system of education in japan
TRANSCRIPT
SYSTEM OF EDUCATION IN JAPAN
Japan(Land of the Rising Sun)
Summer School Year 2014COMPARATIVE EDUCATION
Mrs Victoria O SuperalReporter
JapanFacts and Figures
4 major islands and over 4000 smaller islands
Primarily mountainous terrain
Population 127417200
Capital City Tokyo
Currency Yen
Language Japanese
Religions Buddist and Shinto 85
Principle and General Objectives of Education
bull The basic principles for education in Japan are defined in the Constitutionenacted in 1946 and the Fundamental Law of Education of 1947 revised in 2006
bull The constitution provides for the basic right and duty of
citizens of Japan to receive eduction as follows All citizens shall have the right to receive an equal
education corresponding to their abilities as provided for by lawThe Citizens shall be obligated to have all boys and girls under the protection receive general education as provided for by law Such compulsory education shall be free (Art 26)
Structure and Governance of Schools
System is organized as follows 6 years of elementary school 3 years of junior high school 3 years of high school 4 years of college
Compulsory education from ages 5-14
240 day school year with a 6 day school week ndash approximately 30 days devoted to out of classroom experiences
School System
o Japanese educational system was reformed after World War II (1947)
o Old 6-5-3-3 system
o Now 6-3-3-4 (6 years of elementary school 3 years of junior high school 3 y
ears of senior high school and 4 years of University)
o An elementary school (from 6 years) and junior high school (3 years) education nine years of schooling are considered compulsory
MEXT ndash Ministry of Education Culture Sports Science and Technology regulates educational system
o The Ministry of Education closely supervises curriculum textbooks classes and maintains a uniform level of education throughout the country As a result a high standard of education is possible
School System
o 100 enrollment in compulsory grades and zero illiteracy
o high school (koukou) enrollment is over 96 nationwide and nearly 100 in the cities
o About 46 of all high school graduates go on to university or junior college
School System
National School Curriculum
o Elementary schoolJapanesesocial studiesMathematicsScienceMusic and artsHandicrafts and home
making physical education
o Middle SchoolJapaneseMathematicssocial studiesScienceEnglishMusicArtphysical education field tripsclubs and homeroom
time
National School Curriculum
Middle curriculum-Students receive instruction from specialist
subject teachers-The pace is quick and instruction is text-book
bound because teachers have to cover a lot of ground in preparation for high school entrance examinations
High Schools -adopt highly divergent high school curricula the
content may contain general or highly specialized subjects depending on the different types of high school
o A basic characteristic throughout elementary and secondary education is the continuing emphasis on science and mathematics
o The Japanese consider these subjects the basic building blocks of technology and curriculum requirements ensure that all children receive extensive grounding in them
o Mathematics is one of the required subjects on university entrance examinations and hence receives continuing attention through all grades
Elementary School
Establishmentbull Establishment by the State local governments and incorporated educational institutionsbull Compulsory school establishment (municipalities) and compulsory school enrollment
Managementbull Management and expense burdens by foundersbull System of the National Treasuryrsquos Share of Compulsory Education Expenditurebull System of teaching staff supported by prefectural fundsbull Administration by municipal board of education
Lower Secondary School
bull Individual lower secondary educational institutions in a single-track 6-3-3-4
school systembull A guarantee of the secondary education as compulsory educational institutions
Establishmentbull Established by the state regional bodies or educational corporationsbull Municipalitiesrsquo obligation to establish compulsory school and obligation of
a person who has parental authority to enroll children for compulsory schoolbull Dualization of compulsory secondary education by putting lower secondary
schools under the authority of prefectures
Administrationbull Administration and expense-burden by the founder
the School Education Law bull System of the National Treasurys Share of Compulsory Education Expendituresbull The system of teaching staff supported by prefectural fundsbull Administration of the municipal board of education
Objectives
Upper Secondary School
Types of upper secondary school systems Full-time school - part-time course - correspondence course Grade system ndash credit system Ordinary education department - Specialized education department
- Comprehensive department General education course - Advanced course - Specialized course
Educational Curriculum of upper secondary school
Subjects Special Activities and Integrated Study Ordinary subjects and subjects for specialized education Requirements for graduation more than 74 credits
HIGH SCHOOL
High Schools may be classified into one of the following types
1Elite academic high schools collect the creme de la creme of the student population and send the majority of its graduates to top national universities
2Non-elite academic high schools ostensibly prepare students for less prestigious universities or junior colleges but really send a large number of their students to private specialist schools (book-keepinglanguages and computer programming)
HIGH SCHOOL
3Vocational High Schools - it offer courses in commerce technical subjects agriculture and ho
me sciencenursing and fishery Approximately 60 of their graduates enter full-time employment
4Evening High School-they offer classes to poor but ambitious students who worked while trying to remedy their educational deficiencies
5Correspondence High School - offers a flexible form of schooling for 16 of high school students
usually those who missed out on high schooling for various reasons
Colleges of TechnologyCharacteristicsbull Set up in 1967 by requests from business circlesbull 5-year technical educational institution after compulsory educationbull Industrial course and mercantile course as special fields (Departments include also Information and Management)bull Have both characteristics of the upper course of secondary education (upper secondary school) and the lower course of higher education (junior college)bull Modification of single track school system ndash systematic end-up and transfer to universities
Organizationbull Departments as educational organizationsbull Grade Class system ndash 40 students per classbull Teachersrsquo organization based on university and managementbull organization based on non-university
Universities (Colleges and graduate schools)
Types of University Institutionsbull Higher educational institutions ndash Post-secondary educational instituti
onsbull Tertiary educational institutions Colleges ndash universities ndash graduate
schools
Particularities of Universities in Japanbull Quantitative expansion ndash mass educationbull Examination competition and university stratification
Current Reforms of University Educationbull The decline in birth rates reorganization and integration of universiti
esbull The conversion of colleges into 4-year universitiesbull Turning national universities into newly independent administrative institutions
Special Education
bull There are 995 schools for handicapped individuals
70 schools for the deaf
107 for the blind
790 for those with disabilities
This number is not seen as adequate to serve the population of special needs in the country
Schools for Handicapped
Schools for the handicappedbull Schools for the blind schools for the deaf schools for the
handicapped other than the blind and deafbull mentally retarded
Physically disabled and the health impaired Classbull Special class - eight studentsbull Special schools for the disabled- elementary and lower
secondary department - six students
upper secondary department ndash eight students
class for multiple handicappedndash three students
1049305
Teacher Methods and Training
Strong Professional Learning Communities among teachers
Teachers have 4 year degrees and are licensed through the government
Role of schools and teachers shifting in discipline and motivation of students
Teaching methods have shifted with reform efforts and movements not a tremendous amount of technology seen in classrooms
Strive for democratic classrooms
Moving away from skill and drill and are now expected to respond to individual students needs and encourage a ldquozest for livingrdquo
Called to be facilitators of learning rather than disseminators of knowledge
Class size averages 28 students
hellipto be honest we donrsquot always teach what we are supposed to We donrsquot have enough time in the schedule to teach math so we use that morning IS time for math If we donrsquot use that time for math we have to find other times to teach math
(Mr Aoyama 7th grade teacher)hellipthe Course of study contents have changed and were reduced The teachers have less material to cover but they arenrsquot sure how to deal with the changes They have become rudderless shifting from one direction to another They are under pressure to raise studentrsquos academic abilities which creates work and pressure (Mr Sekine 9 th grade teacher)
Japanese Culture
The role of the family in education of children is vital
The culture promoted within school focus on Cooperation Relationships Responsibility Following set rules and routines Values Punctuality Stewardship Loyalty Leadership amp subordinate roles
Place a high value on economic success
Confucius had a great impact on education in Japan
School Finance
National Government bears one third to one half of the cost of education
47 of the GNP is allocated to education
Schools across the nation are viewed as equal There is little variation in quality of the school due to area socio-economic factors
Challenges to Higher Education
bull Japan has already begun to experience a population decline with the result that many universities are already having difficulty maintaining their student populations although entry into top ranks of the universities remains hugely competitive
bull The emerging and foreseeable trend is that many universities will have to try to attract large numbers of foreigners or diversify or face closure It is also now said that a university education in Japan is within easier reach of students today but that quality of that higher education is now question despite the many educational reforms that have been set in motion
Higher Education in Japan
Japan is the worldrsquos largest source of study abroad students Both younger and older students (ages 12 ndash 50+) Economic downturn and need for life long learning Growing dissatisfaction with challenges and outcomes of higher educaton Very little guidance in courses or career paths
There is a push to increase the number of foreign exchange students
to aide in the development of Japan and international relations
The number grew from 10000 in 1983 to 64000 in 2000
Rapid decline in birthrate has higher education scrambling for ways to fill future seats and find financial security
Focus of Educational Reformbull Emphasis on Individuality - this is significantly
different from the current system that emphasizes harmony and uniformity They will focus on creativity and have more hands-on activities for children
bull Emphasis on Life Long Learning - this will bring about change in the current system from rote memorization to learning how to learn and higher level thinking
bull Emphasis on preparing students who can plan and cope with change and succeed in the information age and global society - there is political pressure for students to acquire the skills to compete internationally There is a move to provide students with comprehensive international learning to help students understand other cultures history and values
Thank you very much
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
-
JapanFacts and Figures
4 major islands and over 4000 smaller islands
Primarily mountainous terrain
Population 127417200
Capital City Tokyo
Currency Yen
Language Japanese
Religions Buddist and Shinto 85
Principle and General Objectives of Education
bull The basic principles for education in Japan are defined in the Constitutionenacted in 1946 and the Fundamental Law of Education of 1947 revised in 2006
bull The constitution provides for the basic right and duty of
citizens of Japan to receive eduction as follows All citizens shall have the right to receive an equal
education corresponding to their abilities as provided for by lawThe Citizens shall be obligated to have all boys and girls under the protection receive general education as provided for by law Such compulsory education shall be free (Art 26)
Structure and Governance of Schools
System is organized as follows 6 years of elementary school 3 years of junior high school 3 years of high school 4 years of college
Compulsory education from ages 5-14
240 day school year with a 6 day school week ndash approximately 30 days devoted to out of classroom experiences
School System
o Japanese educational system was reformed after World War II (1947)
o Old 6-5-3-3 system
o Now 6-3-3-4 (6 years of elementary school 3 years of junior high school 3 y
ears of senior high school and 4 years of University)
o An elementary school (from 6 years) and junior high school (3 years) education nine years of schooling are considered compulsory
MEXT ndash Ministry of Education Culture Sports Science and Technology regulates educational system
o The Ministry of Education closely supervises curriculum textbooks classes and maintains a uniform level of education throughout the country As a result a high standard of education is possible
School System
o 100 enrollment in compulsory grades and zero illiteracy
o high school (koukou) enrollment is over 96 nationwide and nearly 100 in the cities
o About 46 of all high school graduates go on to university or junior college
School System
National School Curriculum
o Elementary schoolJapanesesocial studiesMathematicsScienceMusic and artsHandicrafts and home
making physical education
o Middle SchoolJapaneseMathematicssocial studiesScienceEnglishMusicArtphysical education field tripsclubs and homeroom
time
National School Curriculum
Middle curriculum-Students receive instruction from specialist
subject teachers-The pace is quick and instruction is text-book
bound because teachers have to cover a lot of ground in preparation for high school entrance examinations
High Schools -adopt highly divergent high school curricula the
content may contain general or highly specialized subjects depending on the different types of high school
o A basic characteristic throughout elementary and secondary education is the continuing emphasis on science and mathematics
o The Japanese consider these subjects the basic building blocks of technology and curriculum requirements ensure that all children receive extensive grounding in them
o Mathematics is one of the required subjects on university entrance examinations and hence receives continuing attention through all grades
Elementary School
Establishmentbull Establishment by the State local governments and incorporated educational institutionsbull Compulsory school establishment (municipalities) and compulsory school enrollment
Managementbull Management and expense burdens by foundersbull System of the National Treasuryrsquos Share of Compulsory Education Expenditurebull System of teaching staff supported by prefectural fundsbull Administration by municipal board of education
Lower Secondary School
bull Individual lower secondary educational institutions in a single-track 6-3-3-4
school systembull A guarantee of the secondary education as compulsory educational institutions
Establishmentbull Established by the state regional bodies or educational corporationsbull Municipalitiesrsquo obligation to establish compulsory school and obligation of
a person who has parental authority to enroll children for compulsory schoolbull Dualization of compulsory secondary education by putting lower secondary
schools under the authority of prefectures
Administrationbull Administration and expense-burden by the founder
the School Education Law bull System of the National Treasurys Share of Compulsory Education Expendituresbull The system of teaching staff supported by prefectural fundsbull Administration of the municipal board of education
Objectives
Upper Secondary School
Types of upper secondary school systems Full-time school - part-time course - correspondence course Grade system ndash credit system Ordinary education department - Specialized education department
- Comprehensive department General education course - Advanced course - Specialized course
Educational Curriculum of upper secondary school
Subjects Special Activities and Integrated Study Ordinary subjects and subjects for specialized education Requirements for graduation more than 74 credits
HIGH SCHOOL
High Schools may be classified into one of the following types
1Elite academic high schools collect the creme de la creme of the student population and send the majority of its graduates to top national universities
2Non-elite academic high schools ostensibly prepare students for less prestigious universities or junior colleges but really send a large number of their students to private specialist schools (book-keepinglanguages and computer programming)
HIGH SCHOOL
3Vocational High Schools - it offer courses in commerce technical subjects agriculture and ho
me sciencenursing and fishery Approximately 60 of their graduates enter full-time employment
4Evening High School-they offer classes to poor but ambitious students who worked while trying to remedy their educational deficiencies
5Correspondence High School - offers a flexible form of schooling for 16 of high school students
usually those who missed out on high schooling for various reasons
Colleges of TechnologyCharacteristicsbull Set up in 1967 by requests from business circlesbull 5-year technical educational institution after compulsory educationbull Industrial course and mercantile course as special fields (Departments include also Information and Management)bull Have both characteristics of the upper course of secondary education (upper secondary school) and the lower course of higher education (junior college)bull Modification of single track school system ndash systematic end-up and transfer to universities
Organizationbull Departments as educational organizationsbull Grade Class system ndash 40 students per classbull Teachersrsquo organization based on university and managementbull organization based on non-university
Universities (Colleges and graduate schools)
Types of University Institutionsbull Higher educational institutions ndash Post-secondary educational instituti
onsbull Tertiary educational institutions Colleges ndash universities ndash graduate
schools
Particularities of Universities in Japanbull Quantitative expansion ndash mass educationbull Examination competition and university stratification
Current Reforms of University Educationbull The decline in birth rates reorganization and integration of universiti
esbull The conversion of colleges into 4-year universitiesbull Turning national universities into newly independent administrative institutions
Special Education
bull There are 995 schools for handicapped individuals
70 schools for the deaf
107 for the blind
790 for those with disabilities
This number is not seen as adequate to serve the population of special needs in the country
Schools for Handicapped
Schools for the handicappedbull Schools for the blind schools for the deaf schools for the
handicapped other than the blind and deafbull mentally retarded
Physically disabled and the health impaired Classbull Special class - eight studentsbull Special schools for the disabled- elementary and lower
secondary department - six students
upper secondary department ndash eight students
class for multiple handicappedndash three students
1049305
Teacher Methods and Training
Strong Professional Learning Communities among teachers
Teachers have 4 year degrees and are licensed through the government
Role of schools and teachers shifting in discipline and motivation of students
Teaching methods have shifted with reform efforts and movements not a tremendous amount of technology seen in classrooms
Strive for democratic classrooms
Moving away from skill and drill and are now expected to respond to individual students needs and encourage a ldquozest for livingrdquo
Called to be facilitators of learning rather than disseminators of knowledge
Class size averages 28 students
hellipto be honest we donrsquot always teach what we are supposed to We donrsquot have enough time in the schedule to teach math so we use that morning IS time for math If we donrsquot use that time for math we have to find other times to teach math
(Mr Aoyama 7th grade teacher)hellipthe Course of study contents have changed and were reduced The teachers have less material to cover but they arenrsquot sure how to deal with the changes They have become rudderless shifting from one direction to another They are under pressure to raise studentrsquos academic abilities which creates work and pressure (Mr Sekine 9 th grade teacher)
Japanese Culture
The role of the family in education of children is vital
The culture promoted within school focus on Cooperation Relationships Responsibility Following set rules and routines Values Punctuality Stewardship Loyalty Leadership amp subordinate roles
Place a high value on economic success
Confucius had a great impact on education in Japan
School Finance
National Government bears one third to one half of the cost of education
47 of the GNP is allocated to education
Schools across the nation are viewed as equal There is little variation in quality of the school due to area socio-economic factors
Challenges to Higher Education
bull Japan has already begun to experience a population decline with the result that many universities are already having difficulty maintaining their student populations although entry into top ranks of the universities remains hugely competitive
bull The emerging and foreseeable trend is that many universities will have to try to attract large numbers of foreigners or diversify or face closure It is also now said that a university education in Japan is within easier reach of students today but that quality of that higher education is now question despite the many educational reforms that have been set in motion
Higher Education in Japan
Japan is the worldrsquos largest source of study abroad students Both younger and older students (ages 12 ndash 50+) Economic downturn and need for life long learning Growing dissatisfaction with challenges and outcomes of higher educaton Very little guidance in courses or career paths
There is a push to increase the number of foreign exchange students
to aide in the development of Japan and international relations
The number grew from 10000 in 1983 to 64000 in 2000
Rapid decline in birthrate has higher education scrambling for ways to fill future seats and find financial security
Focus of Educational Reformbull Emphasis on Individuality - this is significantly
different from the current system that emphasizes harmony and uniformity They will focus on creativity and have more hands-on activities for children
bull Emphasis on Life Long Learning - this will bring about change in the current system from rote memorization to learning how to learn and higher level thinking
bull Emphasis on preparing students who can plan and cope with change and succeed in the information age and global society - there is political pressure for students to acquire the skills to compete internationally There is a move to provide students with comprehensive international learning to help students understand other cultures history and values
Thank you very much
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
-
Principle and General Objectives of Education
bull The basic principles for education in Japan are defined in the Constitutionenacted in 1946 and the Fundamental Law of Education of 1947 revised in 2006
bull The constitution provides for the basic right and duty of
citizens of Japan to receive eduction as follows All citizens shall have the right to receive an equal
education corresponding to their abilities as provided for by lawThe Citizens shall be obligated to have all boys and girls under the protection receive general education as provided for by law Such compulsory education shall be free (Art 26)
Structure and Governance of Schools
System is organized as follows 6 years of elementary school 3 years of junior high school 3 years of high school 4 years of college
Compulsory education from ages 5-14
240 day school year with a 6 day school week ndash approximately 30 days devoted to out of classroom experiences
School System
o Japanese educational system was reformed after World War II (1947)
o Old 6-5-3-3 system
o Now 6-3-3-4 (6 years of elementary school 3 years of junior high school 3 y
ears of senior high school and 4 years of University)
o An elementary school (from 6 years) and junior high school (3 years) education nine years of schooling are considered compulsory
MEXT ndash Ministry of Education Culture Sports Science and Technology regulates educational system
o The Ministry of Education closely supervises curriculum textbooks classes and maintains a uniform level of education throughout the country As a result a high standard of education is possible
School System
o 100 enrollment in compulsory grades and zero illiteracy
o high school (koukou) enrollment is over 96 nationwide and nearly 100 in the cities
o About 46 of all high school graduates go on to university or junior college
School System
National School Curriculum
o Elementary schoolJapanesesocial studiesMathematicsScienceMusic and artsHandicrafts and home
making physical education
o Middle SchoolJapaneseMathematicssocial studiesScienceEnglishMusicArtphysical education field tripsclubs and homeroom
time
National School Curriculum
Middle curriculum-Students receive instruction from specialist
subject teachers-The pace is quick and instruction is text-book
bound because teachers have to cover a lot of ground in preparation for high school entrance examinations
High Schools -adopt highly divergent high school curricula the
content may contain general or highly specialized subjects depending on the different types of high school
o A basic characteristic throughout elementary and secondary education is the continuing emphasis on science and mathematics
o The Japanese consider these subjects the basic building blocks of technology and curriculum requirements ensure that all children receive extensive grounding in them
o Mathematics is one of the required subjects on university entrance examinations and hence receives continuing attention through all grades
Elementary School
Establishmentbull Establishment by the State local governments and incorporated educational institutionsbull Compulsory school establishment (municipalities) and compulsory school enrollment
Managementbull Management and expense burdens by foundersbull System of the National Treasuryrsquos Share of Compulsory Education Expenditurebull System of teaching staff supported by prefectural fundsbull Administration by municipal board of education
Lower Secondary School
bull Individual lower secondary educational institutions in a single-track 6-3-3-4
school systembull A guarantee of the secondary education as compulsory educational institutions
Establishmentbull Established by the state regional bodies or educational corporationsbull Municipalitiesrsquo obligation to establish compulsory school and obligation of
a person who has parental authority to enroll children for compulsory schoolbull Dualization of compulsory secondary education by putting lower secondary
schools under the authority of prefectures
Administrationbull Administration and expense-burden by the founder
the School Education Law bull System of the National Treasurys Share of Compulsory Education Expendituresbull The system of teaching staff supported by prefectural fundsbull Administration of the municipal board of education
Objectives
Upper Secondary School
Types of upper secondary school systems Full-time school - part-time course - correspondence course Grade system ndash credit system Ordinary education department - Specialized education department
- Comprehensive department General education course - Advanced course - Specialized course
Educational Curriculum of upper secondary school
Subjects Special Activities and Integrated Study Ordinary subjects and subjects for specialized education Requirements for graduation more than 74 credits
HIGH SCHOOL
High Schools may be classified into one of the following types
1Elite academic high schools collect the creme de la creme of the student population and send the majority of its graduates to top national universities
2Non-elite academic high schools ostensibly prepare students for less prestigious universities or junior colleges but really send a large number of their students to private specialist schools (book-keepinglanguages and computer programming)
HIGH SCHOOL
3Vocational High Schools - it offer courses in commerce technical subjects agriculture and ho
me sciencenursing and fishery Approximately 60 of their graduates enter full-time employment
4Evening High School-they offer classes to poor but ambitious students who worked while trying to remedy their educational deficiencies
5Correspondence High School - offers a flexible form of schooling for 16 of high school students
usually those who missed out on high schooling for various reasons
Colleges of TechnologyCharacteristicsbull Set up in 1967 by requests from business circlesbull 5-year technical educational institution after compulsory educationbull Industrial course and mercantile course as special fields (Departments include also Information and Management)bull Have both characteristics of the upper course of secondary education (upper secondary school) and the lower course of higher education (junior college)bull Modification of single track school system ndash systematic end-up and transfer to universities
Organizationbull Departments as educational organizationsbull Grade Class system ndash 40 students per classbull Teachersrsquo organization based on university and managementbull organization based on non-university
Universities (Colleges and graduate schools)
Types of University Institutionsbull Higher educational institutions ndash Post-secondary educational instituti
onsbull Tertiary educational institutions Colleges ndash universities ndash graduate
schools
Particularities of Universities in Japanbull Quantitative expansion ndash mass educationbull Examination competition and university stratification
Current Reforms of University Educationbull The decline in birth rates reorganization and integration of universiti
esbull The conversion of colleges into 4-year universitiesbull Turning national universities into newly independent administrative institutions
Special Education
bull There are 995 schools for handicapped individuals
70 schools for the deaf
107 for the blind
790 for those with disabilities
This number is not seen as adequate to serve the population of special needs in the country
Schools for Handicapped
Schools for the handicappedbull Schools for the blind schools for the deaf schools for the
handicapped other than the blind and deafbull mentally retarded
Physically disabled and the health impaired Classbull Special class - eight studentsbull Special schools for the disabled- elementary and lower
secondary department - six students
upper secondary department ndash eight students
class for multiple handicappedndash three students
1049305
Teacher Methods and Training
Strong Professional Learning Communities among teachers
Teachers have 4 year degrees and are licensed through the government
Role of schools and teachers shifting in discipline and motivation of students
Teaching methods have shifted with reform efforts and movements not a tremendous amount of technology seen in classrooms
Strive for democratic classrooms
Moving away from skill and drill and are now expected to respond to individual students needs and encourage a ldquozest for livingrdquo
Called to be facilitators of learning rather than disseminators of knowledge
Class size averages 28 students
hellipto be honest we donrsquot always teach what we are supposed to We donrsquot have enough time in the schedule to teach math so we use that morning IS time for math If we donrsquot use that time for math we have to find other times to teach math
(Mr Aoyama 7th grade teacher)hellipthe Course of study contents have changed and were reduced The teachers have less material to cover but they arenrsquot sure how to deal with the changes They have become rudderless shifting from one direction to another They are under pressure to raise studentrsquos academic abilities which creates work and pressure (Mr Sekine 9 th grade teacher)
Japanese Culture
The role of the family in education of children is vital
The culture promoted within school focus on Cooperation Relationships Responsibility Following set rules and routines Values Punctuality Stewardship Loyalty Leadership amp subordinate roles
Place a high value on economic success
Confucius had a great impact on education in Japan
School Finance
National Government bears one third to one half of the cost of education
47 of the GNP is allocated to education
Schools across the nation are viewed as equal There is little variation in quality of the school due to area socio-economic factors
Challenges to Higher Education
bull Japan has already begun to experience a population decline with the result that many universities are already having difficulty maintaining their student populations although entry into top ranks of the universities remains hugely competitive
bull The emerging and foreseeable trend is that many universities will have to try to attract large numbers of foreigners or diversify or face closure It is also now said that a university education in Japan is within easier reach of students today but that quality of that higher education is now question despite the many educational reforms that have been set in motion
Higher Education in Japan
Japan is the worldrsquos largest source of study abroad students Both younger and older students (ages 12 ndash 50+) Economic downturn and need for life long learning Growing dissatisfaction with challenges and outcomes of higher educaton Very little guidance in courses or career paths
There is a push to increase the number of foreign exchange students
to aide in the development of Japan and international relations
The number grew from 10000 in 1983 to 64000 in 2000
Rapid decline in birthrate has higher education scrambling for ways to fill future seats and find financial security
Focus of Educational Reformbull Emphasis on Individuality - this is significantly
different from the current system that emphasizes harmony and uniformity They will focus on creativity and have more hands-on activities for children
bull Emphasis on Life Long Learning - this will bring about change in the current system from rote memorization to learning how to learn and higher level thinking
bull Emphasis on preparing students who can plan and cope with change and succeed in the information age and global society - there is political pressure for students to acquire the skills to compete internationally There is a move to provide students with comprehensive international learning to help students understand other cultures history and values
Thank you very much
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
-
Structure and Governance of Schools
System is organized as follows 6 years of elementary school 3 years of junior high school 3 years of high school 4 years of college
Compulsory education from ages 5-14
240 day school year with a 6 day school week ndash approximately 30 days devoted to out of classroom experiences
School System
o Japanese educational system was reformed after World War II (1947)
o Old 6-5-3-3 system
o Now 6-3-3-4 (6 years of elementary school 3 years of junior high school 3 y
ears of senior high school and 4 years of University)
o An elementary school (from 6 years) and junior high school (3 years) education nine years of schooling are considered compulsory
MEXT ndash Ministry of Education Culture Sports Science and Technology regulates educational system
o The Ministry of Education closely supervises curriculum textbooks classes and maintains a uniform level of education throughout the country As a result a high standard of education is possible
School System
o 100 enrollment in compulsory grades and zero illiteracy
o high school (koukou) enrollment is over 96 nationwide and nearly 100 in the cities
o About 46 of all high school graduates go on to university or junior college
School System
National School Curriculum
o Elementary schoolJapanesesocial studiesMathematicsScienceMusic and artsHandicrafts and home
making physical education
o Middle SchoolJapaneseMathematicssocial studiesScienceEnglishMusicArtphysical education field tripsclubs and homeroom
time
National School Curriculum
Middle curriculum-Students receive instruction from specialist
subject teachers-The pace is quick and instruction is text-book
bound because teachers have to cover a lot of ground in preparation for high school entrance examinations
High Schools -adopt highly divergent high school curricula the
content may contain general or highly specialized subjects depending on the different types of high school
o A basic characteristic throughout elementary and secondary education is the continuing emphasis on science and mathematics
o The Japanese consider these subjects the basic building blocks of technology and curriculum requirements ensure that all children receive extensive grounding in them
o Mathematics is one of the required subjects on university entrance examinations and hence receives continuing attention through all grades
Elementary School
Establishmentbull Establishment by the State local governments and incorporated educational institutionsbull Compulsory school establishment (municipalities) and compulsory school enrollment
Managementbull Management and expense burdens by foundersbull System of the National Treasuryrsquos Share of Compulsory Education Expenditurebull System of teaching staff supported by prefectural fundsbull Administration by municipal board of education
Lower Secondary School
bull Individual lower secondary educational institutions in a single-track 6-3-3-4
school systembull A guarantee of the secondary education as compulsory educational institutions
Establishmentbull Established by the state regional bodies or educational corporationsbull Municipalitiesrsquo obligation to establish compulsory school and obligation of
a person who has parental authority to enroll children for compulsory schoolbull Dualization of compulsory secondary education by putting lower secondary
schools under the authority of prefectures
Administrationbull Administration and expense-burden by the founder
the School Education Law bull System of the National Treasurys Share of Compulsory Education Expendituresbull The system of teaching staff supported by prefectural fundsbull Administration of the municipal board of education
Objectives
Upper Secondary School
Types of upper secondary school systems Full-time school - part-time course - correspondence course Grade system ndash credit system Ordinary education department - Specialized education department
- Comprehensive department General education course - Advanced course - Specialized course
Educational Curriculum of upper secondary school
Subjects Special Activities and Integrated Study Ordinary subjects and subjects for specialized education Requirements for graduation more than 74 credits
HIGH SCHOOL
High Schools may be classified into one of the following types
1Elite academic high schools collect the creme de la creme of the student population and send the majority of its graduates to top national universities
2Non-elite academic high schools ostensibly prepare students for less prestigious universities or junior colleges but really send a large number of their students to private specialist schools (book-keepinglanguages and computer programming)
HIGH SCHOOL
3Vocational High Schools - it offer courses in commerce technical subjects agriculture and ho
me sciencenursing and fishery Approximately 60 of their graduates enter full-time employment
4Evening High School-they offer classes to poor but ambitious students who worked while trying to remedy their educational deficiencies
5Correspondence High School - offers a flexible form of schooling for 16 of high school students
usually those who missed out on high schooling for various reasons
Colleges of TechnologyCharacteristicsbull Set up in 1967 by requests from business circlesbull 5-year technical educational institution after compulsory educationbull Industrial course and mercantile course as special fields (Departments include also Information and Management)bull Have both characteristics of the upper course of secondary education (upper secondary school) and the lower course of higher education (junior college)bull Modification of single track school system ndash systematic end-up and transfer to universities
Organizationbull Departments as educational organizationsbull Grade Class system ndash 40 students per classbull Teachersrsquo organization based on university and managementbull organization based on non-university
Universities (Colleges and graduate schools)
Types of University Institutionsbull Higher educational institutions ndash Post-secondary educational instituti
onsbull Tertiary educational institutions Colleges ndash universities ndash graduate
schools
Particularities of Universities in Japanbull Quantitative expansion ndash mass educationbull Examination competition and university stratification
Current Reforms of University Educationbull The decline in birth rates reorganization and integration of universiti
esbull The conversion of colleges into 4-year universitiesbull Turning national universities into newly independent administrative institutions
Special Education
bull There are 995 schools for handicapped individuals
70 schools for the deaf
107 for the blind
790 for those with disabilities
This number is not seen as adequate to serve the population of special needs in the country
Schools for Handicapped
Schools for the handicappedbull Schools for the blind schools for the deaf schools for the
handicapped other than the blind and deafbull mentally retarded
Physically disabled and the health impaired Classbull Special class - eight studentsbull Special schools for the disabled- elementary and lower
secondary department - six students
upper secondary department ndash eight students
class for multiple handicappedndash three students
1049305
Teacher Methods and Training
Strong Professional Learning Communities among teachers
Teachers have 4 year degrees and are licensed through the government
Role of schools and teachers shifting in discipline and motivation of students
Teaching methods have shifted with reform efforts and movements not a tremendous amount of technology seen in classrooms
Strive for democratic classrooms
Moving away from skill and drill and are now expected to respond to individual students needs and encourage a ldquozest for livingrdquo
Called to be facilitators of learning rather than disseminators of knowledge
Class size averages 28 students
hellipto be honest we donrsquot always teach what we are supposed to We donrsquot have enough time in the schedule to teach math so we use that morning IS time for math If we donrsquot use that time for math we have to find other times to teach math
(Mr Aoyama 7th grade teacher)hellipthe Course of study contents have changed and were reduced The teachers have less material to cover but they arenrsquot sure how to deal with the changes They have become rudderless shifting from one direction to another They are under pressure to raise studentrsquos academic abilities which creates work and pressure (Mr Sekine 9 th grade teacher)
Japanese Culture
The role of the family in education of children is vital
The culture promoted within school focus on Cooperation Relationships Responsibility Following set rules and routines Values Punctuality Stewardship Loyalty Leadership amp subordinate roles
Place a high value on economic success
Confucius had a great impact on education in Japan
School Finance
National Government bears one third to one half of the cost of education
47 of the GNP is allocated to education
Schools across the nation are viewed as equal There is little variation in quality of the school due to area socio-economic factors
Challenges to Higher Education
bull Japan has already begun to experience a population decline with the result that many universities are already having difficulty maintaining their student populations although entry into top ranks of the universities remains hugely competitive
bull The emerging and foreseeable trend is that many universities will have to try to attract large numbers of foreigners or diversify or face closure It is also now said that a university education in Japan is within easier reach of students today but that quality of that higher education is now question despite the many educational reforms that have been set in motion
Higher Education in Japan
Japan is the worldrsquos largest source of study abroad students Both younger and older students (ages 12 ndash 50+) Economic downturn and need for life long learning Growing dissatisfaction with challenges and outcomes of higher educaton Very little guidance in courses or career paths
There is a push to increase the number of foreign exchange students
to aide in the development of Japan and international relations
The number grew from 10000 in 1983 to 64000 in 2000
Rapid decline in birthrate has higher education scrambling for ways to fill future seats and find financial security
Focus of Educational Reformbull Emphasis on Individuality - this is significantly
different from the current system that emphasizes harmony and uniformity They will focus on creativity and have more hands-on activities for children
bull Emphasis on Life Long Learning - this will bring about change in the current system from rote memorization to learning how to learn and higher level thinking
bull Emphasis on preparing students who can plan and cope with change and succeed in the information age and global society - there is political pressure for students to acquire the skills to compete internationally There is a move to provide students with comprehensive international learning to help students understand other cultures history and values
Thank you very much
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
-
School System
o Japanese educational system was reformed after World War II (1947)
o Old 6-5-3-3 system
o Now 6-3-3-4 (6 years of elementary school 3 years of junior high school 3 y
ears of senior high school and 4 years of University)
o An elementary school (from 6 years) and junior high school (3 years) education nine years of schooling are considered compulsory
MEXT ndash Ministry of Education Culture Sports Science and Technology regulates educational system
o The Ministry of Education closely supervises curriculum textbooks classes and maintains a uniform level of education throughout the country As a result a high standard of education is possible
School System
o 100 enrollment in compulsory grades and zero illiteracy
o high school (koukou) enrollment is over 96 nationwide and nearly 100 in the cities
o About 46 of all high school graduates go on to university or junior college
School System
National School Curriculum
o Elementary schoolJapanesesocial studiesMathematicsScienceMusic and artsHandicrafts and home
making physical education
o Middle SchoolJapaneseMathematicssocial studiesScienceEnglishMusicArtphysical education field tripsclubs and homeroom
time
National School Curriculum
Middle curriculum-Students receive instruction from specialist
subject teachers-The pace is quick and instruction is text-book
bound because teachers have to cover a lot of ground in preparation for high school entrance examinations
High Schools -adopt highly divergent high school curricula the
content may contain general or highly specialized subjects depending on the different types of high school
o A basic characteristic throughout elementary and secondary education is the continuing emphasis on science and mathematics
o The Japanese consider these subjects the basic building blocks of technology and curriculum requirements ensure that all children receive extensive grounding in them
o Mathematics is one of the required subjects on university entrance examinations and hence receives continuing attention through all grades
Elementary School
Establishmentbull Establishment by the State local governments and incorporated educational institutionsbull Compulsory school establishment (municipalities) and compulsory school enrollment
Managementbull Management and expense burdens by foundersbull System of the National Treasuryrsquos Share of Compulsory Education Expenditurebull System of teaching staff supported by prefectural fundsbull Administration by municipal board of education
Lower Secondary School
bull Individual lower secondary educational institutions in a single-track 6-3-3-4
school systembull A guarantee of the secondary education as compulsory educational institutions
Establishmentbull Established by the state regional bodies or educational corporationsbull Municipalitiesrsquo obligation to establish compulsory school and obligation of
a person who has parental authority to enroll children for compulsory schoolbull Dualization of compulsory secondary education by putting lower secondary
schools under the authority of prefectures
Administrationbull Administration and expense-burden by the founder
the School Education Law bull System of the National Treasurys Share of Compulsory Education Expendituresbull The system of teaching staff supported by prefectural fundsbull Administration of the municipal board of education
Objectives
Upper Secondary School
Types of upper secondary school systems Full-time school - part-time course - correspondence course Grade system ndash credit system Ordinary education department - Specialized education department
- Comprehensive department General education course - Advanced course - Specialized course
Educational Curriculum of upper secondary school
Subjects Special Activities and Integrated Study Ordinary subjects and subjects for specialized education Requirements for graduation more than 74 credits
HIGH SCHOOL
High Schools may be classified into one of the following types
1Elite academic high schools collect the creme de la creme of the student population and send the majority of its graduates to top national universities
2Non-elite academic high schools ostensibly prepare students for less prestigious universities or junior colleges but really send a large number of their students to private specialist schools (book-keepinglanguages and computer programming)
HIGH SCHOOL
3Vocational High Schools - it offer courses in commerce technical subjects agriculture and ho
me sciencenursing and fishery Approximately 60 of their graduates enter full-time employment
4Evening High School-they offer classes to poor but ambitious students who worked while trying to remedy their educational deficiencies
5Correspondence High School - offers a flexible form of schooling for 16 of high school students
usually those who missed out on high schooling for various reasons
Colleges of TechnologyCharacteristicsbull Set up in 1967 by requests from business circlesbull 5-year technical educational institution after compulsory educationbull Industrial course and mercantile course as special fields (Departments include also Information and Management)bull Have both characteristics of the upper course of secondary education (upper secondary school) and the lower course of higher education (junior college)bull Modification of single track school system ndash systematic end-up and transfer to universities
Organizationbull Departments as educational organizationsbull Grade Class system ndash 40 students per classbull Teachersrsquo organization based on university and managementbull organization based on non-university
Universities (Colleges and graduate schools)
Types of University Institutionsbull Higher educational institutions ndash Post-secondary educational instituti
onsbull Tertiary educational institutions Colleges ndash universities ndash graduate
schools
Particularities of Universities in Japanbull Quantitative expansion ndash mass educationbull Examination competition and university stratification
Current Reforms of University Educationbull The decline in birth rates reorganization and integration of universiti
esbull The conversion of colleges into 4-year universitiesbull Turning national universities into newly independent administrative institutions
Special Education
bull There are 995 schools for handicapped individuals
70 schools for the deaf
107 for the blind
790 for those with disabilities
This number is not seen as adequate to serve the population of special needs in the country
Schools for Handicapped
Schools for the handicappedbull Schools for the blind schools for the deaf schools for the
handicapped other than the blind and deafbull mentally retarded
Physically disabled and the health impaired Classbull Special class - eight studentsbull Special schools for the disabled- elementary and lower
secondary department - six students
upper secondary department ndash eight students
class for multiple handicappedndash three students
1049305
Teacher Methods and Training
Strong Professional Learning Communities among teachers
Teachers have 4 year degrees and are licensed through the government
Role of schools and teachers shifting in discipline and motivation of students
Teaching methods have shifted with reform efforts and movements not a tremendous amount of technology seen in classrooms
Strive for democratic classrooms
Moving away from skill and drill and are now expected to respond to individual students needs and encourage a ldquozest for livingrdquo
Called to be facilitators of learning rather than disseminators of knowledge
Class size averages 28 students
hellipto be honest we donrsquot always teach what we are supposed to We donrsquot have enough time in the schedule to teach math so we use that morning IS time for math If we donrsquot use that time for math we have to find other times to teach math
(Mr Aoyama 7th grade teacher)hellipthe Course of study contents have changed and were reduced The teachers have less material to cover but they arenrsquot sure how to deal with the changes They have become rudderless shifting from one direction to another They are under pressure to raise studentrsquos academic abilities which creates work and pressure (Mr Sekine 9 th grade teacher)
Japanese Culture
The role of the family in education of children is vital
The culture promoted within school focus on Cooperation Relationships Responsibility Following set rules and routines Values Punctuality Stewardship Loyalty Leadership amp subordinate roles
Place a high value on economic success
Confucius had a great impact on education in Japan
School Finance
National Government bears one third to one half of the cost of education
47 of the GNP is allocated to education
Schools across the nation are viewed as equal There is little variation in quality of the school due to area socio-economic factors
Challenges to Higher Education
bull Japan has already begun to experience a population decline with the result that many universities are already having difficulty maintaining their student populations although entry into top ranks of the universities remains hugely competitive
bull The emerging and foreseeable trend is that many universities will have to try to attract large numbers of foreigners or diversify or face closure It is also now said that a university education in Japan is within easier reach of students today but that quality of that higher education is now question despite the many educational reforms that have been set in motion
Higher Education in Japan
Japan is the worldrsquos largest source of study abroad students Both younger and older students (ages 12 ndash 50+) Economic downturn and need for life long learning Growing dissatisfaction with challenges and outcomes of higher educaton Very little guidance in courses or career paths
There is a push to increase the number of foreign exchange students
to aide in the development of Japan and international relations
The number grew from 10000 in 1983 to 64000 in 2000
Rapid decline in birthrate has higher education scrambling for ways to fill future seats and find financial security
Focus of Educational Reformbull Emphasis on Individuality - this is significantly
different from the current system that emphasizes harmony and uniformity They will focus on creativity and have more hands-on activities for children
bull Emphasis on Life Long Learning - this will bring about change in the current system from rote memorization to learning how to learn and higher level thinking
bull Emphasis on preparing students who can plan and cope with change and succeed in the information age and global society - there is political pressure for students to acquire the skills to compete internationally There is a move to provide students with comprehensive international learning to help students understand other cultures history and values
Thank you very much
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
-
MEXT ndash Ministry of Education Culture Sports Science and Technology regulates educational system
o The Ministry of Education closely supervises curriculum textbooks classes and maintains a uniform level of education throughout the country As a result a high standard of education is possible
School System
o 100 enrollment in compulsory grades and zero illiteracy
o high school (koukou) enrollment is over 96 nationwide and nearly 100 in the cities
o About 46 of all high school graduates go on to university or junior college
School System
National School Curriculum
o Elementary schoolJapanesesocial studiesMathematicsScienceMusic and artsHandicrafts and home
making physical education
o Middle SchoolJapaneseMathematicssocial studiesScienceEnglishMusicArtphysical education field tripsclubs and homeroom
time
National School Curriculum
Middle curriculum-Students receive instruction from specialist
subject teachers-The pace is quick and instruction is text-book
bound because teachers have to cover a lot of ground in preparation for high school entrance examinations
High Schools -adopt highly divergent high school curricula the
content may contain general or highly specialized subjects depending on the different types of high school
o A basic characteristic throughout elementary and secondary education is the continuing emphasis on science and mathematics
o The Japanese consider these subjects the basic building blocks of technology and curriculum requirements ensure that all children receive extensive grounding in them
o Mathematics is one of the required subjects on university entrance examinations and hence receives continuing attention through all grades
Elementary School
Establishmentbull Establishment by the State local governments and incorporated educational institutionsbull Compulsory school establishment (municipalities) and compulsory school enrollment
Managementbull Management and expense burdens by foundersbull System of the National Treasuryrsquos Share of Compulsory Education Expenditurebull System of teaching staff supported by prefectural fundsbull Administration by municipal board of education
Lower Secondary School
bull Individual lower secondary educational institutions in a single-track 6-3-3-4
school systembull A guarantee of the secondary education as compulsory educational institutions
Establishmentbull Established by the state regional bodies or educational corporationsbull Municipalitiesrsquo obligation to establish compulsory school and obligation of
a person who has parental authority to enroll children for compulsory schoolbull Dualization of compulsory secondary education by putting lower secondary
schools under the authority of prefectures
Administrationbull Administration and expense-burden by the founder
the School Education Law bull System of the National Treasurys Share of Compulsory Education Expendituresbull The system of teaching staff supported by prefectural fundsbull Administration of the municipal board of education
Objectives
Upper Secondary School
Types of upper secondary school systems Full-time school - part-time course - correspondence course Grade system ndash credit system Ordinary education department - Specialized education department
- Comprehensive department General education course - Advanced course - Specialized course
Educational Curriculum of upper secondary school
Subjects Special Activities and Integrated Study Ordinary subjects and subjects for specialized education Requirements for graduation more than 74 credits
HIGH SCHOOL
High Schools may be classified into one of the following types
1Elite academic high schools collect the creme de la creme of the student population and send the majority of its graduates to top national universities
2Non-elite academic high schools ostensibly prepare students for less prestigious universities or junior colleges but really send a large number of their students to private specialist schools (book-keepinglanguages and computer programming)
HIGH SCHOOL
3Vocational High Schools - it offer courses in commerce technical subjects agriculture and ho
me sciencenursing and fishery Approximately 60 of their graduates enter full-time employment
4Evening High School-they offer classes to poor but ambitious students who worked while trying to remedy their educational deficiencies
5Correspondence High School - offers a flexible form of schooling for 16 of high school students
usually those who missed out on high schooling for various reasons
Colleges of TechnologyCharacteristicsbull Set up in 1967 by requests from business circlesbull 5-year technical educational institution after compulsory educationbull Industrial course and mercantile course as special fields (Departments include also Information and Management)bull Have both characteristics of the upper course of secondary education (upper secondary school) and the lower course of higher education (junior college)bull Modification of single track school system ndash systematic end-up and transfer to universities
Organizationbull Departments as educational organizationsbull Grade Class system ndash 40 students per classbull Teachersrsquo organization based on university and managementbull organization based on non-university
Universities (Colleges and graduate schools)
Types of University Institutionsbull Higher educational institutions ndash Post-secondary educational instituti
onsbull Tertiary educational institutions Colleges ndash universities ndash graduate
schools
Particularities of Universities in Japanbull Quantitative expansion ndash mass educationbull Examination competition and university stratification
Current Reforms of University Educationbull The decline in birth rates reorganization and integration of universiti
esbull The conversion of colleges into 4-year universitiesbull Turning national universities into newly independent administrative institutions
Special Education
bull There are 995 schools for handicapped individuals
70 schools for the deaf
107 for the blind
790 for those with disabilities
This number is not seen as adequate to serve the population of special needs in the country
Schools for Handicapped
Schools for the handicappedbull Schools for the blind schools for the deaf schools for the
handicapped other than the blind and deafbull mentally retarded
Physically disabled and the health impaired Classbull Special class - eight studentsbull Special schools for the disabled- elementary and lower
secondary department - six students
upper secondary department ndash eight students
class for multiple handicappedndash three students
1049305
Teacher Methods and Training
Strong Professional Learning Communities among teachers
Teachers have 4 year degrees and are licensed through the government
Role of schools and teachers shifting in discipline and motivation of students
Teaching methods have shifted with reform efforts and movements not a tremendous amount of technology seen in classrooms
Strive for democratic classrooms
Moving away from skill and drill and are now expected to respond to individual students needs and encourage a ldquozest for livingrdquo
Called to be facilitators of learning rather than disseminators of knowledge
Class size averages 28 students
hellipto be honest we donrsquot always teach what we are supposed to We donrsquot have enough time in the schedule to teach math so we use that morning IS time for math If we donrsquot use that time for math we have to find other times to teach math
(Mr Aoyama 7th grade teacher)hellipthe Course of study contents have changed and were reduced The teachers have less material to cover but they arenrsquot sure how to deal with the changes They have become rudderless shifting from one direction to another They are under pressure to raise studentrsquos academic abilities which creates work and pressure (Mr Sekine 9 th grade teacher)
Japanese Culture
The role of the family in education of children is vital
The culture promoted within school focus on Cooperation Relationships Responsibility Following set rules and routines Values Punctuality Stewardship Loyalty Leadership amp subordinate roles
Place a high value on economic success
Confucius had a great impact on education in Japan
School Finance
National Government bears one third to one half of the cost of education
47 of the GNP is allocated to education
Schools across the nation are viewed as equal There is little variation in quality of the school due to area socio-economic factors
Challenges to Higher Education
bull Japan has already begun to experience a population decline with the result that many universities are already having difficulty maintaining their student populations although entry into top ranks of the universities remains hugely competitive
bull The emerging and foreseeable trend is that many universities will have to try to attract large numbers of foreigners or diversify or face closure It is also now said that a university education in Japan is within easier reach of students today but that quality of that higher education is now question despite the many educational reforms that have been set in motion
Higher Education in Japan
Japan is the worldrsquos largest source of study abroad students Both younger and older students (ages 12 ndash 50+) Economic downturn and need for life long learning Growing dissatisfaction with challenges and outcomes of higher educaton Very little guidance in courses or career paths
There is a push to increase the number of foreign exchange students
to aide in the development of Japan and international relations
The number grew from 10000 in 1983 to 64000 in 2000
Rapid decline in birthrate has higher education scrambling for ways to fill future seats and find financial security
Focus of Educational Reformbull Emphasis on Individuality - this is significantly
different from the current system that emphasizes harmony and uniformity They will focus on creativity and have more hands-on activities for children
bull Emphasis on Life Long Learning - this will bring about change in the current system from rote memorization to learning how to learn and higher level thinking
bull Emphasis on preparing students who can plan and cope with change and succeed in the information age and global society - there is political pressure for students to acquire the skills to compete internationally There is a move to provide students with comprehensive international learning to help students understand other cultures history and values
Thank you very much
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
-
o 100 enrollment in compulsory grades and zero illiteracy
o high school (koukou) enrollment is over 96 nationwide and nearly 100 in the cities
o About 46 of all high school graduates go on to university or junior college
School System
National School Curriculum
o Elementary schoolJapanesesocial studiesMathematicsScienceMusic and artsHandicrafts and home
making physical education
o Middle SchoolJapaneseMathematicssocial studiesScienceEnglishMusicArtphysical education field tripsclubs and homeroom
time
National School Curriculum
Middle curriculum-Students receive instruction from specialist
subject teachers-The pace is quick and instruction is text-book
bound because teachers have to cover a lot of ground in preparation for high school entrance examinations
High Schools -adopt highly divergent high school curricula the
content may contain general or highly specialized subjects depending on the different types of high school
o A basic characteristic throughout elementary and secondary education is the continuing emphasis on science and mathematics
o The Japanese consider these subjects the basic building blocks of technology and curriculum requirements ensure that all children receive extensive grounding in them
o Mathematics is one of the required subjects on university entrance examinations and hence receives continuing attention through all grades
Elementary School
Establishmentbull Establishment by the State local governments and incorporated educational institutionsbull Compulsory school establishment (municipalities) and compulsory school enrollment
Managementbull Management and expense burdens by foundersbull System of the National Treasuryrsquos Share of Compulsory Education Expenditurebull System of teaching staff supported by prefectural fundsbull Administration by municipal board of education
Lower Secondary School
bull Individual lower secondary educational institutions in a single-track 6-3-3-4
school systembull A guarantee of the secondary education as compulsory educational institutions
Establishmentbull Established by the state regional bodies or educational corporationsbull Municipalitiesrsquo obligation to establish compulsory school and obligation of
a person who has parental authority to enroll children for compulsory schoolbull Dualization of compulsory secondary education by putting lower secondary
schools under the authority of prefectures
Administrationbull Administration and expense-burden by the founder
the School Education Law bull System of the National Treasurys Share of Compulsory Education Expendituresbull The system of teaching staff supported by prefectural fundsbull Administration of the municipal board of education
Objectives
Upper Secondary School
Types of upper secondary school systems Full-time school - part-time course - correspondence course Grade system ndash credit system Ordinary education department - Specialized education department
- Comprehensive department General education course - Advanced course - Specialized course
Educational Curriculum of upper secondary school
Subjects Special Activities and Integrated Study Ordinary subjects and subjects for specialized education Requirements for graduation more than 74 credits
HIGH SCHOOL
High Schools may be classified into one of the following types
1Elite academic high schools collect the creme de la creme of the student population and send the majority of its graduates to top national universities
2Non-elite academic high schools ostensibly prepare students for less prestigious universities or junior colleges but really send a large number of their students to private specialist schools (book-keepinglanguages and computer programming)
HIGH SCHOOL
3Vocational High Schools - it offer courses in commerce technical subjects agriculture and ho
me sciencenursing and fishery Approximately 60 of their graduates enter full-time employment
4Evening High School-they offer classes to poor but ambitious students who worked while trying to remedy their educational deficiencies
5Correspondence High School - offers a flexible form of schooling for 16 of high school students
usually those who missed out on high schooling for various reasons
Colleges of TechnologyCharacteristicsbull Set up in 1967 by requests from business circlesbull 5-year technical educational institution after compulsory educationbull Industrial course and mercantile course as special fields (Departments include also Information and Management)bull Have both characteristics of the upper course of secondary education (upper secondary school) and the lower course of higher education (junior college)bull Modification of single track school system ndash systematic end-up and transfer to universities
Organizationbull Departments as educational organizationsbull Grade Class system ndash 40 students per classbull Teachersrsquo organization based on university and managementbull organization based on non-university
Universities (Colleges and graduate schools)
Types of University Institutionsbull Higher educational institutions ndash Post-secondary educational instituti
onsbull Tertiary educational institutions Colleges ndash universities ndash graduate
schools
Particularities of Universities in Japanbull Quantitative expansion ndash mass educationbull Examination competition and university stratification
Current Reforms of University Educationbull The decline in birth rates reorganization and integration of universiti
esbull The conversion of colleges into 4-year universitiesbull Turning national universities into newly independent administrative institutions
Special Education
bull There are 995 schools for handicapped individuals
70 schools for the deaf
107 for the blind
790 for those with disabilities
This number is not seen as adequate to serve the population of special needs in the country
Schools for Handicapped
Schools for the handicappedbull Schools for the blind schools for the deaf schools for the
handicapped other than the blind and deafbull mentally retarded
Physically disabled and the health impaired Classbull Special class - eight studentsbull Special schools for the disabled- elementary and lower
secondary department - six students
upper secondary department ndash eight students
class for multiple handicappedndash three students
1049305
Teacher Methods and Training
Strong Professional Learning Communities among teachers
Teachers have 4 year degrees and are licensed through the government
Role of schools and teachers shifting in discipline and motivation of students
Teaching methods have shifted with reform efforts and movements not a tremendous amount of technology seen in classrooms
Strive for democratic classrooms
Moving away from skill and drill and are now expected to respond to individual students needs and encourage a ldquozest for livingrdquo
Called to be facilitators of learning rather than disseminators of knowledge
Class size averages 28 students
hellipto be honest we donrsquot always teach what we are supposed to We donrsquot have enough time in the schedule to teach math so we use that morning IS time for math If we donrsquot use that time for math we have to find other times to teach math
(Mr Aoyama 7th grade teacher)hellipthe Course of study contents have changed and were reduced The teachers have less material to cover but they arenrsquot sure how to deal with the changes They have become rudderless shifting from one direction to another They are under pressure to raise studentrsquos academic abilities which creates work and pressure (Mr Sekine 9 th grade teacher)
Japanese Culture
The role of the family in education of children is vital
The culture promoted within school focus on Cooperation Relationships Responsibility Following set rules and routines Values Punctuality Stewardship Loyalty Leadership amp subordinate roles
Place a high value on economic success
Confucius had a great impact on education in Japan
School Finance
National Government bears one third to one half of the cost of education
47 of the GNP is allocated to education
Schools across the nation are viewed as equal There is little variation in quality of the school due to area socio-economic factors
Challenges to Higher Education
bull Japan has already begun to experience a population decline with the result that many universities are already having difficulty maintaining their student populations although entry into top ranks of the universities remains hugely competitive
bull The emerging and foreseeable trend is that many universities will have to try to attract large numbers of foreigners or diversify or face closure It is also now said that a university education in Japan is within easier reach of students today but that quality of that higher education is now question despite the many educational reforms that have been set in motion
Higher Education in Japan
Japan is the worldrsquos largest source of study abroad students Both younger and older students (ages 12 ndash 50+) Economic downturn and need for life long learning Growing dissatisfaction with challenges and outcomes of higher educaton Very little guidance in courses or career paths
There is a push to increase the number of foreign exchange students
to aide in the development of Japan and international relations
The number grew from 10000 in 1983 to 64000 in 2000
Rapid decline in birthrate has higher education scrambling for ways to fill future seats and find financial security
Focus of Educational Reformbull Emphasis on Individuality - this is significantly
different from the current system that emphasizes harmony and uniformity They will focus on creativity and have more hands-on activities for children
bull Emphasis on Life Long Learning - this will bring about change in the current system from rote memorization to learning how to learn and higher level thinking
bull Emphasis on preparing students who can plan and cope with change and succeed in the information age and global society - there is political pressure for students to acquire the skills to compete internationally There is a move to provide students with comprehensive international learning to help students understand other cultures history and values
Thank you very much
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
-
National School Curriculum
o Elementary schoolJapanesesocial studiesMathematicsScienceMusic and artsHandicrafts and home
making physical education
o Middle SchoolJapaneseMathematicssocial studiesScienceEnglishMusicArtphysical education field tripsclubs and homeroom
time
National School Curriculum
Middle curriculum-Students receive instruction from specialist
subject teachers-The pace is quick and instruction is text-book
bound because teachers have to cover a lot of ground in preparation for high school entrance examinations
High Schools -adopt highly divergent high school curricula the
content may contain general or highly specialized subjects depending on the different types of high school
o A basic characteristic throughout elementary and secondary education is the continuing emphasis on science and mathematics
o The Japanese consider these subjects the basic building blocks of technology and curriculum requirements ensure that all children receive extensive grounding in them
o Mathematics is one of the required subjects on university entrance examinations and hence receives continuing attention through all grades
Elementary School
Establishmentbull Establishment by the State local governments and incorporated educational institutionsbull Compulsory school establishment (municipalities) and compulsory school enrollment
Managementbull Management and expense burdens by foundersbull System of the National Treasuryrsquos Share of Compulsory Education Expenditurebull System of teaching staff supported by prefectural fundsbull Administration by municipal board of education
Lower Secondary School
bull Individual lower secondary educational institutions in a single-track 6-3-3-4
school systembull A guarantee of the secondary education as compulsory educational institutions
Establishmentbull Established by the state regional bodies or educational corporationsbull Municipalitiesrsquo obligation to establish compulsory school and obligation of
a person who has parental authority to enroll children for compulsory schoolbull Dualization of compulsory secondary education by putting lower secondary
schools under the authority of prefectures
Administrationbull Administration and expense-burden by the founder
the School Education Law bull System of the National Treasurys Share of Compulsory Education Expendituresbull The system of teaching staff supported by prefectural fundsbull Administration of the municipal board of education
Objectives
Upper Secondary School
Types of upper secondary school systems Full-time school - part-time course - correspondence course Grade system ndash credit system Ordinary education department - Specialized education department
- Comprehensive department General education course - Advanced course - Specialized course
Educational Curriculum of upper secondary school
Subjects Special Activities and Integrated Study Ordinary subjects and subjects for specialized education Requirements for graduation more than 74 credits
HIGH SCHOOL
High Schools may be classified into one of the following types
1Elite academic high schools collect the creme de la creme of the student population and send the majority of its graduates to top national universities
2Non-elite academic high schools ostensibly prepare students for less prestigious universities or junior colleges but really send a large number of their students to private specialist schools (book-keepinglanguages and computer programming)
HIGH SCHOOL
3Vocational High Schools - it offer courses in commerce technical subjects agriculture and ho
me sciencenursing and fishery Approximately 60 of their graduates enter full-time employment
4Evening High School-they offer classes to poor but ambitious students who worked while trying to remedy their educational deficiencies
5Correspondence High School - offers a flexible form of schooling for 16 of high school students
usually those who missed out on high schooling for various reasons
Colleges of TechnologyCharacteristicsbull Set up in 1967 by requests from business circlesbull 5-year technical educational institution after compulsory educationbull Industrial course and mercantile course as special fields (Departments include also Information and Management)bull Have both characteristics of the upper course of secondary education (upper secondary school) and the lower course of higher education (junior college)bull Modification of single track school system ndash systematic end-up and transfer to universities
Organizationbull Departments as educational organizationsbull Grade Class system ndash 40 students per classbull Teachersrsquo organization based on university and managementbull organization based on non-university
Universities (Colleges and graduate schools)
Types of University Institutionsbull Higher educational institutions ndash Post-secondary educational instituti
onsbull Tertiary educational institutions Colleges ndash universities ndash graduate
schools
Particularities of Universities in Japanbull Quantitative expansion ndash mass educationbull Examination competition and university stratification
Current Reforms of University Educationbull The decline in birth rates reorganization and integration of universiti
esbull The conversion of colleges into 4-year universitiesbull Turning national universities into newly independent administrative institutions
Special Education
bull There are 995 schools for handicapped individuals
70 schools for the deaf
107 for the blind
790 for those with disabilities
This number is not seen as adequate to serve the population of special needs in the country
Schools for Handicapped
Schools for the handicappedbull Schools for the blind schools for the deaf schools for the
handicapped other than the blind and deafbull mentally retarded
Physically disabled and the health impaired Classbull Special class - eight studentsbull Special schools for the disabled- elementary and lower
secondary department - six students
upper secondary department ndash eight students
class for multiple handicappedndash three students
1049305
Teacher Methods and Training
Strong Professional Learning Communities among teachers
Teachers have 4 year degrees and are licensed through the government
Role of schools and teachers shifting in discipline and motivation of students
Teaching methods have shifted with reform efforts and movements not a tremendous amount of technology seen in classrooms
Strive for democratic classrooms
Moving away from skill and drill and are now expected to respond to individual students needs and encourage a ldquozest for livingrdquo
Called to be facilitators of learning rather than disseminators of knowledge
Class size averages 28 students
hellipto be honest we donrsquot always teach what we are supposed to We donrsquot have enough time in the schedule to teach math so we use that morning IS time for math If we donrsquot use that time for math we have to find other times to teach math
(Mr Aoyama 7th grade teacher)hellipthe Course of study contents have changed and were reduced The teachers have less material to cover but they arenrsquot sure how to deal with the changes They have become rudderless shifting from one direction to another They are under pressure to raise studentrsquos academic abilities which creates work and pressure (Mr Sekine 9 th grade teacher)
Japanese Culture
The role of the family in education of children is vital
The culture promoted within school focus on Cooperation Relationships Responsibility Following set rules and routines Values Punctuality Stewardship Loyalty Leadership amp subordinate roles
Place a high value on economic success
Confucius had a great impact on education in Japan
School Finance
National Government bears one third to one half of the cost of education
47 of the GNP is allocated to education
Schools across the nation are viewed as equal There is little variation in quality of the school due to area socio-economic factors
Challenges to Higher Education
bull Japan has already begun to experience a population decline with the result that many universities are already having difficulty maintaining their student populations although entry into top ranks of the universities remains hugely competitive
bull The emerging and foreseeable trend is that many universities will have to try to attract large numbers of foreigners or diversify or face closure It is also now said that a university education in Japan is within easier reach of students today but that quality of that higher education is now question despite the many educational reforms that have been set in motion
Higher Education in Japan
Japan is the worldrsquos largest source of study abroad students Both younger and older students (ages 12 ndash 50+) Economic downturn and need for life long learning Growing dissatisfaction with challenges and outcomes of higher educaton Very little guidance in courses or career paths
There is a push to increase the number of foreign exchange students
to aide in the development of Japan and international relations
The number grew from 10000 in 1983 to 64000 in 2000
Rapid decline in birthrate has higher education scrambling for ways to fill future seats and find financial security
Focus of Educational Reformbull Emphasis on Individuality - this is significantly
different from the current system that emphasizes harmony and uniformity They will focus on creativity and have more hands-on activities for children
bull Emphasis on Life Long Learning - this will bring about change in the current system from rote memorization to learning how to learn and higher level thinking
bull Emphasis on preparing students who can plan and cope with change and succeed in the information age and global society - there is political pressure for students to acquire the skills to compete internationally There is a move to provide students with comprehensive international learning to help students understand other cultures history and values
Thank you very much
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
-
National School Curriculum
Middle curriculum-Students receive instruction from specialist
subject teachers-The pace is quick and instruction is text-book
bound because teachers have to cover a lot of ground in preparation for high school entrance examinations
High Schools -adopt highly divergent high school curricula the
content may contain general or highly specialized subjects depending on the different types of high school
o A basic characteristic throughout elementary and secondary education is the continuing emphasis on science and mathematics
o The Japanese consider these subjects the basic building blocks of technology and curriculum requirements ensure that all children receive extensive grounding in them
o Mathematics is one of the required subjects on university entrance examinations and hence receives continuing attention through all grades
Elementary School
Establishmentbull Establishment by the State local governments and incorporated educational institutionsbull Compulsory school establishment (municipalities) and compulsory school enrollment
Managementbull Management and expense burdens by foundersbull System of the National Treasuryrsquos Share of Compulsory Education Expenditurebull System of teaching staff supported by prefectural fundsbull Administration by municipal board of education
Lower Secondary School
bull Individual lower secondary educational institutions in a single-track 6-3-3-4
school systembull A guarantee of the secondary education as compulsory educational institutions
Establishmentbull Established by the state regional bodies or educational corporationsbull Municipalitiesrsquo obligation to establish compulsory school and obligation of
a person who has parental authority to enroll children for compulsory schoolbull Dualization of compulsory secondary education by putting lower secondary
schools under the authority of prefectures
Administrationbull Administration and expense-burden by the founder
the School Education Law bull System of the National Treasurys Share of Compulsory Education Expendituresbull The system of teaching staff supported by prefectural fundsbull Administration of the municipal board of education
Objectives
Upper Secondary School
Types of upper secondary school systems Full-time school - part-time course - correspondence course Grade system ndash credit system Ordinary education department - Specialized education department
- Comprehensive department General education course - Advanced course - Specialized course
Educational Curriculum of upper secondary school
Subjects Special Activities and Integrated Study Ordinary subjects and subjects for specialized education Requirements for graduation more than 74 credits
HIGH SCHOOL
High Schools may be classified into one of the following types
1Elite academic high schools collect the creme de la creme of the student population and send the majority of its graduates to top national universities
2Non-elite academic high schools ostensibly prepare students for less prestigious universities or junior colleges but really send a large number of their students to private specialist schools (book-keepinglanguages and computer programming)
HIGH SCHOOL
3Vocational High Schools - it offer courses in commerce technical subjects agriculture and ho
me sciencenursing and fishery Approximately 60 of their graduates enter full-time employment
4Evening High School-they offer classes to poor but ambitious students who worked while trying to remedy their educational deficiencies
5Correspondence High School - offers a flexible form of schooling for 16 of high school students
usually those who missed out on high schooling for various reasons
Colleges of TechnologyCharacteristicsbull Set up in 1967 by requests from business circlesbull 5-year technical educational institution after compulsory educationbull Industrial course and mercantile course as special fields (Departments include also Information and Management)bull Have both characteristics of the upper course of secondary education (upper secondary school) and the lower course of higher education (junior college)bull Modification of single track school system ndash systematic end-up and transfer to universities
Organizationbull Departments as educational organizationsbull Grade Class system ndash 40 students per classbull Teachersrsquo organization based on university and managementbull organization based on non-university
Universities (Colleges and graduate schools)
Types of University Institutionsbull Higher educational institutions ndash Post-secondary educational instituti
onsbull Tertiary educational institutions Colleges ndash universities ndash graduate
schools
Particularities of Universities in Japanbull Quantitative expansion ndash mass educationbull Examination competition and university stratification
Current Reforms of University Educationbull The decline in birth rates reorganization and integration of universiti
esbull The conversion of colleges into 4-year universitiesbull Turning national universities into newly independent administrative institutions
Special Education
bull There are 995 schools for handicapped individuals
70 schools for the deaf
107 for the blind
790 for those with disabilities
This number is not seen as adequate to serve the population of special needs in the country
Schools for Handicapped
Schools for the handicappedbull Schools for the blind schools for the deaf schools for the
handicapped other than the blind and deafbull mentally retarded
Physically disabled and the health impaired Classbull Special class - eight studentsbull Special schools for the disabled- elementary and lower
secondary department - six students
upper secondary department ndash eight students
class for multiple handicappedndash three students
1049305
Teacher Methods and Training
Strong Professional Learning Communities among teachers
Teachers have 4 year degrees and are licensed through the government
Role of schools and teachers shifting in discipline and motivation of students
Teaching methods have shifted with reform efforts and movements not a tremendous amount of technology seen in classrooms
Strive for democratic classrooms
Moving away from skill and drill and are now expected to respond to individual students needs and encourage a ldquozest for livingrdquo
Called to be facilitators of learning rather than disseminators of knowledge
Class size averages 28 students
hellipto be honest we donrsquot always teach what we are supposed to We donrsquot have enough time in the schedule to teach math so we use that morning IS time for math If we donrsquot use that time for math we have to find other times to teach math
(Mr Aoyama 7th grade teacher)hellipthe Course of study contents have changed and were reduced The teachers have less material to cover but they arenrsquot sure how to deal with the changes They have become rudderless shifting from one direction to another They are under pressure to raise studentrsquos academic abilities which creates work and pressure (Mr Sekine 9 th grade teacher)
Japanese Culture
The role of the family in education of children is vital
The culture promoted within school focus on Cooperation Relationships Responsibility Following set rules and routines Values Punctuality Stewardship Loyalty Leadership amp subordinate roles
Place a high value on economic success
Confucius had a great impact on education in Japan
School Finance
National Government bears one third to one half of the cost of education
47 of the GNP is allocated to education
Schools across the nation are viewed as equal There is little variation in quality of the school due to area socio-economic factors
Challenges to Higher Education
bull Japan has already begun to experience a population decline with the result that many universities are already having difficulty maintaining their student populations although entry into top ranks of the universities remains hugely competitive
bull The emerging and foreseeable trend is that many universities will have to try to attract large numbers of foreigners or diversify or face closure It is also now said that a university education in Japan is within easier reach of students today but that quality of that higher education is now question despite the many educational reforms that have been set in motion
Higher Education in Japan
Japan is the worldrsquos largest source of study abroad students Both younger and older students (ages 12 ndash 50+) Economic downturn and need for life long learning Growing dissatisfaction with challenges and outcomes of higher educaton Very little guidance in courses or career paths
There is a push to increase the number of foreign exchange students
to aide in the development of Japan and international relations
The number grew from 10000 in 1983 to 64000 in 2000
Rapid decline in birthrate has higher education scrambling for ways to fill future seats and find financial security
Focus of Educational Reformbull Emphasis on Individuality - this is significantly
different from the current system that emphasizes harmony and uniformity They will focus on creativity and have more hands-on activities for children
bull Emphasis on Life Long Learning - this will bring about change in the current system from rote memorization to learning how to learn and higher level thinking
bull Emphasis on preparing students who can plan and cope with change and succeed in the information age and global society - there is political pressure for students to acquire the skills to compete internationally There is a move to provide students with comprehensive international learning to help students understand other cultures history and values
Thank you very much
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
-
o A basic characteristic throughout elementary and secondary education is the continuing emphasis on science and mathematics
o The Japanese consider these subjects the basic building blocks of technology and curriculum requirements ensure that all children receive extensive grounding in them
o Mathematics is one of the required subjects on university entrance examinations and hence receives continuing attention through all grades
Elementary School
Establishmentbull Establishment by the State local governments and incorporated educational institutionsbull Compulsory school establishment (municipalities) and compulsory school enrollment
Managementbull Management and expense burdens by foundersbull System of the National Treasuryrsquos Share of Compulsory Education Expenditurebull System of teaching staff supported by prefectural fundsbull Administration by municipal board of education
Lower Secondary School
bull Individual lower secondary educational institutions in a single-track 6-3-3-4
school systembull A guarantee of the secondary education as compulsory educational institutions
Establishmentbull Established by the state regional bodies or educational corporationsbull Municipalitiesrsquo obligation to establish compulsory school and obligation of
a person who has parental authority to enroll children for compulsory schoolbull Dualization of compulsory secondary education by putting lower secondary
schools under the authority of prefectures
Administrationbull Administration and expense-burden by the founder
the School Education Law bull System of the National Treasurys Share of Compulsory Education Expendituresbull The system of teaching staff supported by prefectural fundsbull Administration of the municipal board of education
Objectives
Upper Secondary School
Types of upper secondary school systems Full-time school - part-time course - correspondence course Grade system ndash credit system Ordinary education department - Specialized education department
- Comprehensive department General education course - Advanced course - Specialized course
Educational Curriculum of upper secondary school
Subjects Special Activities and Integrated Study Ordinary subjects and subjects for specialized education Requirements for graduation more than 74 credits
HIGH SCHOOL
High Schools may be classified into one of the following types
1Elite academic high schools collect the creme de la creme of the student population and send the majority of its graduates to top national universities
2Non-elite academic high schools ostensibly prepare students for less prestigious universities or junior colleges but really send a large number of their students to private specialist schools (book-keepinglanguages and computer programming)
HIGH SCHOOL
3Vocational High Schools - it offer courses in commerce technical subjects agriculture and ho
me sciencenursing and fishery Approximately 60 of their graduates enter full-time employment
4Evening High School-they offer classes to poor but ambitious students who worked while trying to remedy their educational deficiencies
5Correspondence High School - offers a flexible form of schooling for 16 of high school students
usually those who missed out on high schooling for various reasons
Colleges of TechnologyCharacteristicsbull Set up in 1967 by requests from business circlesbull 5-year technical educational institution after compulsory educationbull Industrial course and mercantile course as special fields (Departments include also Information and Management)bull Have both characteristics of the upper course of secondary education (upper secondary school) and the lower course of higher education (junior college)bull Modification of single track school system ndash systematic end-up and transfer to universities
Organizationbull Departments as educational organizationsbull Grade Class system ndash 40 students per classbull Teachersrsquo organization based on university and managementbull organization based on non-university
Universities (Colleges and graduate schools)
Types of University Institutionsbull Higher educational institutions ndash Post-secondary educational instituti
onsbull Tertiary educational institutions Colleges ndash universities ndash graduate
schools
Particularities of Universities in Japanbull Quantitative expansion ndash mass educationbull Examination competition and university stratification
Current Reforms of University Educationbull The decline in birth rates reorganization and integration of universiti
esbull The conversion of colleges into 4-year universitiesbull Turning national universities into newly independent administrative institutions
Special Education
bull There are 995 schools for handicapped individuals
70 schools for the deaf
107 for the blind
790 for those with disabilities
This number is not seen as adequate to serve the population of special needs in the country
Schools for Handicapped
Schools for the handicappedbull Schools for the blind schools for the deaf schools for the
handicapped other than the blind and deafbull mentally retarded
Physically disabled and the health impaired Classbull Special class - eight studentsbull Special schools for the disabled- elementary and lower
secondary department - six students
upper secondary department ndash eight students
class for multiple handicappedndash three students
1049305
Teacher Methods and Training
Strong Professional Learning Communities among teachers
Teachers have 4 year degrees and are licensed through the government
Role of schools and teachers shifting in discipline and motivation of students
Teaching methods have shifted with reform efforts and movements not a tremendous amount of technology seen in classrooms
Strive for democratic classrooms
Moving away from skill and drill and are now expected to respond to individual students needs and encourage a ldquozest for livingrdquo
Called to be facilitators of learning rather than disseminators of knowledge
Class size averages 28 students
hellipto be honest we donrsquot always teach what we are supposed to We donrsquot have enough time in the schedule to teach math so we use that morning IS time for math If we donrsquot use that time for math we have to find other times to teach math
(Mr Aoyama 7th grade teacher)hellipthe Course of study contents have changed and were reduced The teachers have less material to cover but they arenrsquot sure how to deal with the changes They have become rudderless shifting from one direction to another They are under pressure to raise studentrsquos academic abilities which creates work and pressure (Mr Sekine 9 th grade teacher)
Japanese Culture
The role of the family in education of children is vital
The culture promoted within school focus on Cooperation Relationships Responsibility Following set rules and routines Values Punctuality Stewardship Loyalty Leadership amp subordinate roles
Place a high value on economic success
Confucius had a great impact on education in Japan
School Finance
National Government bears one third to one half of the cost of education
47 of the GNP is allocated to education
Schools across the nation are viewed as equal There is little variation in quality of the school due to area socio-economic factors
Challenges to Higher Education
bull Japan has already begun to experience a population decline with the result that many universities are already having difficulty maintaining their student populations although entry into top ranks of the universities remains hugely competitive
bull The emerging and foreseeable trend is that many universities will have to try to attract large numbers of foreigners or diversify or face closure It is also now said that a university education in Japan is within easier reach of students today but that quality of that higher education is now question despite the many educational reforms that have been set in motion
Higher Education in Japan
Japan is the worldrsquos largest source of study abroad students Both younger and older students (ages 12 ndash 50+) Economic downturn and need for life long learning Growing dissatisfaction with challenges and outcomes of higher educaton Very little guidance in courses or career paths
There is a push to increase the number of foreign exchange students
to aide in the development of Japan and international relations
The number grew from 10000 in 1983 to 64000 in 2000
Rapid decline in birthrate has higher education scrambling for ways to fill future seats and find financial security
Focus of Educational Reformbull Emphasis on Individuality - this is significantly
different from the current system that emphasizes harmony and uniformity They will focus on creativity and have more hands-on activities for children
bull Emphasis on Life Long Learning - this will bring about change in the current system from rote memorization to learning how to learn and higher level thinking
bull Emphasis on preparing students who can plan and cope with change and succeed in the information age and global society - there is political pressure for students to acquire the skills to compete internationally There is a move to provide students with comprehensive international learning to help students understand other cultures history and values
Thank you very much
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
-
Elementary School
Establishmentbull Establishment by the State local governments and incorporated educational institutionsbull Compulsory school establishment (municipalities) and compulsory school enrollment
Managementbull Management and expense burdens by foundersbull System of the National Treasuryrsquos Share of Compulsory Education Expenditurebull System of teaching staff supported by prefectural fundsbull Administration by municipal board of education
Lower Secondary School
bull Individual lower secondary educational institutions in a single-track 6-3-3-4
school systembull A guarantee of the secondary education as compulsory educational institutions
Establishmentbull Established by the state regional bodies or educational corporationsbull Municipalitiesrsquo obligation to establish compulsory school and obligation of
a person who has parental authority to enroll children for compulsory schoolbull Dualization of compulsory secondary education by putting lower secondary
schools under the authority of prefectures
Administrationbull Administration and expense-burden by the founder
the School Education Law bull System of the National Treasurys Share of Compulsory Education Expendituresbull The system of teaching staff supported by prefectural fundsbull Administration of the municipal board of education
Objectives
Upper Secondary School
Types of upper secondary school systems Full-time school - part-time course - correspondence course Grade system ndash credit system Ordinary education department - Specialized education department
- Comprehensive department General education course - Advanced course - Specialized course
Educational Curriculum of upper secondary school
Subjects Special Activities and Integrated Study Ordinary subjects and subjects for specialized education Requirements for graduation more than 74 credits
HIGH SCHOOL
High Schools may be classified into one of the following types
1Elite academic high schools collect the creme de la creme of the student population and send the majority of its graduates to top national universities
2Non-elite academic high schools ostensibly prepare students for less prestigious universities or junior colleges but really send a large number of their students to private specialist schools (book-keepinglanguages and computer programming)
HIGH SCHOOL
3Vocational High Schools - it offer courses in commerce technical subjects agriculture and ho
me sciencenursing and fishery Approximately 60 of their graduates enter full-time employment
4Evening High School-they offer classes to poor but ambitious students who worked while trying to remedy their educational deficiencies
5Correspondence High School - offers a flexible form of schooling for 16 of high school students
usually those who missed out on high schooling for various reasons
Colleges of TechnologyCharacteristicsbull Set up in 1967 by requests from business circlesbull 5-year technical educational institution after compulsory educationbull Industrial course and mercantile course as special fields (Departments include also Information and Management)bull Have both characteristics of the upper course of secondary education (upper secondary school) and the lower course of higher education (junior college)bull Modification of single track school system ndash systematic end-up and transfer to universities
Organizationbull Departments as educational organizationsbull Grade Class system ndash 40 students per classbull Teachersrsquo organization based on university and managementbull organization based on non-university
Universities (Colleges and graduate schools)
Types of University Institutionsbull Higher educational institutions ndash Post-secondary educational instituti
onsbull Tertiary educational institutions Colleges ndash universities ndash graduate
schools
Particularities of Universities in Japanbull Quantitative expansion ndash mass educationbull Examination competition and university stratification
Current Reforms of University Educationbull The decline in birth rates reorganization and integration of universiti
esbull The conversion of colleges into 4-year universitiesbull Turning national universities into newly independent administrative institutions
Special Education
bull There are 995 schools for handicapped individuals
70 schools for the deaf
107 for the blind
790 for those with disabilities
This number is not seen as adequate to serve the population of special needs in the country
Schools for Handicapped
Schools for the handicappedbull Schools for the blind schools for the deaf schools for the
handicapped other than the blind and deafbull mentally retarded
Physically disabled and the health impaired Classbull Special class - eight studentsbull Special schools for the disabled- elementary and lower
secondary department - six students
upper secondary department ndash eight students
class for multiple handicappedndash three students
1049305
Teacher Methods and Training
Strong Professional Learning Communities among teachers
Teachers have 4 year degrees and are licensed through the government
Role of schools and teachers shifting in discipline and motivation of students
Teaching methods have shifted with reform efforts and movements not a tremendous amount of technology seen in classrooms
Strive for democratic classrooms
Moving away from skill and drill and are now expected to respond to individual students needs and encourage a ldquozest for livingrdquo
Called to be facilitators of learning rather than disseminators of knowledge
Class size averages 28 students
hellipto be honest we donrsquot always teach what we are supposed to We donrsquot have enough time in the schedule to teach math so we use that morning IS time for math If we donrsquot use that time for math we have to find other times to teach math
(Mr Aoyama 7th grade teacher)hellipthe Course of study contents have changed and were reduced The teachers have less material to cover but they arenrsquot sure how to deal with the changes They have become rudderless shifting from one direction to another They are under pressure to raise studentrsquos academic abilities which creates work and pressure (Mr Sekine 9 th grade teacher)
Japanese Culture
The role of the family in education of children is vital
The culture promoted within school focus on Cooperation Relationships Responsibility Following set rules and routines Values Punctuality Stewardship Loyalty Leadership amp subordinate roles
Place a high value on economic success
Confucius had a great impact on education in Japan
School Finance
National Government bears one third to one half of the cost of education
47 of the GNP is allocated to education
Schools across the nation are viewed as equal There is little variation in quality of the school due to area socio-economic factors
Challenges to Higher Education
bull Japan has already begun to experience a population decline with the result that many universities are already having difficulty maintaining their student populations although entry into top ranks of the universities remains hugely competitive
bull The emerging and foreseeable trend is that many universities will have to try to attract large numbers of foreigners or diversify or face closure It is also now said that a university education in Japan is within easier reach of students today but that quality of that higher education is now question despite the many educational reforms that have been set in motion
Higher Education in Japan
Japan is the worldrsquos largest source of study abroad students Both younger and older students (ages 12 ndash 50+) Economic downturn and need for life long learning Growing dissatisfaction with challenges and outcomes of higher educaton Very little guidance in courses or career paths
There is a push to increase the number of foreign exchange students
to aide in the development of Japan and international relations
The number grew from 10000 in 1983 to 64000 in 2000
Rapid decline in birthrate has higher education scrambling for ways to fill future seats and find financial security
Focus of Educational Reformbull Emphasis on Individuality - this is significantly
different from the current system that emphasizes harmony and uniformity They will focus on creativity and have more hands-on activities for children
bull Emphasis on Life Long Learning - this will bring about change in the current system from rote memorization to learning how to learn and higher level thinking
bull Emphasis on preparing students who can plan and cope with change and succeed in the information age and global society - there is political pressure for students to acquire the skills to compete internationally There is a move to provide students with comprehensive international learning to help students understand other cultures history and values
Thank you very much
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
-
Lower Secondary School
bull Individual lower secondary educational institutions in a single-track 6-3-3-4
school systembull A guarantee of the secondary education as compulsory educational institutions
Establishmentbull Established by the state regional bodies or educational corporationsbull Municipalitiesrsquo obligation to establish compulsory school and obligation of
a person who has parental authority to enroll children for compulsory schoolbull Dualization of compulsory secondary education by putting lower secondary
schools under the authority of prefectures
Administrationbull Administration and expense-burden by the founder
the School Education Law bull System of the National Treasurys Share of Compulsory Education Expendituresbull The system of teaching staff supported by prefectural fundsbull Administration of the municipal board of education
Objectives
Upper Secondary School
Types of upper secondary school systems Full-time school - part-time course - correspondence course Grade system ndash credit system Ordinary education department - Specialized education department
- Comprehensive department General education course - Advanced course - Specialized course
Educational Curriculum of upper secondary school
Subjects Special Activities and Integrated Study Ordinary subjects and subjects for specialized education Requirements for graduation more than 74 credits
HIGH SCHOOL
High Schools may be classified into one of the following types
1Elite academic high schools collect the creme de la creme of the student population and send the majority of its graduates to top national universities
2Non-elite academic high schools ostensibly prepare students for less prestigious universities or junior colleges but really send a large number of their students to private specialist schools (book-keepinglanguages and computer programming)
HIGH SCHOOL
3Vocational High Schools - it offer courses in commerce technical subjects agriculture and ho
me sciencenursing and fishery Approximately 60 of their graduates enter full-time employment
4Evening High School-they offer classes to poor but ambitious students who worked while trying to remedy their educational deficiencies
5Correspondence High School - offers a flexible form of schooling for 16 of high school students
usually those who missed out on high schooling for various reasons
Colleges of TechnologyCharacteristicsbull Set up in 1967 by requests from business circlesbull 5-year technical educational institution after compulsory educationbull Industrial course and mercantile course as special fields (Departments include also Information and Management)bull Have both characteristics of the upper course of secondary education (upper secondary school) and the lower course of higher education (junior college)bull Modification of single track school system ndash systematic end-up and transfer to universities
Organizationbull Departments as educational organizationsbull Grade Class system ndash 40 students per classbull Teachersrsquo organization based on university and managementbull organization based on non-university
Universities (Colleges and graduate schools)
Types of University Institutionsbull Higher educational institutions ndash Post-secondary educational instituti
onsbull Tertiary educational institutions Colleges ndash universities ndash graduate
schools
Particularities of Universities in Japanbull Quantitative expansion ndash mass educationbull Examination competition and university stratification
Current Reforms of University Educationbull The decline in birth rates reorganization and integration of universiti
esbull The conversion of colleges into 4-year universitiesbull Turning national universities into newly independent administrative institutions
Special Education
bull There are 995 schools for handicapped individuals
70 schools for the deaf
107 for the blind
790 for those with disabilities
This number is not seen as adequate to serve the population of special needs in the country
Schools for Handicapped
Schools for the handicappedbull Schools for the blind schools for the deaf schools for the
handicapped other than the blind and deafbull mentally retarded
Physically disabled and the health impaired Classbull Special class - eight studentsbull Special schools for the disabled- elementary and lower
secondary department - six students
upper secondary department ndash eight students
class for multiple handicappedndash three students
1049305
Teacher Methods and Training
Strong Professional Learning Communities among teachers
Teachers have 4 year degrees and are licensed through the government
Role of schools and teachers shifting in discipline and motivation of students
Teaching methods have shifted with reform efforts and movements not a tremendous amount of technology seen in classrooms
Strive for democratic classrooms
Moving away from skill and drill and are now expected to respond to individual students needs and encourage a ldquozest for livingrdquo
Called to be facilitators of learning rather than disseminators of knowledge
Class size averages 28 students
hellipto be honest we donrsquot always teach what we are supposed to We donrsquot have enough time in the schedule to teach math so we use that morning IS time for math If we donrsquot use that time for math we have to find other times to teach math
(Mr Aoyama 7th grade teacher)hellipthe Course of study contents have changed and were reduced The teachers have less material to cover but they arenrsquot sure how to deal with the changes They have become rudderless shifting from one direction to another They are under pressure to raise studentrsquos academic abilities which creates work and pressure (Mr Sekine 9 th grade teacher)
Japanese Culture
The role of the family in education of children is vital
The culture promoted within school focus on Cooperation Relationships Responsibility Following set rules and routines Values Punctuality Stewardship Loyalty Leadership amp subordinate roles
Place a high value on economic success
Confucius had a great impact on education in Japan
School Finance
National Government bears one third to one half of the cost of education
47 of the GNP is allocated to education
Schools across the nation are viewed as equal There is little variation in quality of the school due to area socio-economic factors
Challenges to Higher Education
bull Japan has already begun to experience a population decline with the result that many universities are already having difficulty maintaining their student populations although entry into top ranks of the universities remains hugely competitive
bull The emerging and foreseeable trend is that many universities will have to try to attract large numbers of foreigners or diversify or face closure It is also now said that a university education in Japan is within easier reach of students today but that quality of that higher education is now question despite the many educational reforms that have been set in motion
Higher Education in Japan
Japan is the worldrsquos largest source of study abroad students Both younger and older students (ages 12 ndash 50+) Economic downturn and need for life long learning Growing dissatisfaction with challenges and outcomes of higher educaton Very little guidance in courses or career paths
There is a push to increase the number of foreign exchange students
to aide in the development of Japan and international relations
The number grew from 10000 in 1983 to 64000 in 2000
Rapid decline in birthrate has higher education scrambling for ways to fill future seats and find financial security
Focus of Educational Reformbull Emphasis on Individuality - this is significantly
different from the current system that emphasizes harmony and uniformity They will focus on creativity and have more hands-on activities for children
bull Emphasis on Life Long Learning - this will bring about change in the current system from rote memorization to learning how to learn and higher level thinking
bull Emphasis on preparing students who can plan and cope with change and succeed in the information age and global society - there is political pressure for students to acquire the skills to compete internationally There is a move to provide students with comprehensive international learning to help students understand other cultures history and values
Thank you very much
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
-
Upper Secondary School
Types of upper secondary school systems Full-time school - part-time course - correspondence course Grade system ndash credit system Ordinary education department - Specialized education department
- Comprehensive department General education course - Advanced course - Specialized course
Educational Curriculum of upper secondary school
Subjects Special Activities and Integrated Study Ordinary subjects and subjects for specialized education Requirements for graduation more than 74 credits
HIGH SCHOOL
High Schools may be classified into one of the following types
1Elite academic high schools collect the creme de la creme of the student population and send the majority of its graduates to top national universities
2Non-elite academic high schools ostensibly prepare students for less prestigious universities or junior colleges but really send a large number of their students to private specialist schools (book-keepinglanguages and computer programming)
HIGH SCHOOL
3Vocational High Schools - it offer courses in commerce technical subjects agriculture and ho
me sciencenursing and fishery Approximately 60 of their graduates enter full-time employment
4Evening High School-they offer classes to poor but ambitious students who worked while trying to remedy their educational deficiencies
5Correspondence High School - offers a flexible form of schooling for 16 of high school students
usually those who missed out on high schooling for various reasons
Colleges of TechnologyCharacteristicsbull Set up in 1967 by requests from business circlesbull 5-year technical educational institution after compulsory educationbull Industrial course and mercantile course as special fields (Departments include also Information and Management)bull Have both characteristics of the upper course of secondary education (upper secondary school) and the lower course of higher education (junior college)bull Modification of single track school system ndash systematic end-up and transfer to universities
Organizationbull Departments as educational organizationsbull Grade Class system ndash 40 students per classbull Teachersrsquo organization based on university and managementbull organization based on non-university
Universities (Colleges and graduate schools)
Types of University Institutionsbull Higher educational institutions ndash Post-secondary educational instituti
onsbull Tertiary educational institutions Colleges ndash universities ndash graduate
schools
Particularities of Universities in Japanbull Quantitative expansion ndash mass educationbull Examination competition and university stratification
Current Reforms of University Educationbull The decline in birth rates reorganization and integration of universiti
esbull The conversion of colleges into 4-year universitiesbull Turning national universities into newly independent administrative institutions
Special Education
bull There are 995 schools for handicapped individuals
70 schools for the deaf
107 for the blind
790 for those with disabilities
This number is not seen as adequate to serve the population of special needs in the country
Schools for Handicapped
Schools for the handicappedbull Schools for the blind schools for the deaf schools for the
handicapped other than the blind and deafbull mentally retarded
Physically disabled and the health impaired Classbull Special class - eight studentsbull Special schools for the disabled- elementary and lower
secondary department - six students
upper secondary department ndash eight students
class for multiple handicappedndash three students
1049305
Teacher Methods and Training
Strong Professional Learning Communities among teachers
Teachers have 4 year degrees and are licensed through the government
Role of schools and teachers shifting in discipline and motivation of students
Teaching methods have shifted with reform efforts and movements not a tremendous amount of technology seen in classrooms
Strive for democratic classrooms
Moving away from skill and drill and are now expected to respond to individual students needs and encourage a ldquozest for livingrdquo
Called to be facilitators of learning rather than disseminators of knowledge
Class size averages 28 students
hellipto be honest we donrsquot always teach what we are supposed to We donrsquot have enough time in the schedule to teach math so we use that morning IS time for math If we donrsquot use that time for math we have to find other times to teach math
(Mr Aoyama 7th grade teacher)hellipthe Course of study contents have changed and were reduced The teachers have less material to cover but they arenrsquot sure how to deal with the changes They have become rudderless shifting from one direction to another They are under pressure to raise studentrsquos academic abilities which creates work and pressure (Mr Sekine 9 th grade teacher)
Japanese Culture
The role of the family in education of children is vital
The culture promoted within school focus on Cooperation Relationships Responsibility Following set rules and routines Values Punctuality Stewardship Loyalty Leadership amp subordinate roles
Place a high value on economic success
Confucius had a great impact on education in Japan
School Finance
National Government bears one third to one half of the cost of education
47 of the GNP is allocated to education
Schools across the nation are viewed as equal There is little variation in quality of the school due to area socio-economic factors
Challenges to Higher Education
bull Japan has already begun to experience a population decline with the result that many universities are already having difficulty maintaining their student populations although entry into top ranks of the universities remains hugely competitive
bull The emerging and foreseeable trend is that many universities will have to try to attract large numbers of foreigners or diversify or face closure It is also now said that a university education in Japan is within easier reach of students today but that quality of that higher education is now question despite the many educational reforms that have been set in motion
Higher Education in Japan
Japan is the worldrsquos largest source of study abroad students Both younger and older students (ages 12 ndash 50+) Economic downturn and need for life long learning Growing dissatisfaction with challenges and outcomes of higher educaton Very little guidance in courses or career paths
There is a push to increase the number of foreign exchange students
to aide in the development of Japan and international relations
The number grew from 10000 in 1983 to 64000 in 2000
Rapid decline in birthrate has higher education scrambling for ways to fill future seats and find financial security
Focus of Educational Reformbull Emphasis on Individuality - this is significantly
different from the current system that emphasizes harmony and uniformity They will focus on creativity and have more hands-on activities for children
bull Emphasis on Life Long Learning - this will bring about change in the current system from rote memorization to learning how to learn and higher level thinking
bull Emphasis on preparing students who can plan and cope with change and succeed in the information age and global society - there is political pressure for students to acquire the skills to compete internationally There is a move to provide students with comprehensive international learning to help students understand other cultures history and values
Thank you very much
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
-
HIGH SCHOOL
High Schools may be classified into one of the following types
1Elite academic high schools collect the creme de la creme of the student population and send the majority of its graduates to top national universities
2Non-elite academic high schools ostensibly prepare students for less prestigious universities or junior colleges but really send a large number of their students to private specialist schools (book-keepinglanguages and computer programming)
HIGH SCHOOL
3Vocational High Schools - it offer courses in commerce technical subjects agriculture and ho
me sciencenursing and fishery Approximately 60 of their graduates enter full-time employment
4Evening High School-they offer classes to poor but ambitious students who worked while trying to remedy their educational deficiencies
5Correspondence High School - offers a flexible form of schooling for 16 of high school students
usually those who missed out on high schooling for various reasons
Colleges of TechnologyCharacteristicsbull Set up in 1967 by requests from business circlesbull 5-year technical educational institution after compulsory educationbull Industrial course and mercantile course as special fields (Departments include also Information and Management)bull Have both characteristics of the upper course of secondary education (upper secondary school) and the lower course of higher education (junior college)bull Modification of single track school system ndash systematic end-up and transfer to universities
Organizationbull Departments as educational organizationsbull Grade Class system ndash 40 students per classbull Teachersrsquo organization based on university and managementbull organization based on non-university
Universities (Colleges and graduate schools)
Types of University Institutionsbull Higher educational institutions ndash Post-secondary educational instituti
onsbull Tertiary educational institutions Colleges ndash universities ndash graduate
schools
Particularities of Universities in Japanbull Quantitative expansion ndash mass educationbull Examination competition and university stratification
Current Reforms of University Educationbull The decline in birth rates reorganization and integration of universiti
esbull The conversion of colleges into 4-year universitiesbull Turning national universities into newly independent administrative institutions
Special Education
bull There are 995 schools for handicapped individuals
70 schools for the deaf
107 for the blind
790 for those with disabilities
This number is not seen as adequate to serve the population of special needs in the country
Schools for Handicapped
Schools for the handicappedbull Schools for the blind schools for the deaf schools for the
handicapped other than the blind and deafbull mentally retarded
Physically disabled and the health impaired Classbull Special class - eight studentsbull Special schools for the disabled- elementary and lower
secondary department - six students
upper secondary department ndash eight students
class for multiple handicappedndash three students
1049305
Teacher Methods and Training
Strong Professional Learning Communities among teachers
Teachers have 4 year degrees and are licensed through the government
Role of schools and teachers shifting in discipline and motivation of students
Teaching methods have shifted with reform efforts and movements not a tremendous amount of technology seen in classrooms
Strive for democratic classrooms
Moving away from skill and drill and are now expected to respond to individual students needs and encourage a ldquozest for livingrdquo
Called to be facilitators of learning rather than disseminators of knowledge
Class size averages 28 students
hellipto be honest we donrsquot always teach what we are supposed to We donrsquot have enough time in the schedule to teach math so we use that morning IS time for math If we donrsquot use that time for math we have to find other times to teach math
(Mr Aoyama 7th grade teacher)hellipthe Course of study contents have changed and were reduced The teachers have less material to cover but they arenrsquot sure how to deal with the changes They have become rudderless shifting from one direction to another They are under pressure to raise studentrsquos academic abilities which creates work and pressure (Mr Sekine 9 th grade teacher)
Japanese Culture
The role of the family in education of children is vital
The culture promoted within school focus on Cooperation Relationships Responsibility Following set rules and routines Values Punctuality Stewardship Loyalty Leadership amp subordinate roles
Place a high value on economic success
Confucius had a great impact on education in Japan
School Finance
National Government bears one third to one half of the cost of education
47 of the GNP is allocated to education
Schools across the nation are viewed as equal There is little variation in quality of the school due to area socio-economic factors
Challenges to Higher Education
bull Japan has already begun to experience a population decline with the result that many universities are already having difficulty maintaining their student populations although entry into top ranks of the universities remains hugely competitive
bull The emerging and foreseeable trend is that many universities will have to try to attract large numbers of foreigners or diversify or face closure It is also now said that a university education in Japan is within easier reach of students today but that quality of that higher education is now question despite the many educational reforms that have been set in motion
Higher Education in Japan
Japan is the worldrsquos largest source of study abroad students Both younger and older students (ages 12 ndash 50+) Economic downturn and need for life long learning Growing dissatisfaction with challenges and outcomes of higher educaton Very little guidance in courses or career paths
There is a push to increase the number of foreign exchange students
to aide in the development of Japan and international relations
The number grew from 10000 in 1983 to 64000 in 2000
Rapid decline in birthrate has higher education scrambling for ways to fill future seats and find financial security
Focus of Educational Reformbull Emphasis on Individuality - this is significantly
different from the current system that emphasizes harmony and uniformity They will focus on creativity and have more hands-on activities for children
bull Emphasis on Life Long Learning - this will bring about change in the current system from rote memorization to learning how to learn and higher level thinking
bull Emphasis on preparing students who can plan and cope with change and succeed in the information age and global society - there is political pressure for students to acquire the skills to compete internationally There is a move to provide students with comprehensive international learning to help students understand other cultures history and values
Thank you very much
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
-
HIGH SCHOOL
3Vocational High Schools - it offer courses in commerce technical subjects agriculture and ho
me sciencenursing and fishery Approximately 60 of their graduates enter full-time employment
4Evening High School-they offer classes to poor but ambitious students who worked while trying to remedy their educational deficiencies
5Correspondence High School - offers a flexible form of schooling for 16 of high school students
usually those who missed out on high schooling for various reasons
Colleges of TechnologyCharacteristicsbull Set up in 1967 by requests from business circlesbull 5-year technical educational institution after compulsory educationbull Industrial course and mercantile course as special fields (Departments include also Information and Management)bull Have both characteristics of the upper course of secondary education (upper secondary school) and the lower course of higher education (junior college)bull Modification of single track school system ndash systematic end-up and transfer to universities
Organizationbull Departments as educational organizationsbull Grade Class system ndash 40 students per classbull Teachersrsquo organization based on university and managementbull organization based on non-university
Universities (Colleges and graduate schools)
Types of University Institutionsbull Higher educational institutions ndash Post-secondary educational instituti
onsbull Tertiary educational institutions Colleges ndash universities ndash graduate
schools
Particularities of Universities in Japanbull Quantitative expansion ndash mass educationbull Examination competition and university stratification
Current Reforms of University Educationbull The decline in birth rates reorganization and integration of universiti
esbull The conversion of colleges into 4-year universitiesbull Turning national universities into newly independent administrative institutions
Special Education
bull There are 995 schools for handicapped individuals
70 schools for the deaf
107 for the blind
790 for those with disabilities
This number is not seen as adequate to serve the population of special needs in the country
Schools for Handicapped
Schools for the handicappedbull Schools for the blind schools for the deaf schools for the
handicapped other than the blind and deafbull mentally retarded
Physically disabled and the health impaired Classbull Special class - eight studentsbull Special schools for the disabled- elementary and lower
secondary department - six students
upper secondary department ndash eight students
class for multiple handicappedndash three students
1049305
Teacher Methods and Training
Strong Professional Learning Communities among teachers
Teachers have 4 year degrees and are licensed through the government
Role of schools and teachers shifting in discipline and motivation of students
Teaching methods have shifted with reform efforts and movements not a tremendous amount of technology seen in classrooms
Strive for democratic classrooms
Moving away from skill and drill and are now expected to respond to individual students needs and encourage a ldquozest for livingrdquo
Called to be facilitators of learning rather than disseminators of knowledge
Class size averages 28 students
hellipto be honest we donrsquot always teach what we are supposed to We donrsquot have enough time in the schedule to teach math so we use that morning IS time for math If we donrsquot use that time for math we have to find other times to teach math
(Mr Aoyama 7th grade teacher)hellipthe Course of study contents have changed and were reduced The teachers have less material to cover but they arenrsquot sure how to deal with the changes They have become rudderless shifting from one direction to another They are under pressure to raise studentrsquos academic abilities which creates work and pressure (Mr Sekine 9 th grade teacher)
Japanese Culture
The role of the family in education of children is vital
The culture promoted within school focus on Cooperation Relationships Responsibility Following set rules and routines Values Punctuality Stewardship Loyalty Leadership amp subordinate roles
Place a high value on economic success
Confucius had a great impact on education in Japan
School Finance
National Government bears one third to one half of the cost of education
47 of the GNP is allocated to education
Schools across the nation are viewed as equal There is little variation in quality of the school due to area socio-economic factors
Challenges to Higher Education
bull Japan has already begun to experience a population decline with the result that many universities are already having difficulty maintaining their student populations although entry into top ranks of the universities remains hugely competitive
bull The emerging and foreseeable trend is that many universities will have to try to attract large numbers of foreigners or diversify or face closure It is also now said that a university education in Japan is within easier reach of students today but that quality of that higher education is now question despite the many educational reforms that have been set in motion
Higher Education in Japan
Japan is the worldrsquos largest source of study abroad students Both younger and older students (ages 12 ndash 50+) Economic downturn and need for life long learning Growing dissatisfaction with challenges and outcomes of higher educaton Very little guidance in courses or career paths
There is a push to increase the number of foreign exchange students
to aide in the development of Japan and international relations
The number grew from 10000 in 1983 to 64000 in 2000
Rapid decline in birthrate has higher education scrambling for ways to fill future seats and find financial security
Focus of Educational Reformbull Emphasis on Individuality - this is significantly
different from the current system that emphasizes harmony and uniformity They will focus on creativity and have more hands-on activities for children
bull Emphasis on Life Long Learning - this will bring about change in the current system from rote memorization to learning how to learn and higher level thinking
bull Emphasis on preparing students who can plan and cope with change and succeed in the information age and global society - there is political pressure for students to acquire the skills to compete internationally There is a move to provide students with comprehensive international learning to help students understand other cultures history and values
Thank you very much
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
-
Colleges of TechnologyCharacteristicsbull Set up in 1967 by requests from business circlesbull 5-year technical educational institution after compulsory educationbull Industrial course and mercantile course as special fields (Departments include also Information and Management)bull Have both characteristics of the upper course of secondary education (upper secondary school) and the lower course of higher education (junior college)bull Modification of single track school system ndash systematic end-up and transfer to universities
Organizationbull Departments as educational organizationsbull Grade Class system ndash 40 students per classbull Teachersrsquo organization based on university and managementbull organization based on non-university
Universities (Colleges and graduate schools)
Types of University Institutionsbull Higher educational institutions ndash Post-secondary educational instituti
onsbull Tertiary educational institutions Colleges ndash universities ndash graduate
schools
Particularities of Universities in Japanbull Quantitative expansion ndash mass educationbull Examination competition and university stratification
Current Reforms of University Educationbull The decline in birth rates reorganization and integration of universiti
esbull The conversion of colleges into 4-year universitiesbull Turning national universities into newly independent administrative institutions
Special Education
bull There are 995 schools for handicapped individuals
70 schools for the deaf
107 for the blind
790 for those with disabilities
This number is not seen as adequate to serve the population of special needs in the country
Schools for Handicapped
Schools for the handicappedbull Schools for the blind schools for the deaf schools for the
handicapped other than the blind and deafbull mentally retarded
Physically disabled and the health impaired Classbull Special class - eight studentsbull Special schools for the disabled- elementary and lower
secondary department - six students
upper secondary department ndash eight students
class for multiple handicappedndash three students
1049305
Teacher Methods and Training
Strong Professional Learning Communities among teachers
Teachers have 4 year degrees and are licensed through the government
Role of schools and teachers shifting in discipline and motivation of students
Teaching methods have shifted with reform efforts and movements not a tremendous amount of technology seen in classrooms
Strive for democratic classrooms
Moving away from skill and drill and are now expected to respond to individual students needs and encourage a ldquozest for livingrdquo
Called to be facilitators of learning rather than disseminators of knowledge
Class size averages 28 students
hellipto be honest we donrsquot always teach what we are supposed to We donrsquot have enough time in the schedule to teach math so we use that morning IS time for math If we donrsquot use that time for math we have to find other times to teach math
(Mr Aoyama 7th grade teacher)hellipthe Course of study contents have changed and were reduced The teachers have less material to cover but they arenrsquot sure how to deal with the changes They have become rudderless shifting from one direction to another They are under pressure to raise studentrsquos academic abilities which creates work and pressure (Mr Sekine 9 th grade teacher)
Japanese Culture
The role of the family in education of children is vital
The culture promoted within school focus on Cooperation Relationships Responsibility Following set rules and routines Values Punctuality Stewardship Loyalty Leadership amp subordinate roles
Place a high value on economic success
Confucius had a great impact on education in Japan
School Finance
National Government bears one third to one half of the cost of education
47 of the GNP is allocated to education
Schools across the nation are viewed as equal There is little variation in quality of the school due to area socio-economic factors
Challenges to Higher Education
bull Japan has already begun to experience a population decline with the result that many universities are already having difficulty maintaining their student populations although entry into top ranks of the universities remains hugely competitive
bull The emerging and foreseeable trend is that many universities will have to try to attract large numbers of foreigners or diversify or face closure It is also now said that a university education in Japan is within easier reach of students today but that quality of that higher education is now question despite the many educational reforms that have been set in motion
Higher Education in Japan
Japan is the worldrsquos largest source of study abroad students Both younger and older students (ages 12 ndash 50+) Economic downturn and need for life long learning Growing dissatisfaction with challenges and outcomes of higher educaton Very little guidance in courses or career paths
There is a push to increase the number of foreign exchange students
to aide in the development of Japan and international relations
The number grew from 10000 in 1983 to 64000 in 2000
Rapid decline in birthrate has higher education scrambling for ways to fill future seats and find financial security
Focus of Educational Reformbull Emphasis on Individuality - this is significantly
different from the current system that emphasizes harmony and uniformity They will focus on creativity and have more hands-on activities for children
bull Emphasis on Life Long Learning - this will bring about change in the current system from rote memorization to learning how to learn and higher level thinking
bull Emphasis on preparing students who can plan and cope with change and succeed in the information age and global society - there is political pressure for students to acquire the skills to compete internationally There is a move to provide students with comprehensive international learning to help students understand other cultures history and values
Thank you very much
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
-
Universities (Colleges and graduate schools)
Types of University Institutionsbull Higher educational institutions ndash Post-secondary educational instituti
onsbull Tertiary educational institutions Colleges ndash universities ndash graduate
schools
Particularities of Universities in Japanbull Quantitative expansion ndash mass educationbull Examination competition and university stratification
Current Reforms of University Educationbull The decline in birth rates reorganization and integration of universiti
esbull The conversion of colleges into 4-year universitiesbull Turning national universities into newly independent administrative institutions
Special Education
bull There are 995 schools for handicapped individuals
70 schools for the deaf
107 for the blind
790 for those with disabilities
This number is not seen as adequate to serve the population of special needs in the country
Schools for Handicapped
Schools for the handicappedbull Schools for the blind schools for the deaf schools for the
handicapped other than the blind and deafbull mentally retarded
Physically disabled and the health impaired Classbull Special class - eight studentsbull Special schools for the disabled- elementary and lower
secondary department - six students
upper secondary department ndash eight students
class for multiple handicappedndash three students
1049305
Teacher Methods and Training
Strong Professional Learning Communities among teachers
Teachers have 4 year degrees and are licensed through the government
Role of schools and teachers shifting in discipline and motivation of students
Teaching methods have shifted with reform efforts and movements not a tremendous amount of technology seen in classrooms
Strive for democratic classrooms
Moving away from skill and drill and are now expected to respond to individual students needs and encourage a ldquozest for livingrdquo
Called to be facilitators of learning rather than disseminators of knowledge
Class size averages 28 students
hellipto be honest we donrsquot always teach what we are supposed to We donrsquot have enough time in the schedule to teach math so we use that morning IS time for math If we donrsquot use that time for math we have to find other times to teach math
(Mr Aoyama 7th grade teacher)hellipthe Course of study contents have changed and were reduced The teachers have less material to cover but they arenrsquot sure how to deal with the changes They have become rudderless shifting from one direction to another They are under pressure to raise studentrsquos academic abilities which creates work and pressure (Mr Sekine 9 th grade teacher)
Japanese Culture
The role of the family in education of children is vital
The culture promoted within school focus on Cooperation Relationships Responsibility Following set rules and routines Values Punctuality Stewardship Loyalty Leadership amp subordinate roles
Place a high value on economic success
Confucius had a great impact on education in Japan
School Finance
National Government bears one third to one half of the cost of education
47 of the GNP is allocated to education
Schools across the nation are viewed as equal There is little variation in quality of the school due to area socio-economic factors
Challenges to Higher Education
bull Japan has already begun to experience a population decline with the result that many universities are already having difficulty maintaining their student populations although entry into top ranks of the universities remains hugely competitive
bull The emerging and foreseeable trend is that many universities will have to try to attract large numbers of foreigners or diversify or face closure It is also now said that a university education in Japan is within easier reach of students today but that quality of that higher education is now question despite the many educational reforms that have been set in motion
Higher Education in Japan
Japan is the worldrsquos largest source of study abroad students Both younger and older students (ages 12 ndash 50+) Economic downturn and need for life long learning Growing dissatisfaction with challenges and outcomes of higher educaton Very little guidance in courses or career paths
There is a push to increase the number of foreign exchange students
to aide in the development of Japan and international relations
The number grew from 10000 in 1983 to 64000 in 2000
Rapid decline in birthrate has higher education scrambling for ways to fill future seats and find financial security
Focus of Educational Reformbull Emphasis on Individuality - this is significantly
different from the current system that emphasizes harmony and uniformity They will focus on creativity and have more hands-on activities for children
bull Emphasis on Life Long Learning - this will bring about change in the current system from rote memorization to learning how to learn and higher level thinking
bull Emphasis on preparing students who can plan and cope with change and succeed in the information age and global society - there is political pressure for students to acquire the skills to compete internationally There is a move to provide students with comprehensive international learning to help students understand other cultures history and values
Thank you very much
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
-
Special Education
bull There are 995 schools for handicapped individuals
70 schools for the deaf
107 for the blind
790 for those with disabilities
This number is not seen as adequate to serve the population of special needs in the country
Schools for Handicapped
Schools for the handicappedbull Schools for the blind schools for the deaf schools for the
handicapped other than the blind and deafbull mentally retarded
Physically disabled and the health impaired Classbull Special class - eight studentsbull Special schools for the disabled- elementary and lower
secondary department - six students
upper secondary department ndash eight students
class for multiple handicappedndash three students
1049305
Teacher Methods and Training
Strong Professional Learning Communities among teachers
Teachers have 4 year degrees and are licensed through the government
Role of schools and teachers shifting in discipline and motivation of students
Teaching methods have shifted with reform efforts and movements not a tremendous amount of technology seen in classrooms
Strive for democratic classrooms
Moving away from skill and drill and are now expected to respond to individual students needs and encourage a ldquozest for livingrdquo
Called to be facilitators of learning rather than disseminators of knowledge
Class size averages 28 students
hellipto be honest we donrsquot always teach what we are supposed to We donrsquot have enough time in the schedule to teach math so we use that morning IS time for math If we donrsquot use that time for math we have to find other times to teach math
(Mr Aoyama 7th grade teacher)hellipthe Course of study contents have changed and were reduced The teachers have less material to cover but they arenrsquot sure how to deal with the changes They have become rudderless shifting from one direction to another They are under pressure to raise studentrsquos academic abilities which creates work and pressure (Mr Sekine 9 th grade teacher)
Japanese Culture
The role of the family in education of children is vital
The culture promoted within school focus on Cooperation Relationships Responsibility Following set rules and routines Values Punctuality Stewardship Loyalty Leadership amp subordinate roles
Place a high value on economic success
Confucius had a great impact on education in Japan
School Finance
National Government bears one third to one half of the cost of education
47 of the GNP is allocated to education
Schools across the nation are viewed as equal There is little variation in quality of the school due to area socio-economic factors
Challenges to Higher Education
bull Japan has already begun to experience a population decline with the result that many universities are already having difficulty maintaining their student populations although entry into top ranks of the universities remains hugely competitive
bull The emerging and foreseeable trend is that many universities will have to try to attract large numbers of foreigners or diversify or face closure It is also now said that a university education in Japan is within easier reach of students today but that quality of that higher education is now question despite the many educational reforms that have been set in motion
Higher Education in Japan
Japan is the worldrsquos largest source of study abroad students Both younger and older students (ages 12 ndash 50+) Economic downturn and need for life long learning Growing dissatisfaction with challenges and outcomes of higher educaton Very little guidance in courses or career paths
There is a push to increase the number of foreign exchange students
to aide in the development of Japan and international relations
The number grew from 10000 in 1983 to 64000 in 2000
Rapid decline in birthrate has higher education scrambling for ways to fill future seats and find financial security
Focus of Educational Reformbull Emphasis on Individuality - this is significantly
different from the current system that emphasizes harmony and uniformity They will focus on creativity and have more hands-on activities for children
bull Emphasis on Life Long Learning - this will bring about change in the current system from rote memorization to learning how to learn and higher level thinking
bull Emphasis on preparing students who can plan and cope with change and succeed in the information age and global society - there is political pressure for students to acquire the skills to compete internationally There is a move to provide students with comprehensive international learning to help students understand other cultures history and values
Thank you very much
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
-
Schools for Handicapped
Schools for the handicappedbull Schools for the blind schools for the deaf schools for the
handicapped other than the blind and deafbull mentally retarded
Physically disabled and the health impaired Classbull Special class - eight studentsbull Special schools for the disabled- elementary and lower
secondary department - six students
upper secondary department ndash eight students
class for multiple handicappedndash three students
1049305
Teacher Methods and Training
Strong Professional Learning Communities among teachers
Teachers have 4 year degrees and are licensed through the government
Role of schools and teachers shifting in discipline and motivation of students
Teaching methods have shifted with reform efforts and movements not a tremendous amount of technology seen in classrooms
Strive for democratic classrooms
Moving away from skill and drill and are now expected to respond to individual students needs and encourage a ldquozest for livingrdquo
Called to be facilitators of learning rather than disseminators of knowledge
Class size averages 28 students
hellipto be honest we donrsquot always teach what we are supposed to We donrsquot have enough time in the schedule to teach math so we use that morning IS time for math If we donrsquot use that time for math we have to find other times to teach math
(Mr Aoyama 7th grade teacher)hellipthe Course of study contents have changed and were reduced The teachers have less material to cover but they arenrsquot sure how to deal with the changes They have become rudderless shifting from one direction to another They are under pressure to raise studentrsquos academic abilities which creates work and pressure (Mr Sekine 9 th grade teacher)
Japanese Culture
The role of the family in education of children is vital
The culture promoted within school focus on Cooperation Relationships Responsibility Following set rules and routines Values Punctuality Stewardship Loyalty Leadership amp subordinate roles
Place a high value on economic success
Confucius had a great impact on education in Japan
School Finance
National Government bears one third to one half of the cost of education
47 of the GNP is allocated to education
Schools across the nation are viewed as equal There is little variation in quality of the school due to area socio-economic factors
Challenges to Higher Education
bull Japan has already begun to experience a population decline with the result that many universities are already having difficulty maintaining their student populations although entry into top ranks of the universities remains hugely competitive
bull The emerging and foreseeable trend is that many universities will have to try to attract large numbers of foreigners or diversify or face closure It is also now said that a university education in Japan is within easier reach of students today but that quality of that higher education is now question despite the many educational reforms that have been set in motion
Higher Education in Japan
Japan is the worldrsquos largest source of study abroad students Both younger and older students (ages 12 ndash 50+) Economic downturn and need for life long learning Growing dissatisfaction with challenges and outcomes of higher educaton Very little guidance in courses or career paths
There is a push to increase the number of foreign exchange students
to aide in the development of Japan and international relations
The number grew from 10000 in 1983 to 64000 in 2000
Rapid decline in birthrate has higher education scrambling for ways to fill future seats and find financial security
Focus of Educational Reformbull Emphasis on Individuality - this is significantly
different from the current system that emphasizes harmony and uniformity They will focus on creativity and have more hands-on activities for children
bull Emphasis on Life Long Learning - this will bring about change in the current system from rote memorization to learning how to learn and higher level thinking
bull Emphasis on preparing students who can plan and cope with change and succeed in the information age and global society - there is political pressure for students to acquire the skills to compete internationally There is a move to provide students with comprehensive international learning to help students understand other cultures history and values
Thank you very much
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
-
Teacher Methods and Training
Strong Professional Learning Communities among teachers
Teachers have 4 year degrees and are licensed through the government
Role of schools and teachers shifting in discipline and motivation of students
Teaching methods have shifted with reform efforts and movements not a tremendous amount of technology seen in classrooms
Strive for democratic classrooms
Moving away from skill and drill and are now expected to respond to individual students needs and encourage a ldquozest for livingrdquo
Called to be facilitators of learning rather than disseminators of knowledge
Class size averages 28 students
hellipto be honest we donrsquot always teach what we are supposed to We donrsquot have enough time in the schedule to teach math so we use that morning IS time for math If we donrsquot use that time for math we have to find other times to teach math
(Mr Aoyama 7th grade teacher)hellipthe Course of study contents have changed and were reduced The teachers have less material to cover but they arenrsquot sure how to deal with the changes They have become rudderless shifting from one direction to another They are under pressure to raise studentrsquos academic abilities which creates work and pressure (Mr Sekine 9 th grade teacher)
Japanese Culture
The role of the family in education of children is vital
The culture promoted within school focus on Cooperation Relationships Responsibility Following set rules and routines Values Punctuality Stewardship Loyalty Leadership amp subordinate roles
Place a high value on economic success
Confucius had a great impact on education in Japan
School Finance
National Government bears one third to one half of the cost of education
47 of the GNP is allocated to education
Schools across the nation are viewed as equal There is little variation in quality of the school due to area socio-economic factors
Challenges to Higher Education
bull Japan has already begun to experience a population decline with the result that many universities are already having difficulty maintaining their student populations although entry into top ranks of the universities remains hugely competitive
bull The emerging and foreseeable trend is that many universities will have to try to attract large numbers of foreigners or diversify or face closure It is also now said that a university education in Japan is within easier reach of students today but that quality of that higher education is now question despite the many educational reforms that have been set in motion
Higher Education in Japan
Japan is the worldrsquos largest source of study abroad students Both younger and older students (ages 12 ndash 50+) Economic downturn and need for life long learning Growing dissatisfaction with challenges and outcomes of higher educaton Very little guidance in courses or career paths
There is a push to increase the number of foreign exchange students
to aide in the development of Japan and international relations
The number grew from 10000 in 1983 to 64000 in 2000
Rapid decline in birthrate has higher education scrambling for ways to fill future seats and find financial security
Focus of Educational Reformbull Emphasis on Individuality - this is significantly
different from the current system that emphasizes harmony and uniformity They will focus on creativity and have more hands-on activities for children
bull Emphasis on Life Long Learning - this will bring about change in the current system from rote memorization to learning how to learn and higher level thinking
bull Emphasis on preparing students who can plan and cope with change and succeed in the information age and global society - there is political pressure for students to acquire the skills to compete internationally There is a move to provide students with comprehensive international learning to help students understand other cultures history and values
Thank you very much
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
-
Class size averages 28 students
hellipto be honest we donrsquot always teach what we are supposed to We donrsquot have enough time in the schedule to teach math so we use that morning IS time for math If we donrsquot use that time for math we have to find other times to teach math
(Mr Aoyama 7th grade teacher)hellipthe Course of study contents have changed and were reduced The teachers have less material to cover but they arenrsquot sure how to deal with the changes They have become rudderless shifting from one direction to another They are under pressure to raise studentrsquos academic abilities which creates work and pressure (Mr Sekine 9 th grade teacher)
Japanese Culture
The role of the family in education of children is vital
The culture promoted within school focus on Cooperation Relationships Responsibility Following set rules and routines Values Punctuality Stewardship Loyalty Leadership amp subordinate roles
Place a high value on economic success
Confucius had a great impact on education in Japan
School Finance
National Government bears one third to one half of the cost of education
47 of the GNP is allocated to education
Schools across the nation are viewed as equal There is little variation in quality of the school due to area socio-economic factors
Challenges to Higher Education
bull Japan has already begun to experience a population decline with the result that many universities are already having difficulty maintaining their student populations although entry into top ranks of the universities remains hugely competitive
bull The emerging and foreseeable trend is that many universities will have to try to attract large numbers of foreigners or diversify or face closure It is also now said that a university education in Japan is within easier reach of students today but that quality of that higher education is now question despite the many educational reforms that have been set in motion
Higher Education in Japan
Japan is the worldrsquos largest source of study abroad students Both younger and older students (ages 12 ndash 50+) Economic downturn and need for life long learning Growing dissatisfaction with challenges and outcomes of higher educaton Very little guidance in courses or career paths
There is a push to increase the number of foreign exchange students
to aide in the development of Japan and international relations
The number grew from 10000 in 1983 to 64000 in 2000
Rapid decline in birthrate has higher education scrambling for ways to fill future seats and find financial security
Focus of Educational Reformbull Emphasis on Individuality - this is significantly
different from the current system that emphasizes harmony and uniformity They will focus on creativity and have more hands-on activities for children
bull Emphasis on Life Long Learning - this will bring about change in the current system from rote memorization to learning how to learn and higher level thinking
bull Emphasis on preparing students who can plan and cope with change and succeed in the information age and global society - there is political pressure for students to acquire the skills to compete internationally There is a move to provide students with comprehensive international learning to help students understand other cultures history and values
Thank you very much
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
-
Japanese Culture
The role of the family in education of children is vital
The culture promoted within school focus on Cooperation Relationships Responsibility Following set rules and routines Values Punctuality Stewardship Loyalty Leadership amp subordinate roles
Place a high value on economic success
Confucius had a great impact on education in Japan
School Finance
National Government bears one third to one half of the cost of education
47 of the GNP is allocated to education
Schools across the nation are viewed as equal There is little variation in quality of the school due to area socio-economic factors
Challenges to Higher Education
bull Japan has already begun to experience a population decline with the result that many universities are already having difficulty maintaining their student populations although entry into top ranks of the universities remains hugely competitive
bull The emerging and foreseeable trend is that many universities will have to try to attract large numbers of foreigners or diversify or face closure It is also now said that a university education in Japan is within easier reach of students today but that quality of that higher education is now question despite the many educational reforms that have been set in motion
Higher Education in Japan
Japan is the worldrsquos largest source of study abroad students Both younger and older students (ages 12 ndash 50+) Economic downturn and need for life long learning Growing dissatisfaction with challenges and outcomes of higher educaton Very little guidance in courses or career paths
There is a push to increase the number of foreign exchange students
to aide in the development of Japan and international relations
The number grew from 10000 in 1983 to 64000 in 2000
Rapid decline in birthrate has higher education scrambling for ways to fill future seats and find financial security
Focus of Educational Reformbull Emphasis on Individuality - this is significantly
different from the current system that emphasizes harmony and uniformity They will focus on creativity and have more hands-on activities for children
bull Emphasis on Life Long Learning - this will bring about change in the current system from rote memorization to learning how to learn and higher level thinking
bull Emphasis on preparing students who can plan and cope with change and succeed in the information age and global society - there is political pressure for students to acquire the skills to compete internationally There is a move to provide students with comprehensive international learning to help students understand other cultures history and values
Thank you very much
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
-
School Finance
National Government bears one third to one half of the cost of education
47 of the GNP is allocated to education
Schools across the nation are viewed as equal There is little variation in quality of the school due to area socio-economic factors
Challenges to Higher Education
bull Japan has already begun to experience a population decline with the result that many universities are already having difficulty maintaining their student populations although entry into top ranks of the universities remains hugely competitive
bull The emerging and foreseeable trend is that many universities will have to try to attract large numbers of foreigners or diversify or face closure It is also now said that a university education in Japan is within easier reach of students today but that quality of that higher education is now question despite the many educational reforms that have been set in motion
Higher Education in Japan
Japan is the worldrsquos largest source of study abroad students Both younger and older students (ages 12 ndash 50+) Economic downturn and need for life long learning Growing dissatisfaction with challenges and outcomes of higher educaton Very little guidance in courses or career paths
There is a push to increase the number of foreign exchange students
to aide in the development of Japan and international relations
The number grew from 10000 in 1983 to 64000 in 2000
Rapid decline in birthrate has higher education scrambling for ways to fill future seats and find financial security
Focus of Educational Reformbull Emphasis on Individuality - this is significantly
different from the current system that emphasizes harmony and uniformity They will focus on creativity and have more hands-on activities for children
bull Emphasis on Life Long Learning - this will bring about change in the current system from rote memorization to learning how to learn and higher level thinking
bull Emphasis on preparing students who can plan and cope with change and succeed in the information age and global society - there is political pressure for students to acquire the skills to compete internationally There is a move to provide students with comprehensive international learning to help students understand other cultures history and values
Thank you very much
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
-
Challenges to Higher Education
bull Japan has already begun to experience a population decline with the result that many universities are already having difficulty maintaining their student populations although entry into top ranks of the universities remains hugely competitive
bull The emerging and foreseeable trend is that many universities will have to try to attract large numbers of foreigners or diversify or face closure It is also now said that a university education in Japan is within easier reach of students today but that quality of that higher education is now question despite the many educational reforms that have been set in motion
Higher Education in Japan
Japan is the worldrsquos largest source of study abroad students Both younger and older students (ages 12 ndash 50+) Economic downturn and need for life long learning Growing dissatisfaction with challenges and outcomes of higher educaton Very little guidance in courses or career paths
There is a push to increase the number of foreign exchange students
to aide in the development of Japan and international relations
The number grew from 10000 in 1983 to 64000 in 2000
Rapid decline in birthrate has higher education scrambling for ways to fill future seats and find financial security
Focus of Educational Reformbull Emphasis on Individuality - this is significantly
different from the current system that emphasizes harmony and uniformity They will focus on creativity and have more hands-on activities for children
bull Emphasis on Life Long Learning - this will bring about change in the current system from rote memorization to learning how to learn and higher level thinking
bull Emphasis on preparing students who can plan and cope with change and succeed in the information age and global society - there is political pressure for students to acquire the skills to compete internationally There is a move to provide students with comprehensive international learning to help students understand other cultures history and values
Thank you very much
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
-
Higher Education in Japan
Japan is the worldrsquos largest source of study abroad students Both younger and older students (ages 12 ndash 50+) Economic downturn and need for life long learning Growing dissatisfaction with challenges and outcomes of higher educaton Very little guidance in courses or career paths
There is a push to increase the number of foreign exchange students
to aide in the development of Japan and international relations
The number grew from 10000 in 1983 to 64000 in 2000
Rapid decline in birthrate has higher education scrambling for ways to fill future seats and find financial security
Focus of Educational Reformbull Emphasis on Individuality - this is significantly
different from the current system that emphasizes harmony and uniformity They will focus on creativity and have more hands-on activities for children
bull Emphasis on Life Long Learning - this will bring about change in the current system from rote memorization to learning how to learn and higher level thinking
bull Emphasis on preparing students who can plan and cope with change and succeed in the information age and global society - there is political pressure for students to acquire the skills to compete internationally There is a move to provide students with comprehensive international learning to help students understand other cultures history and values
Thank you very much
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
-
Focus of Educational Reformbull Emphasis on Individuality - this is significantly
different from the current system that emphasizes harmony and uniformity They will focus on creativity and have more hands-on activities for children
bull Emphasis on Life Long Learning - this will bring about change in the current system from rote memorization to learning how to learn and higher level thinking
bull Emphasis on preparing students who can plan and cope with change and succeed in the information age and global society - there is political pressure for students to acquire the skills to compete internationally There is a move to provide students with comprehensive international learning to help students understand other cultures history and values
Thank you very much
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
-
Thank you very much
- Slide 1
- Slide 2
- Slide 3
- Slide 4
- Slide 5
- Slide 6
- Slide 7
- Slide 8
- Slide 9
- Slide 10
- Slide 11
- Slide 12
- Slide 13
- Slide 14
- Slide 15
- Slide 16
- Slide 17
- Slide 18
- Slide 19
- Slide 20
- Slide 21
- Slide 22
- Slide 23
- Slide 24
- Slide 25
- Slide 26
- Slide 27
- Slide 28
- Slide 29
-