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The Aberdeen Three: Two Decades Later Terry Gustafson Senior Environmental Scientist Edgewood Chemical Biological Center

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The Aberdeen Three:

Two Decades Later

Terry Gustafson

Senior Environmental Scientist

Edgewood Chemical Biological Center

Report Documentation Page Form ApprovedOMB No. 0704-0188

Public reporting burden for the collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering andmaintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information,including suggestions for reducing this burden, to Washington Headquarters Services, Directorate for Information Operations and Reports, 1215 Jefferson Davis Highway, Suite 1204, ArlingtonVA 22202-4302. Respondents should be aware that notwithstanding any other provision of law, no person shall be subject to a penalty for failing to comply with a collection of information if itdoes not display a currently valid OMB control number.

1. REPORT DATE MAY 2012 2. REPORT TYPE

3. DATES COVERED 00-00-2012 to 00-00-2012

4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE The Aberdeen Three: Two Decades Later

5a. CONTRACT NUMBER

5b. GRANT NUMBER

5c. PROGRAM ELEMENT NUMBER

6. AUTHOR(S) 5d. PROJECT NUMBER

5e. TASK NUMBER

5f. WORK UNIT NUMBER

7. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) Edgewood Chemical Biological Center,AMSRD-ECB-PI-BP-CP/KennedyE3330 ,5183 Blackhawk RD,Aberdeen Proving Ground,MD,21010-5424

8. PERFORMING ORGANIZATIONREPORT NUMBER

9. SPONSORING/MONITORING AGENCY NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) 10. SPONSOR/MONITOR’S ACRONYM(S)

11. SPONSOR/MONITOR’S REPORT NUMBER(S)

12. DISTRIBUTION/AVAILABILITY STATEMENT Approved for public release; distribution unlimited

13. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES Presented at the NDIA Environment, Energy Security & Sustainability (E2S2) Symposium & Exhibitionheld 21-24 May 2012 in New Orleans, LA.

14. ABSTRACT

15. SUBJECT TERMS

16. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION OF: 17. LIMITATIONOF ABSTRACT

Same asReport (SAR)

18. NUMBEROF PAGES

42

19a. NAME OFRESPONSIBLE PERSON

a. REPORT unclassified

b. ABSTRACT unclassified

c. THIS PAGE unclassified

Standard Form 298 (Rev. 8-98) Prescribed by ANSI Std Z39-18

Sulfuric Acid leak

September 17, 1985

To the Gunpowder River

Sulfuric Acid leak Fish kill

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Sulfuric Acid leak Fish kill Response by APG

Clean Up Personnel

Sulfuric Acid leak Fish kill Response by APG

Clean Up Personnel

“a virtual ‘Pandora’s Box’

of potential sources of

contamination…”

Sulfuric Acid leak Fish kill Response by APG

Clean Up Personnel

“a virtual ‘Pandora’s Box’

of potential sources of

contamination…” Disgruntled

employee

Baltimore Sun

coverage

Reports desert be long list of dangers at Aberdeen plant ...,..,... ~ .... Hrtl>/------..... ...,..,. n .. ....,.. ...... _ ---........ ----..... ~.-- .. -·· ···------.-~ ..... - ..... ---... ----. r..n.--·-­_____ .. _... .... ~--­-·-·----~-------o. .. ___ _

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)Ound Orioles, 12-0: lB u< GMTF I'F.VFN, 117·114, T(l RF:ACH NBA F'IN.'\LS< 1 B

SIZZJ Ui -­"" ."" .• Probe reported on Aberdeen's toxin disposal Federal inquiry eeoters on 'pilot plmt' prccethres

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U.S. reorganizes forces in its cL."ive to halt drugs

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lAnny admits· 1plant faUlts :at Aberdeen !I C.l1emtcal we..pons

l'ESearch wUJ be · movai from facil:ty . ··. . a, Rulo:l B:tdi:lllln

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Sulfuric Acid leak Fish kill Response by APG

Clean Up Personnel

“a virtual ‘Pandora’s Box’

of potential sources of

contamination…” Disgruntled

employee

Baltimore Sun

coverage

FBI

Investigation

Sulfuric Acid leak Fish kill Response by APG

Clean Up Personnel

“a virtual ‘Pandora’s Box’

of potential sources of

contamination…” Disgruntled

employee

Baltimore Sun

coverage

FBI

Investigation Indictment Trial

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Former Aberdeen general denies knowing of prob1ems until news reports

Defense Calls Aberdeen Proviilg Ground

.Environmental Trial a 'Witcb Hunt' 3 civilian managers at Aberdeen 'turned

their back' on responsibility, jwy told

I I ,l. .. t rp 1~\1

Sulfuric Acid leak Fish kill Response by APG

Clean Up Personnel

“a virtual ‘Pandora’s Box’

of potential sources of

contamination…” Disgruntled

employee

Baltimore Sun

coverage

FBI

Investigation Indictment Conviction Trial

February 23, 1989

3 managexs found guilty in Aberdeen waste case .. ,"~'""'"'-·

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“The case marks the first time

federal officials have been

convicted of routinely violating

federal environmental laws.”

Sulfuric Acid leak Fish kill Response by APG

Clean Up Personnel

“a virtual ‘Pandora’s Box’

of potential sources of

contamination…” Disgruntled

employee

Baltimore Sun

coverage

FBI

Investigation Indictment Conviction Trial

Major Changes

• Focus on Environmental Compliance

APG

Thermal Treatment Facility 1983

“A board of officers is hereby

appointed pursuant to AR 15-6

to conduct a comprehensive

analysis of hazard

management on Aberdeen

Proving Ground”

23 May 1986

15-6 Board issued five interim

reports over the next year and

a final report on 7 May 87.

The six reports identified 124

specific directed actions, with

257 sub-elements, that were

tracked for years to

completion.

State environmental officials

inspected every facility at

CRDEC

The following substances are acute hazardous waste (H) and are subject to the exclusion defined in Regulation .05C of

this chapter:

Military K991 Waste ethyl dimethylamidocyanophosphate, also known by the common names GA and Tabun

and the following alternate chemical names: Ethyl N,N-dimethylphosphoramidocyanidate

Dimethylamidoethoxyphosphoryl cyanide

(H)

K992 Waste isopropyl methanefluorophosphonate, also known by the common names GB and Sarin and

the following alternate chemical names: Isopropyl methylphosphonofluoridate <BR> Isopropyl

ester of methylphosphonofluoridic acid

(H)

K993 Waste 3,3-dimethyl-n-but-2-yl methylphosphonofluoridate, also known by the common names GD

and Soman and the following alternate chemical names:

Pinacolyl methylphosphonofluoridate

1,2,2-trimethylpropyl methylphosphonofluoridate

Pinacoloxymethylphosphoryl fluoride

(H)

K994 Waste O-ethyl S-(2-dissopropyl-aminoethyl) methylphosphonothioate also know by the common

name VX

(H)

K995 Waste chlorovinylarsine dichloride, also known by the common names L and Lewisite and the

following alternative chemical names: Dichloro (2-chlorovinyl) arsine 2-chlorovinyldichlorarsine

(H)

K996 Waste phenarsazine chloride, also known by the common names DM and Adamsite (H)

K997 Waste bis(2-chloroethyl) sulfide, also known by the common names sulfur mustard, H, HS, and

HD, which is distilled sulfur mustard

(H)

K998 Waste 2-2'-di(3-chloroethylthio)-diethyl ether, also know by the common name T and the

following alternate chemical name: Bis-(2-chloroethylthioethyl) ether

(H)

K999 Waste, lethal, military warfare agents having any substances identified in the listings for hazardous

waste numbers K991 through K998 as their active or principal ingredient or ingredients, such as

HT, which is a mixture of sulfur mustard and bis-(2-chloroethylthioethyl) ether

(H)

January 30, 1987 – The Maryland Solid and Hazardous Waste

Management Administration issued an emergency regulation listing

waste military chemical agents and residues from the treatment of

agents as hazardous waste.

“… the following is hereby ORDERED by the

Director, Hazardous and Solid Waste

Management Administration, and

CONSENTED to by the Aberdeen Proving

Ground:”

August 1988

“As one part of our offensive

to achieve compliance with all

applicable Federal, State, and

local laws, regulations, and

directives relating to safety,

security, surety, environment,

and management/disposal of

hazardous waste, first line

supervisors will, until further

notice, personally perform

biweekly inspections of all

areas under their control.”

August 1988

“This statement reflects

current compliance

status to the best of my

knowledge.”

December 1988

Major Changes

• Focus on Environmental Compliance

• Environmental Program

Environmental Quality Office Mission

We continually strive to understand our customer’s needs

while keeping abreast of current and future environmental

issues and new legislation/regulations which may impact

the Center, our customers and their programs.

The ECBC Environmental Quality Office (EQO) consists of

a multi-disciplined team of scientists and engineers who

provide a full range of environmental services in the

areas of compliance, conservation and pollution

prevention. The office has expertise in environmental

issues related to Chemical Biological Defense research,

development, testing and acquisition.

Technical expertise in compliance matters minimizes

environmental risks for projects, whether in the lab

or on the range. We employ pollution prevention

strategies to lower lifecycle costs and impacts to the

environment.

“The fulfillment of our

national defense mission

depends on our individual

and organizational

commitment to conserving

resources and protecting the

environment in which we live

and work.”

Environmental Quality Control

Committee (EQCC)

Water/Wastewater

Subcommittee

Solid & Hazardous

Waste Subcommittee

National Environmental

Policy Act (NEPA)

Subcommittee

Natural Resources

Subcommittee

Environmental

Management System

(EMS) Subcommittee

Pollution

Prevention (P2)

Subcommittee

Air

Subcommittee

Major Changes

• Focus on Environmental Compliance

• Environmental Program

• Relationship with State and Public

Maryland Department of the Environment 1800 Washington Boulevard, Bai!Jmore, MD 21230 http://www.mde.state.md.us

Steve11 John son Prine ipal Co~S<!I

ornce or the Allorney Oen01al Kai~ M.I(l"- ll

I GOVERNOR I DavidA. Coltelo

Michele B•nes Supervlslng Anorney

Envronrnental CMiesUnC

...

. Deputy s"crelary I I Robert summers

secret<WY IL Deputy Secretary

PolitY & PlarNng Oper~Jtions S. Regulatory J.:-------.-------1 Progrllms

'=:===;;====:!! L-- ....................... ................................................................... ~---------···

~· ............ ----.-- ... -----· ·--- .. --..... ---------.-- .... - ..... ... .. .. .. .. -·- .... .. --- - - - ·~· ............. .... .. ...... .... .. .

SUe Bllltle-Nc:Donald erector 11-----l

MOE Sial

Donna Dancy OI,_CIOr Aud1

F. Tyrone Hr~ FalrPraclusl

Equal Opportumy Otf

JomesPun.is Oreucr

lnfonrsbon r­Minagemenl s.

Technology

T 81TI W11so n Director

B Ullget s. F narn:lng

~Khuman Dlraclor WQFA

I SURnScOtlO

Or eel or Operational Services

Admnrstrallon

Human Resources Fiscal Services Procurement & Co11rae1 Managemant Certral Servtces Operational Servrces s. Managemerl Planl'lng & Prolecl Management

W.lld Saffourl OlreCIOr ECCP

Richard Esllln Director

SCience Services Adrnnistrabon

Envorormentol Hnllll TMDL Techrical Dwelopmert Wat01 Qualey Montorng Env•orrnenlal As.1ewnent water Qualey Reslorabon & Protection Operauonal & Admnlstrallvt ServiCes

Htl<llller Barthel On ector

Leglslatrve & Jrterga.ernmtnlal Affairs

Sil"nantha K-­Oueetor Corn-nunlullonsiPIA

-

Brlgld E. Konney Senior PolttY Actvlsor

Vacant Diectcr

Pemwts and Regulatory Rerorm

w. Thoonas Levering - Director, Emergency

Pre~rednessPiannng

Geor110 Ab<lrn Horaclo Tall! ada J<t~Sal<al D-etter Drettcr On ector

AI &Radlatlln Land M anagemenl water Management M.nagemert A dmnlstralmn Adrnnostrotion

Admhlstrallon Lead Poosoning Co"1'1r.nee

Ai Qualey Pemwts Prervenuon Pro<Jam A i Qualey Plannng Solid Waste Wast*Water Permls Ar Oualey Waste Olvel$lon & WeUands& COIT1llrWIC8 Materials Waterw.~ys Air Qualey Management Water SuPply Monrtorlng Land Restorauon Sedlmen~ M clllle Sourtes Program Slomwater & Oam Con~ol OICOnlrOI Safety Radrologul Heal!h Recyclng & Operabonal & 0 peratlonal & Operabont Admhlstralllt Admnlstrallte Mlnang Servkes Services Operational

Services

Much better relationship with public

Major Changes

• Focus on Environmental Compliance

• Environmental Program

• Relationship with State and Public

• Compliance status

Inspection Date of Inspection Regulation

Requiring

Inspection

Summary of Inspection

Results

EPA / MDE Annual 30-Aug-10

40 CFR 261 et

seq

no adverse findings;

positive comments made

1st quarter 19-Dec-10

COMAR 26.13,

APGR 200-60

Minor findings noted at

four facilities. All

corrected.

2nd quarter 3-Mar-10

COMAR 26.23,

APGR 200-60 no deficiencies noted

3rd quarter 24-May-10

COMAR 26.23,

APGR 200-60 no deficiencies noted

4th quarter 23-24 Aug 10

COMAR 26.23,

APGR 200-60 no deficiencies noted

MDE Annual 2-Apr-10 Title V permit no deficiencies noted

1st quarter 1-Dec-09 Title V permit

no findings or

deficiencies

2nd quarter 15-Mar-10 Title V permit

no findings or

deficiencies

3rd quarter 9-Jun-10 Title V permit

no findings or

deficiencies

4th quarter Title V permit

Hazardous

inventory tracking

system (HITS)

validation Garrison Annual 8-18 Mar 10 none Passed w/ 95.8%

HAZARDOUS

WASTE -

Temporary Storage

Sites (TSS) and

Permitted Facilities

Garrison Quarterly

Title V Air

inspection

Garrison Quarterly

Remember the

Lessons of History

THE END