The 13 British The 13 British ColoniesColonies

The 13 colonies can be The 13 colonies can be divided into divided into 4 regions4 regions based based

on differences in:on differences in:

Geography& resourcesGeography& resources ClimateClimate

EconomyEconomy Social or religious structureSocial or religious structure

The ChesapeakeThe Chesapeake

VirginiaVirginia MarylandMaryland

Chesapeake Colonies

1640

Land surrounding the Land surrounding the Chesapeake BayChesapeake Bay

Many deep rivers – means of Many deep rivers – means of transporting goods to European transporting goods to European marketsmarkets

The ChesapeakeThe Chesapeake

Established through joint-stock companyEstablished through joint-stock company Investors purchased stock in venture hoping Investors purchased stock in venture hoping

to reap a profit as colony prosperedto reap a profit as colony prospered London Company (later called the Virginia London Company (later called the Virginia

Company)Company) Granted royal charter from King James in Granted royal charter from King James in

1606 to establish plantations in Virginia1606 to establish plantations in Virginia

VirginiaVirginia

JamestownJamestown established in 1607established in 1607 named for King James Inamed for King James I the first permanent English settlement the first permanent English settlement thrived after colonists discovered the thrived after colonists discovered the

ease and profitability of growing ease and profitability of growing tobacco in the areatobacco in the area

1632 – Charter granted by Charles I to Lord 1632 – Charter granted by Charles I to Lord BaltimoreBaltimore

Named for Queen MaryNamed for Queen Mary Refuge for persecuted Catholics fleeing EnglandRefuge for persecuted Catholics fleeing England Protestants were welcome Protestants were welcome Catholics were instructed to practice their religion Catholics were instructed to practice their religion

discreetlydiscreetly Charter set up a social structure similar to feudal Charter set up a social structure similar to feudal

system of the Middle Agessystem of the Middle Ages

MarylandMaryland

New England New England ColoniesColonies

Massachusetts

Connecticut

Rhode Island

New Hampshire

New New England England ColoniesColonies

New England New England ColoniesColonies

Colder climate Rockier soil, but farming is

still possibleAbundant forests and

access to water

MassachusettsMassachusetts• Protestant Reformation – religious reformers

seeking to purify Anglicanism of all Catholicism

• Puritan Separatists – chose to separate entirely from the Church of England

• Obtained land patent from Virginia Company of London for land in Virginia

• Mayflower comes ashore off course in Massachusetts, instead of Virginia

• Plymouth Colony• Begins the “The Great Migration” of Puritans

to Massachusetts area

Rhode Rhode IslandIsland Founded by Roger Williams

1636 - Banished from Massachusetts

Questioned the taking of land from the Indians without payment

Questioned authority of civil leaders to enforce religious law

Colony became a model of religious tolerance for all Christian groups

Middle Middle ColoniesColoniesNew York

New Jersey

Pennsylvania

Delaware

Middle ColoniesMiddle Colonies

Middle Middle ColoniesColonies

Diversity of peopleDiversity of people Diversity of Diversity of economic economic activity activity

PennsylvanPennsylvaniaia

founded by William Penn as a refuge for

Quakers

WilliaWilliam m

PennPenn

Southern Southern ColoniesColoniesthe Carolinas

Georgia

SoutheSouthern rn

ColonieColoniess

Southern Southern ColoniesColonies

fertile farmlandfertile farmland

warmwarm

flat flat

rainyrainy

access to wateraccess to water

GeorgiaGeorgiaFounded by Founded by James James

OglethorpeOglethorpe

Refuge for debtors who Refuge for debtors who had been imprisoned in had been imprisoned in EnglandEngland