tek i. 7a – investigate and identify properties of fluids including
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TEK I. 7A – investigate and identify properties of fluids including. Density, Bouyancy and Viscosity. Density. Which box is more dense?. Both cubes have the same volume, but Cube 1 has more molecules so it is denser than the Cube 2!. Density. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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TEK I. 7A – investigate and identify properties of fluids
including
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Density
Which box is more dense?
Both cubes have the same volume, but Cube 1 has more molecules so it is
denser than the Cube 2!
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Density
Density compares the mass of an object to its volume
D = mass = g or g
volume mL cm3
Note: 1 mL = 1 cm3
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Volume Displacement
A solid or liquid displaces a matching volume of water when the solid or liquid is placed in water.
33 mL
25 mL
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Sample Problem
1. What is the density (g/mL) of 48 g of a metal if the metal raises the level of water in a graduated cylinder from 25 mL to 33 mL?
(A) 0.2 g/ mL (B) 6.0 g/mL(C) 8.0 g/mL(D) 252 g/mL
33 33 mLmL25 mL25 mL
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Density of Liquids
Liquids of lower density float on liquids of higher density.
Vegetable Oil
Density= .95 g/mL
Water
Density= 1.0 g/mL
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Sample Problem
2. Which diagram represents the liquid layers in the cylinder?
(K) Karo syrup (1.4 g/mL),
(V) vegetable oil (0.91 g/mL),
(W) water (1.0 g/mL)
(A) (B) (C)
K
K
W
W
W
V
V
V
K
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Solution
(A)
K
W
V(V) vegetable oil (0.91 g/mL), (W) water (1.0 g/mL),(K) Karo syrup (1.4 g/mL)
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Sample Problem
3. If blood has a density of 1.05 g/mL at 96.7° F, how many milliliters of blood are donated if 575 g of blood are given?
(A) 548 mL
(B) 96.7 mL
(C) 1.25 mL
(D) 1.83 mL
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Buoyancy
• Why does a boat float higher in saltwater than in freshwater?
A boat has more buoyancy in saltwater than in freshwater because saltwater is more dense than freshwater
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Bouyancy
• Buoyancy is the tendency of a less dense substance to float in a more dense liquid.
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How do life jackets increase your buoyancy?
• Lifejackets decrease your density by increasing your volume without increasing your mass much.
D= M V
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Viscosity
• Have you ever been accused of moving “slower than molasses in January”?
• What makes a substance like molasses flow so slowly?
Molasses has a very high viscosity- which means it resists flow!
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Viscosity
• Viscosity is resistance to fluid flow.
• When particles in a liquid are strongly
attracted there is high viscosity.
• When particles in a liquid are weakly
attracted there is low viscosity.
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Viscosity
• What about when you heat up syrup? Then it seems to flow faster. What’s going on then?
•When you warm up a substance the kinetic energy of the molecules increase. This means that the molecules are moving faster, weakening the attraction between the particles, and lowering the viscosity.
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4. During a laboratory investigation a student had to plan and implement an investigative procedure to determine the density of an unknown liquid. The student would need what equipment to do this investigation:
(A) test tubes, test tube rack, balance, beakers
(B) graduated cylinder, balance, beakers, funnel
(C) graduated cylinder, beakers, test tube rack, test tubes
(D) litmus paper, pH sensor, balance, Bunsen burner
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5. A sample of an element has a volume of 78.0 mL and a density of 1.85 g/mL. What is the mass in grams of the sample?
144.30 g
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6. A block of maple wood with a volume of 405 cubic centimeters and a density of 0.67 g/cm3 is sawed in half. The density of the two smaller blocks in now
(A) one-fourth the original density
(B) one-half the original density
(C) two times the original density
(D) the same as the original density
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7. The picture shows the results of pouring a blue liquid into a clear liquid and allowing the mixture to settle for 25 minutes. Compared to the clear liquid, the blue liquid is more —A massive B denseC viscous D soluble
B
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H
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B
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B
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A
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A