any harmful effects on the environment, which might impact on human health and well-being must be mitigated against. The policy does not seek improvements to road safety. The supporting text supports sustainable modes of transport which might encourage cycling and walking which promote healthy lifestyles.


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6. To reduce crime and fear of crime ( ) ( ) ( ) The provision of appropriate mitigation measures in certain circumstances may reduce opportunities for speeding and dangerous driving which are criminal offences.

7. To create and sustain vibrant communities Avoiding increased risk of crashes and traffic delays and ensuring that transport infrastructure is in place to meet the needs of development, should contribute to the vitality and functioning of communities.


Ensuring that transport infrastructure meets the needs of development and avoiding increased risk of traffic delays should retain or enhance accessibility to services and facilities. However, restricting parking space provision may make access to facilities more difficult unless adequate provision is made for alternative modes of transport. This is encouraged in the supporting text.


Ensuring that transport infrastructure meets the needs of development and avoiding increased risk of traffic delays should retain or enhance accessibility to cultural activities. However, restricting parking space provision may make engagement in activities more difficult unless adequate provision is made for alternative modes of transport. This is encouraged in the supporting text.


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? ? ? The policy seeks to avoid increases in traffic congestion on certain roads and any significant traffic effects on the environment must be mitigated against. However, the policy may result in new road infrastructure which could increase air pollution. Parking standards are not set but standards which limit the availability of parking should have a positive impact on reducing car use and therefore reducing air pollution. The supporting text encourages use of less polluting forms of transport.


? ? ? The policy seeks to avoid increases in traffic congestion on certain roads and any significant traffic effects on the environment must be mitigated against. However, the policy may result in new road infrastructure which could increase carbon emissions which contribute to global warming Parking standards are not set but standards which limit the availability of parking should have a positive impact on reducing car use and therefore reducing carbon emissions, providing that alternative transport modes are available. This is encouraged in the supporting text.


? ? ? Provision of new transport infrastructure may be harmful to biodiversity. The policy only requires mitigation measures where significant harmful effects on the environment are identified.

14. To protect and enhance the historic environment ? ? ? The policy only requires mitigation measures where significant harmful effects on the environment are identified.

15. To protect and enhance the countryside ? ? ? Provision of new transport infrastructure may be harmful to the character of the countryside. The policy only requires mitigation measures where significant harmful effects on the environment are identified


( ) ( ) ( ) Provision of adequate transport infrastructure should limit road congestion. The supporting text encourages the use of sustainable modes of transport which should increase travel choice.


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( ) ( ) ( ) The supporting text encourages the use of alternative modes of transport which should be more energy efficient. However, any highway improvements may generate additional motorised traffic.


( ) ( ) ( ) Ensuring that transport infrastructure is adequate to meet the needs of development should have a beneficial impact on creating a favourable business environment. However, limiting parking spaces may divert business away from town and village centres within the Borough unless adequate alternative modes of transport are in place. This is encouraged in the supporting text.


( ) ( ) ( ) Ensuring that transport infrastructure is adequate to meet the needs of development should enhance access to tourist facilities. However, limiting parking spaces may deter tourists unless adequate alternative modes of transport are in place. This is encouraged in the supporting text.


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Summary This policy seeks to ensure that transport infrastructure is adequate to meet the needs of development, that access onto major roads does not harm road safety or increase traffic congestion, that new development complies with local parking standards and that any significant harmful impacts of development on the highway network or the environment are mitigated against. The impact of the policy is difficult to access because it depends to what extent the new transport infrastructure is car related or encourages alternative modes. The supporting text encourages the use of sustainable modes of transport, but it is not mentioned in the policy. The parking standards have yet to be determined, but their success in reducing reliance on car transport will depend on the standards set, the location of development and the availability of alternative modes. The impact of parking standards on accessibility to local shops, industry and commerce, facilities and tourism enterprises will again be dependent on the availability of alternative modes. Strict standards may deter customers if not supported by comprehensive transport measures. Therefore the impact of this policy will to a large degree depend on other transport policies and town centre strategies. Mitigation proposals None


6. Spatial Quality Crime and Disorder

Policy SQ9: 1. Development proposals for 10 or more dwellings or for commercial developments of more than 1,000 sq m will only be permitted if they can demonstrate how the design and layout will deter crime, and reduce the fear of crime and anti-social behaviour and that, where appropriate, measures such as the provision of on or off-site CCTV have been considered. 2. In areas where there is a concentration of night time economy uses such as bars, restaurants, cinemas, clubs, dance halls and hot food takeaways, development proposals will only be permitted where they can demonstrate that there will be no harm to the safety and security, or perceptions of safety and security, of people and property in that location, and that suitable measures will be in place to manage crime and anti-social behaviour.


Short term

Med term

Long term


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Measures to reduce crime and disorder and to control anti-social behaviour should help to reduce fear and anxiety and to promote well-being. The policy should assist in reducing drink-related assaults and accidents.


Reducing crime and anti-social behaviour is beneficial to neighbourhoods and to vulnerable individuals such as the elderly who may become marginalised due to fear. Such measures can also assist in preventing the development of ‘no-go’ areas.


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6. To reduce crime and fear of crime The layout and design of developments can have a significant impact on crime levels and fear of crime. This policy should encourage developments that give occupiers a sense of safety and security. Drink-related anti-social behaviour can escalate into vandalism and violent crime. This policy seeks to put measures in place to reduce and manage crime and anti-social behaviour.

7. To create and sustain vibrant communities There is an inherent tension between supporting vibrant, lively communities and the evening economy, whilst controlling and managing noise, disruption and anti-social behaviour. This policy requires that new premises will not increase anti-social behaviour and may therefore encourage more people to enjoy food and drink outlets without anxiety.


? ? ? This policy may have the effect of reducing the number of new food and drink outlets and clubs but only where a concentration already exists.


Measures to control crime and disorder should allow people to enjoy, and encourage people to participate in, cultural activities.


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14. To protect and enhance the historic environment ( ) ( ) ( ) These measures may reduce vandalism. 15. To protect and enhance the countryside - - -


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There is an inherent tension between supporting the evening economy, whilst controlling and managing noise, disruption and anti-social behaviour. This policy requires that new premises will not increase anti-social behaviour and may therefore encourage more people to enjoy food and drink outlets without anxiety.


There is an inherent tension between supporting evening activities and entertainment, whilst controlling and managing noise, disruption and anti-social behaviour. This policy requires that new premises will not increase anti-social behaviour and may therefore encourage more tourist visits.


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Summary This policy seeks to ensure reducing crime and disorder is taken into account in the design and layout of all commercial and larger residential developments. It also seeks to avoid increases in anti-social behaviour related to new bars, clubs and food outlets. The policy should benefit health and well-being, reducing crime and fear of crime, social exclusion, cultural activities, vibrant communities, the economy and tourism sector. The impact of the policy on these last three objectives will depend on the policy being implemented without discouraging the evening economy. Mitigation proposals None


7. Development in the Countryside Rural Buildings – Re-use of Rural Buildings

Policy DC1: 1. Proposals for the reuse of existing rural buildings that are of permanent and sound construction and capable of conversion without major or complete reconstruction (as demonstrated by a structural survey) for commercial, industrial, recreation or tourist development will be permitted subject to all of the following criteria:

(a) the building, and any alterations proposed as part of the conversion, are of a form, bulk and general design and of materials which are in keeping with the character of the area in which it is located as defined in the Character Area Appraisal SPD;

(b) the proposed use is acceptable in terms of residential and rural amenity, highway impacts and the use of land surrounding the buildings, and can be accommodated without requiring the erection of extensions or ancillary buildings. If appropriate, conditions will be imposed removing permitted development rights;

(c) the proposed use does not result in the fragmentation and/or severance of an agricultural land holding creating a non-viable agricultural unit;

(d) any landscaping scheme for the site is appropriate to its rural location having regard to the Character Area Appraisals SPD;

(e) the proposed use does not result in a negative impact upon protected species; and (f) in the case of buildings of architectural or historic interest, conversion would not:

• be detrimental to the architectural or historic character of the building, including any archaeological or technological interest it may have, its group value with any other historic buildings, or its setting; or

• result in the loss of important features relating to the original fabric, the external character of the building, associated archaeological remains or its internal spatial qualities.



2. In the case of proposals for the conversion of such buildings for residential use, permission will not be granted where there is any conflict with sub- paragraphs (a) to (f) of Part 1 of this Policy, or where: (a) the proposal would result in an unacceptable residential environment arising from operations or uses nearby; or (b) the scale and nature of the proposed residential curtilage around the building, particularly in respect of domestic paraphernalia, results in an adverse impact on the rural character or appearance of the countryside ss defined in the Character Area Appraisals SPD. 3. Where rural buildings, including outbuildings within the curtilage, have been converted, subsequent proposals requiring planning permission to extend such buildings or to erect ancillary buildings will not normally be granted.


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This policy allows for conversion to residential use, makes it clear that the buildings should be of sound construction and ensures an acceptable residential environment and residential amenity.


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7. To create and sustain vibrant communities Sensitive re-use of rural buildings can assist diversification and support rural employment.


( ) ( ) ( ) Re-use of rural buildings may allow for the provision of local services and facilities.


( ) ( ) ( ) Re-use of rural buildings may allow for the provision of recreation and tourism development.


This policy promotes the re-use of buildings in rural areas which will have a very positive impact on this objective in the medium to longer term as the influence of the policy affects more development over time.


? ? ? The impact of this Policy depends on the new use proposed and the traffic that it generates. Uses generating high levels of traffic would have a detrimental impact on this objective, whilst provision of local services and employment opportunities could reduce the traffic movements of employees.


? ? ? The impact of this Policy depends on the new use proposed and the traffic that it generates. Uses generating pollutants that contribute to global warming or high levels of traffic would have a detrimental impact on this objective, whilst provision of local employment opportunities and services could reduce the traffic movements of employees and clients and therefore have a positive impact. .


The policy directly ensures that protected species are not harmed. It also restricts new development in the countryside, prevents over-fragmentation of agricultural holdings, requires appropriate landscaping and protects countryside character. These measures should have indirect beneficial impacts on the diversity of species. Reuse of existing buildings may offer the opportunity to conserve or create habitats for resident species.

14. To protect and enhance the historic environment Restricting development to that which is in keeping with local Character Area Appraisals and which encourages sensitive design will have a very beneficial impact on this objective particularly in the longer term as the influence of the policy affects more development. This policy ensures that the historical value of buildings is protected. New buildings are expected to be in keeping with the character area in relation to form, bulk and general design.

15. To protect and enhance the countryside Restricting development to that which is in keeping with local Character Area Appraisals and which encourages sensitive design will have a very positive impact on this objective in the medium to longer term as the influence of the policy affects more development over time. Development will not be permitted where they would have an adverse impact on rural character or the appearance of the countryside.


? ? ? The impact of this Policy depends on the new use proposed and the traffic that it generates. Traffic generating uses could have a detrimental impact on this objective, whilst provision of local employment opportunities and services could reduce traffic movements.

17. To reduce waste generation and disposal, and achieve - - -

the sustainable management of waste 18. To maintain and improve the water quality of the Borough’s rivers and to achieve sustainable water resources management

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( ) ( ) ( ) This policy permits sensitive commercial development which facilitates rural diversification and prevents fragmentation of agricultural units. Paragraph 7.3.1 states a preference for re-use for economic development purposes but the Policy as worded does not achieve this and therefore the impact is uncertain and does not maximise its impact on this objective.


( ) ( ) ( ) This policy permits sensitive tourism development as one of the potential uses of converted buildings. As a type of economic development, the policy does not achieve positive discrimination in favour of this use and therefore the impact is uncertain.


? ? ? The impact would depend on the nature of the uses. The priority for economic development purposes is not carried through into policy criteria in relation to the reuse of rural buildings and therefore does not maximise the impact on this objective.

Summary This policy permits the reuse of rural buildings subject to criteria. It therefore supports economic objectives of promoting a sustainable economy and buoyant tourism sector whilst protecting the countryside and historic environment. This policy is based on character areas which would encourage planning decisions to take account of the special features of the area, the fragility of local resources, sensitivity to change and any specific local issues and hence have a significant beneficial effect on protecting and enhancing the countryside. However, whilst the reasoned justification states a preference for re-use for economic development purposes, the Policy as worded does not achieve this and therefore does not maximise its beneficial impact on this objective. The policy should directly and indirectly benefit species diversity. It promotes efficiency in land use and could help to sustain vibrant communities and enhance access to facilities. It protects residential amenity. The impact on air pollution and climate change is not addressed by the policy. Mitigation proposals None


7. Development in the Countryside Rural Buildings - Replacement

Policy DC2: 1. A replacement building in the countryside will be permitted subject to meeting all of the following criteria:

(a) it would not be materially larger than the existing building and it would be appropriate in scale and design to its setting and any neighbouring buildings and to the character of the area within which it is located as defined in the Character Area Appraisals SPD;

(b) the proposal does not result in the fragmentation and/or severance of an agricultural land holding creating a non-viable agricultural unit;

(c) full account is taken of any biodiversity interest in accordance with Policy NE3; (d) is not in an isolated position in relation to infrastructure and services; (e) the demolition of the existing building would not result in the loss of a building of

architectural or historic interest or a building that contributes to local character; and

(f) it will support the local economy. 2. The replacement of non-residential buildings in the countryside with residential development will be considered on the basis that it is new residential development and will therefore also be subject to Core Policy CP14. Proposals in the Green Belt will be considered in light of PPG2.




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This policy allows for redevelopment of a non-residential building to residential use and potentially increases provision of decent homes.


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( ) ( ) ( ) Policy potentially permits affordable housing.


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7. To create and sustain vibrant communities The Policy permits certain residential and economic development required to help sustain rural communities.


( ) ( ) ( ) Replaced rural buildings may provide local services and facilities This depends on the function of the replacement building.


( ) ( ) ( ) Replaced rural buildings may provide recreation and tourism development This depends of the function of the replacement building.


( ) ( ) ( ) This Policy promotes the reuse of previously developed land. Although implicitly mentioned in the supporting text, the Policy does not clarify the circumstances in which reuse would be preferable to replacement.


? ? ? This depends on the use of the original and replacement building and whether there is an increase in traffic levels. The policy requires a suitable location for access to basic services and necessary infrastructure which should minimise any negative impacts. However, neither basic services nor necessary infrastructure are defined in the text to clarify locational requirements.




The Policy avoids the fragmentation of important habitats and protects biodiversity value. The supporting text provides safeguards for protected species.

14. To protect and enhance the historic environment The Policy ensures that buildings of architectural or historic interest are protected. New buildings are expected to be appropriate in scale and design and in keeping with the character of the area and will have a very beneficial impact on this objective particularly in the longer term as the influence of the policy affects more development.

15. To protect and enhance the countryside The Policy and supporting text protect buildings that contribute to local character and require that new buildings are appropriate to the character of the area and bring about an environmental improvement. The beneficial impact on this objective will increase as the influence of the policy affects more development.




(?) (?) (?) Paragraph 7.3.3 states that the Council In the interests of sustainable development the Council will always seek the re-use of rural buildings where possible, in preference to their replacement. The Council will also consider any proposals for the replacement of suitably located, existing buildings of permanent design and construction in the open countryside for economic development purposes in line with the benefits listed in PPS7. However, in line with PPS7, any such proposal will need to result in a more acceptable and sustainable form of development than would be achieved by the conversion of an existing building and bring about an environmental improvement in terms of the impact of the development on its surroundings. There is no reference to including the reuse of materials from buildings This approach may result in increased construction waste and disposal to the detriment of the sustainable management of waste.


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The policy requires that replacement buildings in the countryside support the local economy.


Policy could permit new tourism development as one of the potential uses of converted buildings.


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Summary The Policy encourages efficiency of land use through re-use of previously developed land and could help to maintain a sustainable economy and vibrant communities through supporting rural enterprises. The Policy and supporting text contain measures to protect species diversity, the historic environment and countryside character. This policy is based on character areas which would encourage planning decisions to take account of the special features of the area, the fragility of local resources, sensitivity to change and any specific local issues and hence have a significant beneficial effect on protecting and enhancing the countryside. Affordable housing is exceptionally permitted which could help to reduce social exclusion. The Policy does not clarify how the benefits of reuse against redevelopment will be weighed up and might increase the production of construction waste and disposal. The requirement for redevelopment to support the local economy should have a beneficial impact on the local economy and, potentially, tourism The traffic impacts depend on the use of the replacement building but the policy seeks to minimise any negative impacts by requiring a suitable location for access to services and infrastructure. Mitigation proposals None


7. Development in the Countryside Farm Diversification

Policy DC3: Proposals which form part of farm diversification schemes, where they are directly related to supporting a working farm, will be permitted subject to all of the following criteria being met;

(a) appropriately located existing buildings are re-used where possible in accordance with Policy DC1;

(b) new and replacement development is in scale with the surroundings and well related to any existing buildings on the site in accordance with Core Policy CP14 and Policy DC2;

(c) the impacts of the diversification scheme would not harm the character of the countryside as defined in the Character Area Appraisal SPD by the nature and level of activity or by other effects such as noise or pollution;

(d) the proposal does not result in the fragmentation and/or severance of an agricultural land holding creating a non-viable agricultural unit;

(e) full account is taken of any biodiversity interest in accordance with Policy NE3;


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Farm diversification can bolster rural incomes, support the viability of farms and provide employment opportunities.


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7. To create and sustain vibrant communities ( ) Depending on the new uses proposed, farm diversification can support rural communities by providing new local services, recreational and employment opportunities and by bringing tourists and visitors into the locality which may bolster other local enterprises.


( ) ( ) ( ) Farm diversification schemes may include farm shops and leisure facilities which will improve the local provision of services for rural communities.


( ) ( ) ( ) Farm diversification may provide recreation and tourism development This depends of the functions included within the diversification scheme.


( ) ( ) ( ) The Policy encourages the reuse of buildings and previously developed land but also replacement buildings. There is no reference to including the reuse of materials from buildings.


? ? ? The policy seeks to prevent harmful pollution but farm diversification schemes may increase traffic and hence carbon emissions.


? ? ? Farm diversification schemes may increase traffic levels and hence carbon emissions. Reconstruction in compliance with Core Strategy Policy CP1 should improve the sustainability of the building.


The policy requires that full account is taken of any biodiversity interest .

14. To protect and enhance the historic environment Any new development must be of a scale, form, bulk and general design which is in keeping with surroundings and well related to existing buildings. This should help to retain the setting of any historic buildings on the site and will have a very beneficial impact on this objective particularly in the longer term as the influence of the policy affects more development.

15. To protect and enhance the countryside The Policy requires that diversification would not harm the character of the countryside. Any new development must be of a scale, form, bulk and general design which is in keeping with surroundings and well related to existing buildings. This should help to protect and enhance the countryside and will have a very beneficial impact on this objective particularly in the longer term as the influence of the policy affects more development.


? ? ? The Policy does not address traffic impacts of farm diversification.


(X) (X) (X) The Policy does not indicate a preference for the re-use of sound buildings. There is no reference to the reuse of materials from buildings This approach may result in increased construction waste and disposal to the detriment of the sustainable management of waste.


( ) ( ) ( ) Water quality may be indirectly protected through criterion c.


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Farm diversification can bolster rural incomes, support the viability of farms and provide employment opportunities.


Farm diversification may provide tourism facilities.


Farm diversification may provide a wider range of employment opportunities.

Summary This policy supports the rural economy and has the potential to reduce poverty, improve access to services in rural areas, develop the tourism sector and help to maintain a skilled workforce. It protects species diversity, countryside character and historical assets. It promotes the efficient use of land. The Policy does not clarify how the benefits of reuse against redevelopment will be weighed up and might increase the production of construction waste and disposal. There is no reference to the including the reuse of materials from buildings. This policy is based on character areas which would encourage planning decisions to take account of the special features of the area, the fragility of local resources, sensitivity to change and any specific local issues and hence have a significant beneficial effect on protecting and enhancing the countryside. Mitigation proposals None


7. Development in the Countryside Equestrian Activity

Policy DC4: Planning permission will be granted for equestrian related development subject to all of the following criteria being met: (a) where new or replacement buildings are proposed, it must be demonstrated that the re-use of existing buildings on-site for any equestrian-related use is not practicable; (b) proposals for the construction of new stable buildings and ancillary facilities are of an appropriate scale and design to the locality and do not adversely impact on animal welfare; (c) the specific form, design, siting, layout and materials of any necessary development are in keeping with, and do not individually or cumulatively detract from the character of the area in which it is located as defined in the Character Area Appraisals SPD; (d) there is no adverse impact on amenity and environmental quality of residential or other sensitive uses due to smell, insect infestation, excessive noise, lighting or traffic generation; and (e) the proposal does not result in the fragmentation and/or severance of an agricultural land holding creating a non-viable agricultural unit; (f) full account is taken of any biodiversity interest in accordance with Policy NE3; (g) there is no hazard to road safety.



Proposals should be accompanied by a Land Management Plan setting out proposals for good pasture management (including stocking density), waste management for the storage and disposal of manure, bedding and other waste, fencing details, access routes to bridleways and lighting proposals. In addition, where a proposal is located on a water gathering area, details of foul sewerage disposal (stable washings) must also be provided.


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( ) ( ) ( ) The policy seeks to control impacts that could be harmful to human health and well-being by preventing insect infestations, excessive noise and pollution of water resources.


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New or replacement buildings only permitted if existing buildings are not appropriate. Therefore Policy encourages re-use of existing buildings.


New equestrian facilities may generate additional traffic which could contribute to air pollution. However, the Policy prevents development if the additional traffic generated would have an adverse impact on the environmental quality of sensitive uses due to traffic generation, or on road safety.


? ? ? New equestrian facilities may generate additional traffic which could contribute to carbon emissions.


( ) ( ) ( ) The Policy does not mention protection of biodiversity. However good pasture management and waste management should assist in protecting habitats. The Policy could be more specific in encouraging wildlife friendly management.

14. To protect and enhance the historic environment The Policy requires that the development individually or cumulatively is in keeping with the character of the area.

15. To protect and enhance the countryside The Policy requires that the development individually or cumulatively is in keeping with the character of the area in terms of form, , design, siting, layout and materials. Land management proposals are also required.


? ? ? New equestrian facilities may generate additional traffic depending on the previous use of the site and the development proposed.


The policy expresses a preference for the re-use of existing buildings and this would reduce waste generation caused by redevelopment. Policy requires a land management plan which includes waste management. However Policy does not specifically encourage composting or other sustainable waste management.


There is a risk of nitrates from effluent contaminating water courses. However, waste management plans and measures to ensure adequate foul sewerage disposal should protect water resources from pollution.


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Equestrian facilities can provide opportunities for rural employment.


Equestrian facilities can contribute to the tourism sector.


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Summary This Policy promotes the reuse of buildings, protects historical and countryside character, promotes good management of waste and supports the economy and tourism sector. This policy is based on character areas which would encourage planning decisions to take account of the special features of the area, the fragility of local resources, sensitivity to change and any specific local issues and hence have a significant beneficial effect on protecting and enhancing the countryside. It

should protect biodiversity and water quality. Equestrian facilities in the countryside may generate additional traffic on rural roads depending on the type and size of facilities, location and former uses but the policy contains a criterion to prevent an adverse impact on the environmental quality of sensitive uses due to traffic generation. Mitigation proposals None



7. Development in the Countryside Tourism and Leisure

Policy DC5: Within the rural areas, proposals for new tourism and leisure facilities will be permitted subject to all of the following criteria being met: (a) proposals, either individually or cumulatively, do not detract from the character of the area in which they are located as defined in the Character Area Appraisal SPD; (b) it is appropriately located and existing buildings are re-used where possible in accordance with Policy DC1; (c) it will support the local economy; (d) the amount of any associated new built development is directly related to the proposed use and the minimum required to serve that use; (e) the proposal, either individually or cumulatively with other proposals in the vicinity, avoids the irreversible loss of the best and most versatile agricultural land and suitable measures are adopted to maintain the agricultural potential of the land or generally make the best use of damaged land; (f) the proposal does not result in the fragmentation and/or severance of an agricultural land holding creating a non-viable agricultural unit; (g) full account is taken of any biodiversity interest in accordance with Policy NE3; (h) the proposal is adequately served by the highway network and avoids off-site highway improvements that would have an unacceptable impact on the character of rural lanes (see Policy DC6) and the countryside; (i) there is no hazard to road safety;



(j) suitable provision is made for the protection and, where practicable, the enhancement of the existing rights of way network which may be affected by the proposals, with full regard to the safety of users; and (k) there is no unacceptable adverse impact arising from lighting, traffic generation, activity at unsocial hours or noise. Proposals in the Green Belt will be considered in light of PPG2.


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New leisure facilities and enhanced rights of way increase opportunities for active recreation including sports, walking and cycling which has a beneficial impact on health. Participation in sport and leisure activities contributes to a sense of well being. The policy requires that there is no hazard to road safety.


( ) ( ) ( ) This policy may improve access to leisure facilities in rural areas.


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7. To create and sustain vibrant communities New tourism and leisure facilities may help to support rural communities. 8. To improve accessibility for everyone to all services and facilities

Tourism and leisure facilities in rural areas may improve access to services and facilities. The supporting text promotes access by a range of transport options.


( ) ( ) ( ) The impact depends on the type of facility proposed.


The policy encourages efficient use of land and re-use of existing buildings and the impact on this objective will increase as the policy affects more development.


( ) ( ) ( ) New development in rural areas has the potential to increase traffic movements and therefore to increase air pollution. The policy and supporting text seek to prevent unacceptable adverse impacts from traffic generation and promote access by a range of transport options but the impact will be determined by the location, nature of the facility and former use.


( ) ( ) ( ) New development in rural areas has the potential to increase traffic movements and therefore to increase carbon emissions. The policy seeks to prevent unacceptable adverse impacts from traffic generation and supporting text promotes access by a range of transport modes but the impact will be determined by the location, nature of the facility and former use.


The policy requires full account to be taken of biodiversity interests.

14. To protect and enhance the historic environment The development must not detract from the character of the area as defined by the Character Area Appraisal. This should help to protect the setting of any historical elements in the landscape.

15. To protect and enhance the countryside The development must not detract from the character of the area as defined by the Character Area Appraisal which should ensure that the development is sensitive to its rural surroundings.


( ) ( ) ( ) New development in rural areas has the potential to increase traffic movements and therefore to increase air pollution. The policy seeks to prevent unacceptable adverse impacts from traffic generation and supports access by a range of transport options but the impact will be determined by the location, nature of the facility and former use.


The policy expresses a preference for the re-use of existing buildings and this would reduce waste generation caused by redevelopment.


Re use, reconstruction or new build should improve sustainable water resource management of the building. The policy protects aquatic wildlife habitats from any negative effects caused by water based recreation or other impacts.


Re use, reconstruction or new build in compliance with Core Strategy Policy CP1 should improve the energy efficiency of the building.


The policy requires that new facilities support the rural economy.


New developments would support the tourism sector.


( ) ( ) ( ) Leisure and tourism facilities may provide opportunities for skilled labour.

Summary This policy supports objectives to improve health, reduce social exclusion and improve access to facilities. It could help to sustain vibrant communities and will support the rural economy and tourism sectors. It encourages efficient use of land and re-use of buildings and protects biodiversity and historical and countryside character and should help to protect water quality through protecting habitats. Its impact on traffic congestion, air pollution and carbon emissions are uncertain although the policy seeks to prevent unacceptable adverse impacts arising from traffic generation and the supporting text promotes access by a range of transport modes. Mitigation proposals None



7. Development in the Countryside Rural Lanes

Policy DC6: In the consideration of development proposals which are in the vicinity of, or are served by, rural lanes, permission will only be granted where: (a) the development conserves and, where appropriate, enhances the value of the lane in terms of its landscape, amenity, biodiversity, historic or archaeological importance; and (b) any proposed alterations to the lane are the minimum necessary to serve the proposal in terms of highway safety. Where alterations to the lane are necessary, preference will be given to the use of natural materials in keeping with the character of the area as set out in the Character Area Appraisals SPD.


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( ) ( ) ( ) This Policy seeks to retain the amenity value of rural lanes which may help to retain their use by cyclists and pedestrians


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( ) ( ) ( ) A policy to safeguard rural lanes may inhibit traffic growth on these routes, but is unlikely to reduce current traffic levels.


( ) ( ) ( ) A policy to safeguard rural lanes may inhibit traffic growth on these routes, but is unlikely to reduce current traffic levels.


The policy ensures that development conserves and, where appropriate, enhances the value of the lane in terms of its biodiversity importance.

14. To protect and enhance the historic environment The policy ensures that development conserves and, where appropriate, enhances the value of the lane in terms of historic importance.

15. To protect and enhance the countryside The policy ensures that development conserves and, where appropriate, enhances the value of the lane in terms of its landscape, amenity, historic or archaeological importance.


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There is a tension between safeguarding rural lanes and providing access to rural tourist destinations. Protecting rural lanes can benefit the tourism sector by protecting rural character which is valued by tourists provided that efficient sustainable transport is provided to rural tourist destinations.


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Summary This policy has a specific purpose to protect and, where appropriate, enhance the value of rural lanes. It therefore has a positive impact on protecting the diversity of species, the historic environment and the countryside. It has the potential to inhibit traffic growth on rural lanes and therefore may help to encourage walking, cycling and riding. Safeguarding or enhancing rural lanes should benefit the tourism sector provided that alternative means of access are provided to rural destinations. Mitigation proposals None


7. Development in the Countryside Community Facilities Outside the Settlement Confines

Policy DC7: 1. Proposals for local community facilities outside the built confines of settlements will be permitted where they involve the reuse of existing rural buildings appropriately located and well related to the community they serve in order to improve the social functioning of the settlement to which they relate and are otherwise acceptable in planning terms. 2. Proposals for new buildings for such community facilities will only be permitted subject to meeting all of the following criteria: (a) no alternative accommodation is available either within the confines of the urban areas or villages, or through the conversion of existing buildings under the terms of Policy DC1; (b) the proposal is essential to serve the settlement to which it relates; and (c) there is no adverse impact on the highway network; (d) it would be appropriate in scale and design to its setting and to the character of the area within which it is located as defined in the Character Area Appraisals SPD; (e) the proposal does not result in the fragmentation and/or severance of an agricultural land holding creating a non-viable agricultural unit; (f) full account is taken of any biodiversity interest in accordance with Policy NE3; Proposals within the Green Belt will be subject to PPG2.




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The policy permits community facilities which may improve the health and well-being of the local population.


The policy permits community facilities which may reduce social exclusion in rural areas.


Rural facilities may provide access to learning resources.


7. To create and sustain vibrant communities Community facilities have an important role in sustaining vibrant communities in rural areas.


This policy encourages the local provision of community facilities in accessible locations.


Community facilities may increase access to cultural activities.


This policy strongly encourages the re-use of existing buildings and its beneficial impact is likely to grow as it is applied to more development..


Provision of community facilities which are well related to the community they serve can reduce the frequency and length of car journeys.


Provision of community facilities which are well related to the community they serve can reduce the frequency and length of car journeys, which has a beneficial impact on carbon emissions. .


The policy requires that full account is taken of any biodiversity interest

14. To protect and enhance the historic environment ( ) ( ) ( ) Reuse of existing buildings may help to prevent historic buildings from falling into disrepair.

15. To protect and enhance the countryside ( ) ( ) ( ) This policy inhibits inessential development in the open countryside and requires development to be appropriate in scale and design to its setting and to the character of the area within which it is located as defined in Character Area Appraisals.


Provision of community facilities which are well related to the community they serve can reduce the frequency and length of car journeys and encourage walking and cycling. .


The policy expresses a preference for the re-use of existing buildings and this would reduce waste generation caused by redevelopment


Re use, reconstruction or new build should improve sustainable water resource management of the building. Protection of wildlife habitats would include water habitats.


Re use, reconstruction or new build should improve the energy efficiency of the building.


( ) ( ) ( ) Community facilities may provide employment opportunities and support local business.


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Summary This policy seeks to restrict new development in the open countryside and therefore may help to protect the countryside and species diversity. . In permitting essential community facilities it supports local communities, improves accessibility to services and facilities and could help to reduce social exclusion and improve health and well-being. It increases the accessibility to facilities, opportunities for education and cultural activities. It encourages the local provision of community facilities which are well related to the communities they serve and should therefore have a beneficial impact on reducing the length and number of car journeys and encouraging alternative modes which will benefit air quality and carbon emissions. It could help to support a sustainable rural economy through increasing the self-sufficiency of settlements. Mitigation proposals None


8. Open Space Maintaining an Adequate Supply – Protection of Open Spaces

Policy OS1: 1. Development which would result in the loss of, or reduce the recreational, nature conservation, biodiversity, carbon sink, landscape, amenity and/or historic value of, existing open spaces listed in Policy Annexes OS1A & OS1B and identified on the Proposals Map, and any other open spaces that are provided during the lifetime of the LDF, will not be permitted unless a replacement site is provided which is equivalent or better in terms of quantity, quality and accessibility. 2. The recreational, biodiversity, amenity and/or historic value of existing open spaces of lower quality as listed in Policy Annex OS1B and identified on the Proposals Map, will be enhanced primarily through developer contributions secured from developments in lieu of on-site open space provision (see Policy OS3).


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2. Reduce and manage the risk of flooding ( ) ( ) ( ) Some open spaces may be located within the flood plain and perform a vital role of water storage. Retention of green open spaces assists natural drainage and therefore reduces the risk and impact of flooding.


Protection of existing open space or creation of equivalent or better open space retains or increases opportunities for active recreation. As plants absorb gaseous pollution and trap particles, it can also have a beneficial impact on air quality and hence public health. However, the policy does not specify distance thresholds within which replacement sites should be located. . Where replacement open space is proposed in a different location, there may be a local deterioration in open space in one neighbourhood and an enhancement in another.


This policy could result in new or improved open space provision in areas of open space deficiency. This may increase access to quality open space in more deprived, densely developed areas


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6. To reduce crime and fear of crime Enhancement of low quality open space should reduce crime and fear of crime.

7. To create and sustain vibrant communities Open spaces have considerable community value as places to meet, hold events, play and participate in sport. Protection and enhancement of such spaces is important to sustain vibrant communities.


The policy retains or enhances access to sports, recreation and other facilities, although where replacement open space is provided in another location, there may be a negative impact on access in the neighbourhood where the development takes place.


Accessible open spaces may have value for cultural events including fetes, concerts, plays and historical re-enactments.


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Existing open spaces can act as carbon sinks helping to maintain air quality. They may provide foot, cycle and horse routes, helping to encourage sustainable modes of transport and control traffic pollution. Creation or enhancement of open spaces in areas of open space deficiency will reduce the need to travel by car to recreational facilities.


Protection or replacement of existing open spaces including tree cover and wooded areas can help absorb carbon emissions and reduce the impact of global warming through local cooling effects. The policy seeks to maintain the value of existing open spaces as carbon sinks. The policy may protect foot, cycle and horse routes, helping to encourage sustainable modes of transport and control traffic pollution.


The policy ensures the protection or enhancement of nature conservation and biodiversity value of open space.

14. To protect and enhance the historic environment Under the policy, it is likely that proposals which would harm the historic value of an open space would not be permitted as it is unlikely that the historic value could be replicated on another site. The policy should enable the historic value of poor quality sites to be enhanced in areas of open space deficiency through developer contributions.

15. To protect and enhance the countryside The policy seeks to protect the landscape value of existing open spaces. The retention and/or enhancement of open space may contribute to countryside character depending on the uses proposed. A skateboard park might have a negative impact for example.


( ) ( ) ( ) Open spaces, particularly green corridors may provide opportunities for providing cycling and walking routes. The beneficial impact depends on connectivity with transport networks. Enhancing the accessibility, quantity and quality of open space in areas of open space deficiency will reduce the need to travel by car to recreational facilities.


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Open spaces include rivers. Protection of rivers and surrounding land will help to maintain water quality.


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Open spaces have tourism value. The policy retains or enhances open space provision.


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Summary This policy seeks to protect or enhance open space provision across the borough in terms of its quantity, quality and accessibility. It protects the quality of open space across a broad range of parameters and ensures that the existing provision is protected and that low quality open space is upgraded. Where there is harm to

the quality or quantity of open space, development will only be permitted if replacement open space is provided. This ensures that overall provision in the Borough is retained or improved but may lead to local losses in provision where the replacement is in a different neighbourhood. Mitigation proposals None


8. Open Space Maintaining an Adequate Supply: Allotments

Policy OS2: 1. Unless there is demonstrably no demand, the redevelopment of allotment sites, as listed in Policy Annex OS2 and identified on the Proposals Map, will not be permitted without satisfactory arrangements being made for the provision of alternative facilities before the original allotments are lost. Any such alternative facilities will be required to be provided at easily accessible sites close to the community they will serve and at a level that matches the identified demand. 2. Provision of additional allotment facilities will be supported and encouraged at accessible sites where there is an identified unmet local demand. 3. Boundary treatments and other structures associated with new provision will be required to conserve local character as defined in the Character Area Appraisals SPD. On-site provision of facilities for composting and rainwater harvesting will be encouraged.


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2. Reduce and manage the risk of flooding ( ) ( ) ( ) Retention and creation of allotments may enhance natural drainage which may reduce the risk and impact of flooding. The policy does not set standards for allotment provision and supports and encourages rather than requires. In this way, new provision of additional allotments is likely to be limited and the beneficial impacts on sustainable objectives reduced.


Allotments can benefit health and well-being by encouraging physical exercise and healthy eating. The policy does not set standards for allotment provision and supports and encourages rather than requires. In this way, new provision of additional allotments is likely to be limited and the beneficial impacts on sustainable objectives reduced.


Provision of allotments in deprived areas can provide a cheap source of food for low income families and encourage healthy eating, outdoor activity and social contact for all age groups. The policy does not set standards for allotment provision and supports and encourages rather than requires. In this way, new provision of additional allotments is likely to be limited and the beneficial impacts on sustainable objectives reduced.


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7. To create and sustain vibrant communities Allotments can provide social contact and help sustain vibrant communities . 8. To improve accessibility for everyone to all services and facilities

Allotments must be visited regularly, so retaining local provision is important to allow access by bicycle and on foot. The policy requires that new provision is conveniently accessible to the community it serves.


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Plants absorb gaseous pollutants (including carbon dioxide, sulphur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide and ozone) and trap particulates. Green areas such as allotments help to maintain and improve air quality.


Allotments can act as carbon sinks reducing the causes of climate change. Retention and creation of allotments may enhance natural drainage which may reduce the risk and impact of flooding. Global warming may put increasing pressure on water supplies. The policy encourages rainwater harvesting for watering the plants.


( ) ( ) ( ) Allotments may have wildlife value as hedges, flowers, crops, trees water storage, sheds and other structures provide shelter and food. .

14. To protect and enhance the historic environment ( ) ( ) ( ) Allotments can contribute to the character of urban areas. 15. To protect and enhance the countryside Whilst most allotments are located within settlements, allotments on the edge

of rural settlements may contribute to countryside character. The policy ensures that boundary treatments and other structures conserve local character.


Retaining and increasing allotment facilities in accessible locations to serve local communities promotes walking and cycling and reduces the number and length of car trips. Local access is particularly important as allotments need to be tended frequently.


Waste material can be recycled for compost and used on-site which is a very sustainable form of waste management.


Retention and creation of allotments may enhance natural drainage which helps to protect water quality. The impact of allotments will depend on irrigation methods and the use of chemicals. The policy encourages rainwater harvesting which promotes sustainable water use and composting (which should decrease the use of chemical fertilisers).


Local provision of allotments in accessible locations should encourage non-motorised transport and reduce food miles and hence promote energy efficiency.


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Summary This policy promotes the retention and enhancement of allotments and is likely to have a beneficial impact on health and well-being, reducing poverty, vibrant communities, accessibility to facilities, air quality, climate change, countryside character, road congestion, waste generation, water quality and energy efficiency. The policy may benefit flood control and biodiversity. The policy does not set standards for allotment provision and supports and encourages rather than requires. In this way, new provision of additional allotments is likely to be limited and the beneficial impacts on sustainable objectives reduced, particularly in the longer term. The policy does permit loss of allotments where there is no demand. Demand for allotments changes through time, for example as new development is added to an area

Mitigation Proposals None


8. Open Space Planning for New Provision: Local Standards

Policy OS3: 1. On all residential developments of 5 units or above (net), there will be a requirement for open space provision in accordance with the quantitative standards set out in Policy Annex OS3. 2. The form and level of provision of open space will be determined in accordance with the sequential approach and methodology set out in Annex D. 3. Where it is impractical or inappropriate to provide open space on-site, off-site provision (or a financial contribution towards it) will be sought commensurate with the quantitative and accessibility standards set out in Policy Annex OS3. Where this is not achievable, developer contributions for the enhancement of existing open spaces off-site within the relevant accessibility threshold1 will be sought. Priority will be given to enhancing those sites identified in Policy Annex OS1B and any open space projects in the Council’s Capital Plan that fall within, or close to, the relevant accessibility threshold of the development site. 4. Any new on-site or off-site provision will be required to be located, where feasible, where it can provide a connection to the network of existing open spaces and wildlife corridors. 5. Where physical provision of open space is made by the developer (either on-site or off-site), an agreement will be sought with the developer to lay out the land to the standards required and to make adequate provision for its subsequent maintenance. Maintenance of the site will be required to support the multifunctional role of the open space, including,

1 See Policy Annex OS3 for accessibility standards



where practicable, management regimes that facilitate natural habitat creation and species migration.


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2. Reduce and manage the risk of flooding ( ) ( ) ( ) Creation and enhancement of green open spaces may assist natural drainage and reduce the risk and impact of flooding.


Open space has a strong impact on health and wellbeing, creating opportunities for active recreation, sport, children’s play and relaxation. Where new development creates or exacerbates open space deficiencies this policy ensures that new provision is made or existing provision is enhanced. This will increase provision, quality and accessibility of open space and will have a positive impact on health and well being.


Access to open spaces is very beneficial in deprived areas and for individuals who have limited access to private space. The application of standards will increase provision, quality and accessibility of open space in areas that are deficient and is likely to have an impact in reducing social exclusion and the gap between the most deprived areas and the rest.


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6. To reduce crime and fear of crime The policy ensures that new provision meets quality standards which will recognise the need to reduce crime and the fear of crime through the design and location of the open space. Agreements to ensure the future maintenance of open space should reduce problems from vandalism and dereliction.

7. To create and sustain vibrant communities Quality open space has an important role in sustaining vibrant communities in providing a place for communal recreation and sports activities. The policy will increase the provision, quality and accessibility of open space in areas that are deficient and is likely to have a significant beneficial impact on this objective.


The policy will increase provision of accessible open space in areas that are deficient and is likely to have a significant beneficial impact on access.


( ) ( ) ( ) Open space may provide a venue for cultural events including fetes, concerts, plays and historical re-enactments. This policy will provide new and upgraded open space.


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Retaining and creating open spaces helps to maintain air quality as plants absorb gaseous pollution (including carbon dioxide, sulphur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide and ozone) and trap particulates. Local provision of open space reduces the length and number of car journeys which has a beneficial impact on air quality.


Green areas act as carbon sinks and assist natural drainage. Local provision of open space reduces the length and number of car journeys that people take to reach sports and recreation facilities. This has a beneficial impact on the causes of climate change. Improving the network of open spaces will assist species migration.


The policy seeks to ensure that new open space connects with wildlife corridors where feasible and all new open space is managed to facilitate natural habitat creation and species migration. Developer contributions may be used to improve the biodiversity value of existing open space.

14. To protect and enhance the historic environment Developer contributions may be used to enhance the historical value of existing open space.

15. To protect and enhance the countryside ( ) ( ) ( ) Creation and enhancement of open space may contribute to countryside character but it depends on the location and characteristics of open space proposed.


Local provision of open space reduces the length and number of car journeys that people take to reach sports and recreation facilities. This has a beneficial impact on road congestion and pollution levels. The policy seeks to ensure that new open space connects with the existing network of open space where feasible.


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( ) ( ) ( ) Creation and enhancement of open spaces may assist natural drainage and have a beneficial impact on water quality.


Local provision of open space reduces the length and number of car journeys that people take to reach sports and recreation facilities. This has a beneficial impact on energy efficiency.


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Well designed and managed open spaces may provide sports, recreation and relaxation opportunities that will be used by tourists, enhance the environmental quality and attractiveness of settlements to tourists and provide venues for touristic events.


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Summary The policy seeks to ensure that new residential development does not exacerbate or create open space deficiencies by requiring developers to make provision on or off-site or contribute towards enhancement of existing sites. This policy should have a beneficial impact on health, inequalities in wealth, vibrant communities, biodiversity and tourism and, by ensuring local provision of facilities, on accessibility, air quality, climate change, traffic congestion and energy efficiency. The policy seeks to ensure that new open space connects with the existing network of open space and wildlife corridors where feasible. The policy may also benefit water quality, the historic environment, countryside and cultural activities. The impact on efficiency of land use is uncertain but the policy does encourage the multifunctional use of green spaces which is an efficient use of land. Mitigation proposals None


8. Open Space Planning for New Provision: Priority Areas for New Publicly Accessible Open

Space Policy OS4: 1. The Council will support Parish Councils, landowners and developers who

wish to provide publicly accessible open space in locations which will address local deficiencies, as identified in the Open Space Strategy. 2. Adequate provision will need to be made for the subsequent maintenance of all publicly accessible open space. 3. The Freehold, Hadlow, as identified on the Proposals Map, is identified as a site suitable for the provision of formal publicly accessible open space to address local deficiencies, as identified in the Open Space Strategy.


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2. Reduce and manage the risk of flooding ( ) ( ) ( ) Creation and enhancement of green open spaces may assist natural drainage and reduce the risk and impact of flooding.




Open space has a strong impact on health and wellbeing, creating opportunities for active recreation, sport, children’s play and relaxation. This policy will facilitate provision of new open space to reduce existing deficiencies and will have a positive impact on health and well being. However, the impact will depend on strong partnerships with land owners and negotiation of future maintenance.


Access to open spaces is very beneficial in deprived areas and for individuals who have limited access to private space. The creation of new publicly accessible open areas will increase provision, quality and accessibility in areas that are deficient and is likely to have an impact in reducing social exclusion and the gap between the most deprived areas and the rest. However, the impact will depend on strong partnerships with land owners and negotiation of future maintenance.


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7. To create and sustain vibrant communities Quality open space has an important role in sustaining vibrant communities in providing a place for communal recreation and sports activities. The policy will increase the provision of well-maintained, accessible open space in areas that are deficient and is likely to have a beneficial impact on this objective. However, the impact will depend on strong partnerships with land owners and negotiation of future maintenance.


The policy will increase provision of accessible open space in areas that are deficient and is likely to have a beneficial impact on access. However, the impact will depend on strong partnerships with land owners and negotiation of future maintenance.


( ) ( ) ( ) Open space may provide a venue for cultural events including fetes, concerts, plays and historical re-enactments. This policy may provide new open space.


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Retaining and creating open spaces helps to maintain air quality as plants absorb gaseous pollution (including carbon dioxide, sulphur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide and ozone) and trap particulates. Local provision of open space reduces the length and number of car journeys that people take to reach sports and recreation facilities. This has a beneficial impact on air quality.


Green areas act as carbon sinks and assist natural drainage. Local provision of open space reduces the length and number of car journeys that people take to reach sports and recreation facilities. This has a beneficial impact on the causes of climate change.


? ? ? The impact on biodiversity depends on the former and new use of the open space. Conversion of undeveloped land to publicly accessible recreation open space may reduce its wildlife conservation value. The policy does not refer to biodiversity.

14. To protect and enhance the historic environment ? ? ? Creation of open space may contribute to the historic environment but it depends on the location and characteristics of open space proposed.

15. To protect and enhance the countryside ? ? ? Creation of open space may contribute to countryside character but it depends on the location and characteristics of open space proposed.


Local provision of open space reduces the length and number of car journeys that people take to reach sports and recreation facilities. This has a beneficial impact on road congestion and pollution levels.


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( ) ( ) ( ) Creation of open spaces may assist natural drainage and have a beneficial impact on water quality.


Local provision of open space reduces the length and number of car journeys that people take to reach sports and recreation facilities. This has a beneficial impact on energy efficiency.


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Well designed and maintained open spaces may provide sports, recreation and relaxation opportunities that will be used by tourists, enhance the environmental quality and attractiveness of settlements to tourists and provide venues for touristic events.


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Summary This policy seeks to reduce or remove deficiencies in open space provision relative to population both by providing general encouragement to land owners and parish

councils and through the allocation of a specific site. The policy should have a beneficial impact on health, inequalities in health, community, accessibility, energy efficiency, air and water quality, tourism, cultural activities and climate change. The impact on the historic environment, countryside and biodiversity will depend on the location of the site and its former and proposed use. The policy does not actively seek multifunctional use of the open space or integration with open space networks. Mitigation proposals None


8. Open Space Planning for New Provision: Reinforcing the Green Infrastructure Network

Policy OS5: 1 Any open spaces provided as part of new development, either on-site or off-site, must, wherever practicable, be located where they can provide a safe connection, either directly or in the form of a stepping stone, with the existing network of open spaces and wildlife corridors as identified on the Green Infrastructure Network Diagram. 2. Any such connection will be required, where practicable, to provide opportunities for walking, cycling and, where appropriate, horse riding between and through open spaces, as well as opportunities for natural habitat creation and species migration. 3. New open spaces provided in association with new development must be managed to facilitate natural habitat creation and to allow, wherever practicable, for species migration across the Green Infrastructure Network.


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2. Reduce and manage the risk of flooding ( ) ( ) ( ) New open space adjoining rivers could potentially add to the floodplain and reduce the risk of flooding.


Improving the network of open spaces increases opportunities for longer distance footpaths and cycleways which benefit health.




Improving the network of open spaces might improve access to facilities and the countryside for non-car users


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7. To create and sustain vibrant communities ( ) ( ) ( ) Improving the network of open spaces may improve access to community events


Improving the network of open spaces should improve access to facilities and the countryside for non-car users.


( ) ( ) ( ) Improving the network of open spaces may improve access to community events.


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Improving the network of open spaces increases opportunities for longer distance footpaths and cycleways which promote non-motorised forms of transport. Green corridors act as carbon sinks.


Improving the network of open spaces increases opportunities for longer distance footpaths and cycleways which promote non-motorised forms of transport. Green corridors act as carbon sinks, may facilitate species migration and may reduce the impact of flooding.


Interconnected green spaces will generally have more biodiversity value and assist species in adapting to the effects of climate change. The policy requires open spaces to be managed to facilitate natural habitat creation and allow for species migration.

14. To protect and enhance the historic environment ? ? ? Impact depends on the character and location of the open space. 15. To protect and enhance the countryside ? ? ? Impact depends on the character and location of the open space.


Improving the network of open spaces increases opportunities for longer distance cycleways and footpaths which promotes non-motorised forms of transport. Green corridors act as carbon sinks.


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( ) ( ) ( ) Green links could enhance natural drainage.


Improving the network of open spaces increases opportunities for longer distance footpaths and cycleways which promote non-motorised forms of transport.


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Long distance footpaths and cycleways would benefit sustainable tourism by encouraging walking and cycling trips and holidays.


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Summary Requiring new open space to provide connections with the existing network of open spaces and wildlife corridors will have beneficial effects on biodiversity, climate change, health, accessibility and improving transport choice. The policy encourages the use of open spaces for enhancing biodiversity and transport networks but does not seek to maximise the amenity, landscape and recreational value of the green infrastructure network. Mitigation proposals None


8. Open Space Planning for New Provision: Accessibility and Safety

Policy OS6: 1. Proposals for development will only be permitted if new open spaces provided in association with the development, and any enhancements to existing provision, are: (a) wherever practicable, located where they can be accessible by foot, bicycle, public transport and by people with disabilities and, where appropriate, by horse, and (b) designed to minimise the risk of crime and reduce the potential for anti-social behaviour and the fear of crime by incorporating natural surveillance as a means of increasing people’s feeling of safety.


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Requiring access by foot, bicycle and where appropriate, horse, to new and existing open spaces will encourage active lifestyles. Ensuring, wherever possible, access by foot, bicycle and public transport makes sites more accessible to a greater proportion of the population by improving access to recreation sites for non-car users. Minimising the risk of crime and reducing the potential for anti-social behaviour and the fear of crime is likely to increase use of open spaces and therefore improve health. Reducing the fear of crime is likely to benefit feelings of well-being.


This policy would make sites more accessible to a greater proportion of the population by improving access for non-car users and people with disabilities. It would therefore reduce social exclusion. Minimising the risk of crime and reducing the potential for anti-social behaviour and the fear of crime is likely to have beneficial impacts in the most deprived areas and for vulnerable members of society.


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6. To reduce crime and fear of crime This policy will have significant beneficial effects on reducing crime and the fear of crime by requiring appropriate designs and natural surveillance where practicable.

7. To create and sustain vibrant communities Open spaces can have considerable community value as places to meet, hold events, play and participate in sport. Improving access and safety is likely to increase these benefits and help to create more inclusive communities.


This policy would make sites more accessible by improving travel choice for everyone. It would particularly improve access for non-car users and people with disabilities.


( ) ( ) ( ) Open space may provide a venue for cultural events including fetes, concerts, plays and historical re-enactments.. Improving the safety of and access to open spaces may encourage people to participate in community events.


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Requiring access by non-motorised modes of transport, where practicable, is likely to improve air quality.


Requiring access by non-motorised modes of transport , where practicable, is likely to reduce carbon emissions and other pollutants contributing to climate change.


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14. To protect and enhance the historic environment - - - 15. To protect and enhance the countryside - - -


Requiring access by non-motorised modes of transport, where practicable, improves travel choice and reduces the need to travel by car.


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Requiring access by non-motorised modes of transport, where practicable, is likely to reduce energy consumption.


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Improved access and safety should encourage tourists to use and enjoy open spaces.


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Summary Requiring new open space and open space enhancements to be accessible by a choice of transport and by people with disabilities, together with measures to reduce crime and anti-social behaviour will have significant beneficial impacts on health, reducing social exclusion, reducing crime, creating and sustaining vibrant communities whilst also benefiting accessibility, enjoyment of cultural activities, air quality, congestion, climate change and energy efficiency. The reasoned justification requires developers to have regard to qualitative criteria, good practice guidance Kent Design, good practice prepared by CABE and as ‘Secured by Design’. Mitigation proposals None


8. Open Space Planning for New Provision: Urban Fringe Areas

Policy OS7: 1. Any proposals for development at the urban fringe which are otherwise acceptable in principle will not be permitted unless the multifunctional role of the area of providing a clear demarcation between the town and country, a bridge to the countryside, a link between green corridors and wildlife habitats in the countryside, and a gateway to the urban area is maintained and, wherever practicable, enhanced. 2. Proposals for publicly accessible open spaces in urban fringe areas aimed at addressing local deficiencies that can not feasibly be met elsewhere will be permitted.


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2. Reduce and manage the risk of flooding - - ( ) Protection of open spaces at the urban fringe may assist natural drainage and reduce the risk and impact of flooding.


Encouraging development to provide a bridge to the country should encourage walking and informal leisure that contributes to healthy lifestyles. New public open space will encourage active recreation.




Encouraging development to provide a bridge to the country could improve access to and from the countryside for more deprived groups. However there is no allocation made for new open space to meet deficiencies. Public open space located in the urban fringe may not be as accessible without a car as open space in more central locations.


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This policy which seeks to improve green links to the countryside should improve access to and from the countryside. However, there is no allocation made for new open space to meet deficiencies. Public open space on the fringe of settlements may not be accessible to non-car households.


( ) ( ) ( ) Improving links to the countryside may promote enjoyment of cultural activities.


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( ) ( ) ( ) Encouraging development to enhance links between green corridors and habitats in the countryside could encourage walking and cycling. However location of public open space on the fringes of settlements rather than more centrally may encourage car use.


( ) ( ) ( ) Encouraging development to enhance links between green corridors and habitats in the countryside could encourage walking and cycling, thus reducing carbon emissions. It may encourage the creation of natural areas which act as carbon sinks. However location of public open space on the fringes of settlements rather than more centrally may encourage car use.


Reinforcing links between green corridors and wildlife habitats in the countryside should benefit biodiversity.

14. To protect and enhance the historic environment - - - 15. To protect and enhance the countryside The policy should enhance the demarcation between town and country. The

impact of public open space on the countryside will depend on the type of open space and appropriate design will be required.


( ) ( ) ( ) Encouraging development to enhance links between green corridors and habitats in the countryside could encourage walking and cycling. However location of public open space on the fringes of settlements rather than more centrally may encourage car use.


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( ) ( ) ( ) Enhancing the link between green corridors and wildlife habitats in the countryside may benefit river water quality and permit enhancement of natural drainage by creating and enhancing areas of natural vegetation and preventing unsuitable development along river corridors.


( ) ( ) ( ) Encouraging development to provide a bridge to the country could encourage walking and cycling. However location of public open space on the fringes of settlements rather than more centrally may encourage car use.


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Publicly accessible open spaces at the edge of towns may provide sports, recreation and relaxation opportunities that will be used by tourists, enhance the environmental setting of settlements and provide venues for touristic events.


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Summary This policy seeks to maintain and enhance the multifunctional role of urban fringe areas and encourages the provision of publicly accessible open space in areas of deficiency where it cannot be supplied elsewhere. The policy will have a beneficial impact on public health, biodiversity and countryside but the benefits to reducing inequalities in wealth, access, air pollution, climate change, congestion and energy efficiency may be limited if the provision of public space in fringe areas causes an increase in car journeys. Mitigation Proposals None

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