SYLLABUS

Ph. D. Entrance Test (Academic Session 2018-19) The Question paper of the Entrance test will have two sections A and B, each consisting of objective type

compulsory questions. The section A will represent a component of “Research Methodology” whereas section

B shall be “Subject Specific”. Each question will carry one mark. (i) There will be no negative marks (ii)The duration of the Entrance test will be Two hours. (iii)The candidate must score minimum 50% marks in the Entrance test to qualify for the interview. (Time 2 Hours) PART –A & B (Max Marks 100)

PART –A Research Methodology (common to all discipline) Unit 1 Basic Concept of research: Rationale of research, Research Problem, Research Objectives, Types of

Research Fundamental, Applied, Action Quantitative/Qualitative and other types of research Unit 2 Literature Survey/ Review: Primary Sources Secondary Sources Searching e-resources: Using search

engines, searching databases Authenticity of e-resources Writing Literature Review Unit 3 Research Problem: Identification of research problem Defining research problem Unit 4 Research Methodology: Types of research methods: Survey method Experimental method (variables,

designs) Historical method Content Analysis Hypotheses: Meaning Types of Hypotheses Formulation of

Hypothesis Unit 5 Sampling: Concepts of population, sample Sampling Techniques Probability Sampling techniques Non-

Probability Sampling techniques Unit 6 Data Collection methods, tools and techniques: Primary Data Collection Secondary Data Collection e.g.

Questionnaire, interview schedule, focus groups etc.) Unit 7 Data analysis techniques: statistical analysis techniques, qualitative analysis techniques, Hypothesis Testing

etc. Unit 8 Report Writing/ Documentation: Title, Subtitle, Formatting etc. Citation References Bibliography Unit9 Research Ethics: Environmental impacts, Ethical issues, ethical committees, Commercialization – Copy right,

royalty - Intellectual property rights and patent law, Reproduction of published material, Plagiarism - Citation

and acknowledgement, Reproducibility and accountability. Unit 10 E Resources in Research: Use of Internet in Research – E Journal, E Library, INFLIBNET.

PART-B

1. CHEMISTRY Unit 1 Inorganic Chemistry : Chemical periodicity, Structure and bonding in homo- and heteronuclear molecules

(VSEPR) , Concepts of acids and bases, Main group elements and their compounds,Transition elements and

coordination compounds, Organometallic compounds: synthesis, bonding and structure, and reactivity.

applications. Analytical chemistry- Chromatography, Spectroscopic, Electro-analytical techniques,

Bioinorganic chemistry ,Nuclear chemistry Unit 2 Physical Chemistry: Atomic Structure ,Basic principles of quantum mechanics: Postulates; operators ,

Chemical bonding in diatomics, Chemical applications of group theory Molecular spectroscopy: IR and Raman

and its application., Chemical thermodynamics , Physical Photochemistry , Electrochemistry , Chemical

kinetics , Colloids and surfaces. , Solid state: Crystal structures; Bragg’s law and applications; band structure

of solids. Unit 3 Organic Chemistry: IUPAC nomenclature of organic molecules, Stereochemistry: Nomenclature ,Aromaticity: Aromatic, Non-aromatic, Antiaromatic. ,Organic reactive intermediates. ,Organic reaction mechanisms: addition, elimination and substitution reactions with electrophilic, nucleophilic or radical species.

,Common named reactions and rearrangements. ,Organic transformations and reagents: oxidizing and reducing

agents. ,Pericyclic reactions – electrocyclisation, cycloaddition, sigmatropic rearrangements. ,Chemistry of

Biomacromolecules: Carbohydrates, proteins, fatty acids, nucleic acids, Organic Spectroscopy: IR, UV-Vis,

1H &13C NMR and Mass spectroscopic techniques. Unit 4 Interdisciplinary topics : Chemistry in nanoscience, Green chemistry and Environmental chemistry,

Medicinal chemistry.

2. PHYSICS Unit 1 Mathematical Methods of Physics:Dimensional analysis, Vector algebra and vector calculus. Linear algebra,

matrices, Cayley-Hamilton Theorem Eigen values and eigenvectors. Linear ordinary differential equations of

first & second order, Special functions (Hermite, Bessel, Laguerre and Legendre function). Fourier series and

Laplace transforms. Elements of complex analysis, analytical functions, Taylor & Laurent series, poles,

residues and evaluation of integrals. Elementary probability theory random variables, binomial. Poisson and

normal distributions. Central limit theorem. Unit 2 Classical Mechanics: Newton’s laws, Dynamical systems, Phase space dynamics, stability analysis, Central

force motions. Two body Collisions –Scattering in laboratory and Centre of mass frames. Rigid body

dynamics moment of inertia tensor. Non- inertial frames and pseudo forces. Variational principle. Generalized

coordinates, Largrangian and Hamiltonian formalism and equations of motion. Conservation Laws and cyclic

coordinates. Periodic motion : small oscillations, normal modes. Special theory of relativity Lorentz

transformations, relativistic kinematics and energy equivalence. Unit 3 Electromagnetic Theory: Electromagnetics Gauss’s law and its applications Laplace and Poission equations, boundary value problems. Magnetostatics: Biot-Savart law, Ampere’s theorem. Electromagnetic induction.

Maxwell’s equations in free space and linear isotropic media: boundary conditions on the fields at interfaces.

Scalar and vector potentials,gauge invariance. Electromagnetic waves in free space. Dielectrics and

conductors. Reflection and refraction, polarization, Fresnel’s law, interference, coherence, and diffraction.

Dynamics of charged particles in static and uniform electromagnetic fields. Unit 4 Quantum MechanicsWave–particle duality. Schrodinger equation (time-dependent and time – independent).

Eigen value problems (Particle in a box. harmonic oscillator, etc)Tunneling through a barrier. Wave-function

in coordinate and momentum representations. Commutators and Heisenberg uncertainty principle. Dirac

notation for state vectors. Motion in a central potential: orbital angular momentum, angular momentum

algebra, spin, addition of angular moment: Hydrogen atom, Stern. Gerlach experiment. Time independent

perturbation theory and applications. Variational method. Time dependent perturbation theory and Fermi’s

golden rule, selection rules, Identical particles, Pauli exclusion principle, spin–statistics connection. Unit 5 Thermodynamic and Statistical Physics: Laws of thermodynamics and their consequences. Thermodynamic

potentials. Maxwell relations, chemical potential, phase equilibria, phase space, micro – and macro-states.

Micro-canonical, canonical and noise reduction, shielding and grounding. Fourier transforms, lock–in detector,

box–car integrator, modulation techniques. Unit 6 Electronics and Experimental Methods: Semiconductor devices (diodes, junctions, transistors, field effect

devices, homo-and hetero-junction devices), devices structure, devices characteristics, frequency dependence

and applications, Opto-electronic devices (solar cell, photo detector, LEDs).Operational amplifier and their

application. Digital techniques and applications (registers, counters, comparators and similar circuits).A/D and

D/A converters, Microprocessor and Microcontroller basics. Data Interpretation and analysis. Precision and accuracy. Error analysis, propagation of errors. Least squares

fitting, Linear and non linear curve fitting, Chi-square test, Transducers (temperature, pressure/vacuum,

magnetic fields, vibration, optical and particle detectors). Measurement and control Signal conditioning and

recovery. Impedance matching, amplification (op-amp based, instrumentation amp, feedback).filtering and

noise reduction, Shielding and grounding. Fourier transforms, Lock-in detector, box–car integrator, modulation

techniques, High frequency devices (including generators and detectors). Unit 7 Atomic & Molecular Physics:Quantum states of an electron in an atom. Electron spin. Spectrum of helium

and alkali atom. Relativistic corrections for energy levels of hydrogen atom, hyperfine structure and isotopic

shift, width of spectrum lines. LS & JJ couplings. Zeeman, Paschen-Bach & Stark effects. Electron spin

resonance. Nuclear magnetic resonance, chemical shift. Frank-Condon principle. Born-Oppenheimer

approximation. Electronic, rotational, vibrational and Raman spectra of diatomic molecules, selection rules.

Lasers spontaneous and stimulated emission, Einstein A & B coefficients. Optical pumping, Population

inversion, rate equation. Modes of resonators and coherence length. Unit 8 Condensed Matter Physics:Bravais lattices, Reciprocal lattice, Diffraction and the structure factor. Bonding

of solids. Elastic properties, phonos, lattice specific heat. Free Electron Theory and Electronic specific heat.

Response and relaxation phenomena. Drudge mode of electrical and thermal conductivity. Hall effect and

thermoelectric power. Electron motion in a periodic potential, band theory of solids, Matter, Insulators and

semiconductors, Superconductivity, type–I and type- II superconductors. Josephson junctions. Superfluidity,

Defects of dislocation. Ordered Phases of matter: translational and orientational order, Kinds of liquid

crystalline order, Quasi crystals. Unit 9 Nuclear and Particle Physics: Basic nuclear properties: size, shape and charge distribution, spin and parity.

Binding energy, semi empirical mass formula, liquid drop model. Nature of the nuclear force, form of nucleon –nucleon potential, charge –independence and charge–symmetry of nuclear forces. Deutron problem. Evidence

of shell structure, single-particle shell model, Its validity and limitations. Rotational spectra. Elementary ideas

of alpha, beta and gamma decays and their selection rules. Fission and fusion. Nuclear reactions, reactions

mechanism, compound nuclei and direct reactions. Classification of fundamental forces. Elementary particles and their quantum numbers (charge, spin parity,

isospin, strangeness, etc,) Gellemann- Nishijima formula. Quark model, baryons and mesons. C,P, and T

invariance. Application of symmetry arguments to particle reactions. Parity non-conservation in weak

interaction. Relativistic kinematics.

3. MATHEMATICS

Unit 1 Real Analysis: Sequences and series of functions, uniform convergence, power series, functions of several

variables, maxima, minima; Riemann integration, multiple integrals, theorems of Green, Stokes and Gauss;

metric spaces. Unit 2 Functional Analysis: Banach spaces, Hahn-Banach extension theorem, open mapping and closed graph

theorems. Unit 3 Complex Analysis: Contour integral, Cauchy’s theorem, Cauchy’s integral formula, Liouville’s theorem,

Maximum modulus principle, Schwarz lemma, Open mapping theorem,Calculus of residues. Conformal

mappings, Mobius transformations. Unit 4 Algebra: Groups, subgroups, normal subgroups, quotient groups, homomorphisms, cyclic groups, permutation

groups, Sylow theorems. Unit 5 Linear Algebra: Eigenvalues and eigenvectors, Cayley-Hamilton theorem. Matrix representation of linear

transformations. Inner product spaces, orthonormal basis. Reduction and classification of quadratic forms. Unit 6 Ordinary Differential Equations (ODEs): Existence and uniqueness of solutions of initial value problems

for first order ordinary differential equations, singular solutions of first order ODEs, system of first order

ODEs. ODEs of higher orders. Unit 7 Partial Differential Equations: Lagrange and Charpit methods for solving first order PDEs, Cauchy problem

for first order PDEs. Classification of second order PDEs, General solution of higher order PDEs with constant

coefficients. Unit 8

Numerical Analysis : Finite differences, Lagrange, Hermite and spline interpolation, Numerical

differentiation and integration, Numerical solutions of ODEs using modified Euler and Runge-Kutta methods. Unit 9 Calculus of Variations: Variation of a functional, Euler-Lagrange equation, Necessary and sufficient

conditions for extrema. Variational methods for boundary value problems in ordinaryand partial differential

equations. Unit 10 Linear Integral Equations: Fredholm and Volterra integral equation, Solutions withseparable kernels. Characteristic numbers andEigenfunctions, resolvent kernel. Unit 11 Differential Geometry: Space curves-their curvature and torsion; Serret-Frenet Formula; Fundamental

theorem of space curves; Curves on surfaces; First and second fundamental form; Gaussian curvatures;

Principal directions and principal curvatures. Unit 12 Fluid Mechanics: Equation of continuity in fluid motion; Euler’s equations of motion for perfect fluids; Two

dimensional motion complex potential; vorticity.

Unit 13 Linear programming: Infeasible and unbounded LPP’s, alternate optima; Dual problem and duality

theorems, dual simplex method and its application in post optimality analysis; u -v method for solving

transportation problems; Hungarian method for solving assignment problems.

4. MANAGEMENT STUDIES

Unit 1

Organisational behavior: The concept and significance of organisational behaviour – Skills and Roles in

an organisation – Classical, Neo – Classical and Modern Theories of Organisational Structure –

Organisational Design – Understanding and Managing individual behaviour personality –Perception –

Values – Attitudes – Learning – Motivation. Unit 2

Human Resource Management: Concepts and perspectives in HRM; HRM in changing environment,

Human Resource Planning – Objectives, Process and Techniques, Job analysis – Job Description,

Selecting Human Resources. Induction, Training and Development. Exit policy 3: Financial Management Nature and Scope, Valuation Concepts and Valuation of Securities, Capital

Budgeting Decisions – Risk Analysis, Capital Structure and Cost of Capital, Dividend Policy –

Determinants, Long – Term and Short – Term Financing Instruments, Mergers and Acquisitions. 4: Marketing Management Marketing Environment and Environment Scanning; Marketing Information

Systems and Marketing Research; Understanding Consumer and Industrial Markets; Demand

Measurement and Forecasting; Market Segmentation – Targeting and Positioning; Product Decisions,

Product mix, Product Life Cycle; New Product Development; Branding and Packaging; Pricing Methods

and Strategies. Promotion Decisions – Promotion mix; Advertising; Personal Selling; Channel

Management. Customer Relation Management; Uses of Internet as a Marketing Medium – Other related

issues like branding, market development, Advertising and retailing on the net. New issues in Marketing. 5: Quantitative methods & Techniques Overview of Statistics, Classifying Data to convey meaning,

Measures of Central Tendency – Mean, Median & Mode, Measures of Variation – Range, Average Deviation, Standard Deviation,

Probability Theory; Probability distributions – Binomial, Poisson, Normal and Exponential; Correlation

and Regression analysis; Sampling theory; Sampling distributions; Tests of Hypothesis; Large and small samples; t z, F, Chi – square tests.

5. COMMERCE

Unit 1 Business Environment: Second Generation reforms, Privatization and Globalization, Planning Policy,

Meaning and definition of Business Environment, Liberalization, Legal Environment of Business in India,

Industrial Policy, Industrial Growth and Structural Changes, Environment protection, Economic Policy,

Economic Environment, Consumer Protection, Competition Policy Unit 2 Financial and Management Accounting: Valuation of Shares, Responsibility Accounting, Ratio Analysis,

Partnership Accounts, Liquidation, Financial Statements, Cost and Management Accounting, Capital and

Revenue, Basic Accounting Concept, Advanced Company Accounts Unit 3 Business Economics: Utility analysis, Price determination in different Market Situations, Nature and Uses of

Business Economics, Laws of Variable Proportion, Laws of Returns, Elasticity of Demand, Demand Analysis,

Concept of Profit and Wealth Maximization Unit 4 Business Statistics and Data Processing: Sampling Errors, Data types, Data Processing, Data Collection and

Analysis, Correlation and Regression, Computer Application to Functional Areas, Analysis and Interpretation

of data Unit 5 Business Management: Staffing, Principles of Management, Planning Process, Organizational Culture and

Structure, Organising, Leadership and Control, Decision Making, Business Ethics and Corporate Governance Unit 6 Marketing Management: Product decision, “Pricing, Distribution and Promotion”, Marketing Planning,

Marketing Mix, Marketing Environment, Evolution of Marketing, Concepts of Marketing Unit 7 Financial Management: Working Capital Management, Financial and Operating Leverage, Dividend Policy,

Cost of capital; Capital Budgeting, Capital Structure Unit 8 Human Resource Management: Training and Development, Succession Planning, Role and Functions of

HRM, Recruitment and Selection, Performance Appraisal, Industrial Relations, HR Planning, Compensation Unit 9 Banking and Financial Institution: Reserve Bank of India, NABARD and Rural Banking, Importance of

Banking to Business, Types of Banks, E Banking, Development Banking, Banking Sector Reforms in India

6. SOCIOLOGY

Unit 1 Classical Sociological Theory: The socio-historical and intellectual background of Sociology; August Comte

(Sociology ─ Positivism ─ social evolution); Karl Marx (historical and dialectical materialism ─ class conflict ─ capital ─ base and super structure); Emile Durkheim (social Fact ─ methodology ─ social solidarity ─ social

change ─ religion and society); Max Weber (social Action─ methodology─ authority ─ class, status and

power ─ religion and economy) Unit 2 Modern Sociological Theory: Conflict Theory and Neo-Marxism (Lewis Coser ─ Ralf Dahrendorf ─

Antonio Gramsci ─ Louis Althusser ─ Habermas) Functionalism and Neo-Functionalism (Talcott Parsons─

Robert Merton ─Jefferey Alexander) Interpretative Sociology (G.H. Mead ─ Harold Garfinkel ─ Erving

Goffman ─ Alfred Schutz ─ Peter Berger ─ Luckmann) Unit 3 Social Research Method: Meaning and nature (social phenomena ─ scientific enquiry ─ objectivity and

subjectivity ─ fact and value); Quantitative methods (survey ─ research design ─ hypothesis ─ sampling ,

techniques of data collection: observation, questionnaire and interview); Qualitative methods (participant

observation ─ case study ─ content analysis ─ oral history ─ life history); Statistical tools (measures of central

tendency─ measures of dispersion ─ correlation ─ test of significance ─ reliability and validity). Unit 4 Sociology of India: Approaches to the Study of Indian Society (Indology ─ Civilizational ─ Functional ─

Marxist ─ Subaltern); People of India (groups and communities─ unity and diversity ─ pluralism); Caste

structure and change (Tribe and Caste─ forms of caste ─ caste and social institutions ─ changes in caste

system); Rural social structure (village community ─ change in village community); Family, kinship and

marriage; Religion in India (ideology ─ organization ─ religious movement) Unit 5 Social Stratification: Theories of social stratification (social class ─ class, status, and party ─ cultural

stratification); Issues in stratification (difference ─ hierarchy ─ equality and inequality); Forms of stratification

(caste ─ class ─ gender ─ ethnic); Stratification and social mobility in India. Unit 6 Economy and Society: Theories on economic social relationship; Features of industrial society (factory

system ─ division of labor─ bureaucracy ─ rationality─ production relations ─ surplus value ─ alienation);

Relationships (labor ─ management ─ conciliation ─ adjudication ─ arbitration─ collective bargaining ─ trade

unions ─ Joint management councils ─ quality circles); Agriculture, Industry and service sectors; Industrialization and social change in India; Industrial planning. Unit 7 Political Sociology: Approaches to the study of politics; Concepts (power and authority ─ consensus and

conflict─ elites and masses─ state and stateless societies); Local, everyday power and wider political system; State and society under capitalism; Citizenship and the welfare state; sovereignty and institutional autonomy;

state and society in India; Civil society and social mobilization. Unit 8 Sociology of Development: Conceptual perspectives (economic─ human ─ social ─ sustainable ─ ecological

notions of development); Theories of underdevelopment (Max Weber ─ Gunnar Myrdal ─ Frank ─ Samir

Amin ─ Wallerstein); Paths of development (modernization ─ globalization ─Socialist ─ Mixed ─ Gandhian); Social structure and development; Culture and development

Unit 9 Family, Kinship and Marriage: Theories; family (types ─ characteristics) kinship (incest taboo ─ honor ─

descent, residence and inheritance); Marriage patterns (exchange ─ alliance ─ bride-wealth ─ dowry ─ social

reproduction ─ monogamy ─ plural marriages); Culture, law and economy; Indian case.

7. ENGLISH

Unit 1 British Literature from 14th century to 20th century (25 marks) [Chaucerian Age – Elizabethan Age – Puritan

Era – Metaphysical Poets – Restoration Age – Augustan Age – Pre Romantic & Romantic Ages – Victorian

Age – Twentieth century – 1950s onwards] Unit 2 American & Non-British Literature (20 marks) [Introduction – New Poetry – American Literature – Indian

Writings in English (Pre-Independence Era) – Indian Writings in English (Modern Writings, Partition

Literature, Dalit Literature, Feminist Writings, Diasporic Writings, North East Indian Literature, Literatures in

Translation) – Commonwealth Literature] Unit 3 Contemporary Literature (10 marks) (Familiarity with contemporary writers, their works, literary award

winners, new movements in literature) Unit 4 Literary Theory and Criticism (15 marks) (Classical Age – Renaissance, 17th & 18th Centuries – Romantic

Age – British Liberal Humanists & New Criticism – Structuralism, Post Structuralism & Deconstruction –

Postmodernism – Feminism – Marxism - Postcolonialism Theories) Unit 5 English Language Teaching (Language related theories – Methods – Approaches – Techniques) Refer Geetha

Nagaraj’s English Language Teaching: Approaches, Methods, Techiques.• Published by Orient Longman Pvt.

Ltd, 2008 (2nd edition). Unit 6: Grammar and Vocabulary.

8. HISTORY

A. General Awareness – Questions will be on issues pertaining to social, economic, political developments

in India in general

B. History as a subject focusing on the following: 1.Historiography

i. Objectivity and Interpretation

ii. Ancient Indian Historiography

iii. Medieval Indian Historiography

iv. Modern Indian Historiography

v. Subaltern studies 2.Ancient India

i. Indus Valley Civilization

ii. Polity in Ancient India

iii. Economy in Ancient India

iv. Social Systems

v. Religious Traditions 3.Medieval India

i. Indian Feudalism

ii. Society & Economy

iii. Polity in Medieval India

iv. Bhakti & Sufi Movements

v. 18th Cent. Debate 4.Modern India

i. Revolt of 1857

ii. National Movement

iii. Economic Impact of Colonial Rule

iv. Social and Intellectual Reform Movements

v. Gandhi and Gandhian Ideology

9. EDUCATION

Objectives : To enable the students to

• Relate philosophy and education • Explain different sociological theories and its educational significance • Explain the theories of education as social institution • Apply theories of learning in classroom situation • Suggest application of theories for personality development • Understand the importance, concept, need and components of teacher effectiveness • Identify strategies for enhancing teacher effectiveness • Explain the concept of curriculum and process of curriculum development • Apply models in the development of curriculum. • Evaluate the curriculum on the basis of appropriate model • Explain the concept & nature of research in education • Explain the terms associated with research • Apply appropriate methods of research in education • Explain, construct & administer the tools & techniques of data collection • Select sample by proper sampling methods • Explain & Select appropriate technique of data analysis to test the hypothesis • Apply the knowledge of report writing

Unit 1 Module 1: Philosophical Perspectives of Education: Modern concept of Philosophy : Logical Analysis, Logical Empiricism and Positive relativism Epistemology and Education : Nature and types of knowledge, Methods of acquiring valid knowledge with

special reference to Analytical Philosophy, Dialectic approach, Scientific inquiry, Nyaya , Yoga Axiology and

Education : Concept of Value, Relativity of values Indian schools of thoughts : Vedic, Buddhist, and Islamic period Western schools of thoughts : Humanism, Existentialism, Essentialism, Progressivism

Unit 2 Module 2: Sociological perspective of Education : Theoretical perspectives to study society : i) Functional ii) Conflict iii) Symbolic interactionism and its

significance to education. Concept of Modernization : individual and social modernity, Role of education in

modernization Post modernism and its educational implication. Views of Jean François Lyotard, Michel Foucault, Jacques Derrida on post modernism, Gender ideology in Society : Meaning, Role of religion, constitution and law in gender

ideology Gender differentiation, gender stereotyping gender inequality in the society Women empowerment: concept, aspects of empowerment, Role of education in empowerment -

Multicultural education, Media awareness, RTE-2009. Unit 3 Module 3: Reflecting on Teaching Learning Process – Learning styles : Kolb’s Learning style, Honey & Mumford’s learning styles

Metacognition : Meaning, Difference between cognition and metacognition Models of metacognition by Falvell’s and Brown’s. Theories of Learning: a. Ausubel’s meaningful verbal learning theory: Concept of cognitive structure, Types of

learning, educational implication b. Hebb’s neurophysiological theory of learning c. Roger’s theory of experiential learning Theories of Teaching : Formal theory, Descriptive theory and Normative theory; Difference between theories of learning and theories

of teaching a. Carroll’s model of Mastery Learning – need, assumptions, components, and implications b. Slavin’s QAIT model and its educational implication c. Bruner’s theory of Instruction: Four guiding principles of instruction Implications of brain research in teaching - Concept and need of inclusion; teaching techniques for inclusive

Classrooms. Unit 4 Module 4: Personality and Adjustment Personality theories a. Freud’s psychoanalytic theory and defense mechanism b. Big 5 model of personality c. Roger’s humanistic theory with specific reference to REBT d. Jung’s theory with specific reference to MBT

Unit 5 Module 5: Reflecting on Teacher Education - National Curriculum Framework (NCFTE) -2009 as given by National Council of Teacher Education (NCTE) . Issues, concerns and problems of teacher education . Difference between andragogy and pedagogy . Reflective models and practices in teacher education . Concept and characteristics of a profession . Professional ethics and code of conduct for teachers and teacher educators Present status of teaching profession and enhancing the social status of teaching profession

Unit 6

Module 6: Professionalising Teacher Education - Strategies for professional development of teachers

through workshops, seminars, symposiums, panel discussions, conferences, self study, study groups and

study circles, book clubs, extension lectures, research colloquium, refresher courses, orientation programmes

. Concept, need and components of teacher effectiveness. Strategies for enhancing teacher effectiveness . Current trends and procedures in evaluating teacher effectiveness . Use of sign system, category system, portfolio assessment, academic performance indicators in teacher

effectiveness . Unit 7 Module 7: Curriculum Development - Understanding curriculum as a ( body of knowledge to

be transmitted,, product, process, praxis.) . Elements and principles of curriculum development . Models of Curiculum development. a. Hunkin’s Decision- Making model

b. Weinstein and Fantini model c. Fink’s model of integrated course design Unit 8 Module 8: Curriculum Implementation and evaluation – Factors influencing effective curriculum implementation . Criteria for selecting learning opportunities . ICT as a mode of curricular transaction with their strengths and limitation : Computer based learning . Online learning Blended learning . Models of curriculum implementation a. ORC mode l(overcoming resistance to change) b. Linkage model Models of curriculum evaluation a. Tyler’s Goal attainment model. b. Stufflebeam’s CIPP model c. Scriven’s Goal free model d. Kirkpatrick’s 4 level model Unit 9 Module 9: Concept and nature of research in education Content: - Nature of knowledge, different

methods of acquiring knowledge, scientific inquiry, concept of research .

Introduction to research in education: Meaning & definitions, Characteristics, Need, Areas. Importance of review of related literature & research Recording of the references, notes taking, use of

cards Online, offline references . Different terms : Objectives, Assumptions, Hypothesis-types & characteristics, Variables- types & control, Operational definitions, Limitations & Delimitations Types of Research: Fundamental, Applied, Action . Approaches to research : Qualitative, Quantitative and Mixed method . Meaning, Difference and Steps involved . Ethical consideration in research . Unit 10 Module 10: Research methods Content : - Research Methods ( Steps, methods/designs , strengths and weaknesses) a. Historical b. Descriptive c. Experimental Unit 11 Module 11: Data collection procedures

Content : Techniques of data collection : Observation, Interview, projective & sociometric .

Tools of data collection : Achievement test, intelligence test, check list, rating scale, anecdotal records,

attitude test, Aptitude test, Personality test Questionnaire . Merits & limitations .

Reliability & validity of tools & techniques : meaning , types of validity and reliability Sampling : Sample & population – Meaning , Need , sampling error , determining sample size .

Probability sampling methods (random—simple, systematic, cluster, stratified, multistage, quota) . Non probability sampling methods (incidental, purposive) . Unit 12 Module 12: Data analysis & report writing Content: - Types of data Analysis: i) Qualitative ii) Quantitative I. Quantitative data Analysis 1. Descriptive analysis : a. Different scales (nominal, Ordinal, Interval, Ratio) b. Uses of graphs in the analysis of data, c. Measures of Central tendency (concept & uses) d. Measures of variability (concept & uses) e. Correlation-meaning & uses in research 2. Inferential Analysis-

I) Quantitative Analysis Levels of significance, Degree of freedom, Type I & Type II error, Standard error of mean One tailed &

two tailed test Power of Statistical test and effect size Parametric tests — T test, analysis of variance, co-variance Non Parametric tests - Mann Whitney U test, Chi square test, sign test, median test . II)Qualitative Data Analysis

Data reduction and Classification

Analytical Induction Constant Comparison . Report Writing - format, style, content & chapterization References, appendices Characteristics of a good

research report

Module number Weightage in term of marks

Module 1 & 2 20 marks

Module 3 & 4 20 marks

Module 5 & 6 10 marks

Module 7 & 8 20 marks

Module 9 to 12 30 marks

References : • Aggarwal, D (2007): Curriculum development: Concept, Methods and Techniques. New Delhi. Book • Enclave. Anderson, JR (1983) Rules of the mind Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum • Banrs, JA (1996), Cultural diversity and education: Foundations curriculum and th teaching

(4th ed) Boston: Alynand, Becon • Best JW (1999) Research in Education, New Delhi: Prentice Hall of India Pvt Ltd • Beyer, LE (Ed) (1996) Creating democratic classrooms: The struggle to integrate theory and Practice New

York: Teachers College Press • Beck, Clive & Clark Kosnik Albany (2006): Innovations in Teacher Education: A Social

Constructivist approach. State University of York. • Borg, WR and Gall, MD (1983) Educational Research – An Introduction, New York: Longman, Inc • Christensen, L (2007) Experimental Methodology Boston: Allyn & Bacon

• Cohen Louis, Minion Lawrence & Morrison, Keith (2004). A Guide to Teaching Practice (5th edition).

Rout ledge Falmer. London and New York. • Dandapani, S (2001) Advanced educational psychology, (2 edition), New Delhi, Anmol publications

pvt Ltd • Dearden R F (1984) Theory and practice in Education Routledge K Kegan & Paul • Erickson, H.L (2002) Concept Based Curriculum and Instruction: Teaching beyond the facts, Corsion

Press, INC (A Sage Publication Company) Thousand Oaks: California. • Fraenkel, JR, Wallen, NE (1996) How to Design and Evaluate Research in Education New York:

McGraw Hill • Gardner, H (1983) frames of Mind: The theory of multiple intelligence New York: Basic Books • Herne Steve, Jessel John & Griffith, Jenny (2000). Study to Teach: A Guide to Studying in

Teacher Education. Rout ledge Falmer. London and New York. • Irvine, J.J. (2003): Educating teachers for diversity: Seeing with a cultural eye. New York:

Teachers College Press. • Kaul, Lokesh (1984) Methodology of Educational Research New Delhi: Vikas Publications • Kerlinger, FN (1986) Foundations of Behavioural Research Fort Worth, TX: Harcourt Bmce Jovanovich . • Kirkapatrick, DL (2005) Evaluating training Programmes: The four Levels San Francisco: Brrett-Kochler . • Korthagen, Fred A.J.et al; (2001): Linking Practice and Theory: The Pedagogy of Realistic Teacher

Education. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates • Lieber, CM (2002) Partners in learning: from conflict to collaboration Cambridge, MA, Educators for

Social responsibility • McKernan, James (2007): Curriculum and Imagination: Process, Theory, Pedagogy and Action

Research.Routledge. U.K. • Naik, JP (1975) Equality, quality and quantity: The elusive triangle of Indian education,

Allied Publications, Bombay • NCTE (1998): Policy Perspectives in Teacher Education. New Delhi • Caggart, G.L. (2005): Promoting Reflective Thinking in Teachers. Crowin Press. • NCERT (2005). National Curriculum Framework-2005, NCERT, Sri Aurobindo Marg, New Delhi. • Wiles, J.W. & Joseph Bondi (2006): Curriculum Development: A Guide to Practice. Pearson Publication • Palmer, Joy A, (2001) Fifty Modern thinkers on education: From Piaget to the present Day Routledge

Flamer London USA Canada • Peters, RS (ed), (1975) The Philosophy of education Oxford University Press, London • Piaget, J (1999) Judgment and reasoning in the child London: Routledge . • Patton MQ (2002) Qualitative Research and Evaluation Methods Thousand Oaks: CA: Sage • Segal, JW Chipman, SF, & Glaser, R (1985) Thinking and learning skills: Relating Instruction to Basic

Research (Vol I) Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum • Synder, CR & Shane J Lopez (2007) Positive psychology SAGE Publications UK . • Vygostsky L (1986) Thought and language (A Kazulin, Trans) Cambridge, MA: MIT Press • Wiles, J.W. & Joseph Bondi (2006): Curriculum Development: A Guide to Practice. Pearson Publication

10. POLITICAL SCIENCE

For Subject specific Test

Sr. No. Course Title

1 Political Theory

2 Political Philosophy

3 Administrative Theory

4 Issues in Administration

5 Theoretical Aspects of International Politics

6 Issues in World Politics

7 Theoretical Aspects of Comparative Politics

8 Issues in Comparative Politics

For Research Aptitude Test

Course No. Course Title

1 Research Methods for Political Enquiry

Course Content : Course1 : Political Theory

Units:

1. Nature and Significance of Political Theory

2. Importance and Limitations of the Classical Tradition

3. Modern Approaches: Behaviouralism, Post-behaviouralism and Marxism

4. Civil Society and the State

5. Citizenship & Nation

Course 2: Political Philosophy

Units:

1. Grounds of Political Obligation

2. Political Disobedience and Resistance

3. Democracy, Liberty and Rights

4. Equality and Justice

5. Recent trends: Post Modernism & Feminism

Course 3: Administrative

Theory Units: 1. The Study of Administration: Its Nature and Development

2. Ecological, Decision-Making and Political Economy Approaches

3. Development Administration

4. Bureaucracy and Society: Weberian, Marxist and Feminist Perspectives

5. Public Policy: Theories and Processes

Course 4: Issues in Administration

Units: 1. Administration and Politics: Civil Service Neutrality and Integrity

2. Economic Administration in a Planned Economy and Free Market Economy

3. Administrative Ethics and Accountability

4. Governance: Issues and Challenges

5. Recent Trends: Modernisation of Administration, Partnership with Industry, Non – Governmental

Organisations (NGOs), Disaster Management Course 5: Theoretical Aspects of International Politics

Units: 1. The Study of International Politics: Its Nature and Scope

2. Major Approaches: Realism, Idealism, Systems Theory, Marxism and Feminism 3. The Concept of National Power: Its Constituents and Limitations

4. The Management of Power: Balance of Power and Collective Security

5. The Concept of Non-alignment: Bases, Role and Relevance Course 6: Issues in World Politics

Units: 1. Foreign Policy and Diplomacy 2. War, Arms Race and Disarmament 3. International Law and Organisation: Achievements, Limitations and Prospects. 4. Regional Organisations: Patterns, Role and Importance 5. Contemporary Challenges: Terrorism, Human Rights, Globalisation and Clash of Civilisations Course 7: Theoretical Aspects of Comparative Politics

Units: 1. The Study of Comparative Politics: Its Nature and Development 2. Systems and Structural-Functionalist Approaches 3. Marxist and Feminist Approaches 4. Strategies for Comparison 5. Typology of Political Systems

Course 8: Issues in Comparative Politics Units: 1. Political Culture and Socialisation 2. Political Elites and Classes 3. Political Parties and Elections 4. Interest Groups and People’s Movements 5. Political Development and Revolution

11. हिन्दी

इकाई 1. हिन्दी साहित्य का इतििास- आहदकाल, मध्यकाल, आधुतिक काल- परिस्थितियाां, प्रवतृ्तियाां, प्रमुख कत्तव औि उिकी कृतियाां।

इकाई 2. हिन्दी भाषा का इतििास, भाषाओां का वर्गीकिण, हिन्दी भाषा का उद्भव औि त्तवकास, भाषा के त्तवभभन्ि रूप, हिन्दी भाषा की बोभलयाां, शब्द भांडाि, भलत्तप का उद्भव औि त्तवकास, भाषा की त्तवशेषिा, भात्तषक वर्गीकिण- ध्वति त्तवज्ञाि, पद त्तवज्ञाि, रूप त्तवज्ञाि, वाक्य त्तवज्ञाि, अिथ त्तवज्ञाि।

इकाई 3. भाििीय काव्यशाथर, काव्य के लक्षण, काव्य िेिु, काव्य प्रयोजि, काव्य की आत्मा, काव्य के र्गुण दोष, त्तवभभन्ि काव्य सम्प्प्रदाय- िस सम्प्प्रदाय, ध्वति सम्प्प्रदाय, िीति सम्प्प्रदाय, अलांकाि सम्प्प्रदाय, वक्रोस्क्ि सम्प्प्रदाय, औचित्य सम्प्प्रदाय,

शब्द शस्क्ि, काव्य के भेद।

इकाई 4. पाश्िात्य काव्यशाथर, प्लेटो के काव्य सम्प्बन्धी त्तविाि, अिथिु के काव्य भसद्धान्ि, लोंजाइन्स के काव्य सम्प्बन्धी त्तविाि, टी. एस. इभलयट, रििडथस, क्रोि,े कालरिज, मैथ्यू आिाथल्ड, थवच्छन्दिावाद, माक्र्सवाद, मिोत्तवश्लेषणवाद, यिािथवाद।

इकाई 5. हिन्दी साहित्य की र्गद्य त्तवधाएां, हिन्दी किािी का उद्भव औि त्तवकास, प्रमुख किािीकाि औि प्रमुख उिकी किातियाां- पे्रमिन्द, जयशांकि प्रसाद, जैिेन्र, यशपाल, अजे्ञय, कमलेश्वि, भीष्म साििी, मन्िू भण्डािी, उषा त्तप्रयांवदा, मदृलुा र्गर्गथ हिन्दी उपन्यास का उद्भव औि त्तवकास- पे्रमिन्द पूवथ युर्ग, पे्रमिन्द युर्ग, पे्रमिन्दोिि युर्ग, प्रमुख हिन्दी उपन्यासकाि औिै उिके उपन्यास- पे्रमिन्द, जैिेन्र, यशपाल, अजे्ञय? भष्म साििी, अमिृलाल िार्गि, िजािीप्रसाद द्त्तववेदी, फणीश्वििाि िेणु

हिन्दी िाटक का उद्भव औि त्तवकास, हिन्दी के प्रमुख िाटककाि औि उिके िाटक

हिन्दी तिबन्ध का त्तवकास, प्रमुख तिबन्धकाि- िामिन्र शुक्ल, िजािीप्रसाद द्त्तववेदी, त्तवद्यातिवास भमश्र, त्तवष्णु प्रभाकि

इकाई 6. हिन्दी के प्रमुख कत्तव औि उिकी कृतियाां, आहदकाभलि कत्तव-अमीि खुसिो, त्तवद्यापति, भस्क्िकाल के कत्तव-कबीिदास,

िुलसीदास, सूिदास, मीिाबाई, िीतिकाभलि कत्तव-केशवदास, चिन्िामणण, बबिािी, घिािन्द, आलम, बोधा, ठाकुि, आधुतिक कालीि कत्तव-भाििने्द,ु जयशांकि प्रसाद, मिादेवी वमाथ, तििाला, सुभमरािन्दि पन्ि,केदाििाि अग्रवाल, िार्गाजथि, धूभमल।

इकाई 7. हिन्दी परकारििा- अिथ ,परिभाषा औि थवरूप, हिन्दी परकारििा का इतििास, त्तवत्तवध रूप, भािि में परकारििा की पषृ्ठभूभम, हिन्दी के प्रमुख परकाि, सांपादि कला, त्तवज्ञापि लेखि।

इकाई 8. प्रयोजिमूलक हिन्दी, िाजभाषा हिन्दी का त्तवकास, भाििीय सांत्तवधाि औि हिन्दी, हिन्दी ििा अन्य भाििीय भाषाओां का सम्प्बन्ध, कायाथलयी हिन्दी, सांक्षेपण, हटप्पण लेखि।

इकाई 9. अिुवाद कला, हिन्दी अिुवाद- अिथ, परिभाषा, थवरूप औि प्रकाि, अिुवाद प्रक्रक्रया के त्तवत्तवध सोपाि, स्रोि भाषा औि लक्ष्य भाषा, अिुवाद का मित्व औि उपयोचर्गिा, अिुवाद की समीक्षा, अिुवाद के र्गुण।

इकाई 10. भाििीय साहित्य, भाििीय साहित्य की अवधािणा एवां थवरूप, भाििीय साहित्य के अध्ययि की समथयाएां, भाििीय साहित्य के त्तवकास के ििण, भाििीय साहित्य का समाजशाथर, भाििीय साहित्य में आज के भािि का बबम्प्ब,

साहित्य में भाििीय मूल्यों की अभभव्यस्क्ि।

12. CIVIL ENGINEERING

Unit 1 Structural Engineering:Engineering Mechanics: System of forces, free-body diagrams, equilibrium equations;

Internal forces in structures; Friction and its applications; Kinematics of point mass and rigid body; Centre of

mass; Euler’s equations of motion; Impulse-momentum; Energy methods; Principles of virtual work. Solid

Mechanics: Bending moment and shear force in statically determinate beams; Simple stress and strain

relationships; Theories of failures; Simple bending theory, flexural and shear stresses, shear centre; Uniform

torsion, buckling of column, combined and direct bending stresses. Structural Analysis: Statically determinate

and indeterminate structures by force/ energy methods; Method of superposition; Analysis of trusses, arches,

beams, cables and frames; Displacement methods: Slope deflection and moment distribution methods; Influence

lines; Stiffness and flexibility methods of structural analysis. Concrete Structures: Working stress, Limit state

and Ultimate load design concepts; Design of beams, slabs, columns; Bond and development length; Prestressed

concrete; Analysis of beam sections at transfer and service loads. Steel Structures: Working stress and Limit

state design concepts; Design of tension and compression members, beams and beam- columns, column bases;

Connections - simple and eccentric, beam-column connections, plate girders and trusses; Plastic analysis of

beams and frames. Unit 2 Geotechnical Engineering Soil Mechanics: Origin of soils, soil structure and fabric; Three-phase system and

phase relationships, index properties; Soil classification system; Permeability – one and two dimensional flow;

flow nets; Principle of effective stress, capillarity, seepage force and quicksand condition; Compaction in

laboratory and field conditions; One dimensional consolidation, time rate of consolidation; Shear strength;

Mohr’s circle, effective and total shear strength parameters, Dynamic properties of soil and there measurement .

Foundation Engineering: Sub-surface investigations; Earth pressure theories - Rankine and Coulomb; Stability

of slopes - finite and infinite slopes; Stress distribution in soils - Boussinesq’s and Westergaard’s theories,

pressure bulbs; Shallow foundations - Terzaghi’s and Meyerhoff’s bearing capacity theories, effect of water table;

Combined footing and raft foundation; Contact pressure; Settlement analysis in sands and clays; Deep

foundations - types of piles, dynamic and static formulae, load capacity of piles in sands and clays, pile load test,

negative skin friction. Unit 3 Environmental Engineering: Water and Waste Water: Quality standards, basic unit processes and operations

for water treatment. Drinking water standards, water requirements, basic unit operations and unit processes for

surface water treatment, distribution of water. Sewage and sewerage treatment, quantity and characteristics of

wastewater. Primary, secondary and tertiary treatment of wastewater, effluent discharge standards. Domestic

wastewater treatment, quantity of characteristics of domestic wastewater, primary and secondary treatment. Unit

operations and unit processes of domestic wastewater, sludge disposal. Air Pollution: Types of pollutants, their

sources and impacts, air pollution meteorology, air pollution control, air quality standards and limits. Municipal

Solid Wastes: Characteristics, generation, collection and transportation of solid wastes, engineered systems for

solid waste management (reuse/ recycle, energy recovery, treatment and disposal). Noise Pollution: Impacts of

noise, permissible limits of noise pollution, measurement of noise and control of noise pollution. 12 Unit 4 Transportation Engineering: Transportation Infrastructure: Highway alignment and engineering surveys;

Geometric design of highways – cross-sectional elements, sight distances, horizontal and vertical alignments;

Geometric design of railway track; Airport runway length, taxiway and exit taxiway design. Highway

Pavements: Highway materials – desirable properties and quality control tests; Design of bituminous paving

mixes; Design factors for flexible and rigid pavements; Design of flexible pavement using IRC: 37-2012; Design

of rigid pavements using IRC: 58-2011; Distresses in concrete pavements. Traffic Engineering: Traffic studies

on flow, speed, travel time – delay and O-D study, PCU, peak hour factor, parking study, accident study and

analysis, statistical analysis of traffic data; Microscopic and macroscopic parameters of traffic flow, fundamental

relationships; Control devices, signal design by Webster’s method; Types of intersections and channelization;

Highway capacity and level of service of rural highways and urban roads.

13. COMPUTER SCIENCE & ENGINEERING

Unit 1 Discrete Mathematics: Propositional and first order logic.Sets, relations, functions, partial orders and lattices.Groups.Graphs: connectivity, matching, coloring. Combinatorics: counting, recurrence relations,

generating functions. Probability: Random variables. Uniform, normal, exponential, poisson and binomial

distributions.Mean, median, mode and standard deviation. Conditional probability and Bayes theorem. Unit 2 Computer Organization and Architecture Machine instructions and addressing modes.ALU, data‐path and control unit.Instruction pipelining. Memory hierarchy: cache, main memory and secondary storage; I/O interface (interrupt and DMA mode). Unit 3 Algorithms Searching, sorting, hashing. Asymptotic worst case time and space complexity. Algorithm design techniques: greedy, dynamic programming and divide‐and‐conquer , Backtracking, Branch & Bound , Optimization Technique. Graph search, minimum spanning trees, shortest paths. Unit 4 Software Engineering Role of Software, Changing Nature of Software, Legacy Software, Software Myths. A Generic View of Process:

Software Engineering -A Layered Technology, A Process Framework, The CMMI, Process Patterns, Process

Assessment, Personal and Team Process Models, Process Technology, Product and Process.Test Strategies for

Object Oriented Software,Art of Debugging. Unit 5Theory of Computation: Regular expressions and finite automata. Context free grammars and push down

automata. Regular and contex free languages, pumping lemma. Turing machines and undecidability. Unit 6 Operating System: Processes,threads, interprocess communication, concurrency and synchronization. Deadlock.CPU scheduling.Memory management and virtual memory. File systems. Unit 7 Databases Management System: ER model. Relational model: relational algebra, tuple calculus, SQL. Integrity

constraints, normal forms.File organization, indexing (e.g., B and B+ trees). Transactions and concurrency

control. Unit 8 Computer Network Reference models, Physical Layer, Multiple access protocols, Ethernet, Routing algorithms, Congestion control

algorithms, Quality of service, Internet working, Network layer in the Internet, Transport service, Elements of

transport protocols, Internet transport protocols: TCP & UDP, Domain Name System Sexction 10: Web

Technology. Unit 9 WEB Technologies World Wide Web, markup language like HTML, XHTML and XML, dynamic content

generated languages like ASP, JSP and SERVLETS

14. MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

Unit 1 Materials Science& Metallurgy: Classification of engineering materials, crystallography, solid solutions,

eutectic, eutectoid, peritectic and peritectoid transformations, iron carbon diagrams, TTT diagrams, alloys and

composite materials. Unit 2 Manufacturing Processes and Machine Tools: Manufacturing Processes: Casting, forging, sheet metal

working, rolling, extrusion, metal joining processes (welding, soldering,and brazing). Machine Tools: Lathe machine, drilling machine and grinding machine (basic elements, working and types of

operations).Non-conventional machining methods, Introduction to NC, CNC, and DNC. Unit3 Introduction to Thermodynamics: System, process, properties, specific properties, concept of

mechanical work & heat, heat engine, heat pump and refrigerator, efficiency and COP terms, Laws of

Thermodynamics (Zeroth, First and Second laws) , various power cycles, refrigeration and air-conditioning. Unit 4 Energy Producing Devices/Thermal Engineering Devices: Boilers, working principle of two stroke and four

stroke ICengines (diesel and petrol). Power absorbing devices: pumps (reciprocating and centrifugal, rotary pumps), compressors (reciprocating and

centrifugal compressors), fans, blowers. Unit 5 Design of Machine Elements: Design Fundamentals: Design concept, need, design considerations, design of machine elements. Mechanisms: Kinematic link, kinematic pair, kinematic chain, mechanisms (four barand slider crank).Machine Elements: Shaft, axle, keys, coupling (rigid & flexible), drives (belt, chain & gear), brakes. Unit 6 Fluid Mechanics and Machinery: Fluid statics, dynamics and kinematics, dimensional analysis and model

testing, water turbines, pumps, and hydraulic couplings, computational fluid dynamics. Unit 7 Industrial Engineering: Productivity, method study and work measurements, types of production systems, plant

layouts, aggregate planning, master production scheduling, materials requirement planning, facility layouts,

sequencing and scheduling, CPM and PERT, inventory management and quality control.

15. ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATIONS ENGINEERING

Unit 1: Digital electronics: Variables and Functions , Inversion, Truth Tables , Logic gates and Networks,

Boolean Algebra , Synthesis Using AND ,OR,NOT , NAND and NOR Gates. Design Examples – Karnaugh Map – Strategy for Minimization, Minimization of product of Sums forms, Combinational Circuits Building Blocks –

Multiplexers, Decoders – Encoders Code Converters, Arithmetic Comparison Circuits – Flip flop, Registers,

Counters Unit 2: Discrete Fourier Transforms (DFT): Frequency domain sampling and reconstruction of discrete time

signals. Fourier Series and transform, DFT and its Properties, Circular convolution IIR filter design:

Characteristics of commonly used analog filters – Butterworth and Chebysheve filters, analog to analog

frequency transformations. Design of IIR filters from analog filters (Butterworth and Chebyshev) - impulse

invariance method, Bilinear transformation method FIR filter design: Introduction to FIR filters, design of FIR

filters using - Rectangular, Hamming, Barlet and Kaiser windows, Implementation of discrete-time systems:

Structures for IIR and FIR systems-direct form I and direct form II systems, cascade, and parallel realization. Unit 3:Electromagnetic fields: Maxwell's equations, electromagnetic fields, Sparameters, basic Transmission

line equations, impedance transformers, basics of antennas, antenna specifications Digital communications :

sampling – quantization – encoding – aliasing – Nyquist rate - Modulation schemes PAM, PCM,PSK, FSK,

QAM and higher order of modulation techniques and their error performance – pulse shaping, matched filter.

16 LIFE SCIENCES

1. MOLECULES AND THEIR INTERACTION RELAVENT TOBIOLOGY A. Structure of atoms, molecules and chemical bonds. B. Composition, structure and function of bio molecules (carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids and

vitamins). C. Stablizing interactions (Vander Waals, electrostatic, hydrogen bonding, hydrophobic interaction etc.). D. Principles of biophysical chemistry (pH, buffer, reaction kinetics, thermodynamics, colligative properties). E. Bioenergetics, glycolysis, oxidative phosphorylation, coupled reaction, group transfer, biological energy

transducers. F. Principles of catalysis, enzymes and enzyme kinetics, enzyme regulation, mechanism of enzyme catalysis,

isozymes. G. Conformation of proteins (Ramachandran plot, secondary, tertiary and quaternary structure; domains; motif

and folds). H. Conformation of nucleic acids (A-, B-, Z-, DNA), t-RNA, micro-RNA). I. Stability of protein and nucleic acid structures. J. Metabolism of carbohydrates, lipids, amino acids, nucleotides and vitamins. 2. 2. CELLULARORGANIZATION A. Membrane structure and function: Structure of model membrane, lipid bilayer and membrane protein

diffusion, osmosis, ion channels, active transport, ion pumps, mechanism of sorting and regulation of intracellular

transport, electrical properties of membranes. B. Structural organization and function of intracellular organelles: Cell wall, nucleus, mitochondria, Golgi

bodies, lysosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, peroxisomes, plastids, vacuoles, chloroplast, structure & function of

cytoskeleton and its role inmotility. C. Organization of genes and chromosomes: Operon, interrupted genes, gene families, structure of chromatin

and chromosomes, unique and repetitive DNA, heterochromatin, euchromatin, transposons. D. Cell division and cell cycle: Mitosis and meiosis, their regulation, steps in cell cycle, and control of cell

cycle. E. Microbial Physiology: Growth, yield and characteristics, strategies of cell division, stress response. 3. FUNDAMENTALPROCESSES A. DNA replication, repair and recombination: Unit of replication, enzymes involved, replication origin and

replication fork, fidelity of replication, extra chromosomal replicons, DNA damage and repair mechanisms. B. RNA synthesis and processing: Transcription factors and machinery, formation of initiation complex,

transcription activators and repressors, RNA polymerases, capping, elongation and termination, RNA processing,

RNA editing, splicing, polyadenylation, structure and function of different types of RNA, RNA transport. C. Protein synthesis and processing: Ribosome, formation of initiation complex, initiation factors and their

regulation, elongation and elongation factors, termination, genetic code, aminoacylation of tRNA, tRNA-identity,

aminoacyl tRNA synthetase, translational proof-reading, translational inhibitors, post- translational modification

of proteins. D. Control of gene expression at transcription and translation level: Regulation of phages, viruses,

prokaryotic and eukaryotic gene expression, role of chromatin in regulating gene expression and gene silencing. 4. CELL COMMUNICATION AND CELLSIGNALING

A. Host parasite interaction: Recognition and entry processes of different pathogens like bacteria, viruses into

animal and plant host cells, alteration of host cell behavior by pathogens, virus-induced cell transformation,

pathogen-induced diseases in animals and plants, cell-cell fusion in both normal and abnormal cells.

B. Cell signaling: Hormones and their receptors, cell surface receptor, signaling through G-protein coupled

receptors, signal transduction pathways, second messengers, regulation of signaling pathways, bacterial and plant

two-component signaling systems, bacterial chemotaxis and quorum sensing. C. Cellular communication: Regulation of hematopoiesis, general principles of cell communication, cell

adhesion and roles of different adhesion molecules, gap junctions, extracellular matrix, integrins,

neurotransmission and its regulation. D. Cancer: Genetic rearrangements in progenitor cells, oncogenes, tumor suppressor genes, cancer and the cell

cycle, virus-induced cancer, metastasis, interaction of cancer cells with normal cells, apoptosis, therapeutic

interventions of uncontrolled cell growth. E. Innate and adaptive immune system: Cells and molecules involved in innate and adaptive immunity,

antigens, antigenicity and immunogenicity. B and T cell epitopes, structure and function of antibody molecules,

generation of antibody diversity, monoclonal antibodies, antibody engineering, antigen-antibody interactions,

MHC molecules, antigen processing and presentation, activation and differentiation of B and T cells, B and T cell

receptors, humoral and cell- mediated immune responses, primary and secondary immune modulation, the

complement system, Toll-like receptors, cell-mediated effector functions, inflammation, hypersensitivity and

autoimmunity, immune response during bacterial (tuberculosis), parasitic (malaria) and viral (HIV) infections,

congenital and acquired immunodeficiencies, vaccines. 5. DEVELOPMENTALBIOLOGY

A. Basic concepts of development: Potency, commitment, specification, induction, competence, determination

and differentiation; morphogenetic gradients; cell fate and cell lineages; stem cells; genomic equivalence and the

cytoplasmic determinants; imprinting; mutants and transgenics in analysis of development. B. Gametogenesis, fertilization and early development: Production of gametes, cell surface molecules in

sperm-egg recognition in animals; embryo sac development and double fertilization in plants; zygote formation,

cleavage, blastula formation, embryonic fields, gastrulation and formation of germ layers in animals;

embryogenesis, establishment of symmetry in plants; seed formation and germination. C. Morphogenesis and organogenesis in animals: Cell aggregation and differentiation in Dictyostelium; axes

and pattern formation in Drosophila, amphibia and chick; organogenesis – vulva formation in Caenorhabditis

elegans; eye lens induction, limb development and regeneration in vertebrates; differentiation of neurons, post

embryonic development-larval formation, metamorphosis; environmental regulation of normal development; sex

determination. D. Morphogenesis and organogenesis in plants: Organization of shoot and root apical meristem; shoot and

root development; leaf development and phyllotaxy; transition to flowering, floral meristems and floral

development in Arabidopsis and Antirrhinum. E. Programmed cell death, aging and senescence. 6. SYSTEM PHYSIOLOGY - PLANT A. Photosynthesis: Light harvesting complexes; mechanisms of electron transport; photoprotective mechanisms;

CO2 fixation-C3, C4 and CAM pathways. B. Respiration and photorespiration: Citric acid cycle; plant mitochondrial electron transport and ATP

synthesis; alternate oxidase; photorespiratory pathway. C. Nitrogen metabolism: Nitrate and ammonium assimilation; amino acid biosynthesis. D. Plant hormones: Biosynthesis, storage, breakdown and transport; physiological effects and mechanisms of

action. E. Sensory photobiology: Structure, function and mechanisms of action of phytochromes, cryptochromes and

phototropins; stomatal movement; photoperiodism and biological clocks. F. Solute transport and photoassimilate translocation: Uptake, transport and translocation of water, ions,

solutes and macromolecules from soil, through cells, across membranes, through xylem and phloem;

transpiration; mechanisms of loading and unloading of photo assimilates. G. Secondary metabolites - Biosynthesis of terpenes, phenols and nitrogenous compounds and their roles. H. Stress physiology: Responses of plants to biotic (pathogen and insects) and abiotic (water, temperature and

salt) stresses; mechanisms of resistance to biotic stress and tolerance to abiotic stress

7. SYSTEM PHYSIOLOGY -ANIMAL A. Blood and circulation: Blood corpuscles, haemopoiesis and formed elements, plasma function, blood

volume, blood volume regulation, blood groups, haemoglobin, immunity, haemostasis. B. Cardiovascular System: Comparative anatomy of heart structure, myogenic heart, specialized tissue, ECG –

its principle and significance, cardiac cycle, heart as a pump, blood pressure, neural and chemical regulation of all

above. C. Respiratory system: Comparison of respiration in different species, anatomical considerations, transport of

gases, exchange of gases, waste elimination, neural and chemical regulation of respiration. D. Nervous system: Neurons, action potential, gross neuroanatomy of the brain and spinal cord, central and

peripheral nervous system, neural control of muscle tone and posture. E. Sense organs: Vision, hearing and tactile response. F. Excretory system: Comparative physiology of excretion, kidney, urine formation, urine concentration, waste

elimination, regulation of water balance, blood volume, blood pressure, electrolyte balance, acid-base balance. G. Thermoregulation: Comfort zone, body temperature – physical, chemical, neural regulation,

acclimatization. H. Stress and adaptation I. Digestive system: Digestion, absorption, energy balance, BMR. J. Endocrinology and reproduction: Endocrine glands, basic mechanism of hormone action, hormones and

diseases; reproductive processes, neuroendocrine regulation.

8. INHERITANCEBIOLOGY

A. Mendelian principles: Dominance, segregation, independent assortment, deviation from Mendelian

inheritance. B. Concept of gene: Allele, multiple alleles, pseudo allele, complementation tests. C. Extensions of Mendelian principles: Codominance, incomplete dominance, gene interactions, pleiotropy,

genomic imprinting, penetrance and expressivity, phenocopy, linkage and crossing over, sex linkage, sex limited

and sex influenced characters. D. Gene mapping methods: Linkage maps, tetrad analysis, mapping with molecular markers, mapping by using

somatic cell hybrids, development of mapping population in plants. E. Extra chromosomal inheritance: Inheritance of mitochondrial and chloroplast genes, maternal inheritance. F. Microbial genetics: Methods of genetic transfers – transformation, conjugation, transduction and sex-

duction, mapping genes by interrupted mating, fine structure analysis of genes. G. Human genetics: Pedigree analysis, lod score for linkage testing, karyotypes, genetic disorders. H. Quantitative genetics: Polygenic inheritance, heritability and its measurements, QTL mapping. I. Mutation: Types, causes and detection, mutant types – lethal, conditional, biochemical, loss of function, gain

of function, germinal verses somatic mutants, insertional mutagenesis. J. Structural and numerical alterations of chromosomes: Deletion, duplication, inversion, translocation,

ploidy and their genetic implications.

K. Recombination: Homologous and non-homologous recombination, including transposition, site-specific

recombination.

9. DIVERSITY OF LIFEFORMS A. Principles and methods of taxonomy: Concepts of species and hierarchical taxa, biological nomenclature,

classical and quantitative methods of taxonomy of plants, animals and microorganisms. B. Levels of structural organization: Unicellular, colonial and multicellular forms; levels of organization of

tissues, organs and systems; comparative anatomy. C. Outline classification of plants, animals and microorganisms: Important criteria used for classification in

each taxon; classification of plants, animals and microorganisms; evolutionary relationships among taxa. D. Natural history of Indian subcontinent: Major habitat types of the subcontinent, geographic origins and

migrations of species; common Indian mammals, birds; seasonality and phenology of the subcontinent. E. Organisms of health and agricultural importance: Common parasites and pathogens of humans, domestic

animals and crops. 10. ECOLOGICALPRINCIPLES A. The Environment: Physical environment; biotic environment; biotic and abiotic interactions. B. Habitat and niche: Concept of habitat and niche; niche width and overlap; fundamental and realized niche;

resource partitioning; character displacement. C. Population ecology: Characteristics of a population; population growth curves; population regulation; life

history strategies (r and K selection); concept of metapopulation – demes and dispersal, interdemic extinctions,

age structured populations. D. Species interactions: Types of interactions, interspecific competition, herbivory, carnivory, pollination,

symbiosis. E. Community ecology: Nature of communities; community structure and attributes; levels of species diversity

and its measurement; edges and ecotones. F. Ecological succession: Types; mechanisms; changes involved in succession; concept of climax. G. Ecosystem: Structure and function; energy flow and mineral cycling (CNP); primary production and

decomposition; structure and function of some Indian ecosystems: terrestrial (forest, grassland) and aquatic (fresh

water, marine, estuarine). H. Biogeography: Major terrestrial biomes; theory of island biogeography; biogeographical zones of India. I. Applied ecology: Environmental pollution; global environmental change; biodiversity-status, monitoring and

documentation; major drivers of biodiversity change; biodiversity management approaches. J. Conservation biology: Principles of conservation, major approaches to management, Indian case studies on

conservation/management strategy (Project Tiger, Biosphere reserves).

11. EVOLUTION AND BEHAVIOUR A. Emergence of evolutionary thoughts: Lamarck; Darwin–concepts of variation, adaptation, struggle, fitness

and natural selection; Mendelism; spontaneity of mutations; the evolutionary synthesis. B. Origin of cells and unicellular evolution: Origin of basic biological molecules; abiotic synthesis of organic

monomers and polymers; concept of Oparin and Haldane; experiment of Miller (1953); the first cell; evolution of

prokaryotes; origin of eukaryotic cells; evolution of unicellular eukaryotes; anaerobic metabolism, photosynthesis

and aerobic metabolism. C. Paleontology and evolutionary history: The evolutionary time scale; eras, periods and epoch; major events

in the evolutionary time scale; origins of unicellular and multicellular organisms; major groups of plants and

animals; stages in primate evolution including Homo. D. Molecular Evolution: Concepts of neutral evolution, molecular divergence and molecular clocks; molecular

tools in phylogeny, classification and identification; protein and nucleotide sequence analysis; origin of new

genes and proteins; gene duplication and divergence. E. The Mechanisms: Population genetics – populations, gene pool, gene frequency; Hardy-Weinberg law;

concepts and rate of change in gene frequency through natural selection, migration and random genetic drift;

adaptive radiation and modifications; isolating mechanisms; speciation; allopatricity and sympatricity;

convergent evolution; sexual selection; co-evolution.

F. Brain, Behavior and Evolution: Approaches and methods in study of behavior; proximate and ultimate

causation; altruism and evolution-group selection, kin selection, reciprocal altruism; neural basis of learning,

memory, cognition, sleep and arousal; biological clocks; development of behavior; social communication; social

dominance; use of space and territoriality; mating systems, parental investment and reproductive success;

parental care; aggressive behavior; habitat selection and optimality in foraging; migration, orientation and

navigation; domestication and behavioral changes. 12. APPLIED BIOLOGY: A. Microbial fermentation and production of small and macromolecules. B. Application of immunological principles (vaccines, diagnostics). tissue and cell culture methods for plants

and animals. C. Transgenic animals and plants, molecular approaches to diagnosis and strain identification. D. Genomics and its application to health and agriculture, including gene therapy. E. Bioresource and uses of biodiversity. F. Breeding in plants and animals, including marker – assisted selection. G. Bioremediation and phytoremediation. H. Biosensors.

13. METHODS INBIOLOGY A. Molecular biology and recombinant DNA methods: Isolation and purification of RNA, DNA (genomic

and plasmid) and proteins, different separation methods; analysis of RNA, DNA and proteins by one and two

dimensional gel electrophoresis, isoelectric focusing gels; molecular cloning of DNA or RNA fragments in

bacterial and eukaryotic systems; expression of recombinant proteins using bacterial, animal and plant vectors;

isolation of specific nucleic acid sequences; generation of genomic and cDNA libraries in plasmid, phage,

cosmid, BAC and YAC vectors; in vitro mutagenesis and deletion techniques, gene knock out in bacterial and

eukaryotic organisms; protein sequencing methods, detection of post-translation modification of proteins; DNA

sequencing methods, strategies for genome sequencing; methods for analysis of gene expression at RNA and

protein level, large scale expression analysis, such as micro array based techniques; isolation, separation and

analysis of carbohydrate and lipid molecules; RFLP, RAPD and AFLPtechniques B. Histochemical and immunotechniques: Antibody generation, detection of molecules using ELISA, RIA,

western blot, immune precipitation, flow cytometry and immunofluorescence microscopy, detection of molecules

in living cells, in situ localization by techniques such as FISH and GISH. C. Biophysical methods: Analysis of biomolecules using UV/visible, fluorescence, circular dichroism, NMR

and ESR spectroscopy, structure determination using X-ray diffraction and NMR; analysis using light scattering,

different types of mass spectrometry and surface plasma resonance methods. D. Statistical Methods: Measures of central tendency and dispersal; probability distributions (Binomial,

Poisson and normal); sampling distribution; difference between parametric and non-parametric statistics;

confidence interval; errors; levels of significance; regression and correlation; t-test; analysis of variance; X2 test;;

basic introduction to Muetrovariate statistics, etc. E. Radiolabeling techniques: Properties of different types of radioisotopes normally used in biology, their

detection and measurement; incorporation of radioisotopes in biological tissues and cells, molecular imaging of

radioactive material, safety guidelines. F. Microscopic techniques: Visulization of cells and subcellular components by light microscopy, resolving

powers of different microscopes, microscopy of living cells, scanning and transmission microscopes, different

fixation and staining techniques for EM, freeze-etch and freeze-fracture methods for EM, image processing

methods inmicroscopy. G. Electrophysiological methods: Single neuron recording, patch-clamp recording, ECG, Brain activity

recording, lesion and stimulation of brain, pharmacological testing, PET, MRI, fMRI, CAT . H. Methods in field biology: Methods of estimating population density of animals and plants, ranging patterns through direct, indirect and remote observations, sampling methods in the study of behavior, habitat

characterization-ground and remote sensing methods. I. Computational methods: Nucleic acid and protein sequence databases; data mining methods for sequence

analysis, web-based tools for sequence searches, motif analysis and presentation.