temporal paradoxes - quantum mechanics · visser lorentzian wormholes 1994 nahin time machines :...
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Temporal Paradoxes - John Ashmead http://www.timeandquantummechanics.com
Temporal paradoxes
John Ashmead
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1Monday, March 21, 2011
Temporal Paradoxes - John Ashmead http://www.timeandquantummechanics.com2
Can atom smasher double as time machine?
CBS News: March 16, 2011 1:39 am
Inside the Large Hadron Collider. A view of the CMS, or Compact Muon Solenoid (Credit: SteMaximilien Brice/CERN)
2Monday, March 21, 2011
Temporal Paradoxes - John Ashmead http://www.timeandquantummechanics.com3
General relativity
Time machine
Quantum mechanics+
Basic equation
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Temporal Paradoxes - John Ashmead http://www.timeandquantummechanics.com4
Why look at this?
•Interesting question
•Sheds light on both general relativity & quantum mechanics
•May help reconcile them
4Monday, March 21, 2011
Temporal Paradoxes - John Ashmead http://www.timeandquantummechanics.com
xB
tB
B’s present
Q
•B going right, B says P & Q are “now”
•Are Q & R both “now”???
A, B, & C meet at P
•A at rest
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•C going left, C says P & R are “now”
C’s present
tC
xC
R
tA
xA
P
A’s present
5Monday, March 21, 2011
Temporal Paradoxes - John Ashmead http://www.timeandquantummechanics.com
General relativity
•Time is variable
•Wormholes
•Paradoxes
•Consistency principles
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Temporal Paradoxes - John Ashmead http://www.timeandquantummechanics.com
Time is variable
•Time dilation
•Gravitational red shift
•Frame dragging
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Temporal Paradoxes - John Ashmead http://www.timeandquantummechanics.com
Relativistic time dilation
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•At high speeds, particles seem to be using slower clocks
•We seem slower to them
•Subtracts 7 ms/day from GPS clocks
8Monday, March 21, 2011
Temporal Paradoxes - John Ashmead http://www.timeandquantummechanics.com
Gravitational red shift
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•Photon swimming up stream loses energy
•Looks as if time is slower on surface
•Adds 45ms/day to GPS clocks
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Temporal Paradoxes - John Ashmead http://www.timeandquantummechanics.com
Gravity Probe B
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Temporal Paradoxes - John Ashmead http://www.timeandquantummechanics.com
Very massive ballerinas
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Temporal Paradoxes - John Ashmead http://www.timeandquantummechanics.com
Wormholes
•Can be used for faster than light travel
•Built using black holes & math glue
•Can be used as time machines
•And as billiard table
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12Monday, March 21, 2011
Temporal Paradoxes - John Ashmead http://www.timeandquantummechanics.com
Wormholes, Time Machines, and the Weak Energy
Condition
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Morris, Thorne, & Yurtsever13Monday, March 21, 2011
Temporal Paradoxes - John Ashmead http://www.timeandquantummechanics.com
Wormhole time machine
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Relativistic speed Enormous gravity
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Temporal Paradoxes - John Ashmead http://www.timeandquantummechanics.com
Billiards with wormholes
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Future mouth
Past mouth
1
2
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Temporal Paradoxes - John Ashmead http://www.timeandquantummechanics.com
Paradoxes
•Grandfather paradoxes
•Bootstrap paradoxes
•Plausibility paradoxes
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Temporal Paradoxes - John Ashmead http://www.timeandquantummechanics.com
Grandfather paradoxes
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Future mouth
Past mouth
1
2
31’
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Temporal Paradoxes - John Ashmead http://www.timeandquantummechanics.com
Bootstrap paradoxes
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Where did the billiard ball come from?
Future mouth
Past mouth ?
18Monday, March 21, 2011
Temporal Paradoxes - John Ashmead http://www.timeandquantummechanics.com
Plausibility paradoxes
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Future mouth
Past mouth1
2
1’
Billiard ball hits itself just hard enough that it hits itself just hard enough
that it …
19Monday, March 21, 2011
Temporal Paradoxes - John Ashmead http://www.timeandquantummechanics.com
It seems that there is a Chronology Protection Agency which prevents the appearance of closed timelike curves and so makes the universe safe for historians. — Stephen Hawking
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Chronology Protection Agency
20Monday, March 21, 2011
Temporal Paradoxes - John Ashmead http://www.timeandquantummechanics.com
Weak energy condition
•If averaged energy positive, no wormholes
•But, beware of quantum fluctuations,
•black swans,
•and circular arguments.
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21Monday, March 21, 2011
Temporal Paradoxes - John Ashmead http://www.timeandquantummechanics.com
Novikov consistency conjecture
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…the only solutions to the laws of physics that can occur locally in the real Universe are those which are globally self-consistent.
— Igor Novikov
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Temporal Paradoxes - John Ashmead http://www.timeandquantummechanics.com
Quantum mechanics
•LHC may produce time machines
•Quantum mechanics
•Typology of time machines
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23Monday, March 21, 2011
Temporal Paradoxes - John Ashmead http://www.timeandquantummechanics.com
Large Hadron Collider & Time Machines
•Evanescent wormholes
•Higgs singlets
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Temporal Paradoxes - John Ashmead http://www.timeandquantummechanics.com25
•If LHC is a Mini-Time-Machines Factory, Can We Notice? — Mironov, Morozov, & Tomaras
•Time Machine at the LHC — Aref’eva, Volovich
•Causality violating Higgs Singlets at the LHC — Ho, Weiler
Three papers
25Monday, March 21, 2011
Temporal Paradoxes - John Ashmead http://www.timeandquantummechanics.com
0 or more time circuits
Mironov, Morozov, & Tomaras
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•Frequency filtration
•Unexpectedly energetic particles
•Accelerated aging
•Perceived unitarity violations
•Collective effects
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Temporal Paradoxes - John Ashmead http://www.timeandquantummechanics.com
Quantum mechanics
•Single slit & double slit experiments
•Sum over paths
•Measurement problem
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Temporal Paradoxes - John Ashmead http://www.timeandquantummechanics.com
Single slit experiment
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•Granular in small
•Smooth in large
•Some diffraction from edges
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Temporal Paradoxes - John Ashmead http://www.timeandquantummechanics.com
Double slit experiment
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•Interference pattern is present but is emergent, not obvious
•Attempts to see “which slit” the photon went thru will destroy the interference
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Temporal Paradoxes - John Ashmead http://www.timeandquantummechanics.com
Sum over paths
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30Monday, March 21, 2011
Temporal Paradoxes - John Ashmead http://www.timeandquantummechanics.com
Different rules for particles & us? Aren’t we made of particles?
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31Monday, March 21, 2011
Temporal Paradoxes - John Ashmead http://www.timeandquantummechanics.com
0 or more time circuits
Typology of time machines
•Self-consistency
•Time travel or mere retrodiction
•Mechanism
•Role of observer
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Temporal Paradoxes - John Ashmead http://www.timeandquantummechanics.com
Very simple time machine
•Requirements
•Construction of the time machine
•The world matrix
•Applications
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Temporal Paradoxes - John Ashmead http://www.timeandquantummechanics.com
Requirements
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1) Locally reasonable Free will
2) Globally self-consistent No paradoxes
3) Really is a time machine Not just retrodiction
4) No magic Includes observer
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Temporal Paradoxes - John Ashmead http://www.timeandquantummechanics.com
Mark I Time Machine
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Lab
Tim
e Lo
op
World
Decision
Effect
Control
Measurement
MysteriousStuff
35Monday, March 21, 2011
Temporal Paradoxes - John Ashmead http://www.timeandquantummechanics.com
Four cases
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Success,regardless
Failure,regardless
Self-fulfillingprophecy
Self-defeatingprophecy
Decision Effect
36Monday, March 21, 2011
Temporal Paradoxes - John Ashmead http://www.timeandquantummechanics.com
Time machine, lab, & world qubits
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Decision
Effect
Control
Measurement
QT QL!
QL ! QW
QL ! QW
QT QL!
37Monday, March 21, 2011
Temporal Paradoxes - John Ashmead http://www.timeandquantummechanics.com
The world as matrix
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QW =q0q1
!
"##
$
%&&
W =W00 W01
W10 W11
!
"##
$
%&&QW
S = 0 01 1
!"#
$%&
F = 1 10 0
!"#
$%&
O = 1 00 1
!"#
$%&
P = 0 11 0
!"#
$%&
38Monday, March 21, 2011
Temporal Paradoxes - John Ashmead http://www.timeandquantummechanics.com
Quantizing the world•For success & failure, there is no impact of
the decision: the decision qubit is lost in the environment.
•For self-fulfilling (O), the quantum mechanical matrix is 1, which passes up and down through.
•For self-defeating (P), the quantum mechanical matrix is the spin-x matrix, which flips up & down.
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39Monday, March 21, 2011
Temporal Paradoxes - John Ashmead http://www.timeandquantummechanics.com
A Market for Paradox
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Up
Buy
Down
Sell
Day 1 Day 2
…
Day 7
Bubble!
Buy
Crash!
50/50
Day 8
40Monday, March 21, 2011
Temporal Paradoxes - John Ashmead http://www.timeandquantummechanics.com
Applications
•Tests of the intersection of general relativity & quantum mechanics
•Implications for quantum computing
•Deeper understanding of philosophic issues
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41Monday, March 21, 2011
Temporal Paradoxes - John Ashmead http://www.timeandquantummechanics.com
Radical conservatism
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+ =
Lab
Tim
e Lo
op
World
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Temporal Paradoxes - John Ashmead http://www.timeandquantummechanics.com
Thanks!
•Brent Warner
•Ferne Cohen Welch
•NASA
•Jonathan Smith, Ed & Marguerite Rutkowski, Walt Mankowski, Tom Purdom, Mark Wolverton, David Bertanni, Graham Ashmead, Shelley Handen, Bruce Bloom,…
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43Monday, March 21, 2011
Temporal Paradoxes - John Ashmead http://www.timeandquantummechanics.com
Author Title Year
Thorne Black Holes & Time Warps 1994
Visser Lorentzian Wormholes 1994
Nahin Time machines : time travel in physics, metaphysics, and science fiction 1997
Gott Time Travel in Einstein’s Universe 2001
Tannor Introduction to Quantum Mechanics: a time dependent perspective 2007
Toomey The New Time Travelers 2007
Carroll From Eternity to Here 2010
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