Teacher Notes This PPT was revised June 11, 2007. It is an introduction to competition,

predation and symbiosis to be used prior to Simply Symbiosis, Predator-Prey Activity, and Community Interactions.

The initial section of TEKS Simply Symbiosis has a place for brief notes on the PPT for responsive teaching.

Community Interactions

Competition PredationSymbiosis

Competition Organisms of the

same or different species attempt to use the same ecological resource (food, water, space) in the same place at the same time

Bison

E lk Herd

Moose

Competition

Two different butterfly species feeding on the same flowers

Two organisms want the same thing

Blue Butterfly

Tiger Swallowtail butterfly

Predation Interaction in which

one organism

captures and feeds on another organism

predator

prey

Falcon

Ground Squirrel

Predation

Grizzlies prey upon salmon

Grizzly Bear

Predation

Rabbit and Coyote

rabbitcoyote

Arctic Hare

Coyote What’s happening in this graph?

Ultimate Predator? Why is man

sometimes called the “Ultimate Predator”?

TRY THIS!

Follow teacher instructions.

Vocabulary Term Personal Association

Definition Non-Example

Symbiosis

Any relationship in which two species live closely together is called symbiosis (“living together”)

MutualismCommensalismParasitism

Mutualism

Both organisms benefit

Examples: Flowers and insects Ants and aphids

Bee on Purple Flower

Ant and Aphid

Mutualism Lichen

Algae and fungus living together

Lichen

Commensalism One member of the

association benefits and the other is neither helped nor harmed.

Examples:

Spanish mossSpanish Moss

Commensalism Whales &

Barnacles (and lice)

Barnacles on Whale

Whale Barnacles

Commensalism

Epiphytes

“air plants”

EpiphyteEpiphyte in Tree

Parasitism

One benefits; one harmed

Examples: tapeworms inside mammals; fleas, ticks, and lice on mammals

Female Head Lice

Parasitism

Ticks

The parasite obtains all or part of its nutritional needs from the other organism, the host.

Blacklegged Tick: An adult female blacklegged tick, engorged after a

blood meal, rests on a leaf.

BeforeAfter

Black Legged Tick

Parasitism

Mistletoe

More than just a “kissing catalyst”

Mistletoe

Symbolizing Symbiosis Can you identify the interactions?

YX - / - YX + / +

YX + / - YX + / 0

competition

commensalismparasitism(predation)

mutualismhelpedharmedunaffected

TRY THIS!

On your notebook paper create a concept map. Include terms of symbiosis, definitions and examples.

Works Cited

Whale barnacles - Christopher M. Callahan, Humboldt State University http://www.humboldt.edu/~cmc43/ectoparasites.html

Barnacles on Whale – Baja Jones Adventure Travel http://www.greywhale.com/photo.htm

Grizzly Bear – Mineral Management courtesy of GeekPhilosopher.com http://geekphilosopher.com/bkg/anGrizzlyBearFish.htm

Female Head Louse – Center for Disease Control and Prevention. http://www.dpd.cdc.gov/dpdx/HTML/HeadLice.asp?body=Frames/G-L/HeadLice/body_HeadLice_diag1.htm

Works Cited

Lichen - Sharnoff, Stephen & Sylvia. (No Date). The Lichen Photo Gallery. Retrieved May 25, 2005 from the World Wide Web: http://www.lichen.com/portraits.html

Used by permission. Artic Hare – U.S. Fish & Wildlife courtesy of

GeekPhilosopher.com http://geekphilosopher.com/bkg/anArcticHare.htm

Coyote – National Park Service courtesy of GeekPhilosopher.com http://geekphilosopher.com/bkg/anCoyote.htm

Ground Squirrel – U.S. Fish & Wildlife courtesy of GeekPhilosopher.com http://geekphilosopher.com/bkg/anGroundSquirell.htm

Works Cited

Falcon – Bureau of Land Management courtesy of GeekPhilosopher.com http://geekphilosopher.com/bkg/birdFalcon.htm

Tiger Swallowtail Butterfly - Bureau of Land Management courtesy of GeekPhilosopher.com http://geekphilosopher.com/bkg/butterflyTigerSwallowtail.htm

Karner Blue Butterfly - U.S. Fish & Wildlife courtesy of GeekPhilosopher.com http://geekphilosopher.com/bkg/butterflyKarnerBlue.htm

Works Cited

Elk Herd. Bureau of Land Management courtesy of GeekPhilosopher.com http://geekphilosopher.com/bkg/anElkHerd.htm

Moose. EPA courtesy of GeekPhilosopher.com http://geekphilosopher.com/bkg/anMoose.htm

Bison. USDA courtesy of GeekPhilosopher.com http://geekphilosopher.com/bkg/anBuffalo4.htm

Bee on Purple Flower. BigFoto.com http://www.bigfoto.com/themes/nature/flowers/flower-bee-8j6.jpg

Ant and Aphid. John Walker, used by permission, July 6,2003, Animal Magnetism, Retrieved June,12. 2007 from the World Wide Web http://www.fourmilab.ch/images/animal_magnetism/fourmis_pucerons.html

Works Cited

Spanish Moss . J.S. Peterson @ USDA-NRCS PLANTS Database, USDA-NRCS. 2005. The PLANTS Database (http://plants.usda.gov). National Plant Data Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70874-4490 USA http://plants.usda.gov/cgi_bin/topics.cgi?earl=plant_profile.cgi&symbol=TIUS&photoID=tius_001_ahp.jpg

Black Legged Tick .Scott Bauer, USDA courtesy of Junglewalk.com. http://www.junglewalk.com/frames.asp

Mistletoe. US Forest Service http://www.fs.fed.us/r6/rogue/swofidsc/dmistletoe/dmistletoe.htm

Epiphyte in Tree , Epiphyte. Karen Shepherd. Belize trip 2006. Used by permission.l l