team tactics and coaching methods in volleyball

8/2/2019 Team Tactics and Coaching Methods in Volleyball

1/19

TEAM TACTICS AND COACHING METHODS INVOLLEYBALL

Tactics is defined as the total individual techniques andteam play used for reaching optimal results in amatch. Tactics must respect :-

i. The rules of the game,

ii. the conditions of the match,

iii.the physical, technical and mental qualities of the

player as well as the combined skills of the teamand

iv.of course the mirror image-the tactics of theopponents.


2/19

Tactics of volleyball have some pecularities :-

There is no pure defensive tactics. There is no

play with delay. The ball must go over the net at amaximum of three contacts. The effective of the attackmust surpass the defense. A team cannot win without

attacking.

There are only 3 contacts for defense, preparationand completion of attack. That means there is arestriction of the total tactical possibilities. Therefore

there is a need for skill specialization of players intheir respective areas eg.

* open spikers, setters, fast spikers, sub spikers,

receivers, liberos, blockers etc.


3/19

The rules of volleyball are very specific, which hasgreat influence on team tactics :

Technical faults by the referees is also a possibility.Teams must not choose tactics which players cannotmaster with perfect (safe) skill. Every technical fault isimmediately punished by point and sideout. Tactics to

suit the team or team to suit tactics

The combined team tactics should be enforced by theindividual actions of the players. This require that the

technical skills, the physical abilities and the individualtactical ability of the player are precondition for thecombine team tactics. (Pre-trained with repetitions).Team tactics cannot be more effective than the

individual techniques and skill of the player.


4/19

Accordingly, a high level of individual technique andtactics is more important for efective play than theteam tactic itself. Very often team tactics are over

extimated..eg. tactics formation 1, 2 or 3 etc.

Many teams try to play tactically at a higher level thanwhat they can master by the players individually.

It is better to play a simple team system with goodindividual skill than play a complicated system withpoor individual skills.

Team tactic hinge on the development and practice ofthe individual technical skills, physical abilities andmental qualities of each player. Remember, theweakest player on court provides the limitation of

team combine tactics.


5/19

PART OF TEAM TACTICS

There are three important aspect of team tactics :

1.System of the game

2.Overall strategy

3.Coaching

When To Call A Time Out or Substitution?

If a team lose more than 3 consecutive points(especially by the opponentss serve or block or byfaults of your own players which were not caused bythe opponents).

If your team gets disorganized or confused or

players are out of position.


6/19

If you team is psychological upset or losing theirmorale.

If your opponents have changed their tactics withsuccess.

If your team cannot put into effect the tactical plan.

If some of your players are not moving or showingenough determination.

If you want to strengthen your team by giving new

tactical change.

If you want to stop (break) your opponents rhythm,break the flow of their game by causing interruptions.

If you want to return the initiative to your team.


7/19

If your opponents have reached one of thepsychological barriers first and your team is two ormore points behind or if you want to break throughone of the barriers.

If you need to give a pyschological blow to theopposing team.

If you need a decisive play to finish the set or match.

If one of your players is tired, injured or lost his spirit.

If a player does not follow the tactical plan or orders.

If you can enter a substitute player with special skillor abilities to strengthen the front or back court play or

to surprise the opposition.


8/19

The Use Of Time Out

There are only two times-out for each team in each

set, dont waste them! The coach should prepare notes prior to speaking tothe players during a time-out and be concise. (straghtto the point)

As soon as the times-out is called by either side, theplayers should meet at the sideline. Everyone mustlisten. (Pay attention)

The coach should be constructive, not destructiveduring a time-out. If this team or some player areplaying badly, a coach should be positive. Instead of

telling a player his defects in technique or repeating


9/19

his faults, the coach should briefly give him hints onwhat to do to improve it. The player need advice thatthey can use now, not at a later training session.

If the team formation is wrong or needs adjustment,as a result of the pattern of play adopted by theopponents, then the players should be told the new

positions as quickly and briefly as possible.

Advice on where to serve, which player to set to,which part of the court to smash at and so on should

be given.

The coach should aim to improve his teamsperformance by giving advice or how to tighten up its

play and how to penetrate the opponents defense.


10/19

During the thirty seconds the coach should nottolerate quarrels, arguing between players ordiscussion.

A coach should not shout. A coach talks andoptimistically, giving advice or orders, reassuring histeam and giving confidence. A coach who complains,

becomes angry or loses his temper is demoralizing toa team.

It is great of important to find the persinal approach

to each player in line with the type of personality. Depending on the game conditions, the coach shouldtry to relax his player in order to take the pressure offthem or inject some fight into them.


11/19

The coach should check to see that the players usehis advice or orders. If a player does not, substitutehim at once (it is more important for the team to haveone bad tactic for each player to have his own).


12/19

How To Use The Intervals Between Sets

The rules allow an interval of 3 minutes between sets

and 5 minutes between the fourth and fifth sets. Duringthis time the coach and players should review theprevious set and discuss briefly the tactics to be usedfor the next.

It is useful if the coach asks the experienced playersto evaluate the opponent performance, but discussionshould be ended in time to get ready for the next set.

The coach then checks the rotation order he hasused in the last set and considers if it can be improvedin view of the opponents line-up. (Question mark?)


13/19

The winning teams of a set very relax and are liableto slip into a low level of play. The coach must ensurethat the team gets back into top gear as soon as

possible.

It is often valuable to substitue one or two players atthe beginning of the set. Substitute players will be very

keen to get back into the game once it has started.

If the coach and the team feel the referee is poor orbiased, they must not get angry or they will lose their

concentration on the play. They will see omly hismistakes and their team playing will get worse. If thecoach shows the referee that he does not agree, heencourages his players to do the same.


14/19

Although a team may have lost the last set, thestatistical analysis shows that they have won the latterpart. Tell it to the players, it will give them confidence.

Very often the next set begins like the last set wasending. This knowledge will help your players attitude

for the next set.

Prior to starting, all players should be fully expectedto win the next set- psychological warfare.


15/19

How to Substitutute.

As the coach watches his first six players,he must

evaluate not only their technical and tacticalperformance but their attitude, their spirit. If a playerdoes not give his full effort every set, he is a badinfluence on the team and his attitude will force the

coach to substititute him.

If your team has the initiative and scoresconsecutively, dont change players as the proverb

says, Never change a winning team. Often the coachtries to give the reserve players a chance to play insuch moments and frequently the set or match will belost.


16/19

It is not useful to substitute players too often. Theteam loses the flow of play and players loseconfidence.

The first six should be selected and prepared to sucha degree that they are able to play all the games andsets with only one or two substitutions. If there are

more substitutions, the tactical and psychological unitof the is in danger. The first six are like an orchestra.You cant choose all the best instruments, you must

have balance; on the other hand you must substitute a

player as quickly as possible when he endangers theintegrity of the playing six.


17/19

Sometimes it is better that an essential player (i.e.the captain or another player that is essential to themoral of team) is not substituted if he is not in good

form. Another player on the bench may have betterform, but he has a bad influence on the team andtherefore is not suitable as a substitute.

Against a weaker team, it is possible to field thesecond six guided by one or two (experienced) playersof the first six. Then they have a real chance to showtheir talent.

Substitution must not be improvised. They should bepart of the tactical plan and practiced in traininggames. Each substitute player must know his role and

position before he is used.

f


18/19

The coach must call a substitute player in time forwarming up. The coach may give him some advice ororder before he asks for the substitute and player must

be ready beside the score table at this moment. The coach may tell the replaced player the reason forthe substitution and recommend what he should do.

The first six must be able to play five complete setsper day (at a tournament). The substitutes must be ableto reach their maximum level of performance quicklyand only for a short period of time. Therefore the

preparation of substitutes will be different from the firstsix. They must learn their task during training andpreparatory games. They may be substituted topositions in the first six where you would expect them tobe substituted in a match.


19/19

Dont use a substitute who is not warm up. This is thereason some of the substitutes shall continue to warmup beside the court. (warming up zone)

If the coach intends to strengthen the attack ordefense play by regularly substituting special players atthe net or at the back court, he has to practice this

method in training.

Dont substitute young, inexperienced or excitedplayers in critical or deciding moments. Give them a

chance when your team is leading so they can startwithout mental pressure. Dont replace them after the

first mistake, dont discourage them.

team tactics and coaching methods in volleyball

Documents