TEACHING STYLE

TEACHING STYLEPROF .MADYA DR. ABDULL SUKOR BIN SHARRI ARULISWARI A/P NADESON ( 818249)VASUDEVAN A/L SUBRAMANIAM ( 818260 )SAMATA MOHAMMED ALWAHAIBI ( 817615 )

NEW TREND OF MATH CLASSSo, what is the difference between these words: Method: is a procedure, technique, or way of doing something.

Teaching Method: Refers to what actual practices and procedures of teaching and learning process.

Strategy: Strategy means a method, but usually requires some sort of planning.

Style( model) :a standard or example for imitation or comparison.

WHAT IS TEACHING STYLE?According to Cook (1991), a teaching style is a loosely connected set of teaching techniques believed to share the same goals of language learning. Described the word style as referring to the element of fashion and changeability in teaching. According to Kathleen Butler (1984) Teaching Style is a set of attitudes and actions that open a formal and informal world of learning to the student.

It is the powerful force of the teacher's attitude to the student as well as the instructional activities used by the teacher and it shapes the learningteaching experience.According to Peacock (2001), the teaching styleis the way a person teaches by nature, habitual,inclination or even a custom that is used to conveyinformation and skills in the classroomAccording to Wright (1987), one teaching style involves a complex mix of beliefs, attitudes, strategies, techniques, motivation, personality and control.According to Gregorc (1979), teaching style ismore than a methodology. He added that teaching style places subjectivedemands upon the learner who may or may nothave abilities to match such demandsFelder & Henriques (1995) also stated that how much a given student learns in a class is governed in part by that students native ability and prior preparation

GRASHA (2006)

GRASHA (2006)Expert StyleFormal Authority Style Personal Model StyleFacilitator style Delegator StyleExpert StyleTeachers who have the knowledge and expertise in the subject matter.

Teachers who have this style are always encouraging their students to excel and teach in detail and depth.

Formal Authority Style Teacher of this style always gives positive or negative feedback to the students

They assume that the teaching should be done in a standard form, accurate, and school law.Personal Model StyleTeachers tend to act as a prototype to students on how to think and behave.

They tend to direct and guide the students to observe and imitate the method shown after that.Facilitator style Guides and directs students by asking questions, exploring options , and encouraging them to develop criteria to make informed choices.

Overall goal is to develop in students the capacity for independent action, initiative, and responsibility.Delegator StyleConcerned with developing students' capacity to function in an autonomous fashion.

Students work independently on projects or as part of autonomous teams.

MODEL DOHERTY (2003)

1.)Style A - Order - Teachers will make all decisions 2.)Style B - Drill - Students carry out tasks assigned by teacher 3.) Style C - Reciprocal - Students complete the task in pairs 4. )Style D - Check yourself - Students check their own performance. 5. )Style F - Inclusion - Teachers plan while students evaluate their own work

6. ) Style F - Guided Exploration - Students solve problems according to a set of guidelines given with the help of assistant teacher

7. ) Style G - Divergent - Students solve problems with the help of teachers according to a set of guidance provided.

8. ) Individual Style - Teacher makes decisions on the content, while students make decisions in planning programs

9. ) Student Initiative Style - Students plan their own program and the teacher as an advisor

10. ) Self Instructional style - Students are fully responsible for their learning process.

JARVIS(1985)

Controlled didactic style through lectures and students taking down notes.

Socratic style when teacher asks a question and students respond.

Facilitator style is when a teacher prepare the learning environment and the students themselves care responsible for their educationGeneral Teaching StyleAutocratic StyleAnautocratic teacher retains much of the power and decision-making authority in the classroom.Figure 2 is indicative of the autocratic style because it shows a teacher conducting class by providing information for the students to use in their educational process.

Figure 2: Autocratic Style of TeachingThe teacher does not consult with the students or allow them to provide input, opinions, viewpoints, desires, or needs concerning their educational experience.

The teacher relates information to the students who are expected to absorb it as best they can.Bureaucratic StyleThe bureaucratic style developed as democracy reached modern times. Abureaucraticteacher provides the educational experience by following the procedure and policy requirements mandated for teaching to the letter.

Fig. 3: A Bureaucratic-Style Teacher Performing a DemonstrationDemocratic StyleThe democratic style has developed during modern times. Ademocraticteacher leads and/or facilitates the class while allowing students to participate in making some decisions and problem solving for the classrooms needs

Results of a Discussion Led by a Democratic-Style TeacherLaissez-Faire StyleThe laissez-faire style has developed as dissatisfaction toward the other three styles emerged over time. Alaissez-faireteacher expects his or her class to meet their educational desires with little direction and only according to the classrooms needs, constraints, and educational requirements.

Onstein and Miller (1980)

Expressive Style Refers to the emotional relationship created by the teacher to the student or the class as a whole, including warmth, authority, sympathy, trust and some emotional aspects shown by the teacher. The interpersonal relationships between teachers and students is involved in this teaching style and related with attitudes toward learning. This style works to control the students, managing classroom activities as well as negative or positive feelings toward teaching. Teachers who practice this style will serve as a helpful mentor and could tolerate students.Instrumental Style The way teachers carry out the task to assist students, planning the lesson, setting up the classroom standard and ensure that students achieve the standards set.

Fischer and Fischer (1979 )

Fischer and Fischer (1979 )These teachers prescribe the materials to be learned and demand specific performance on the part of the students Learning to be accomplished may be specified on an individual basisThe Task-Oriented The Cooperative Planner These teacher plan the means and ends of instruction with student cooperation.Opinions of the learners are not only listened to, but are respected . These teachers encourage and support students participation at all levels.

The Child Centered This teacher provides a structure for students to pursue whatever they want to do or whatever interests them.This style is not only extremely rare , it is almost impossible to imagine in its pure form because the classroom, with its adult-child ratio and adult-responsible environment , automatically encourages some interests and discourages others.The Subject Centered These teachers focus on organized content to the near exclusion of the learner.By covering the subject they satisfy their consciences even if little learning takes placeThe Learner Centered These teachers have equal concern for the students and for the curricular objectives , the materials to be learned They reject the over-emphasis of both the child-Centered and subject-centered styles, and instead help students , whatever their abilities or disabilities , develop toward substantive goals as well as in their autonomy in learning.The Emotionally Exciting and Its CounterpartThese teachers show their own intensive emotional involvement in teaching . They enter the teaching-learning process with zeal and usually produce a classrooms subdued in emotional tone.Now Rest

But with Question :

What is the difference and similarity between these stylesThe differenceFischer and FischerAs a pervasive way of approaching the students that might be consistent with several methods of teaching. It was assumed that if one followed a recognized method of good teaching , all educable students would learn.Ornstein and MillerAs an expressive aspect of teaching.It focuses on emotional and personal relationship between teachers and students. It is also associated with a sense of confidence in students and understands the purpose of education in general.JarvisA simple instructional styles taxonomy focuses on how the teacher interacts with the students.Doherty It focuses on physical education . It based on the central importance of decision-making.Three aspects of teaching were examined: pre-impact (preparation stage), the impact (performance and delivery) and post-impact (evaluation and feedback).GrashaPattern of belief, knowledge, performance and behavior of teachers when they are teaching. The overall goal is to develop students ability to be self-reliance, self-supporting, initiative and responsible. Also , to shape students ability to learn autonomously. Teachers who practice this style require their students to always be prepared and emphasize the dissemination of information to the maximum. Teacher provides guidance and give direction to students to explore or observe. Teachers prefer to use a structured teaching. The similarity : Teacher-centered and Student-centered approachNow , may every one asks her/him self , what is my style?!

From Questionnaire you will Know