systems analysis form 4 included in this topic: information systems systems analysts system life...
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SYSTEMS ANALYSISFORM 4
Included in this topic:
• Information Systems
• Systems Analysts
• System Life Cycle (incl. Case Study)
• Documentation
SYSTEMS ANALYSIS(Form 4)
INFORMATION SYSTEMS
SYSTEMS ANALYSIS(Form 4)
Information Systems are made up of two opposing worlds of :
INFORMATION SYSTEMS
HUMAN ACTIVITY Systems
Information Technology
AND
Combination of resources
SYSTEMS ANALYSIS(Form 4)
THE SYSTEMS ANALYST
Job description
A systems analyst designs new IT solutions to improvebusiness efficiency and productivity.
A systems analyst can also design improvements for existing systems.
The work might be for an external client or an internal-client (such as a department within the same organization).
http://www.prospects.ac.uk
SYSTEMS ANALYSIS(Form 4)
SYSTEMS LIFE CYCLE
All things have a :
BEGINNING
MIDDLE
END
SYSTEMS ANALYSIS(Form 4)
SYSTEMS LIFE CYCLE
• A new system was introduced and everyone was happy
SYSTEMS ANALYSIS(Form 4)
SYSTEMS LIFE CYCLE
Time passed, people moved on, thecompany changed, and the wonderfulsystem started to show its age.
SYSTEMS ANALYSIS(Form 4)
SYSTEMS LIFE CYCLE
It is difficult to integrate our old systemwith new systems on the market.
SYSTEMS ANALYSIS(Form 4)
SYSTEMS LIFE CYCLE
Online stock verification for our customers is not possible withour system.
SYSTEMS ANALYSIS(Form 4)
SYSTEMS LIFE CYCLE
SYSTEMS ANALYSIS(Form 4)
SYSTEMS LIFE CYCLE
Project selection and feasibility study.
Evaluating a proposalEvaluating a proposal
Studying the costStudying the cost
Are we going to be more effective?Are we going to be more effective?
Are we going to be more efficient?Are we going to be more efficient?
Is it solvable?Is it solvable?
SYSTEMS ANALYSIS(Form 4)
SYSTEMS LIFE CYCLE
Management no agreement.The project can also be halted before it has even started.
TIME, EFFORT AND MONEY ARE SAVED
Project selection and feasibility study.
SYSTEMS ANALYSIS(Form 4)
SYSTEMS LIFE CYCLE
Present system study and analysis.
We are going ahead with the project.We are going ahead with the project.
Analyse current proceduresAnalyse current procedures
How can we improve them?How can we improve them?
How can we save time?How can we save time?
Analyse the new requests by the user?Analyse the new requests by the user?
GET FEEDBACK
GET FEEDBACK
SYSTEMS ANALYSIS(Form 4)
SYSTEMS LIFE CYCLE
Present system study and analysis.
Are we ready for the design stage?
SYSTEMS ANALYSIS(Form 4)
SYSTEMS LIFE CYCLE
Design of the new computerised system
What output is required?What output is required?
What input is needed?What input is needed?
INPUT PROCESSING OUTPUTINPUT PROCESSING OUTPUT
Data files & Data access methodsData files & Data access methods
PROTOTYPINGPROTOTYPING
What are PROTOTYPES?
What are PROTOTYPES?
SYSTEMS ANALYSIS(Form 4)
SYSTEMS LIFE CYCLE
Design of the new computerised system
The use of flowcharts
SYSTEMS ANALYSIS(Form 4)
SYSTEMS LIFE CYCLE
Design of the new computerised system
Pseudocode
SYSTEMS ANALYSIS(Form 4)
SYSTEMS LIFE CYCLE
Programming and documentation
FLOWCHARTS
PSEUDOCODE
SOURCE CODE(ACTUAL PROGRAMS)
SYSTEMS ANALYSIS(Form 4)
SYSTEMS LIFE CYCLE
Programming and documentation
SYSTEMS ANALYSIS(Form 4)
SYSTEMS LIFE CYCLE
Programming and documentation
What about program testing?What about program testing?
EXPECTED RESULT=≠ ACTUAL OUTPUT
SYSTEMS ANALYSIS(Form 4)
SYSTEMS LIFE CYCLE
Programming and documentation
What do we need to document?What do we need to document?
USER MANUALS
TECHNICAL MANUALS
PROGRAM MANUALS
SYSTEMS ANALYSIS(Form 4)
SYSTEMS LIFE CYCLE
Programming and documentation
USER MANUALS
Help to the end-userHelp to the end-user
Printed or onlinePrinted or online
How to use the program/systemHow to use the program/system
How to log in?How to print?How to input data?
How to log in?How to print?How to input data?
SYSTEMS ANALYSIS(Form 4)
SYSTEMS LIFE CYCLE
Programming and documentation
TECHNICAL MANUALS
Help to the techniciansHelp to the technicians
Installation processInstallation process
System requirementsSystem requirements
Other technical informationOther technical information
SYSTEMS ANALYSIS(Form 4)
SYSTEMS LIFE CYCLE
Programming and documentation
PROGRAM MANUALS
Help to the programmerHelp to the programmer
Modify/maintain the systemModify/maintain the system
Future upgrades/maintenance…Future upgrades/maintenance…
SYSTEMS ANALYSIS(Form 4)
SYSTEMS LIFE CYCLE
Programming and documentation
PROGRAM MANUALS
Flowcharts&
pseudocode
Includes :
Source code
Test DataModifications
SYSTEMS ANALYSIS(Form 4)
SYSTEMS LIFE CYCLE
Implementation and changeover methods
Where are we going to install the system?Where are we going to install the system?
Do we have all the necessary equipment in place?Do we have all the necessary equipment in place?
SOFTWARE HARDWARE
SYSTEMS ANALYSIS(Form 4)
SYSTEMS LIFE CYCLEImplementation and changeover methods
What about Staff training?What about Staff training?
All controls must beWorking!!
All pieces are working properly together!!
SYSTEMS ANALYSIS(Form 4)
SYSTEMS LIFE CYCLEImplementation and changeover methods
NEW SYSTEM
OLD SYSTEM
Transformation from the old system to the new system
Changeover methodsChangeover methods
SYSTEMS ANALYSIS(Form 4)
SYSTEMS LIFE CYCLEImplementation and changeover methods
StraightCrossover
X
SYSTEMS ANALYSIS(Form 4)
ParallelRunning
SYSTEMS LIFE CYCLEImplementation and changeover methods
Both areWorking together
For a period of time
Manual/Old System
New System
SYSTEMS ANALYSIS(Form 4)
SYSTEMS LIFE CYCLEImplementation and changeover methods
Phased Changeover
Certain parts of the old system are upgraded gradually. Thenanother part follows. This changeover takes a long time to be completed.
Old System – Part 1
New System – Part 1
Old System – Part 2
New System – Part 2
……
SYSTEMS ANALYSIS(Form 4)
SYSTEMS LIFE CYCLEImplementation and changeover methods
Pilot Run
It is a test project!!
During a pilot project do as many critical work as possible.
Why?
Manual/Old System
Run the Pilot Project Run the New System
SYSTEMS ANALYSIS(Form 4)
SYSTEMS LIFE CYCLE
Control and Review
Control and monitor the systemControl and monitor the system
Check and regulate if necessaryCheck and regulate if necessary
Check standardsCheck standards
Check performanceCheck performance
Take corrective action when necessaryTake corrective action when necessary
SYSTEMS ANALYSIS(Form 4)
Don’ts Dos
SYSTEMS LIFE CYCLEControl and Review
SYSTEMS ANALYSIS(Form 4)
SYSTEMS LIFE CYCLE
Maintenance
The system is operating in a live environmentThe system is operating in a live environment
Maintenance agreement
• Troubleshooting
• Updating
• Upgrading
• Redesigning
Maintenance agreement
• Troubleshooting
• Updating
• Upgrading
• Redesigning
SYSTEMS ANALYSIS(Form 4)
SYSTEMS LIFE CYCLE
1. Project selection and feasibility study.
2. Present system study and analysis.
3. Design of new computerised system.
4. Programming and documentation.
5. Implementation and changeover methods
6. Control and review
7. System maintenance.
SYSTEMS ANALYSIS(Form 4)