tailoring properties of parts - imtex · 2/20/2019 copyright : imaginarium india pvt. ltd ,2019...

2/20/2019 Copyright : Imaginarium India Pvt. Ltd ,2019 Visit us at Hall 6 ,

D101

Guruprasad.K.RaoDirector & Mentor

Tailoring Properties of Parts made by Additive Manufacturing

BIEC Bengaluru 28 January 2019

2/20/2019 Copyright : Imaginarium India Pvt. Ltd ,2019


Additive manufacturing, where material is

deposited and bonded layer by layer

sequentially, is by its very nature a good

match for the manufacture of components

with changes in property built-in.


Functionally graded materials

are ubiquitous in nature


Skin Structure

Dental Crown

Bamboo Tree

Bone Structure

Dinosaur Bone

Structure


Composite▪ Sharp interface,

▪ Risk of delaminating,

▪ Weakness and strength everywhere.

FGM

▪ Smooth transition, very good bond,

▪ Volume properties distribution,

▪ Specific material adaptation.

The whole part is a bit ductile and a bit hard, homogenously.

This region is largely hard

This region is largely ductile


FGM types.

Based on Phases Based on ApplicationsBased on Gradient

Ceramic/Metal, Ceramic/Ceramic, Metal/Metal, Ceramic/Plastic. Composition, Optical, Fine, etc.

Aerospace, Defense, Automotive, Molding, Mining, etc.

Properties of FGM’s can be described by the function f(x).

Fig. 3. Structure: (a.) Homogenous Materials, (b.) Junction Type, (c.) FGM’s.


Chemical CompositionGradient

MicrostructureGradient

PorosityGradient

▪ Composition of material is varied from one material into the other.

▪ Different phases that are produced depends on the compositional

quantity and reinforcing material.

▪ Porosity is made to change with spatial position in the bulk

material.

▪ Pore size gradation can be achieved by varying the powder particle sizes.

▪ Surface of the material isquenched, during solidification

process.

▪ Core of the same material is allowed to cool slowly to produce

different microstructures

Flow of

liquidmetal

Flow of

cooling water


Potential material composition/ property transitions

Douglas C. Hofmann et al https://doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2014.208

https://www.cambridge.org/core/search?filters%5bauthorTerms%5d=Douglas%20C.%20Hofmann&eventCode=SE-AU

https://doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2014.208


Ref : Scott M. Thompson,

[email protected]


Secondary electron SEM image of a graded lattice. Numbers

1– 3 correspond to the smallest to the largest strut thickness


Post-processing using ultrafast pulsed lasers to improve the

surface finish of 3D-printed parts originally created with LAM.


Co-29Cr-6Mo alloy femoral knee implant

fabricated by EBM.


PROCESSING ROUTES FOR FGM.PROCESSING TECHNIQUES OF THIN FGM

Physical Vapor Deposition (PVD) and Chemical Vapor

Deposition (CVD) .

Plasma Spraying

Self-propagating High temperature synthesis (SHS). Ion Beam Assisted Deposition


PROCESSING ROUTES FOR FGM.

PROCESSING TECHNIQUES OF THICK FGM

Centrifugal Casting.

Solid Freeform Fabrication (SFF). Laser Metal Deposition (LMD).

Thermal Spraying.


APPLICATIONS.

POWER GENERATION

Steam Turbine Section.

Steam Valves.

Preferable FGM.


APPLICATIONS.AEROSPACE

FGM’s for Turbine Blade Manufacturing.


APPLICATIONS.BIOMEDICAL

Functionally graded implant in orthopedics.


APPLICATIONS

MINING

Ductile and sufficiently deformation resistance towards high loading

Very hard surface with high ceramic content in ductile matrix.

METAL WC


Driving Benefits.

Existing Component.


Thanks!

[email protected] / 9930069776

tailoring properties of parts - imtex · 2/20/2019 copyright : imaginarium india pvt. ltd ,2019...

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