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TAMPERE UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY Faculty of built environment, Department of structural engineering
Research Centre of Metal Structures, Seinäjoki, Hämeenlinna, Finland
17.04.2012 STIFF, London, Markku Heinisuo 1
Tampere University of Technology, Finland Research Centre of Metal Structures
Hämeenlinna
Tampere
Seinäjoki
TAMPERE UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY Faculty of built environment, Department of structural engineering
Research Centre of Metal Structures, Seinäjoki, Hämeenlinna, Finland
17.04.2012 STIFF, London, Markku Heinisuo 2
3D applications of component method for end plate joints Markku Heinisuo, Henri Perttola, Hilkka Ronni
Idea: Very generic method of Eurocode 3 to design of joints, component method, extended to design of joints in 3D loads.
Papers: Heinisuo M., Laine V., Lehtimäki E., Enlargement of the component method into 3D. Proceedings of Nordic Steel
Construction Conference, Luleå Unversity of Technology, SBI, Publication 181, Malmö, Sweden, September 2-4, 2009, pp. 430-437.
Perttola H., Heinisuo M.: 3D component method for base bolt joint. in: Yardimci N., Aydöner A., Gures H., Yorgun C. (Eds.), Steel Structures: Culture & Sustainability, Turkish Constructional Steelwork Association (TUSCA), Istanbul, 2010, pp. 361-368.
Perttola H., Ronni H., Heinisuo M., 3D component method for steel joint design, XII International Conference on „Metal Structures” Wroclaw, Poland, 15th‐17th June 2011.
Heinisuo M., Ronni H., Perttola H., Experimental study of end plate joints of tubular structures in biaxial bending and component method applications, Eurosteel conference, Budabest, 1-2 September, 2011.
Heinisuo M., Laasonen M., Ronni H., Anttila T.: Integration of joint design of steel structures using product model. In: Walid T., (Ed.), Proceedings of The International Conference: Computing in Civil and Building Engineering, Nottingham University Press, Nottingham, 2010, pp. 323-324.
Heinisuo M., Laasonen M., Haapio J., BIM based manufacturing cost estimation of building products, In: Menzel K., Scherer R. (Eds.), eWork and eBusiness in Architecture, Engineering and Construction, ECPPM, CRC Press/Balkema, London, 2010, pp. 53-59.
Test reports see: www.metallirakentaminen.fi
TAMPERE UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY Faculty of built environment, Department of structural engineering
Research Centre of Metal Structures, Seinäjoki, Hämeenlinna, Finland
17.04.2012 STIFF, London, Markku Heinisuo 3
3D applications of component method for end plate joints
We try to manage with the components of Eurocodes as far as possible. Propose more components, if needed. Compression, corner bolts, so far.
TAMPERE UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY Faculty of built environment, Department of structural engineering
Research Centre of Metal Structures, Seinäjoki, Hämeenlinna, Finland
17.04.2012 STIFF, London, Markku Heinisuo 4
3D applications of component method for end plate joints
Verification: Tests (own and others) and continuum FEM (ABAQUS)
Example 1: Base bolt joint. Strategy of the solution: Test results for strong axis bending are available, Laplume et al. 2000. HEA200 column with four base bolts. FEM model constructed so that corresponds to tests well. The same FEM model used for other axis bending. Results compared to rake model results.
TAMPERE UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY Faculty of built environment, Department of structural engineering
Research Centre of Metal Structures, Seinäjoki, Hämeenlinna, Finland
17.04.2012 STIFF, London, Markku Heinisuo 5
3D applications of component method for end plate joints
Example 1: How to calculate displacements from the continuum FEM? Strategy: Our component model is located at the top surface of the base plate. At the shear
center of the joined member. Calculate axial displacement distribution u(s) by FEM. We want to fit these to the member end displacements (*), which are calculated
using Vlasov’s theory.
TAMPERE UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY Faculty of built environment, Department of structural engineering
Research Centre of Metal Structures, Seinäjoki, Hämeenlinna, Finland
17.04.2012 STIFF, London, Markku Heinisuo 6
3D applications of component method for end plate joints
Example 1: How to calculate displacements from the continuum FEM? Strategy continues: We use L2-norm as Gunnlaughsson and Pedersen, 1982. We end up to the generalized joint displacements. Integration over the cross-section of the member end.
( ) ( )[ ]∫ =−A
* mindAsusu 2
TAMPERE UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY Faculty of built environment, Department of structural engineering
Research Centre of Metal Structures, Seinäjoki, Hämeenlinna, Finland
17.04.2012 STIFF, London, Markku Heinisuo 7
3D applications of component method for end plate joints
Example 1: Results
TAMPERE UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY Faculty of built environment, Department of structural engineering
Research Centre of Metal Structures, Seinäjoki, Hämeenlinna, Finland
17.04.2012 STIFF, London, Markku Heinisuo 8
3D applications of component method for end plate joints
Example 1: Results
TAMPERE UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY Faculty of built environment, Department of structural engineering
Research Centre of Metal Structures, Seinäjoki, Hämeenlinna, Finland
17.04.2012 STIFF, London, Markku Heinisuo 9
3D applications of component method for end plate joints
Example 1: Base bolt joint, number of potential compression components => 3 is enough
TAMPERE UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY Faculty of built environment, Department of structural engineering
Research Centre of Metal Structures, Seinäjoki, Hämeenlinna, Finland
17.04.2012 STIFF, London, Markku Heinisuo 10
3D applications of component method for end plate joints
Example 2: Beam to column end plate joint. Strategies as before Test results for strong axis bending in fire are available, Al-Jabri, 1999.
TAMPERE UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY Faculty of built environment, Department of structural engineering
Research Centre of Metal Structures, Seinäjoki, Hämeenlinna, Finland
17.04.2012 STIFF, London, Markku Heinisuo 11
3D applications of component method for end plate joints
Example 2: Beam to column end plate joint. FEM Test of Al Jabri
TAMPERE UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY Faculty of built environment, Department of structural engineering
Research Centre of Metal Structures, Seinäjoki, Hämeenlinna, Finland
17.04.2012 STIFF, London, Markku Heinisuo 12
3D applications of component method for end plate joints
Example 2: Active components in weak axis bending
TAMPERE UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY Faculty of built environment, Department of structural engineering
Research Centre of Metal Structures, Seinäjoki, Hämeenlinna, Finland
17.04.2012 STIFF, London, Markku Heinisuo 13
3D applications of component method for end plate joints
Example 2: Weak axis bending in ambient conditions
TAMPERE UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY Faculty of built environment, Department of structural engineering
Research Centre of Metal Structures, Seinäjoki, Hämeenlinna, Finland
17.04.2012 STIFF, London, Markku Heinisuo 14
3D applications of component method for end plate joints
Example 3: Splice joint of tubular members in bi-axial bending
TAMPERE UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY Faculty of built environment, Department of structural engineering
Research Centre of Metal Structures, Seinäjoki, Hämeenlinna, Finland
17.04.2012 STIFF, London, Markku Heinisuo 15
3D applications of component method for end plate joints
Example 3: Corner bolt mechanisms not available in Eurocodes. We used the following.
30°
Wald et al, 2000without prying
Laine, 2008without prying without prying
Mechanism 9Mechanism 8 Mechanism 10
Mechanism 10
with pryingWheleer et al, 1997
Mechanism 8
with prying
30°
with prying
Mechanism 9
x
=
= =
= =
=
.
e
e
m
m
b
B
p r
12
75°
TAMPERE UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY Faculty of built environment, Department of structural engineering
Research Centre of Metal Structures, Seinäjoki, Hämeenlinna, Finland
17.04.2012 STIFF, London, Markku Heinisuo 16
3D applications of component method for end plate joints
Example 3: Test from Australia and own tests. Own tests: 21 for steel and 8 for aluminum in ambient and 2 for steel in fire. Ambient Fire
TAMPERE UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY Faculty of built environment, Department of structural engineering
Research Centre of Metal Structures, Seinäjoki, Hämeenlinna, Finland
17.04.2012 STIFF, London, Markku Heinisuo 17
3D applications of component method for end plate joints
Example 3: Own tests.
TAMPERE UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY Faculty of built environment, Department of structural engineering
Research Centre of Metal Structures, Seinäjoki, Hämeenlinna, Finland
17.04.2012 STIFF, London, Markku Heinisuo 18
-50
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
10
20
30
40
50
-50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50
Splice A
TE1
TE7
My [kNm]
Mx [kNm]
Method 1 Method 2
M35°
M0°
-100
-80
-60
-40
-20
0
20
40
60
80
100
-100 -80 -60 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100
Splice B
TE2
Method 1Method 2
Method 1
M35°
My [kNm]
Mx [kNm]
-100
-80
-60
-40
-20
0
20
40
60
80
100
-100 -80 -60 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100
Splice C
TE3
TE8
My [kNm]
Mx [kNm]
M35°
M0°
3D applications of component method for end plate joints
Example 3: Tests versus rake model in ambient conditions.
TAMPERE UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY Faculty of built environment, Department of structural engineering
Research Centre of Metal Structures, Seinäjoki, Hämeenlinna, Finland
17.04.2012 STIFF, London, Markku Heinisuo 19
3D applications of component method for end plate joints
Example 3: Tests versus rake model in fire.
TAMPERE UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY Faculty of built environment, Department of structural engineering
Research Centre of Metal Structures, Seinäjoki, Hämeenlinna, Finland
17.04.2012 STIFF, London, Markku Heinisuo 20
3D applications of component method for end plate joints
Example 3: Stiffness model for corner bolts needed!
TAMPERE UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY Faculty of built environment, Department of structural engineering
Research Centre of Metal Structures, Seinäjoki, Hämeenlinna, Finland
17.04.2012 STIFF, London, Markku Heinisuo 21
3D applications of component method for end plate joints
Conclusions Locigal extension of the component model to 3D works well especially for resistances. Stiffness of corner bolts needs special attention. Compression/tension only springs => non-linear global analysis (as in 2D). Grouping of tension bolts may require extra iterations. Can be implemented into BIM using open API available in BIM programs => stiffness of joints is automatically taken into account in the global frame analysis. After that resistance checks can be automatized, too. More research needed for different members and joint layouts.