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AKU Annual Reports Publications

2001

The Aga Khan University Progress Report :2000-2001Aga Khan University

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Recommended CitationAga Khan University, "The Aga Khan University Progress Report : 2000-2001" (2001). AKU Annual Reports. Book 4.http://ecommons.aku.edu/aku_report/4

THE AGA KHAN UNIVERSITY

PROGRESS REPORT2000-2001

The Imamat

Economic Development

Aga Khan Fund for Economic Development

Tourism Promotion Services

FinancialServices

Industrial Promotion Services

Aga Khan Award for

Architecture

Education and Culture Programme

Historic Cities Support

Programme

Aga Khan Education Services

Aga Khan Health Services

Aga Khan Planning and Building Services

Aga Khan Foundation

Aga KhanUniversity

University of Central Asia

Aga Khan Trust for Culture

Social Development

Culture

Aga Khan Development Network

Aga Khan Development Network

Aga Khan University is part of Aga Khan Development Network, a group of private international development agencies,founded by His Highness the Aga Khan, which work in the developing countries of Asia and Africa. Aga Khan Foundation focuseson rural development, health, education, and the enhancement of non-governmental organisations. Its programmes includeAga Khan Rural Support Programmes and Mountain Societies Development Support Programme. Aga Khan Education Servicesoperates more than 300 schools and advanced educational programmes at the pre-school, primary, secondary and highersecondary levels in Pakistan, India, Bangladesh, Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania and Tajikistan. Aga Khan Health Services, with 325health centres, dispensaries, hospitals, diagnostic centres and community health outlets, is one of the most comprehensive non-profit health care systems in the developing world. Aga Khan Planning and Building Services provides material and technicalassistance to many rural and urban areas in Asia and Africa. Aga Khan Fund for Economic Development works to strengthen therole of the private sector in developing countries by promoting entrepreneurial activity and supporting private sector initiatives.The University of Central Asia, based in Khorog, Tajikistan, the world’s first university dedicated exclusively to education andresearch on mountain regions and societies, is also part of the Network.

For further information, readers are invited to visit Aga Khan Development Network website at www.akdn.org

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1 Foreword

3 Aga Khan University

5 University Focus● Aga Khan University Faculty of Health Sciences

● Aga Khan University Medical College● Aga Khan University School of Nursing

● Aga Khan University Hospital● Aga Khan University Institute for Educational

Development● Aga Khan University Institute for the Study of

Muslim Civilisations

19 University in the Community

24 Research and Development Highlights

26 Seminar and Conference Highlights

30 Major University Partners and Supporters

31 New Facilities

32 Financial Information

36 University Overview

38 University Governance and Board of Trustees

Contents

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“This is an important moment in the history of AKU for a number of reasons. The first is

that AKU has become a genuinely national institution. It is engaged in addressing national

needs by developing high quality human resources in the fields of health and education,

engaging in problem-oriented research, working with government on policy issues, and

reaching out to become directly involved in upgrading the delivery of critical social

services at the local and regional levels. The second is that, with the decision to establish

the College of Arts and Sciences (now known as Faculty of Arts and Sciences), AKU will

take the major step of moving beyond professional education toward becoming a

comprehensive university in its classical form. The third is that the establishment of the

Advanced Nursing Programme in East Africa, and of the Institute of Islamic Civilisations

(now known as Institute for the Study of Muslim Civilisations) in London, give life to the

University as a Pakistani institution with an international mandate, reaching out as an

expression of Pakistan into the international community.”

Chancellor His Highness the Aga Khan

13th Convocation of Aga Khan University

Karachi, October 2000

Chancellor His Highness the Aga Khan presenting the M.B., B.S. degree to Dr. Rushdia Zareen, class of 2000, recipient of theUniversity’s coveted Gold Medal.

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Foreword

In a region undergoing major social andpolitical adjustments, Aga KhanUniversity (AKU) - an importantcomponent of Aga Khan DevelopmentNetwork (AKDN) - is an agent of change.Through its high academic standards inprogrammes relevant to the needs of adeveloping society, its work as a dialoguepartner with government on issues ofhealth and education policy, and itsdelivery of critical social services at thelocal and regional levels, AKU is exertinga national impact in Pakistan. In the lasttwo years, with the launch of academicprogrammes outside Pakistan, it hasestablished itself as an internationalinstitution.

This review of AKU's progress in 2000-2001 highlights important new initiativesand developments that go towardsrealising the vision of the University'sfounder, His Highness the Aga Khan. Itcovers the establishment, at the request ofthe respective governments, of anAdvanced Nursing Studies programme inUganda, which is to be followed soon inKenya and Tanzania. The programme willupgrade the skills and career developmentopportunities of in-service nurses. Also inEast Africa, AKU's Institute forEducational Development is in theprocess of setting up ProfessionalDevelopment Centres to enhance theskills of teachers and schooladministrators in the region. The reviewdescribes the planning processes leadingto the establishment of an Institute forthe Study of Muslim Civilisations inLondon, UK, in 2001. This new Institutewill give expression to the University'sMuslim identity in an international

context, focusing on educationalprogrammes and research on thecontributions made by Islamiccivilisations to modern society. Finally,the review tells how the University'smedical and nursing alumni arereturning from graduate studiesoverseas and establishing themselvesas contributing members of AKUfaculty.

To meet the expanding needs of existingprogrammes and the demand for neweducation and service initiatives,important new buildings have been builton the Health Sciences campus in Karachiover the past two years. Construction alsobegan on other new facilities. TheChancellor, His Highness the Aga Khan,

inaugurated the Juma Building forresearch, which incorporates Pakistan'sfirst Bio-Safety Level III laboratory, andthe Ibn Ridwan Building for CommunityHealth Sciences. A Sports andRehabilitation Centre was commemorated,

Shamsh Kassim-Lakha, President, AKU (left), with Dr. Robert Baker, Provost.

and the foundation stone was laid for theNazerali-Walji Ambulatory Care Building.Construction was begun on the KhimjiCardiac Care Building, and plans werenearing completion for the new Women'sResidences to house professional womenseeking the secure environment of theUniversity campus.

The University is grateful for thegenerosity of its donors in Pakistanand around the world for their support,for these facilities, as well as themany young people who contributed tothe new Sports and RehabilitationCentre.

While the programmes of the Universitycontinue to expand, and new buildingsare constructed to accommodate them,great care is taken to ensure themaintenance and strengthening ofexisting programmes and activities. Inthe Medical College and the School ofNursing, the high standards of teachingand scholarship that have become ahallmark of AKU continue to exert apositive impact on the quality of carein its associated teaching facility,Aga Khan University Hospital (AKUH).

The ISO 9002 certification received in1999 for six departments of AKUH,has now been extended to the entirefacility, making AKUH the first teachinginstitution in Pakistan and one of the fewin the world to receive this distinction.This gives us a solid foundation foraiming at the more important qualitybenchmark of the Joint CommissionInternational’s Certificate ofAccreditation in 2003.

A recent development of greatsignificance is the decision by theChancellor and the Board of Trustees toestablish Aga Khan UniversityFaculty of Arts and Sciences, on a new400-acre campus in Karachi. Whilethe inauguration is some years away,conceptualisation and planning ofthis new faculty has begun in earnest.With this decision, and following theChancellor's gift in 2000 of Rs. 1,230million (US $20.5 million) for itsplanning activities includingacquisition of land, AKU has taken themajor step of moving beyond professionaleducation towards becoming acomprehensive university in itsclassical form.

As both a national and internationalinstitution, AKU faces many challenges.Yet, in spite of the geo-political situationand the ongoing challenge of recruitingand retaining faculty and staff, itcontinues to move forward whilemaintaining the quality of its existingeducational and several researchprogrammes. The achievements andinitiatives described in these pages are atribute to the vision of the University'sChancellor; the wisdom of its Board ofTrustees; the dedication of its faculty andstaff; the cooperation of its many partnersin other universities and agencies,including AKDN; and the devotion of itsmany volunteers and donors. It is to theircredit that AKU strives to be a source ofhope and enlightenment in the developingworld.

Shamsh Kassim-Lakha, S.I.President

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Founded by His Highness the Aga Khanand chartered in 1983 as Pakistan’s firstprivate university, AKU’s objective is topromote human welfare in general, andthe welfare of the people of Pakistan inparticular, by disseminating knowledgeand providing instruction, training,research and service in the healthsciences, education and such otherbranches of learning as the Universitymay determine. It occupies a pivotalplace within Aga Khan DevelopmentNetwork.

Through its Medical College, School ofNursing and teaching Hospital, itsInstitute for Educational Development andnow through its Institute for the Study ofMuslim Civilisations, the Universityeducates while contributing to thedevelopment of the areas in which itoperates.

A University Open to All

AKU is a non-denominational institutionopen to all, irrespective of religion,ethnicity, gender or national origin. Forty-four percent of the University’s faculty arewomen, many in senior posts. Fiftypercent of students in the Medical Collegeare also women. The University’sadmissions policy is needs-blind andbased on merit. Over 33 percent of thestudents receive financial aid.

The University’s Impact

The University’s programmes havecontributed to improving the lives of thepeople in Karachi and beyond. Oneprogramme developed in Karachi's"katchi abadis" (squatter settlements), has

resulted in halving infant mortalityat an annual cost of Rs. 240 (US $4)per child, a decline several times therate in comparable non-interventionareas. The leading causes of infant andchild death are related to factors suchas poor antenatal nutrition, unsafedeliveries, low immunisation coverageand inadequate supplies of potablewater. These factors, therefore, havebeen the specific targets of AKUinterventions through broad-basedinitiatives such as communityleadership development, and training(formal and informal) of localpractitioners, to more specificinterventions such as water qualityimprovements, promotion of breastfeeding, iron supplementation inpregnancy, promotion of family planning,

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Aga Khan University

PAKISTAN

NEPAL

KARACHI

BANGLADESH

TAJIKISTAN

UGANDAKENYA

TANZANIA

PAKISTAN

UNITED KINGDOM

LONDON

GILGIT

KARACHIDUBAI

NEPAL

During 2000 and 2001, AKU programmeswere started in Bangladesh, East Africa(Kenya, Uganda and Tanzania), Nepaland Tajikistan and a RepresentativeOffice in Dubai established in 2002.

Aga Khan University has four teaching sites:Karachi (2); Gilgit (1) and London (1).

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and improved immunisation coverage.This process, which was monitored andevaluated over the past decade, hasproduced valuable data and research.

AKU’s programmes are designed to have amultiplier effect, their impact growing inmagnitude every year. The in-serviceteacher education programme, forexample, may start with a relatively smallnumber of teachers, but when thoseteachers in turn, train others, the impactis far greater. The University’s impact goesbeyond numbers – the nursing programmehas not only raised the status of theprofession, but also the quality of overallcare, and is being adopted and adapted byother universities in the country. At thesame time, it has raised the status ofwomen by providing positive role models.

An Ethical Framework

While the University sets its sights onthe latest breakthroughs in healthsciences and technology, as well as theapplication of well-proven andappropriate technologies that have beeninsufficiently applied in Pakistan, it alsoseeks to integrate systems of values,

ethics and principles. In doing so, AKU

is an important force for pluralism,teaching the skills of critical thinking,analysis and problem-solving, whileinculcating moral reasoning, ethics andrespect for others.

Future Directions

In its first two decades, AKU’s major focuswas in the fields of health and education.In the decade ahead, the University plansto step beyond professional educationtowards becoming a comprehensiveuniversity.

Following the liberal arts model, a Facultyof Arts and Sciences will be establishedon a new campus in Karachi. It willdevelop skills in critical thinking andanalysis, raise proficiency in verbal andwritten communication, enhance humanresource development in the region, andadvance understanding in particularacademic disciplines.

Another programme under consideration isan Institute of Human Development,which will be dedicated to advancing theunderstanding of the effects andconditions of early childhood onsubsequent well-being and performance,

and the application of thisunderstanding to thedevelopment of interventions andevaluation to assess theirpotential efficacy andapplicability.

For further information, readersare invited to visit Aga KhanUniversity website atwww.aku.edu

School ofNursing(1980)

MedicalCollege(1983)

Aga Khan University

Aga KhanUniversityHospital(1985)

Institute forEducationalDevelopment

(1993)

Institute forthe Study of

MuslimCivilisations

(2001)

Faculty ofArts and

Sciences*

Faculty of Health

Sciences

* Under planning

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University FocusFaculty of Health Sciences

The Faculty of Health Sciences (FHS),which includes the Medical College andthe School of Nursing, was planned withthe support of Harvard, McGill andMcMaster Universities. Both these

educational components equip studentsfor the practice of curative and preventivemedicine, as well as for the many factorsaffecting the health of both individualsand communities. This holistic approachprovides students with the skillsnecessary to address the health needs ofthe people of Pakistan and the developingworld.

Medical College

The curriculum of the Medical Collegeemphasises both medical care for patientswith complex multiple pathologies and

community-based primary care.Students acquire experience ofclinical care in Aga KhanUniversity Hospital (AKUH),and of primary care extensivelyin Karachi’s poorestneighbourhoods.

The first two years of theM.B., B.S. curriculum aredevoted largely to the basicsciences, followed by threeyears of clinical education andtraining. Over the past threeyears, the faculty has workedstrenuously to modify thecourse of study to incorporateproblem-based learning withthe integration of the teachingof basic, clinical andcommunity health sciences.

This shift, in line withinternational practice, will usestudent-centred small grouplearning in addition to lectures,

demonstrations and laboratoryexperiences. There will be an increasedemphasis on elective and researchexperiences, communication and clinicalskills. There will also be opportunities tostudy subjects in the humanities andsocial sciences as they relate to medicine.The new curriculum will be introduced inOctober 2002.

Research at AKU forms an integral part of its academic programmes.

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The Ph.D. programme in Health Sciencesis the first of its kind in Pakistan. Itconsists of a first year of coursework,followed by three years of researchleading to a thesis. Research opportunitiesexist in the areas of basic sciences,infectious diseases, nutrition, and cancer,amongst others. Nine students wereenrolled in the programme in 2001.

Community-Based HealthSciences

The Medical College’s Department ofCommunity Health Sciences (CHS) is aleader in community-based education inPakistan. It works with communities inboth urban and rural settings. It seeks toassist communities in developing theirown leadership and resources so as tocreate self-sustaining health systems.

In early 1999, CHS concluded a two-yearstrategic planning process. As a result ofthis exercise, it now has four divisions and

one special programme. The divisions arebased on their disciplinary scope andtheir responsibility for formal educationprogramme(s). The new divisions are:Epidemiology and Biostatistics, FamilyMedicine, Health Systems and PublicHealth Practice. In recognition of itsspecial significance in overall publichealth in Pakistan, a special programmeon Reproductive Health (RH) was alsointroduced.

Addressing the Need for HealthManagement Professionals

To address the urgent need for trainedpersonnel in health management inPakistan, AKU launched its new Master ofScience (M.Sc.) programme in HealthPolicy and Management (HPM) in 2000.The two-year programme trainsprofessionals to lead health systemsresearch, assess and implement health andsocial sector policy, and strategically planand manage health systems at all levels.

Over the past five years, CHS has developed a Rural Community Development Project (RCDP) in support of two communitiesin southern Sindh: Nara and Kirthar.

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Faculty of Health Sciences

The programme is an initiative of CHS.Courses are integrated with those of theM.Sc. in Epidemiology and Biostatisticsduring the first year, and provide foremphasis on policy or managementduring the second. With itsmultidisciplinary faculty, the departmentis ideally placed and equipped fordeveloping broadly based healthprofessionals, expertise in health systemsresearch, and active links withinstitutions within the public and privatesectors. A special feature of theprogramme is a three-month trainingperiod at the end of the first year thatprovides exposure to relevant healthservice policies and managementenvironments. The HPM programme isdesigned for an annual intake of 15students.

Over the past five years, CHS has alsodeveloped a Rural CommunityDevelopment Project (RCDP) insupport of two communities in southernSindh: the opening of a new health centrein Nara, and the upgrading of an existingfacility in Kirthar.

Support to InternationalProgrammes

During 2000, CHS faculty supportedhealth projects in Kenya, Tajikistan andnorthern Pakistan. It also helped theExpanded Programme on Immunisation inAfghanistan and the development of anational survey in Nepal. The CHSContinuing Education Programme(formerly Regional Training Programme -RTP) has provided continuing publichealth education to 721 participants in 42

courses. These include 132 trained inKenya and 114 international participantsfrom 11 countries.

School of Nursing

Established in 1980, Aga Khan UniversitySchool of Nursing (AKU-SON) was thefirst academic component of AKU and itsFaculty of Health Sciences. The Schooloffers several programmes in nursing,including a three-year DiplomaProgramme, a four-year Generic B.Sc.N.and a two-year Post R.N., B.Sc.N. andPakistan’s first Master of Science inNursing (M.Sc.N.) which started inOctober 2001.

Since its inception, the School has playeda leading role in establishing in Pakistanan internationally acceptable model fornursing education and practice, and hastrained 1,586 nurses. The community-oriented values and high quality ofeducation at the School have been pivotalin changing public perceptions towardsthe nursing profession and its role inhealth care, as well as enhancing its statuson a national and regional level. TheCanadian International DevelopmentAgency (CIDA) and McMaster Universityhave provided valuable assistance toAKU-SON and continue to be its strategicpartners.

Advanced Nursing StudiesProgramme Expands to EastAfrica

The University’s first academic initiativeoutside Pakistan, the Advanced NursingStudies (ANS) programme, began in East

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Africa in 2001. Developed at the requestof the governments and nursing leaders ofKenya, Uganda and Tanzania, it isdesigned to improve the quality of patientcare by encouraging practising nurses toenhance their expertise through thepursuit of higher education.

Innovative teaching methods and amodular curriculum characterise coursesin nursing practice, research, educationand management, and provide nurses withopportunities to acquire higher educationwithout leaving their workplace.

In Uganda, following accreditation by theMinistry of Education in 2000, facultyand students were recruited and classesstarted in January 2001. In Kenya and

Tanzania, the accreditation process issubstantially under way, as are otheractivities including the acquisition,renovation and equipping of theacademic facilities, and the initialrecruitment of faculty and staff.

Important Landmark for NursingProfession in Pakistan

Pakistan became the first Muslim countryto achieve chapter status in the SigmaTheta Tau International (STTI) globalnetwork when, in 2000, Aga KhanUniversity School of Nursing HonorSociety received its Charter. STTI is aninternational honour society of nursing,with more than a quarter of a millionmembers representing 94 countries. It has

Since its inception, the School of Nursing has played a leading role in establishing in Pakistan an internationally acceptedmodel for nursing education and practice, and has trained 1,586 nurses.

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406 chapters in colleges and universitiesin Australia, Canada, China, South Korea,Taiwan and the United States. Thislinkage is particularly significant becauseit assists in enhancing nursingeducation, research and practice in Pakistan.

Access to Education

The Educational Support Programmeprovides relief to those students who areunable to afford the highly subsidisedtuition fees of the Medical College or theSchool of Nursing. At AKU, student feespay for an average of only 23 percent ofthe cost of their education.

In 2001, Rs. 46.5 million (US $0.8million) was awarded to 309 students, or33 percent of the entire student body inthe Faculty of Health Sciences.

The Track 1 programmewas developed in 1989 toenhance the success ofwomen from disadvantagedrural and urban areas incompleting the R.N.diploma programme. Thesestudents who met the basicentrance criteria for theR.N. diploma programmereceived intensive coursework in mathematics,English and sciencethrough the Track 1programme. Thesepreparatory courses ofTrack 1 facilitate successin the R.N. diplomaprogramme giving studentsadditional e n c o u r a g e m e n t

and basic skills to complete their R.N.diploma. Currently, 155 young women havecompleted this 18-week programme andhave gone on to graduate from the R.N.diploma programme.

In 2001, the New Zealand OverseasDevelopment Assistance providedAKU-SON sponsorships worth Rs. 2.9million (US $0.05 million) for 11 nursingstudents from the preparatory Track Iprogramme leading to Diploma inNursing. The scholarships cover the fullcost for the five-month preparatoryperiod and the three-year diplomaprogramme.

In the early 90s, the Women’s Division ofthe Government of Pakistan had alsoprovided Rs. 1.5 million (US $0.03million) over five years to AKU-SON forthe students of the Track I programme.

Faculty of Health Sciences

In 2001, His Highness the Aga Khan received the prestigious Archon Award from theinternational honour society of nursing, Sigma Theta Tau International. The award citationhighlighted the Aga Khan’s “leadership in promoting global health and welfare and for hiscompassionate support of nursing research in developing countries”.

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Aga Khan University Hospital (AKUH) isa private academic medical centrecommitted to providing the best optionsfor diagnosis of disease and teammanagement of patient care, backed up bythe highest doctor/patient andnurse/patient ratios in the city, as well asall support services. AKUH is theintegrated health care delivery unit ofAKU. Its mission is to provide exemplarycare while remaining self-sustaining andaccessible to all patients.

The 500-bed Hospital is equipped tohandle medical, surgical, obstetric andgynaecology, paediatric and psychiatricpatients.

Patients are treated by teams ofprofessionals comprising medicalconsultants, residents, medical officers,

nurses, senior medical students, nursingstudents and other health professionals.Services are available to all patients,regardless of their ability to pay.

ISO 9002 Certification

In 2000, AKUH became the firstteaching hospital in Pakistan to becompletely ISO 9002 certified. It nowhas the distinction of being one of thefirst teaching hospitals in theworld to receive this prestigiouscertification.

The ISO journey began in August 1997and culminated in April 1999, whensix AKUH departments receivedISO 9002 certification. A decision wasthen taken to have the entire Hospitalcertified in the year 2000. A team offive auditors from AIB-VincotteInternational Limited of Belgiumcarried out the final two-day audit.

The auditors were impressed withAKUH’s level of compliance to theISO 9002 Quality ManagementSystem, and announced that theHospital would be recommended forcertification, which it subsequentlyreceived in June 2000. The ISO 9002certification further ensures compliancewith the highest standards of patient care.

Multidisciplinary Clinical Teams

Rapid changes in health care deliveryare reshaping the role of health careprofessionals. The emergence of newhealth care systems demandcollaboration among members of thehealth care team, in order to achieve the

University Hospital

The team of international auditors reviewing the systems and processes of patientrecords as part of the ISO 9002 certification audit.

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common goal of improved patient healthand well-being.

A multidisciplinary team was formed in1998, under the leadership of Dr. MushtaqAhmed, the Hassanali Sajan Professorand Chairman, Department of Surgery,and Khurshid Khowaja, AssociateDirector, Nursing Services, to enhanceclinical quality in the delivery ofpatient care on surgical services. Theteam comprises surgeons, nurses,administrative representatives, ananaesthesiologist and residents ofvarious specialities. In evaluationsundertaken in 2000, it was establishedthat, working collaboratively, the teammade several notable improvements:80-85 percent attendance at combined

morning rounds by residents, nurses,physiotherapists, nutritionists; improvednutritional and physiotherapy assessmentof patients; and development of a patient-family education programme. Anadditional achievement was thedevelopment, implementation andevaluation of 13 clinical pathways anda process of variance tracking.

Trauma Teams

Trauma teams are built to takeadvantage of a multidisciplinaryapproach to emergency care. The teamat AKUH comprises a trauma surgeon,an emergency room consultant,general surgery and neurosurgeryresidents, an anaesthesia resident anda radiographer.

Trauma teams are built to take advantage of a multidisciplinary approach to emergency medicine.

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Trauma patients generally have multipleinjuries, and multidisciplinary traumateams ensure that simultaneous andspecialised action is taken in caseswhere time is of the essence.

Patient Welfare ProgrammeAssists Needy Patients

The Hospital’s tiered price structureenables patients in need to receivesubsidised medical care of the same highquality as full-paying patients. In 2001,23,505 patients received medical care tothe value of Rs. 209 million (US $3.5million) through direct remission.

This was in addition to the subsidies theHospital provides to all general wardpatients whose charges are fixed belowthe actual cost. One in every five patientsadmitted to the general ward is a welfare-assisted patient.

Since the inception of the programme in1986, Rs. 826 million (US$13.8 million)have been spent, benefiting 170,452 needypatients. This has been greatly facilitated bythe strong support provided by donors.

The financial needs of patients aredetermined by objective criteria, and allpatients are encouraged to make somecontribution to their medical costs.

Ad d i t i o n a l l y, in 2001, a group of well wishersand friends started "The Patients BehbudSociety for AKUH", through which zaka tcontributions are received and disbursed tothe "mustahaqeen" (deserving).

“They worked together to savemy life”

Twenty-five years old Reza was rushed intothe emergency room with poly-trauma(multiple injuries) following an accidentbetween his car and an out-of-controltruck.

A trauma rush call was immediatelyactivated. The team started the complicateddiagnostic procedure as it struggled to keepthe patient’s heart rate and blood pressureunder control.

A physical examination of his ribs revealedfractures and a massive build-up of airand blood in his chest, indicating internalbleeding. The patient started showingsigns of shock and a compromised bloodflow to the brain: he was pale, sweaty andsleepy.

The trauma team gave him IV fluids byinflating the pressure bags to replace bloodloss. Simultaneously, a diagnosticprocedure on his abdomen revealedinternal bleeding as well.

The trauma team identified the patient ashaving multiple fractures and an injuredspleen and he was moved to the operatingroom for surgery.

A week later, on the road to recovery,Reza specially thanked the trauma teamwhose timely efforts and diagnosis savedhis life.

Access to Hospital services

Analysis of patient utilisation datarevealed that users of Hospital servicesreside in all parts of the city. In 2001, 74percent of patients were from low tomiddle income areas.

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University Hospital

“Suddenly life became mymost fragile possession”

Sajid, 54, a carpenter in Gilgit, was wellknown in the area for his mastery of thecraft.

Some time ago, he suffered severe pains inhis stomach. He went to a hospital in Gilgitwhere the doctors, unable to diagnose hisserious condition, advised him to go toAKUH in Karachi.

At AKUH, Sajid was diagnosed withcancer of the urinary bladder. Surgery wasurgently needed, costing an estimatedRs. 160,000 (US $2,667). Sajid wasdismayed and had second thoughts aboutgoing through with the procedure which hecould not afford.

He met with the Patient Welfare Officer whoexplained the seriousness of his medicalcondition, assured him of all possibleassistance and encouraged him to go aheadwith the surgery.

During the pre-operation tests, themultidisciplinary approach of the teamof doctors looking after Sajid revealedthat he also had a very weak heart,which required coronary angiography.Sajid was totally demoralised andwanted to return home and allow fateto take its course.

The surgeons, however, were of the opinionthat despite complications, Sajid had a verygood prognosis and could hope to lead along and productive life following bothsurgeries. He first underwent the coronarybypass surgery, and subsequently had hiscancer removed.

The cost of the two surgeries amounted toRs. 665,350 (US $11,089), out of which thePatient Welfare Programme contributed68.7 percent or Rs. 457,365 (US $7,623).Both surgeries were successful and a fullyrecovered Sajid returned to his nativeGilgit.

“I was disheartened, and thoughtsurgeries for heart and cancertreatment were not for poor people likeme, as the cost was beyond my pocket.But when I came to know about thePatient Welfare Department, my hopesof recovery revived.”

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Institute for Educational Development

Aga Khan University’s Institute forEducational Development (AKU-IED) wasfounded in 1993 to contribute to theimprovement of the quality, effectiveness,relevance and outreach of educationsystems in Pakistan and other developingcountries. Its philosophy is based on thepromotion of activity-based learning andreflective practice, contrary to the generalnorm in the country - - - rote learning.During its first eight years, AKU-IEDdeveloped a series of educationalinitiatives that form the basis of a coherentapproach to educational improvement.AKU-IED offers Visiting TeacherProgrammes (VTPs), advanced diplomasin Teaching and Management and amasters degree in Teacher Education.

AKU-IED aims to: ● Tailor its programmes to the realities

and constraints of developing countrycontexts, using a field-basedapproach to professionaldevelopment;

● Focus on quality improvements inclassrooms and schools, mainlythrough teacher development,improved school management, andmore appropriate pedagogy,curriculum and assessment;

● Ground its programmes in research,which is relevant to schoolimprovement, designed to informinnovative practice and leads topractical outcomes;

● Raise awareness in teacher educators,teachers and students of the state oftheir physical, social, economic andcultural environment, as well as theirrole in contributing to itsimprovement.

Built at the centre of a city block inKarachi that contains five schools(ranging from pre-primary to secondary)managed by Aga Khan EducationService, Pakistan (AKES,P), the Instituteis devoted to the training of schoolteachers and Professional DevelopmentTeachers (PDTs) who, in turn, teachothers in their own districts. This"multiplier" effect has had a significantimpact on school quality throughoutKarachi and Pakistan. More than 50schools in Karachi send their teachersfor training to the Institute.

AKU-IED’s Multiplier Effect

The multiplier effect is three-fold.First, every teacher works directly with30 or 40 students in each class, soeven by the most conservative estimate,the programme has directly impactedover 40,000 students.

The second planned multiplier is that of"critical mass" – the concept of attemptingto target client co-operating schools andto provide for each of them a group ofgraduates who together, as a criticalmass within the school, will be agents ofchange.

The third and essential multiplier isensuring that these teachers aresupported in their endeavours bytheir school heads, their principalsand their district education officers.This is done through two programmesaimed at administrators and schoolmanagers, the Certificate in EducationManagement for Administrators, andthe Advanced Diploma in SchoolManagement, which target aspiring

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and current heads and principals.These programmes introduce them tow h at is a new concept for many – thatmanagers in education need not be onlyform-filling administrators but rather thatthey can and should be instructionalleaders in a variety of ways.

Master of Education (TeacherEducation) Programme

The two-year Master of Education(M.Ed.) programme in Teacher Educationseeks to fulfill the mission of the Instituteto bring about reform and improvement ineducation in the developing world. Theprogramme emphasises the role of ateacher educator as a reflectivepractitioner and aims to prepare educatorsto design and implement sounddecisions in order to deal with thecomplexities of teaching and learningin their own context. Graduates ofthe M.Ed. programme engage inschool improvement activities in theirown schools and systems.

Visiting Teacher Programmes

Graduates of AKU- I E D’s M.Ed. programmealso conduct eight-week VTPs underA KU- I E D f a c u l t y’s supervision. Theprogramme aims at enhancing the qualityof classroom teaching and learning indifferent subject areas. It also provides thegraduates with the opportunity toimplement learning from M.Ed.programme. The Institute provides furtherintensive and specialist study forgraduates of the VTPs in the form of one-year part-time, Advanced Diplomaprogrammes in Subject Specialisation.

School-Based Visiting TeacherProgramme

In order to increase the application,and thereby the impact, of the methodsof the VTPs in the schools themselves,the Institute is moving towards aschools-based model. Under thesupervision and with quality controlexercised by the Institute’s faculty, theaim of the programme is to train PDTs sothat they can, in turn, train teachers intheir own schools.

New Professional DevelopmentCentre in Gilgit

After its first successful undertaking inKarachi, AKU-IED’s second ProfessionalDevelopment Centre (PDC) wasestablished in Gilgit, northern Pakistan,in early 1999, in collaboration withAKES,P. It responds to the urgent need inthe region for effective teachers,especially women, at primary andsecondary levels.

The diversity of cultural backgrounds in AKU-IED’s student body is oneof its major strengths.

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Teachers, principals and educationalmanagers at middle and senior levelsare the focus of professionaldevelopment at PDC in Gilgit, whichaims to raise the educational capacity ingovernment and private schools innorthern Pakistan through itsprogrammes including research.

Institute’s ProfessionalDevelopment Models Set to BeReplicated Internationally

The Institute’s models are now beingreplicated in other areas. The first VTPoutside Pakistan was offered inBangladesh; similar programmes wereoffered in Uganda, Kenya and Tanzaniastarting in 2000. The East Africainitiatives focus on improving the teachingof English, mathematics, science, socialstudies and primary education. Fouradditional Professional DevelopmentCentres are proposed, one each in EastAfrica, Pakistan (Chitral), the KyrgyzRepublic and Bangladesh.

Partner Universities andInternational Linkages

AKU-IED’s partnerships with theUniversities of Toronto and Oxfordcontinued in 2000 and 2001, with closeinteraction in programme planning,delivery and research. The first phase of a

joint research project between faculty atAKU-IED and the Ontario Institute forStudies in Education/University ofToronto, on the teaching of English, wasalso completed. In the future, thesepartnerships are expected to include amore extensive programme of jointresearch, joint supervision of Ph.D.students and programme development.

Co-operation with Governments

AKU-IED has, in its short history, been acatalyst for change in the education sector.Its research base and its strong andcredible programmes have encouraged theGovernment to regularly invite it toparticipate in and advise committees that

AKU-IED’s Professional Development Centre in Gilgit.

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are planning educational initiatives at thefederal as well as the provincial levels.

In response to the growing need for aformalised platform for educationmanagement, and specifically in responseto requests made by the Governments ofBalochistan and Sindh, the Institute hasdeveloped short courses that providemanagement training to educationofficials. These courses complement theexisting teachers’ programmes for overallimprovement in teaching standards.AKU-IED ensures that at least half of theparticipants in its regular programmes arefrom schools in the government sector.

Independent EvaluationsConfirm High Impact

At the conclusion of its first phase offunding Rs. 720 million (US $12 million)by several international agencies, two

teams of evaluators, comprisinginternational educators appointed by theEuropean Commission and the CanadianInternational Development Agency(CIDA), visited AKU-IED in 1999-2000.Both the evaluation reports of phase-Iperformance noted that AKU-IED had metor exceeded all targets, ahead of scheduleand within budget. CIDA’s draft appraisalreport concludes, "it is difficult to not beimpressed with the progress thatAKU-IED has made in the first phase ofits existence … AKU-IED is a successstory, demonstrating an effective way toimpact the education of the people in adeveloping country facing manychallenges."

The positive outcomes of the evaluationsenabled the Institute to receive, in 2001, afurther grant of Euro 10 million (US $8.9million) from the European Commissionfor its second phase.

Institute for Educational Development

Government and private sector school heads and education officers attending a Certificate in Educational Management classin Dar-es-Salaam, Tanzania.

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After three years ofplanning by aninternational task force,the Board of Trustees ofAKU approved theestablishment of theInstitute for the Studyof Muslim Civilisations(previously called theInstitute of IslamicCivilisations) inLondon, UK, in 2000.

The Institute has aunique mission: it willstrengthen research andeducation for thepurpose of enhancingknowledge of theheritage of Muslimcivilisations.

Established in 2001,one of the Institute'sinitiatives will be tocreate an index ofpublished works onMuslim civilisations in various languages.Its faculty will also write abstracts of theseworks, translate them into major scholarlylanguages, and distribute them globally onthe Internet. This unique service willenable experts and informed publics tohave easier access to key works onMuslim civilisations. At the Institute,scholars and thinkers will engage inthematic research on issues that affectcontemporary societies, yet have not beengiven systematic attention in Muslimenvironments.

An educational programme on Muslimcivilisations will be offered, includingan interdisciplinary master’s degree,along with short courses on specialisttopics.

The Institute will also develop materialsand curricula for the various units ofAKU, other components of AKDN, anda broad range of institutions fromschools to establishments of highereducation in Muslim and othersocieties.

Institute for the Study of MuslimCivilisations

Premises of the Institute for the Study of Muslim Civilisations in London, UK.

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University in the Community

Aga Khan University (AKU) undertakes awide range of outreach and community-based activities that make a differencein the lives of many who might otherwisebe unable to access its services. AKU isparticularly committed to developingsustainable, cost-effective and affordablemodels of primary health care, asexpressed in the mission of the Facultyof Health Sciences.

Since its establishment in 1983, AKU hasfocused on developing the field of healthsciences. First priority was given tonursing education, followed byundergraduate medical education. As weenter the 21st century, the Faculty ofHealth Sciences offers a range of medicalspecialty education programmes, as wellas advanced nursing qualifications.

The University goes beyond thesetraditional professions and with thesteady diversification of graduate facultyincludes such disciplines as demography,sociology, anthropology and economics.Candidates for more specialised higherdegrees as well as continuing educationare also drawn from other diversebackgrounds, such as dentistry,community development, and businessmanagement.

Simultaneously, the laboratory scienceshave expanded to incorporate newstrengths in molecular biology andgenetics. In parallel, the teaching hospitalhas steadily become a regional referralcentre, and in addition to serving as abase for biomedical sciences, is alsobecoming a placement site for healthmanagement studies.

Medical and Nursing StudentsWork in “Katchi Abadis”

One way in which community-basedinvolvement is evident is through acurriculum that requires medical andnursing students to devote about 20percent of their time in examining thechallenging issues of primary health care.

This includes hands-on experience inhard-to-serve communities such as the"katchi-abadis" (squatter settlements),which represent 40 percent of Karachi’spopulation of 13 million. It alsoinvolves researching and helping peoplethrough the development of simple andaffordable interventions such asimmunisation services, potable watertechnologies and nutritionsupplementation during pregnancy.

The students are also exposed tounderlying determinants such as genderequity, literacy and income generation,which link social development with morefavourable health and other socialoutcomes.

Hospital in the Community

Aga Khan University Hospital (AKUH)has consistently expanded the range of itsoutreach to provide quality health caresupport to the wider population of thecountry located too far away to access itsservices. This outreach has come primarilyfrom its rapidly expanding network ofLaboratory Specimen Collection Units(samples for laboratory investigations),which ensure that the standardised andquality controlled facilities of AKUH

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Laboratory are accessible in areas distantfrom the Karachi campus.

Thirty-one Laboratory SpecimenCollection Units had been set up in 17cities across Pakistan by the end of 2001.

Another innovation that helped theHospital reach out to distant communitieswas the establishment of its first PatientReferral and Information Desk inHyderabad. The lack of tertiary healthcare facilities in Hyderabad and theinterior of Sindh results in a large numberof patient referrals to hospitals in Karachi.This service facilitates the process ofpatient referrals to AKUH and providescomprehensive information about theHospital facilities to enable patients tomake informed choices regarding theirhealth care options.

In 2001, the first off-site combined FamilyMedicine, Laboratory and Pharmacyservice was established in Malir, a lowermiddle income suburb of Karachi. Clinicsand day surgery facilities were opened inKarimabad, in collaboration with AgaKhan Health Service, Pakistan (AKHS,P).The Hospital also staffed five FamilyHealth Programme sites set up byAKHS,P. The University Hospital andA K H S,P labs were merged in the same year.In Lahore, a Stat Lab (limited testing ser-vice for routine tests for which reports areissued on the same day) was also set up.

Based on the successful experience ofA KUH Patient Referral and InformationDesk in Hyderabad, Pakistan and on theencouragement of UAE Ministry of Health,the Hospital established its firstinternational Representative Office in

Dubai in 2002. The objective is to provideconvenience and easy accessibility toA KUH’s high-q u a l i t y, cost-effective servicesto patients in UAE. The office providesinformation about the facilities available atthe Hospital as well as assists patients inobtaining feedback from AKUH consultantson their medical reports, schedulingappointments, providing cost estimates fortreatment required and makingtransportation and lodging choices inKarachi, Pakistan.

Government Collaboration

The Federal Minister for Educationconstituted the Task Force forImprovement of Higher Education, co-chaired by Shamsh Kassim-Lakha,President of AKU, and Syed Babar Ali,Pro Chancellor of the Lahore University ofManagement Sciences, in April 2001, toimprove the standards of higher education.

With a membership of federal governmentofficers, vice chancellors and other headsof educational institutions, the 18-memberTask Force conducted an in-depth study ofhigher education in Pakistan. It followed aconsultative process through seminarsacross the country, involving more than400 stakeholders including teachers,students, parents and others.

The Task Force identified a list ofmaladies afflicting higher education inPakistan and came up withrecommendations that can bring aboutsignificant improvement in universities.

In 2001, as an outcome of therecommendations of the Task Force,General Pervez Musharraf, President of

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University in the Community

Pakistan, appointed Shamsh Kassim-Lakha as Chairman of the SteeringCommittee on Higher Education with thestatus of Minister of State.

The key functions of the Committeeinclude the development of a plan torestructure the governance andmanagement of public universities,enhance academic quality, improve facultycompensation, and improve theiroperations, financial management andinformation systems, as well as thedevelopment of systematic linkages withother institutions including those in theprivate sector.

School Nutrition Programme Setto Expand

During 1992-1999, AKU’s Department ofCommunity Health Sciences (CHS), incollaboration with the Government ofSindh and local Non-GovernmentalOrganisations (NGOs), initiated a SchoolNutrition Programme (SNP). TheRs. 3,477 million (US $58 million)project was supported by the NorwegianAgency for Development Cooperation,through a grant managed by the WorldBank.

The programme was implemented in 148schools in seven low income ruraldistricts throughout the province.Towards the end of the project, another100 comparable schools were monitoredas a basis for impact assessment.Outcomes attributable to SNP included a39 percent increase in school enrollment,a 35 percent rise in school attendance,improved growth and development of

children, development of Parent-TeacherAssociations (PTA) in participatingschools, and increased participation ofwomen in local decision making. Thecost was under Rs. 9 (US $0.15) perchild per day.

Based on the success of SNP, theGovernment of Pakistan, Ministry ofWomen Development (MoWD), SocialWelfare and Special Education,approached AKU in late 2001 with theproposal that AKU lead in theimplementation of a nationwide schoolnutrition initiative for primary school girls,to be called "Tawana Pakistan". TheUniversity agreed to initiate theprogramme in 2002 in collaboration withMoWD and the Pakistan Baitul-Mal. Once

The “Tawana Pakistan” programme will eventually reach about 500,000 girlsin 5,000 government girls schools in 29 districts, and will be implemented overa period of approximately three to four years.

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again, the project team is based in CHS,with evaluation support from theDepartment of Paediatrics. In eachprovince, AKU will enlist NGOs aspartners, guide their involvement inprogramme management, and help todevelop their capacities forimplementation, monitoring and reporting.

" Tawana Pakistan" will eventually reachabout 500,000 girls in 5,000 governmentgirls schools in 29 poverty affecteddistricts, over a four-year period. In mostrespects "Tawana Pa k i s t a n" is identical toS N P, except for its focus only on girls,t w i c e-weekly micronutrientsupplementation and bi-annualdeworming. Also, in each school acommittee of women from thesurrounding community (instead ofP TAs) will be responsible for planningand managing the feeding programme.Committee members are to bevolunteers, although one memberidentified by the committee will be paid.

Development of Women HealthProfessionals

Aga Khan University School of Nursing inpartnership with McMaster University,Canada provided technical expertise inthe five-year (1994-2000) Developmentof Women Health Professionals (DWHP)programme, with funding of Rs. 660million (CAD $16.5 million) grant by theCanadian International DevelopmentAgency.

Its main goal was to assist the federal andprovincial governments of Pakistan indeveloping their nursing systems and

strengthening the role of women in thehealth sector, especially senior nurses andLady Health Visitors (LHVs).

During this five-year period, 48 B.Sc.Nursing graduates and 68 LHVscompleted the Primary Care EducationalProgrammes. In addition, eight LHVs fromAKHS,P visited McMaster University foradvanced leadership and managementprogrammes.

Evidence of the impact of the programmecan be measured by the fact that 80percent of DWHP fellows are working invarious leadership positions at federal andprovincial levels.

They are equipped with the skillsnecessary to implement new ideas innursing administration and to teach therevised standardised curricula for variousnursing courses within schools andcolleges of nursing. A core group of nursesin each province is facilitating theimprovement of the Nursing ExaminationBoards.

Postgraduate Medical Educationin 26 Clinical Disciplines

The Postgraduate Medical Education(PGME) and training programmes at AKUare structured to provide high qualityclinical training for physicians inPakistan and attract some of the bestmedical graduates in the country.

AKU offers postgraduate training in 26clinical disciplines, including Pakistan’sfirst training programmes in the fields ofFamily Medicine and CommunityMedicine. A new three-year Pulmonary

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University in the Community

Medicine Fellowship programme wasalso approved in 2000. These programmessupport the development and capacity forresearch among residents.

At the PGME convocation in October2001, certificates of completion of thevarious three to five-year programmes wereawarded to 34 residents and six fellows,bringing the total number of graduatesfrom the PGME programmes since 1990 to311 residents and 11 fellows.

Tw o-thirds of these graduates are workingin the country, contributing to health careas skilled generalists and specialists incities and in remote areas such as Kunri inSindh and Gilgit and Chitral in thenorthern region of Pakistan.

The experience of PGME confirms thatthe need for Pakistani medical graduatesto go abroad for quality training isbeing addressed by the increasingnumbers of good quality postgraduateprogrammes being offered in thecountry.

Educational DevelopmentActivities

A KU-IED was established to contribute tothe effectiveness of the educationalsystems in Pakistan and other developingcountries, primarily focusing on in-s e r v i c eteachers. At the heart of AKU-IED is theinstitution of the Professional DevelopmentCentre (PDC).

The PDC model, which adopts a clinicalapproach to professional development,focuses on the professional growth ofteachers and integrates practice, theory

and research with active links to anetwork of teachers and schools.

The Institute opened its first PDC inKarachi in 1993 and subsequently anotherin Gilgit (Northern Areas of Pakistan).With the experience and successfuloutcomes of these PDCs, a lead-inproject was set up in East Africa in 2001to carry out the implementation andoperational plans, leading to the eventualdevelopment of a proposal for theestablishment of one or more PDCs inEast Africa.

Two-thirds of the 322 graduates from the PGMEprogrammes areworking in Pakistan and improving the quality of health care in thecountry.

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Over the past two years, the Universityhas made significant progress in researchstudies that address the problems andissues related to the improvement ofhealth of the population, particularlywomen and children. Some veryencouraging results obtained through pilotstudies have led to the development ofbroad-based collaborative researchprojects supported by internationalagencies.

Research Projects withSignificant Impact

● Studies being conducted in theDepartment of Paediatrics includeevaluation of the nutritional status ofPakistani women of reproductive ageand risk factors for foetal intrauterinegrowth retardation and low birth weight(LBW) infants in Pakistan.

This initial project has yielded extremely important information on the true prevalence of LBW in community settings in rural and peri-urban Sindh. This information has formed the basis of the large intervention project on providing nutrition education and multiple micronutrient supplementationstarting in 2002. This project willyield important information forfuture public health programmesin Pakistan.

● Another study of significant impact is arandomised controlled interventionstudy dealing with the supplementationof micronutrients to small-for-datesinfants in Karachi. This is the largestrandomised controlled trial of its nature

in Pakistan and should yield veryimportant data on interventionstrategies for these high risk infants.

● Birth associated mortality andmorbidity are alarmingly high indeveloping countries includingPakistan. Initial studies have suggestedthat infection is responsible, to a largeextent, for this high incidence. TheDepartment of Community HealthSciences in partnership with theUniversity of Alabama at Birminghamhas initiated a research project that willinvestigate the relationship betweenmaternal infection and the presence ofbiochemical infection markers, as wellas the relationship of various healthbehaviours and health status, to thepresence of perinatal infection in ruraland urban populations in Pakistan.

Based on the findings of this initial two-year study, appropriate interventions to address Reproductive Tract Infections will be developed and field-tested in Pakistan over the next three-year period. It is expected that these interventions, once successfully field-tested, could be widely used to

Research and Development Highlights

Research conducted at the University includes an evaluation of thenutritional status of women in Pakistan, and an investigation intoreproductive tract infections.

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improve maternal and child survival inPakistan and other developingcountries. Given the critical state ofmaternal and child health in Pakistan,the study is extremely relevant andtimely and has the potential tocontribute significantly to improvingreproductive health in the country.

This research project is supported through a National Institutes ofHealth and Fogarty InternationalCentre grant of Rs. 96 million(US $1.6 million).

● Representing the development end of the research spectrum, the work of the Health Systems division of CHS on the design and testing of a client record card for community-based health workers is a success story.Funded by the United Nations Fund for Population Activities (UNFPA), during 1999-2001, this Rs. 10 million(US $0.2 million) project initiated a records system for use by district level community-based Lady Health Workers and village-based family planning workers. In addition to individual cards to be retained by clients, the initiative includes a district-level Management InformationSystem, so as to enable more efficientprogrammatic monitoring and review.The project was developed and pilot-tested in four districts, from eachprovince, and will contributeimmensely in strengthening primaryhealth care and reproductive healthservices in Pakistan, particularly inrural areas. Starting from the initialbase of four pilot areas, UNFPA is nowin the process of implementing this in

40 districts around the country, incollaboration with government healthagencies.

Awards to AKU Researchers

The faculty at AKU has beenacknowledged both nationally andinternationally for the quality of itsresearch projects. In 2001, Dr. ShaikhArshad Saeed, the Abdulaziz HussainaliShariff Professor, Department ofBiological and Biomedical Sciences,received the most prestigious civil award,Hilal-e-Imtiaz, for his volume of cutting-edge research work in the area ofBiological Sciences at AKU. ProfessorRabia Hussain, the Gulamali HijriProfessor and Acting Chairperson,became the first Pakistani to receive theprestigious Third World Academy ofScience (TWAS) award in Basic MedicalScience for 2000.

Dr. Amin Suria, Dr. Muhammad AnwarWaqar, the Akbar Ali Habib BandealiProfessor, and Dr. Muhammad PerwaizIqbal, the Kurban Nagji Professor weredecorated with the prestigious Sitara-e-Imtiaz in 2001. Dr. Anwar Gilani was therecipient of the Pride of PerformanceAward the same year.

Dr. Saeed Akhtar, a talented publichealth veterinarian with a doctorate inepidemiology, was honoured by theZoological Society of Pakistan with theProfessor A.R. Shakoori Gold Medal in2000. This award recognised his originalresearch in the field of zoonoses, the studyof animal diseases communicable tohumans, for which he has achievedinternational recognition.

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Seminar and Conference Highlights

AKU places much emphasis on providingopportunities for continuing education tostudents, faculty, physicians, academicsand members of the wider public. To thatend, workshops, conferences andsymposia are organised throughout theyear.

Global Diabetes ManagementWorkshop

Recognising that diabetes is one of thefastest growing diseases in the world,AKU, in collaboration with Aga KhanHealth Service, Pakistan (AKHS,P)organised a two-day workshop inMarch 2000, on Staged DiabetesManagement, which focused on thedelivery and management of qualitydiabetes care.

Currently, with grant support from Becton,Dickinson and Company, a NorthAmerican pharmaceutical firm, AKU andAKHS,P have jointly launched acomprehensive community-based diabetescare programme for urban and ruralcommunities, using the Staged DiabetesManagement model.

First Regional NursingConference

As part of its 20-year anniversarycelebrations, AKU-SON organised anInternational Research Conference"Regional Collaboration in NursingEducation, Practice and Research" inMay 2000. The chief guest at theevent was Professor Atta-ur-Rehman,Minister for Science and Technology,Government of Pakistan, and Dr. Ada Sue

Hinshaw, Professor and Dean, Universityof Michigan, USA and a member of theAKU’s International Advisory Committeeon Research was the keynote speaker.Billed as the first research conference onnursing, it provided Pakistani nurses anopportunity to exchange ideas on thepromotion, dissemination and utilisationof research at both national andinternational levels.

Over 450 nurses from all over the country as well as overseasparticipated in this first nursing research conference in Pakistan.The conference proved to be a turning point for nurses in the countryas it initiated regional collaboration to meet the challenges innursing education, practice and research in the new millennium.L to R: Jacqueline Dias, Assistant Professor, AKU-SON; Dr. YasminAmarsi, Associate Dean of Nursing AKU; the keynote speaker,Dr. Ada Sue Hinshaw, Professor and Dean, University of Michigan,USA and Dr. Andrea Baumann, Associate Dean, Nursing,Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Nursing, McMaster University,Canada.

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First Childhood Asthma Seminarand Workshop

Asthma is a chronic disease, triggeringrepeated illnesses and leading to a poorquality of life; it may even be fatal.However, it is under-diagnosed andunder-treated, particularly in childrenwho are suffering from it in increasingnumbers. This is mainly due to a lack ofawareness about childhood asthmaamongst doctors.

The University organised a seminar inMay 2000 addressing this issue, theobjective of which was to increaseawareness of childhood asthma amongstphysicians, introduce new methods oftreatment and dispel the myths andmisunderstandings surrounding thedisease. A workshop following theseminar, provided hands-on training onnecessary skills, such as giving oxygen,nebulisation and the correct usage ofinhalers for asthmatic children.

International Symposium onCardiovascular Diseases

In September 2000, Dr. Abdul MalikKansi, Federal Minister for Labour,Manpower and Health, Government ofPakistan, presided over the “Symposiumon Cardiovascular and PulmonaryDiseases". This theme was selected by theUniversity for its annual researchsymposium, noting that occurrence ofheart disease in Pakistan is currentlyreaching epidemic proportions.Cardiovascular disease is also the numberone killer in the industrialised world. Theimportance of research in developing

effective preventive strategies to combatthis alarming trend cannot beoveremphasised.

The symposium provided an excellentopportunity for national and internationalscientists and researchers to share theirwork and experiences, and createlinkages to promote research in thecountry.

AKU-IED Policy Dialogue onSchool Health Promotion

The University hosted a two-day policydialogue on the Health Action Schools(HAS) project in January 2001. Theobjective of the seminar was to identifyappropriate content and approaches forhealth education in schools based onlessons learnt from the HAS pilot actionresearch project.

This three-year research project, inpartnership with Save the Children (UK),is aimed at developing health-promoting

Dr. Gordon Macleod, Director of AKU-IED, and participants at the two-day policydialogue on School Health Promotion. The University hosted the seminar with theobjective of discussing content and approaches to health education in schools, based onlessons learnt from the Health Action Schoolspilot action research project.

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schools in Pakistan and to influencepolicy on health education in thenational schools.

Participants at the seminar includedrepresentatives from the federal andprovincial ministries of Education andHealth, including the Head of theCurriculum Bureau, international andnational NGOs working with children inhealth and education: United NationsChildren’s Fund, World HealthOrganization, European Community andAga Khan Development Network.

World Bank-UNESCO Seminar

In February 2001, vice chancellors,education specialists, principals of schoolsand colleges from all over the province,

and diplomats attended a seminar todeliberate on the World Bank andUNESCO sponsored Task Force report"Higher Education in DevelopingCountries".

The speakers included the two majorauthors of the report, Professors HenryRozovsky and David Bloom of HarvardUniversity.

An important recommendation of this Ta s kForce on Higher Education and Society wasan urgent call to governments andinternational donors to increase theirsupport for higher education in developingcountries. A major outcome of the seminarwas the establishment of the Task Force onHigher Education by the Government ofPa k i s t a n .

The speakers at the seminar on the joint World Bank-UNESCO Task Force Report on Higher Education in DevelopingCountries included the two major authors of the report, Professor Henry Rosovsky (left) and Professor David Bloom (centre)of Harvard University, with Dr. Jamsheer Talati, Associate Dean, Education, Faculty of Health Sciences, AKU.

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Seminar on English LanguageTeaching

The importance of English as a languageof communication was highlighted in atwo-day seminar organised by AKU Centreof English Language in February 2001.Presided over by Zobaida Jalal, Ministerfor Education, Government of Pakistan,the seminar attracted over 400participants, including 15 internationaland 40 national delegates from acrossPakistan.

The objective was to highlight the need tolearn English, and formulate an appropriatepolicy after reviewing the existing languagepolicy and planning in Pakistan.

The seminar also aimed at bringing to lightthe issue of the use of information technologyfor language teaching in Pa k i s t a n .

National Symposium onOncology

Recognising that cancer is a globalproblem and that every year increasingnumbers of doctors, researchers andscientists work towards alleviating thepain and suffering of a growingnumber of cancer patients, AKUorganised an Oncology Symposium, inSeptember 2001, to promote thesharing of knowledge, research andexperience amongst national andinternational experts on this dreadeddisease.

Participants included world-renowned scientists from KarolinskaInstitute, Sweden, and ChristianMedical College Hospital, Vellore, India,as well as speakers from Nepal andBangladesh.

Seminar and Conference Highlights

Participants at the two-day seminar on English Language Teaching, organised by Aga Khan University Centre of EnglishLanguage in February 2001. L to R: Dr. Shahid Amjad Chaudhry, Minister of State, Deputy Chairman, Planning Commission ofPakistan; Sabiha Mansoor, Associate Pr o f. and Head Centre of English Language, AKU; Shamsh Kassim-Lakha, Pr e s i d e n t ,A KU; Zobaida Jalal, Federal Minister for Education; Dr. Naz Rassool, Chair,Board of Advanced Studies, School of Education,University of Reading, UK; Dr. Mira Phailbus, Principal, Kinnaird College, Lahore; Linda Bower, Teaching Centre Manager,British Council, Karachi; Dr. Camer Vellani, former Re c t o r, AKU,and Dr. Richard Hardwick, Director, British Council, Karachi.

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The generous support provided by donors,both overseas and within Pakistan, sincethe inception of the University, has beenan important factor enabling AKU toexpand its academic programmes, servicesand facilities to three continents: Asia,Africa and Europe.

Income from the University’s endowmentcovers 62 percent of the total cost ofFaculty of Health Sciences. It is also animportant source of funding for the highquality education imparted to medical andnursing students whose fees cover only 20percent of the cost of their education. Theendowment enables the University toadhere to its commitment to a needs-blindadmission policy which assists students(33 percent of the total student body) whocannot afford the subsidised tuition feestructure.

S i m i l a r l y, income from the Hospitalendowment constitutes a significant portionof the patient welfare budget, which wasRs. 209 million (US $3.5 million) in 2001.

In 2001, the total of new contributionsfrom donors to endowments, new capitalprojects, and annual giving exceededRs. 375 million (US $6.3 million). Inaddition to this support, the Universitycontinues to receive grants from inter-national agencies, trusts and foundationsfor new academic and researchprogrammes and initiatives. AKUgratefully acknowledges the contributionsof all its donors, well-wishers and partnersand looks forward to their continuedsupport as it expands and progresses.

Major University Partnersand Supporters

Major University Partners and Supporters● Aga Khan Development Network, Switzerland● Alliance for Health Policy and System Research,

Switzerland● Becton, Dickinson & Co., USA● BLES Chemical Inc., Canada● British Council, Karachi, Pakistan● Canadian International Development Agency● Department for International Development, UK● European Community● Fogarty International, USA● FUJISAWA Pharmaceuticals, Japan● Global Forum for Health Research, Switzerland● Government of Pakistan● Harvard University, USA● HEJ Institute, University of Karachi, Pakistan● Institute of Ismaili Studies, UK● International Atomic Energy Agency, Austria● International Vaccine Institute, South Korea● Karolinska Institute, Sweden● Laerdal Foundation, Norway● LASMO Oil Pakistan Limited● McGill University, Canada● McMaster University, Canada● Médecins du Monde, France● Médecins sans Frontieres, France● National Institutes of Health, USA● New Zealand Overseas Development Assistance ● Oxford University, UK● Pakistan Medical Research Council● Pakistan Science Foundation● Save the Children Fund, UK● Saving Newborn Lives, USA● Sheffield Hallam University, UK● United Nations Children’s Fund● United Nations Development Programme● United Nations Population Fund● University of Alabama, USA● University of Alberta, Canada● University of British Columbia, Canada● University of California, USA● University of Karachi, Pakistan● University of Sheffield, UK● University of Toronto, Canada● United States Agency for International Development● World Health Organization● World Bank

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To serve the growing need for academicand health related services in Pa k i s t a n ,A KUH is expanding its services byproviding new state-o f - t h e-art facilitiesat the University’s Health Sciences campuson Stadium Road. At the Convocationevents in October 2000, His Highness theAga Khan formally inaugurated the IbnRidwan Building, which houses theCommunity Health Sciences Department,the Juma Building for research, and theSports and Rehabilitation Centre.

His Highness also laid the foundation ofthe Nazerali-Walji Building for ambulatorycare. This building will offer multipurposefacilities under one roof, providing greateraccess to medical and diagnostic servicesfor outpatients. Clinics, diagnostics,pharmacy and radiology services, alongwith thirty-one consulting rooms andauxiliary facilities such as procedure andassessment rooms, teaching areas andsupport spaces are planned in thisbuilding. Additionally, there will beoutpatient cardio-pulmonary diagnosticservices, nuclear imaging and aphlebotomy station. Expected to becompleted by August 2002, the estimatedcost of the fully-equipped building isRs. 288 million (US $4.8 million).

To meet the growing demand of its cardiacservices, construction of the KhimjiBuilding for Cardiac Services began in2001 and is expected to be commissionedin early 2003. The estimated cost of thefully equipped building and modificationsto the existing facilities is Rs. 366 million(US $6.1 million) of which the Khimjifamily funded Rs. 180 million (US $3million). The Khimji Building will consistof three state-of-the-art operating theatres,

a room for minor procedures and aCoronary Care Unit with 13 patient rooms,of which two will be isolation rooms. Otherfeatures include teaching facilities,administration and faculty offices andspace for counselling of patients’ relatives.All the patient rooms and operationtheatres will be provided with isolatedpower for safety including adequate powerb a c kup to ensure reliable power supply.A unique feature of the operation theatresis the provision for live telecasting ofprocedures, nationally and internationally.

Women’s Residences

Aga Khan University is an equalopportunity employer that offers womena safe and professionally rewarding workenvironment. As a result, it attractswomen from all over Pakistan who seekprofessional engagement and development.The demand for hostel facilities hasoutpaced the accommodations available onthe campus. The University therefore isbuilding on-campus residences for out-of-station single professional women. Theproject started in May 2002, and its firstphase of 152 rooms will include 12 studioapartments and 44 rooms with attachedbathrooms. The facility will have lounges,a dining room, kitchen, pantries, laundriesand an outlet for purchasing essentialconsumer items. The Women’s Residencesare funded through the generouscontribution of Rs. 120 million (US $2million) each from three families with thebalance contribution of Rs. 30 million(US $0.5 million) from the University fora total project cost of Rs. 390 million(US $6.5 million). The project is expectedto be completed in November 2003.

New Facilities

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In a difficult economic and politicalenvironment, the University achievedsolid progress but at the same timeexercised caution by consolidating itsexisting programmes while selectivelydirecting expansion in key academic andservice areas.

Compared to 2000, the aggregate of allincome sources in 2001 (patient related,endowment income, tuition fees, annualgiving, grants and miscellaneous sources)grew by 14 percent to Rs. 3,444 million(US $57.4 million). From this income, theUniversity spent Rs. 3,351 million(US $55.8 million) towards supportingits operations and capital needs, whichrepresents a 19 percent growth over theprevious year.

This growth in expenditure was acombined effect of five percent costinflation and 14 percent programmegrowth and structural changes. Thedifference of Rs. 93 million (US $1.6million) between revenues and expenseswas carried over into 2002 operations forongoing support to capital commitmentsand programme expansions. Importantaspects of how the expenses of FHS,AKU-IED, AKUH, the newly establishedAKU-ISMC, and the Faculty of Arts andSciences are being supported as well asthe challenges that lie ahead arediscussed in the following paragraphs.

Faculty of Health Sciences

The expenditures of FHS (excluding EastAfrica – Advanced Nursing Studies) grewby 12 percent from 2000 to Rs. 723million (US $12.1 million). Faculty andstaff costs account for 60 percent of the

expenditures of FHS. Since tuition feescan only meet a fraction of the costs of ahigh quality education in a developingcountry context, academic programmeswill continue to largely depend on supportfrom University endowment and annualgiving.

Expenditure for the East Africa –Advanced Nursing Studies programme in2001 was Rs. 69 million (US $1.2 million)and in 2000, Rs. 37 million (US $0.6million), and was entirely funded from anAga Khan Development Network grant.

Financial Information

33

Institute for EducationalDevelopment

After the conclusion of the initial Phase Iin 2000, the year 2001 marked the start ofPhase II (2001-2006) of AKU-IEDactivities.

The University wishes to acknowledgethe significant contributions of theEuropean Community, CanadianInternational Development Agency,United Nations Development Programmeand Aga Khan Foundation, who providedover 90 percent of the operating costsfor Phase I.

The Institute was also able to attractancillary funding for research andexpanded activities from otheragencies. For example, AKU-IED wasengaged in implementing initiatives towork with a selected number of Non-Governmental Organisations, andCommunity-Based Organisations(NGOs/CBOs) in Sindh to enhanceinstitutional capacity building.

It is expected that this will provideequity to access and quality educationto all children in general and girls inparticular.

The initiative is funded by USAID to theamount of Rs. 54 million (US $0.9million).

For Phase II of its operations, AKU-IED ispleased to acknowledge the commitmentfor Euro 10 million (US $8.9 m i l l i o n )made by the European Community.

AKU-IED develops local capacity for quality education andeffective management.

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Aga Khan University Hospital

As in previous years, the Hospitalfinances showed a steady growth, withrevenues increasing in 2001 by 14percent to Rs. 2,538 million (US $42.3million). Correspondingly, operatingexpenses increased by 22 percent toRs. 2,445 million (US $40.8 million).The expenditures incorporate anallocation of nine percent to the totalPatient Welfare Programme of Rs. 209million (US $3.5 million).

Endowment income and annual donations,and earnings from the volunteer-managedgift shops and greeting card campaignsprovided 55 percent of welfare fundingwith the balance 45 percent being metfrom operational revenues.

The savings are used to build up reservesfor future capital expansions andreplacement of medical equipment, aswell as to contribute to the academicprogrammes of the University.

To meet the demand of tertiary care services,the Hospital has expanded its "acute care"bed capacity. In 2001, intensive and semi-intensive patient bed days formed 17percent of total hospital patient dayscompared to six percent in 1995.

The Hospital is now expanding its capacityto undertake more surgeries in the out-patient mode to counterbalance theconstant shift towards tertiary services.This is beneficial to the patient in theform of good medical care at a much lowertreatment cost. Day surgery volumes grewfrom 26 percent of total surgeries in 1 9 9 5to 46 percent of total surgeries in 2001.

Needy and indigent patients are given the same highquality health care as financially independent patients,through the Patient Welfare Programme, which disbursedRs. 209 million (US $3.5 million) in 2001.

35

Institute for the Study of MuslimCivilisations

The Institute for the Study of MuslimCivilisations (AKU-ISMC) received fundingof Rs. 11.4 million (US $0.2 million) in2001 from Aga Khan Development Networkfor commissioning activities, of whichRs. 6.6 million (US $0.1 million) wereutilised and Rs. 4.8 million (US $0.08million) carried over to 2002.

Faculty of Arts and Sciences

Expenditure incurred in 2001 towards thefuture establishment of the Faculty ofArts and Sciences (FAS) was Rs. 106million (US $1.8 million). Of this,Rs. 102 million (US $1.7 million) wasutilised for acquisition of land (400 acres)and Rs. 4 million (US $0.07 million) forthe initial site development work.Currently, a Task Force, headed by RobertH. Edwards, former president of BowdoinCollege, and a Trustee of AKU, is preparinga comprehensive report for planning andimplementation of this facility.

Other Major Capital Projects

To meet the growing demands of theUniversity’s academic and serviceprogrammes, several major capitalprojects have been initiated and are invarious phases of development. Totalfunding requirements for these projectsare estimated at Rs. 1,452 million(US $24.2 million) of which Rs. 618million (US $10.3 million) isinstitutional funding and the balanceRs. 834 million (US $13.9 million) isdonor contribution.

It is expected that the institutionalfunding requirements of the ambulatorycare, cardiac services and women’sresidences will be fully met fromHospital cash generation. The powergeneration project is expected to befunded completely from externalborrowing and the Clifton Clinic projectwill be funded from internal sourcesRs. 72 million (US $1.2 million) andborrowing Rs. 48 million (US $0.8million).

Financial Information

The total funding requirement for the above projects is budgeted at Rs. 1,452 million (US$24.2 million) of which d o n o rfunding is Rs. 834 million (US$13.9 million) for construction and equipment. Institutional funding of Rs. 618 million(U S $10.3 million) will be met out of past reserves from hospital operations carried forward Rs. 432 million(US$7.2 m i l l i o n ) and borrowing Rs. 186 million (US $3.1 m i l l i o n ).

The table depicts major capital projects in the process of implementation, with theirfunding break-down and completion dates.

Budget (US $ in million)

S.No Building Donor Institutional Total Completion DateFunding Funding

1 Ambulatory Care 3.5 1.3 4.8 August 20022 Cardiac Services 3.9 2.2 6.1 December 20033 Women’s Residences 6.0 0.5 6.5 November 20034 Clifton Clinic - 2.0 2.0 July 20035 Self-Generation

Power Plant - 2.3 2.3 November 20026 Hardware/Software

Migration 0.5 2.0 2.5 December 2003

Total 13.9 10.3 24.2

Other Major Capital Projects

Institute for Educational Development

36

Master of Education (M.Ed.) 57 115

Visiting Teacher Programmes (VTPs) 25 1587

Advanced Diploma in School Management (ADISM) 22 103

School-Based Visiting Teachers’ Programme (SBVTP)* 22 351

Advanced Diplomas and Specialist Courses 33 54

Certificate in Educational Management (CEM) 18 252

Balochistan Educational Management Programme - - - 74

Total 177 2,536

Programmes Student enrolment Total graduates including 2001

* In Pakistan, Bangladesh, Kenya, Tanzania and Uganda.

University Overview

M.B., B.S. 416 966

M.Sc. in Epidemiology and Biostatistics 22 23

M.Sc. in Health Policy and Management 9 -

Ph.D. in Health Sciences. Commenced in 1999, first graduation in 2003 9 -

Postgraduate Residency 209 311

General Nursing (R.N.) Diploma 200 1,305

Post-R.N., B.Sc.N. 59 265

Generic B.Sc.N. Commenced in 1997, first graduation in 2001 120 16

M.Sc.N. 5 -

Advanced Nursing Studies East Africa 13 -

Total 1,062 2,886

Programmes Student enrolment Total graduates including 2001

Faculty of Health Sciences

Postgraduate Programmes

Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Obstetrics and GynaecologyCommunity Medicine OphthalmologyDiagnostic Radiology OrthopaedicsEmergency Medicine Otolaryngology/Head and Neck SurgeryFamily Medicine PathologyGeneral Surgery PaediatricsInternal Medicine PsychiatryNeurology UrologyNeurosurgery

Residency Programmes

Fellowship Programmes

Adult CardiologyBreast and General SurgeryClinical Neurophysiology and

Electrodiagnostic MedicineDiabetes, Endocrinology and MetabolismGastroenterology

General Surgery and Gastrointestinal and Oncological Surgery

Neonatal PaediatricsPaediatric SurgeryPulmonary Medicine

37

AKUHstrives to provide effective and compassionate care to its patients.

Anaesthesiology PaediatricsMedicine PsychiatryObstetrics and Gynaecology RadiologyPathology Surgery

Clinical Departments

Full-Time Staff 3,608

Full-Time Faculty 378

Part-Time Faculty and Staff 68

Temporary Faculty and Staff 50

Residents 209

Medical Officers 140

Interns 50

Total 4,503

AKU Faculty and Staff 2001

Operational beds 462 466

Patient Volumes:Admissions 31,524 32,955 5%Patient days 129,717 136,036 5%Outpatient visits 324,677 343,621 6%

Patient Welfare:Patient support Rs. 117 million Rs. 209 million* 79%

(US $2 million) (US $3.5 million)

2000 2001 Growth

Hospital Volumes

* Patient Welfare allocation includes Rs. 72 million (US $1.2 million) towards Afghan refugees, which was provided overthree years (1999 to 2001) but recognised in the audited financial statements in 2001.

University Hospital

38

Chancellor

His Highness the Aga Khan

Board of Trustees

ChairmanAmbassador Saidullah Khan

Dehlavi*Former Ambassador of Pakistan toBelgium, Luxembourg and the EuropeanCommunities

MembersJustice Sabihuddin Ahmed

Senior Puisne JudgeSindh High Court, Pakistan

Dr. J. Robert Buchanan

Former Dean, Cornell University MedicalCollege and General Director (CEO)Emeritus, Massachusetts GeneralHospital, Boston, USAChairman, I-STAT Inc.

Aziz Currimbhoy

Former ChairmanAga Khan Education Service, Pakistan

Robert H. Edwards

President Emeritus, Bowdoin CollegeBrunswick, Maine, USA

Munnawar Hamid, OBEChairman and Chief ExecutiveICI Pakistan Ltd.

Shamsh Kassim-Lakha, S.I.President and Chief Executive OfficerAga Khan University

Dr. J. Fraser Mustard

Founding PresidentThe Canadian Institute for Advanced ResearchToronto, Canada

Dr. S.M. Rab, S.I.Member, Pakistan Medical and Dental CouncilFormer Minister for Health and Population WelfareSindh, Pakistan

Guillaume de Spoelberch

Member, Board of DirectorsAga Khan FoundationGeneva, Switzerland

* In July 2001 Ambassador Saidullah Khan Dehlavi succeeded Sahabzada Yaqub-Khan who served as Chairmanfor 16 years.

University Governance andBoard of Trustees

43

AGA KHAN UNIVERSITYStadium Road, P.O. Box 3500, Karachi 74800, PakistanTel: (92 21) 493-0051 Fax: (92 21) 493-4294, 493-2095email: aku@aku.eduwww.aku.edu

Campuses:PAKISTAN

AGA KHAN UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF HEALTH SCIENCES (MEDICAL COLLEGE AND SCHOOL OF NURSING)Stadium Road, P.O. Box 3500, Karachi 74800, PakistanTel: (92 21) 493-0051Fax: (92 21) 493-4294, 493-2095 email: fhs@aku.edu, student.affairs@aku.edu

AGA KHAN UNIVERSITY HOSPITALStadium Road, P.O. Box 3500, Karachi 74800, PakistanTel: (92 21) 493-0051 Fax: (92 21) 493-4294, 493-2095email: akuh@aku.edu, physician.relations@aku.edu

AGA KHAN UNIVERSITY INSTITUTE FOR EDUCATIONAL DEVELOPMENT,PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT CENTRE (PDC) IED-PDC, 1-5/B-VIIF.B. Area, Karimabad, P.O. Box 13688Karachi 75950, PakistanTel: (92 21) 634-7611Fax: (92 21) 634-7616email: ied@aku.edu

PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT CENTRE,NORTHERN AREASKonodass Gilgit, Northern Areas,PakistanTel: (92 57) 05811, 54132, 54133, 54134Fax: (92 57) 05811, 54135email: pdc.gilgit@aku.edu

INTERNATIONAL

AGA KHAN UNIVERSITY INSTITUTE FOR THE STUDY OF MUSLIM CIVILISATIONS3 Bedford Square, LondonWCIB 3RA, United KingdomTel: (44 207) 907-1020Fax: (44 207) 907-1030email: ismc.uk@aku.edu

AGA KHAN UNIVERSITY ADVANCED NURSING STUDIES PROGRAMME

Kenya3rd Parklands Avenue, Off Limuru RoadOpp. Aga Khan Hospital Nairobi, P.O. Box 39340, KenyaTel: (00254 2) 747-004, 747-483, 745-808Fax: (00254 2) 747-004email: aku.ke@aku.edu

TanzaniaUfokoni Road, Plot No. 4, P.O. Box 38129Dar-es-Salaam, TanzaniaTel: (00255 22) 212-2740, 212-2744Fax: (00255 22) 212-2764email: aku.tz@aku.edu

Uganda 9/11, Makerere RoadAga Khan Education Complex, P.O. Box 6837Kampala, UgandaTel: (00256 41) 340-126email: aku.ug@aku.edu

AGA KHAN UNIVERSITY HOSPITALREPRESENTATIVE OFFICE, Dubai, United Arab Emirates*Suite No. 514,Oud Metha Office Complex and TowerOud Metha Road, P.O. Box 36281Ramul Dubai.Tel: (971 4) 324-8081Fax: (971 4) 324-8082email: akuh.dubai@aku.edu

* Started in 2002

Aga Khan University

Stadium Road, P.O. Box 3500,Karachi 74800, Pakistan

Tel: (92 21) 493-0051Fax: (92 21) 493-4294

email: public.affairs@aku.eduwww.aku.edu