telephone based home automation system report
TRANSCRIPT
-
7/29/2019 Telephone Based Home Automation system Report
1/58
INDEX
1. INTRODUCTION
2. FEATURES
3. HISTORY
4. GENERAL DESCRIPTION
5. BLOCK DIAGRAM
6. CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
7. COMPONENT LIST
8. WORKING
9. PCB OVERLAY
10. CODING
11. ADVANTAGES
12. APPLICATIONS
13. FUTURE ENHANCEMENTS
14. REFERENCES
-
7/29/2019 Telephone Based Home Automation system Report
2/58
-
7/29/2019 Telephone Based Home Automation system Report
3/58
INTRODUCTION
Controlling devices using switches are common. From a few decades controlling
devices using remote control switches like infrared remote control switch, wireless
remote control switches, light activated switches Are becoming popular. But
these technologies have their own limitations. Laser beams are harmful to mankind.
Some technologies like IR remote control are used for short distance applications. In
such case if we have system which does not require Any radiations or which is not
harmful, long remote control switch!! Yes here is the solution.
Here we are introducing such a system which does not require any radiations, any
laser beam which has no limitation of range, we mean it can be used from any distance
from meters to thousand kilometers using a simple telephone line or mobile phone.
Here we are using a telephone as a media, which serves main part of this system.
By using home phone as a local phone and another phone - either landline or mobile
phone as a remote phone we are controlling devices.
-
7/29/2019 Telephone Based Home Automation system Report
4/58
-
7/29/2019 Telephone Based Home Automation system Report
5/58
FEATURES
1. You can control up to 10 devices. It may be any electric or electronic appliances or devices
with simple to heavy appliances. Each device is given a unique code.
2. It makes accurate switching, any false switching of device are not done.
3. There is no risk for false switching.
4. Your local phone (i.e., home phone or office phone) can be used for normal use by using a
DPDT switch. So you need not use a separate telephone line for this device controlling.
5. To perform any operations through remote phone line, the user needs to dial to the local
telephone (to which the interfacing circuit is connected) then the respective code of thedevice is dialed.
6. This system detects the ringing signal from your exchange with the help of ring detector
and automatically switches ON.
7. This circuit gives an acknowledgement tone after switching ON and OFF the devices to
confirm the status of the device.
8. You can control devices from local telephone. It can also be controlled by PCO.
-
7/29/2019 Telephone Based Home Automation system Report
6/58
-
7/29/2019 Telephone Based Home Automation system Report
7/58
-
7/29/2019 Telephone Based Home Automation system Report
8/58
HISTORY OF DTMF
Dual-tone multiple frequency (DTMF) signaling is used for telephone signaling over the
line in the voice-frequency band to the call switching center. The version of DTMF used
for telephone tone dialing is known by the trademarked term Touch-Tone, and is
standardised by ITU-T Recommendation Q.23. Other multi-frequency systems are used
for signaling internal to the telephone network
-
7/29/2019 Telephone Based Home Automation system Report
9/58
In the time preceding the development of DTMF, telephone systems employed a system
commonly referred to as pulse (Dial Pulse or DP in the USA) or loop disconnect (LD)
signalling to dial numbers, which functions by rapidly disconnecting and connecting the
calling party's telephone line, similar to flicking a light switch on and off. The repeated
connection and disconnection, as the dial spins, sounds like a series of clicks. The
exchange equipment counts those clicks or dial pulses to determine the called number.
Loop disconnect range was restricted by telegraphic distortion and other technical
problems, and placing calls over longer distances required either operator assistance
(operators used an earlier kind of multi-frequency dial) or the provision of subscriber
trunk dialling equipment.
DTMF was developed at Bell Labs in order to allow dialing signals to dial long-distancenumbers, potentially over nonwire links such as microwave radio relay links or satellites.
For a few non crossbar offices, encoder/decoders were added that would convert the older
pulse signals into DTMF tones and play them down the line to the remote end office. At
the remote site another encoder/decoder could decode the tones and perform pulse
dialing, for example for Strowger switches. It was as if you were connected directly to
that end office, yet the signaling would work over any sort of link. This idea of using the
existing network for signaling as well as the message is known as in-band signaling.
It was clear even in the late 1950s when DTMF was being developed that the future of
switching lay in electronic switches, as opposed to the electromechanical crossbar
systems then in use. Either switching system could use either dial system, but DTMF
promised shorter holding times, which was more important in the larger and more
complex registers used in crossbar systems. In this case pulse dialing made no sense at
any point in the circuit, and plans were made to roll DTMF out to end users as soon as
possible. Tests of the system occurred in the early 1960s, where DTMF became known as
Touch Tone. Though Touch Tone phones were already in use in a few places, they were
vigorously promoted at the 1964 New York World's Fair.
The Touch Tone system also introduced a standardized keypad layout. After testing 18
different layouts, they eventually chose the one familiar to us today, with 1 in the upper-
left and 0 at the bottom. The adding-machine layout, with 1 in the lower-left was also
tried, but at that time few people used adding machines, and having the 1 at the "start" (in
-
7/29/2019 Telephone Based Home Automation system Report
10/58
European language reading order) led to fewer typing errors. In retrospect, many people
consider that this was a mistake. With the widespread introduction of computers and bank
machines, the phone keyboard has become "oddball", causing mistakes.
In another sense, DTMF was obsolete a decade after it was instituted, as FSK methods
with fewer frequencies became cheaper, faster and more reliable. However, the technical
complexities of digital filtering were more expensive to deal with than junking an
adequate system.
The consumer product was marketed by AT&T under the registered trade name Touch-
Tone. Other vendors of compatible telephone equipment called this same system "Tone"
dialing or "DTMF".
The DTMF system uses eight different frequency signals transmitted in pairs to represent
sixteen different numbers, symbols and letters - as detailed below
#, *, A, B, C, and D
The engineers had envisioned phones being used to access computers, and surveyed a
number of companies to see what they would need for this role. This led to the addition
of the number sign (#) and star (*) keys (also known as humphries),[citation needed] as
well as a group of keys for menu selection: A, B, C and D. In the end, the lettered keys
were dropped from most phones, and it was many years before the humphries became
widely used for vertical service codes such as *67 in the United States and Canada to
suppress caller ID.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Autovon_keypad.jpg -
7/29/2019 Telephone Based Home Automation system Report
11/58
An Autovon telephone keypad with the four precedence levels
Public payphones that accept credit cards use these additional codes to send the
information from the magnetic strip.
The U.S. military also used the letters, relabeled, in their now defunct Autovon phone
system. Here they were used before dialing the phone in order to give some calls priority,
cutting in over existing calls if need be. The idea was to allow important traffic to get
through every time. The levels of priority available were Flash Override (A), Flash (B),
Immediate (C), and Priority (D), with Flash Override being the highest priority. Pressing
one of these keys gave your call priority, overriding other conversations on the network.
Pressing C, Immediate, before dialing would make the switch first look for any free lines,
and if all lines were in use, it would disconnect any non-priority calls, and then any
priority calls. Flash Override will kick every other call off the trunks between the origin
and destination. Consequently, it is limited to the White House Communications Agency.
Precedence dialing is still done on the military phone networks, but using number
combinations (Example:Entering 93 before a number is a priority call) rather than the
separate tones.
Present-day uses of the A, B, C and D keys on telephone networks are few, and exclusive
to network control. For example, the A key is used on some networks to cycle through
different carriers at will (thereby listening in on calls). Their use is probably prohibited
by most carriers. The A, B, C and D tones are used in amateur radio phone patch and
repeater operations to allow, among other uses, control of the repeater while connected to
an active phone line.
DTMF tones are also used by some cable television networks and radio networks to
signal the local cable company/network station to insert a local advertisement or station
identification. These tones were often heard during a station ID preceding a local ad
insert. Previously, terrestrial television stations also used DTMF tones to shut off and
turn on remote transmitters.
-
7/29/2019 Telephone Based Home Automation system Report
12/58
DTMF tones are also sometimes used in caller ID systems to transfer the caller ID
information, however in the USA only Bell 202 modulated FSK signalling is used to
transfer the data.
Keypad
The DTMF keypad is laid out in a 44 matrix, with each row representing a low
frequency, and each column representing a high frequency. Pressing a single key such as
'1' will send a sinusoidal tone of the two frequencies 697 and 1209 hertz (Hz). The
original keypads had levers inside, so each button activated two contacts. The multiple
tones are the reason for calling the system multifrequency. These tones are then decoded
by the switching center to determine which key was pressed.
1209 Hz 1336 Hz 1477 Hz 1633 Hz
697 Hz 1 2 3 A
770 Hz 4 5 6 B
852 Hz 7 8 9 C
941 Hz * 0 # D
WHAT IS DTMF ?
When you press a button in the telephone set keypad, a connection is made that generates a
resultant signal of two tones at the same time. These two tones are taken from a row frequency
and a column frequency. The resultant frequency signal is called "Dual Tone Multiple
Frequency". These tones are identical and unique.
A DTMF signal is the algebraic sum of two different audio frequencies, and can be
expressed as follows:
-
7/29/2019 Telephone Based Home Automation system Report
13/58
f(t) = A0sin(2**fa*t) + B0sin(2**fb*t) + ........... ------->(1)
Where fa and fb are two different audio frequencies with A and B as their peak amplitudes
and f as the resultant DTMF signal. fa belongs to the low frequency group and fb belongs to the
high frequency group.
Each of the low and high frequency groups comprise four frequencies from the various
keys present on the telephone keypad; two different frequencies, one from the high frequency
group and another from the low frequency group are used to produce a DTMF signal to represent
the pressed key.
The amplitudes of the two sine waves should be such that
(0.7 < (A/B) < 0.9)V -------->(2)
The frequencies are chosen such that they are not the harmonics of each other. The
frequencies associated with various keys on the keypad are shown in figure (A).
When you send these DTMF signals to the telephone exchange through cables, the servers
in the telephone exchange identifies these signals and makes the connection to the person you are
calling.
-
7/29/2019 Telephone Based Home Automation system Report
14/58
KEYPAD WITH 12 KEYS AND FREQUENCIES(Hz)
When you press the digit 5 in the keypad it generates a resultant tone signal which is
made up of frequencies 770Hz and 1336Hz. Pressing digit 8 will produce the tone taken from
tones 852Hz and 1336Hz. In both the cases, the column frequency 1336 Hz is the same. These
signals are digital signals which are symmetrical with the sinusoidal wave.
A Typical frequency is shown in the figure below:
Figure (B)
Along with these DTMF generator in our telephone set provides a set of special purpose
groups of tones, which is normally not used in our keypad. These tones are identified as 'A', 'B',
'C', 'D'. These frequencies have the same column frequency but uses row frequencies given in the
table in figure (A). These tones are used for communication signaling.
Due to its accuracy and uniqueness, these DTMF signals are used in controlling systems
using telephones. By using some DTMF generating ICs (UM91214, UM91214, etc) we can
generate DTMF tones without depending on the telephone set.
-
7/29/2019 Telephone Based Home Automation system Report
15/58
-
7/29/2019 Telephone Based Home Automation system Report
16/58
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
The DTMF REMOTE SYSTEM is connected in parallel with the telephone apparatus:
this does not restrict the use of the telephone in any way. After a seven rings the circuit
lifts the receiver and sends an acknowledgement tone to signal to the caller that a four-
digit code number is to be entered. Ten seconds are allowed for the entry of each digit,
and each digit is acknowledged by a tone. If the time limit is exceeded, an error sound is
produced and the receiver replaced on-hook. An MICRCHIP PIC16Fxxx micro controller
controls the unit.
Once all four digits are received they are compared with stored code numbers. If
the digits are not in agreement with any of the stored numbers, the error sound is again
produced and the call is terminated. The circuit is then immediately ready for a new call.
-
7/29/2019 Telephone Based Home Automation system Report
17/58
Each of the three switching outputs is assigned two sequences of digits, one to switch the
output stage on and the other to switch it off. If the same four-digit number is received a
second time, the circuit does not change state. The states of the outputs are stored in
EEPROM in the PIC and so are preserved in the case of a power failure.
-
7/29/2019 Telephone Based Home Automation system Report
18/58
-
7/29/2019 Telephone Based Home Automation system Report
19/58
-
7/29/2019 Telephone Based Home Automation system Report
20/58
-
7/29/2019 Telephone Based Home Automation system Report
21/58
-
7/29/2019 Telephone Based Home Automation system Report
22/58
-
7/29/2019 Telephone Based Home Automation system Report
23/58
PART (COMPONENTS) LIST
R5 - 4K (1)
R4 - 270E (1)
R 8, 11 - 10K (2)R6, 9, 10, 14 - 100K (4)
R7 - 270K (1)
R13, 15 - 2K (2)
R16 - 19 - 1K (4)
C1, 2, 3, 10, 11 - 100KPF DISC (0.1UF / 104)
C4, 5 - 33PF Ceramic Disc
C6 - 0.47 UF / 250V
C7 - 1UF / 25V
C8 - 1000UF / 16V Electrolytic
C9 - 47UF / 25V Electrolytic
Y1 - 4 MHZ Crystal
Y2 - 3.579545 MHZ Crystal
D1, 2 - W04M 1 AMP BRIDGE
D3 - 5 mm RED LED
D4, 5, 8, 9 - 5 mm-GREEN LED
D6, 7, 10, 11 - IN4007 Diode
Q2, 3 - BC547
U1 - PIC16Fxxx (Pre Programmed MCU)
U2 - MT 8870 (DTMF Decorder)
U3 - MCT2E
U4 - LM7805 (3 Pin Voltage Regulator)
U5 - ULN2003A (Relay Driver)
RL1 3 - 12V PCB MOUNT SPDT RELAY
CN1 3 - 3 PIN TERMINALS BLOCK (Not Include In The Kit)
JP2, 3 - RJ11 TELE. SOCKET
J1 - DC Jack
2 Nos - 18 Pin IC Socket
1 Nos - 16 Pin IC Socket
1 Nos - 6 Pin IC Socket
-
7/29/2019 Telephone Based Home Automation system Report
24/58
SALIENT FEATURES
Outputs - Relays x 3
Contact rating - See text
Operating voltage -12V AC / DC (nominal)
Operating current -100mA with no relays operated / 500mA with all relays
operated (Aprox)
Connections 1] 2.5mm DC power jack
2]. RJ-11 for telephone line
3] 3-way screw terminals for relay contacts
Auto line pick up
Auto hang-up line
On board serial EEPROM, its store the relay status. (No require battery back up)
Acknowledgement tone out put for the user.
Connects to standard single line phone line.
On board Ring, power, and relay status LEDs
-
7/29/2019 Telephone Based Home Automation system Report
25/58
-
7/29/2019 Telephone Based Home Automation system Report
26/58
MICROCONTROLLER
The full circuit of the remote telephone switch is shown in schismatic we will not review
the operation of how telephone lines work or the detailed operation of the various ICs
used. See the References section for Web links where you can get this information. The
brain of the switcher is the MICROCHIP PIC16Fxxx micro controller, U1. Incoming ring
is detected via C6, D2, R15 and the opto-coupler U3 and connected to pin 11 of the micro
controller. The incoming call is answered by connecting the circuit based around Q1 and
R4 (an electronic holding coil) to the line. One output from micro controller (pin 3) is
used to output a 325Hz software generated tone into the telephone line via the Q2, Q3.
This tone is used to signal the user when commands have been completed or of any
command errors. The PIC16Fxx micro controller examines incoming signals on port B
and controls the outputs over port A. Connection to the telephone network is via RJ11
connector K2. Socket K3 is connected in parallel with socket K2 and allows a telephone
to be connected at the same time as the circuit. A voltage-dependent resistor (varistor) is
connected across these two sockets, which provides protection against voltages in excess
of 130 V.
Q 2
A C K
S T D
V C C
Q 1
R L 2
C 4
R I N G
Q 4
R 6
O H
R L 3
Q 3
C 5
U 1
5
14
1 5
4
1 6
1 7
1 8
1
2
3
6
7
8
9
1 0
1 1
GND
VDD
O S C 2
M C L R
O S C 1
R A 0
R A 1
R A 2
R A 3
R A 4
R B 0 / IN T
R B 1
R B 2
R B 3
R B 4
R B 5
R L 1
P I C 1 6 F x x x
M i c r o c o n tr o l l e r
I n t e r f a c e
Y 1
-
7/29/2019 Telephone Based Home Automation system Report
27/58
RING DETECTOR
The DTMF signal to be processed (an AC signal with a DC offset) is brought in to the
circuit via D2 bridge rectifier with a single call, for example. Type MCT2E opt couplers
are used Because of this diode bridge; the polarity of the signal is no longer relevant. The
ring signal is an AC voltage, which passes through capacitor C6 to bridge rectifier D1
bridge rectifier. Since this voltage can be as high as 60 V, an opto coupler (U3) is used
before the input to the PIC. Capacitor C6 ensures that only the ring signal, and not the
DC offset, reaches the
Opto coupler.
+
C 7
C 6
J 1 A
R J 1 1
1 A
2 A
3 A
4 AR 1 3-
+ D 2
1
4
3
2
R I N G D E T E C T O R C I R C U I
D 3
U 3
1
2
5
4
R I N G
R 1 5
L I N E I N
-
7/29/2019 Telephone Based Home Automation system Report
28/58
DTMF DECODER
DTMF detection and decoding is provided by U2. This chip, an 8870, is a complete
DTMF receiver, which is able to detect and decode all 16 DTMF tone pairs into a 4-bit
code. When a valid DTMF digit is detected the 4-bit code is placed on pins 11-14 and a
data available output, pin 15, is set to logic high. It is connected to the telephone line
via C2 and R9 and R14 a hexadecimal value corresponding to the two tones at its outputs
Q1 to Q4. These outputs are latched and so are only valid when the control output STD is
high. For its operation the integrated circuit requires a base of times, generated in this
case by the quartz crystal of 3.579545MHz. This crystal is very common in the market
since he is the employee for the systems of color of the TV equipment
R 7
D t m f D e c o r d e r
I n t e r f a c e
T O N E I N
Q 4
Q 3
V C C
R 1 4
Q 2
S T D
Y 2
C 1U 2
1 1
1 2
1 3
1 4
7
8
10
41
2
3
56 9
18
1 5
1 7
1 6
Q 1
Q 2
Q 3
Q 4
O S C 1
O S C 2
OE
V R E F
IN +
I N -
G S
INH
PW
VSS
VDD
S T D
S T / G T
E S T
Q 1
-
7/29/2019 Telephone Based Home Automation system Report
29/58
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT TONE OUTPUT
When Q3 is driven by the PIC, it is switched on and off at a frequency of 325 Hz and
adds an extra alternating current of 2 mA. This causes the caller to hear a tone. This tone
is used to signal the user when commands have been completed or of any command
errors.
A C K
A C K T o n e O u t p u
R 1 1
-
+ D 1
1
4
3
2
T O T E L E
R 5J 2 A
R J 1 1
1 A2 A
3 A
4 AQ 3
2
1
3
-
7/29/2019 Telephone Based Home Automation system Report
30/58
AUTO LINE PICKEDUP
Signal output to the telephone line is via two transistors. Q2 produces a line current of
approximately 20 mA, which corresponds to lifting the receiver
R 1 2
L I N E P I C K U PT O T E L E
R 8
O HQ 1
-
+ D 1
1
4
3
2
R 4
J 2 A
R J 1 1
1 A
2 A
3 A
4 A
-
7/29/2019 Telephone Based Home Automation system Report
31/58
POWER SUPPLY
Two supply voltages are required for the telephone remote system circuit. A DC or AC
12 V mains adaptor is connected to bridge rectifier (D6, 7, 10, 11) via DC jack. U1 and
U2 are supplied with a regulated 5 V from a 7805 (U4) fixed voltage Regulator. The
unregulated voltage of approximately 12 V is required for relay driving circuit (U5).
C 1 1
+ 1 2 V
D 6
V D D
1 2 V / 5 V D C P O W E R S U P P L Y
D 1 1D 1 0
C 1 0
+
C 8
D 7
V C C
R 1 8
D 8
J 4
I N O U TG N D
U 4
+
C 9
+ 5 V
-
7/29/2019 Telephone Based Home Automation system Report
32/58
-
7/29/2019 Telephone Based Home Automation system Report
33/58
PART (COMPONENTS) EXPLANATION
1] PIC 16Fxx MICROCONTROLLER
Now, the personal computer, which you are using, is working with the software. Thesoftware is the one to have written the operation order of the hardware (the personal
computer). It is possible to make do the various operations to the hardware when making
memorize this procedure at the memory and making execute it in the order. It is possible
to make do the operation, which is different with the same hardware, by changing the
software. It is very convenient.
PIC (Peripheral interface controller) is the IC while was developed to control the
peripheral device, dispersing the function of the main CPU. PIC has the calculation
function and the memory like the CPU and is controlled by the software. However the
throughput, the memory capacity arent big. It depends on kind of PIC but the maximum
operation clock frequency is about 20MHZ and the memory capacity to write the
program is about 1K to 4K words. The clock frequency is related with the speed to read
the program and to execute the instruction. Only at the clock frequency, the throughput
can not be judged. It changes with the architecture in the processing parts for same
architecture; the one with the higher clock frequency is higher about the throughput.
The point, which the PIC convenient for is that the calculation part, the memory, the
input/output part and so on, are incorporated into one piece of the IC. The efficiency, the
function is limited but can compose the control unit only by the PIC even if it doesn't
combine the various IC's so, the circuit can be compactly made.
-
7/29/2019 Telephone Based Home Automation system Report
34/58
More information please refer Data sheet 0f PIC 16Fxx
SPECIAL MICROCONTROLLER FEATURES:
13 I/O pins with individual direction control
High current sink/source for direct LED drive
- 25 ma sink max. Per pin
- 25-ma source max. Per pin
TMR0: 8-bit timer/counter with 8-bit programmable preschooler o 1000
erase/write cycles Enhanced Flash program memory
1,000,000 typical erase/write cycles EEPROM data memory
EEPROM Data Retention > 40 years
In-Circuit Serial Programming (ICSP) - via two pins
Power-on Reset (POR), Power-up Timer (PWRT), Oscillator Start-up Timer
(OST)
Watchdog Timer (WDT) with its own on-chip RC oscillator for reliable operation
Code-protection
Selectable oscillator options
Low-power, high-speed technology
Fully static design
Wide operating voltage range:
-
7/29/2019 Telephone Based Home Automation system Report
35/58
2] DTMF DECODER MT8870
The MT8870 is a complete DTMF receiver integrating both the band split filter and
digital decoder functions. The filter section uses switched capacitor techniques for high
and low group filters; the decoder uses digital counting techniques to detect and decode
all 16 DTMF tone pairs into a 4-bit code. External component count is minimized by on
chip provision of a differential input amplifier, clock oscillator and latched three-state bus
interface.
FUNCTIONAL DECODE TABLE
L=LOGIC LOW, H=LOGIC HIGH, Z=HIGH IMPEDANCE
X = DONT CARE
Digit TOEINH
E-st Q4 Q3 Q2 Q1
ANY L X H Z Z Z Z
1 H X H 0 0 0 1
2 H X H 0 0 1 0
3 H X H 0 0 1 1
4 H X H 0 1 0 0
5 H X H 0 1 0 1
6 H X H 0 1 1 0
7 H X H 0 1 1 1
8 H X H 1 0 0 0
9 H X H 1 0 0 1
0 H X H 1 0 1 0
* H X H 1 0 1 1
# H X H 1 1 0 0
A H L H 1 1 0 1
B H L H 1 1 1 0
C H L H 1 1 1 1
D H L H 0 0 0 0
.
3] LM7805
Three terminal Positive Voltage regulators, its used to make the stable voltage of +5V
for micro controller. The LM7805 is three terminal positive regulators are available in the
TO-220/D package and with several fixed output voltages, making them useful in a wide
range of applications. Each type employs internal current limiting, thermal shut down and
-
7/29/2019 Telephone Based Home Automation system Report
36/58
safe operating area protection, making it essentially indestructible. If adequate heat
sinking is provided, they can deliver over 1A output current. Although designed primarily
as fixed voltage regulators.
4] MCT2E / 4N35
It is used for Ring detection The MCT2E series opt isolators consist of a gallium arsenide
infrared emitting diode driving a silicon phototransistor in a 6-pin dual in-line package.
4 - E M I T T E R
6 - B A S E2 - C A T H O D E 5 - C O L L E C T O R3 - N C
M C T 2 E
1
2
5
4
6
1 - A N O D
5] SPDT RELAY 12V
-
7/29/2019 Telephone Based Home Automation system Report
37/58
It closes the voltage less point of contact while the remote control works to control the
equipment outside. The relay takes advantage of the fact that when electricity flows
through a coil, it becomes an electromagnet. The electromagnetic coil attracts a steel
plate, which is attached to a switch. So the switch's motion (ON and OFF) is
controlled by the current flowing to the coil, or not, respectively. A very useful
feature of a relay is that it can be used to electrically isolate different parts of a
circuit. It will allow a low voltage circuit (e.g. 5VDC) to switch the power in a high
voltage circuit (e.g. 100 VAC or more). The relay operates mechanically, so it cannot
operate at high speed.
-
7/29/2019 Telephone Based Home Automation system Report
38/58
ASSEMBLY INSTRUCTIONS
Use the component overlay on the PCB to place the components starting with the lowest
height components
First. Make sure that the diode, LED and electrolytic capacitors are inserted the right way
around.
1. Resistors and diodes
2. IC sockets do not insert ICs until after the TESTING section.
3. Ceramic capacitors.
4. DC Power jack and LM7805 regulators.. It does not require a heat sink.
5. A 4 pin zippy tact switch (SW1)
6. Transistors (Q1 Q3) and bridge rectifiers7. RJ11 telephone socket and LEDs
8. Electrolytic capacitors. Make sure you insert them the correct way around.
9. Terminal blocks. Note the terminal blocks. Also make sure the wire entry side
faces out from the PCB.
10. Relays and crystal
-
7/29/2019 Telephone Based Home Automation system Report
39/58
FIRST TEST
When the PIC is first used after its program code has been loaded into it, all the output
stages are turned on, and all digit sequences are set to CCCC (in DTMF code). These
values are changed when the unit is first configured using DTMF tones.
Simply simply calling one self and watching the effect of the call and the received signals
on the receiving telephone and on the remote control can test the circuit. The call
acknowledgement tone should be heard in the earpiece, and a four-digit sequence should
be entered. The signal tones shown in the table should be heard, overlaid by the tones
from the connected telephone. During this process the tones entered can cause an
outgoing call to be set up, the power supply should be disconnected, but the telephone
connection need not be unplugged. Note that this means that if there is a power cut, the
telephone connection will not be blocked.
COMMANDS
1] 1111 = Relay 1 On
2] 2222 = Relay 1 Off
3] 3333 = Relay 2 On
4] 4444 = Relay 2 Off
5] 5555 = Relay 3 On
6] 6666 = Relay 3 Off
TROUBLE SHOOTING
Poor soldering (dry joints) is the most common reason for the circuit not working.
Check all soldered joints carefully under a good light. Re-solder any that look suspicious.
Are all the components in their correct position on the PCB? Are the electrolytic
capacitors and diodes the right way round? Are the ICs the right way around? Are any IC
leads bent up under the IC body? Is the regulator output = 5V?
-
7/29/2019 Telephone Based Home Automation system Report
40/58
-
7/29/2019 Telephone Based Home Automation system Report
41/58
PCB Overlay
-
7/29/2019 Telephone Based Home Automation system Report
42/58
-
7/29/2019 Telephone Based Home Automation system Report
43/58
DTMF REMOTE CODE
-
7/29/2019 Telephone Based Home Automation system Report
44/58
-
7/29/2019 Telephone Based Home Automation system Report
45/58
-
7/29/2019 Telephone Based Home Automation system Report
46/58
-
7/29/2019 Telephone Based Home Automation system Report
47/58
-
7/29/2019 Telephone Based Home Automation system Report
48/58
-
7/29/2019 Telephone Based Home Automation system Report
49/58
-
7/29/2019 Telephone Based Home Automation system Report
50/58
-
7/29/2019 Telephone Based Home Automation system Report
51/58
-
7/29/2019 Telephone Based Home Automation system Report
52/58
ADVANTAGES OF PROJECT
1. The main advantage of this remote controller is its unlimited range as connection
is established using telephone lines.
2. Operation is not based on infrared transmission due to which positioning and
adjustment is not required at all.
3. Working is easy and only appliances connection to kit and kit to phone line is to
be done just like plug n play.
4. Flexibility is provided in a way that one can connect less number of appliances in
starting and later on expand the circuitry as per requirement.
-
7/29/2019 Telephone Based Home Automation system Report
53/58
-
7/29/2019 Telephone Based Home Automation system Report
54/58
APPLICATIONS OF PROJECT
1. Using telephonic devices a person can control operation of many appliances
connected to the kit.
2. Just by using dial keypad of telephone from where the user is calling on / off
operation of the appliances can be performed.
3. The range of appliances that are controlled depends on person usage.
-
7/29/2019 Telephone Based Home Automation system Report
55/58
-
7/29/2019 Telephone Based Home Automation system Report
56/58
FUTURE ENHANCEMENTS OF PROJECT
1. Appliances used in homes like television, music system, fans, lights etc. can be
operated using this technique.
2. Office appliances like FAX can be operated using this technique.
-
7/29/2019 Telephone Based Home Automation system Report
57/58
-
7/29/2019 Telephone Based Home Automation system Report
58/58
REFERENCE FOR TECHNICAL INFORMATION
FROM FOLLOWING BOOKS:
1. Micro Processor Architecture by Ramesh S. Gaonkar.
2. Communication System by Tob & Shilling.
3. Micro controller by K. J. Ayala.
4. Integrated Electronics by Millman & Hawlkiwas.
5. Electronic devices and circuits by Allen Mottershead.
REFERENCE FOR ARTICLES & TECHNICAL INFORMATION ON
DTMF TELEPHONE REMOTE CONTROLLER FROM
FOLLOWING SITES:
http://www.yahoo.com (Yahoo search engine)
http://www.google.com (Google search engine)
http://www.ascom.com
http://www.metricom-corp.com/fec.html
http://www.homeplug.org/powerline/index.html
http://www.electricomconsulting.co.uk/overview.html
http://www.plugtek.com/morearticles.html
http://www. howstuffswork.com