the anatomy of the brain gross structure and forbrain upper sixth biology
TRANSCRIPT
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The Anatomy of the BrainGross structure and Forbrain
Upper SixthBiology
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Aims
• By the end of the lesson you should understand
• How the brain is studied• The anatomy of the brain• The functional divisions of the
brain
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How do we study the brain?
• Anatomy and histology• Function….historically studied by
using brain damage patients• Broca’s area• Stroke patients• Tumour removal• Alzheimer's patients and function of
ACH
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Brain damage
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Brain Damage-rare vacuum Brain
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Computer Assisted Tomography
• Cat Scans• Use X-rays to
distinguish between different tissues
• Section through the brain
• May give a 3-D structure
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Positron Emission Tomography
• Pet Scan• Activity of brain is
measured• 2-deoxyglucose
labelled with isotope that emits positrons
• More active the tissue more is emitted
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Magnetic resonance imaging
• MRI scan• Involves magnets • Equipment measures
tiny magnetic fields in brain
• Magnetic effect of oxyhaemoglobin is less than deoxyhaemoglobin
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Structure of the Brain
• The brain can be thought of as an expansion of the spinal cord
• Forebrain• Diencephalon• Midbrain• Hindbrain• All contain CSF• Using page 56 sketch out these areas
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Structure of the Brain External
• Cerebrum-two cerebral hemispheres
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Surface of cerebrum
• Surface of each is the cerebral cortex
• Lobes-frontal, parietal, temporal and occipital
• Deep within-hippocampus and amygdala
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Corpus Callosum
• Corpus callosum- connects The two cerebral hemesheres
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Anatomy of the brain –vertical section
• Forebrain, the cerebrum
• Diencephalon-contains the thalamus and the hypothalamus
• Midbrain• Hindbrain
Cerebellum and the medulla oblongata
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Function of the cerebrum
• Primary sensory areas-input
• Association areas take this information-integration
• Prefrontal and limbic• Broca’s and Wernike’s
areas, speech production and understanding left side
• Right side non verbal 3D perception