system - simple living. creative learning · pdf file · 2017-09-25... our bodies...
TRANSCRIPT
Human Body
Lungs and Respiratory
System
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Respiratory System
To live, our bodies need oxygen and our respiratory system helps us bring oxygen into our bodies. It also removes a waste gas called carbon dioxide. Your diaphragm tightens and pulls down at the same time as your rib muscles tighten and pull your ribcage upwards. This causes your chest to get larger and allows your lungs to draw in air through your mouth and nose. Then your diaphragm and rib muscles relax, and your lungs are squeezed. This pushes the air in your lungs out through your mouth and nose. The brain stem at the base of your brain controls your breathing rate. When you’re the amount of carbon dioxide in your blood increases, your breathing rate goes up to allow more oxygen to be supplied to your body.
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Respiratory System
What does the respiratory system do?___ ____________________________ ____________________________.
What controls your breathing rate? ________________ ________________________________________ ________________________________________.
Research the Heimlich Maneuver and find out how it works? ________________________________________ ________________________________________ ________________________________________ ________________________________________
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Lungs
In your chest, you have two lungs that are each about the size of a football. They are protected by your ribs. Their job is to bring oxygen into your blood and the carbon dioxide out. The air you breathe in goes through your trachea, otherwise known as you windpipe. This tube connects your upper respiratory system to your lungs. Your trachea is made of rings of hard cartilage tissue. It has a flap of skin called the epiglottis attached to it which closes when you eat or drink. This stops the food or drink from entering into your lungs. The trachea then branches into two tubes called the bronchi. These bronchi then branch further into smaller tubes called the bronchioles. At the end of these bronchioles are millions of little air bags called alveoli. These alveoli swap oxygen for carbon dioxide.
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Lungs
What protects your lungs?___________ ____________________________ ____________________________.
What stops food or drink entering into your lungs? _____ ________________________________________ ________________________________________.
Where are the lungs situated and how big are they?_____ ________________________________________ ________________________________________ ________________________________________
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Lungs
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Label the lungs.
trachea bronchi bronchioles bronchial tubes
Lungs - Answers
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Label the lungs.
trachea bronchi bronchioles bronchial tubes
trachea
bronchi
bronchioles
bronchial tubes
Air
What do you think air is? _________________________ ___________________________________________ ___________________________________________ ___________________________________________
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Does it / Is it: • a mixture of gases that surround your planet?________
• contain more oxygen than any other gas? __________
• contain 4 different gases that your body uses? ______
• about 78% nitrogen? ______________________
• full of carbon dioxide? ______________________
Air - Answers
What do you think air is? _________________________ ___________________________________________ ___________________________________________ ___________________________________________
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Does it / Is it: • a mixture of gases that surround your planet? YES
• contain more oxygen than any other gas? NO
• contain 4 different gases that your body uses? NO
• about 78% nitrogen? YES
• full of carbon dioxide? NO
Air
With so many people living in the world today, have you ever wondered why our oxygen supply doesn’t run out? __________ Plants use carbon dioxide and sunlight to make food. This process is called photosynthesis. During this time, plants also release oxygen for us. What would happen if there were no plants? _____________ ___________________________________________ ___________________________________________ ___________________________________________ ___________________________________________ Research photosynthesis and write a report or project on how it works and why it is so important.
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Sneezing
When something itchy gets into your nose, your body cleans it out with a big blast of air. This blast of air is called a sneeze. How does a sneeze happen? After taking a breath, your eyes close, your rib muscles tighten and a blast of air coms out of your mouth, often accompanied with a brief scream. Your tongue rises to help direct the air into your nose, but most of it often comes out of your mouth. A sneeze is one way your body clears out germs in your nose, but you must make sure to cover your mouth so you don’t pass these germs onto someone else.
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Healthy Processes Sneezing is just one of the processes that keep us healthy. Below are some others. Research them and find out how they help us. Hiccups: ___________________________________ __________________________________________ __________________________________________ __________________________________________ Yawning: ___________________________________ __________________________________________ __________________________________________ __________________________________________
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Healthy Processes
Laughing: ___________________________________
__________________________________________
__________________________________________
__________________________________________
Snoring: ___________________________________
__________________________________________ __________________________________________ __________________________________________
Coughing: ___________________________________
__________________________________________ __________________________________________ __________________________________________
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Sounds
Your brain sends instructions to your respiratory system which produces sounds that can be understood by those around you. When you speak, your brain sends signals to your voice box muscles, or larynx, telling them to pull the vocal cords together. When the air pushes through these tight muscles, they vibrate and create sounds. Men have deeper voices than women because their vocal cords are longer and they vibrate more slowly. Look up these words in the dictionary and write their meaning. inhale: _____________________________________ exhale: _____________________________________ vibrate: ____________________________________ sound: _____________________________________
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