The Arthritides

Alexandra Hayes

• An arthritide is when a person has a type of Arthritis.

• Arthritis occurs when there is inflammation of one or more joints in the body. There are over 100 different known rheumatic diseases

Types

• Childhood Arthritis• Fibromyalgia• General• Gout• Osteoarthritis• Rheumatoid Arthritis• Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE or lupus)• Traumatic arthritis

Types

Symptoms

• Pain• aching, stiffness• swelling in or around the joints. • Some forms of arthritis, such as rheumatoid

arthritis and lupus, can affect multiple organs and cause widespread symptoms.

Diagnosis

• If symptoms persist for more than 2 weeks a doctors appointment should be made.

• The doctor should do an exam that includes medical history, lab test and x-rays

Prevalence

• A new study from CDC reports that 50 million U.S. adults have arthritis

• Overall Osteoarthritis affects an estimated 26.9 million US adults

• Rheumatoid Arthritis affects an estimated 1.5 million US adults

• Juvenile arthritis affects 294,000 children, • Systemic lupus erythematosus affects from

161,000 to 322,000 adults

Prevalence

Virginia

Age

• Although arthritis is more common among adults aged 65 years or older, people of all ages (including children) can be affected. Nearly two-thirds of people with arthritis are younger than age 65 years

Race• Non-Hispanic White • 23.8%• Non-Hispanic Black • 19.4%• Hispanic • 11.1%• American Indian/Alaska Native • 25.2%• Asian/Pacific Islander • 8.4%• Multiracial/Other • 20.7%

Gender

• The prevalence of arthritis is higher in women than in men

Incidence

• For juvenile arthritis :4,800–11,000 new cases in the United States in 2003

• Hand Osteoarthritis : 100 per 100000• Hip Osteoarthritis : 88 per 100000• Knee Osteoarthritis : 240 per 100000• For Rheumatoid Arthritis: 41 per 100,000

people a year

Disability

• Annually over 21 million Americans indicate that their arthritis has limited their physical activity and mobility

• Which is why arthritis is considered the leading cause of disability in the United States.

Disability

Disability

Disability

Disability

Activity Limitation Due to Arthritis, Adults Ages 18 and OlderVirginia, 2003-2005

Mortality• Patients with chronic arthritis have a greater risk

of mortality because they are more prone to infection, renal disease, and respiratory conditions

• The female mortality rate for women with Rheumatoid Arthritis is 2.4 deaths per 100000 people per year

• Male mortality rate for men with Rheumatoid Arthritis for men was 2.5 deaths per 100000

• http://arthritis-research.com/content/11/3/229/figure/F3

Risk Factors

• Age• Gender• Genetic• Overweight and Obesity• Joint Injuries• Infection• Occupation

Costs

• In 2005, the total expenditures among U.S. adults with arthritis was $353 billion .

Costs

Prevention/Treatment

• Behavioral/Lifestyle Changes - Diet/Weight Control

- Physical Activity• Injury Prevention

- Take precautions to avoid repetitive joint use and resulting joint injury- Use injury prevention strategies like warm ups to avoid joint injuries and damage to ligaments and cartilage

Prevention/Treatment

• Use hot and cold compresses on joints for short-term pain relief

• Topical Pain Relievers• Anti-inflammatory Painkillers (NSAIDs)• Steroids• Hyaluronan Injections• Disease-Modifying Antirheumatic Drugs

(DMARDs)

Intervention Programs

• Chronic Disease Self-Management Program (CDSMP)

• Active Living Every Day (ALED)• Arthritis Foundation Aquatic Program(AFAP)• Chronic Disease Self-Management Program

(CDSMP)• Arthritis Foundation Exercise Program(AFEP)• Arthritis Self-Management Program (ASMP)

Funds

Research• A Systems Approach to Improving Arthritis Clinical Care• Algorithm to Identify Clinically Significant Arthritis with

Functional Limitation• Arthritis Benefits Of A Physical Activity Program In

West Virginia• Arthritis Disability—Multiplicity and Accommodations• Arthritis Self-Management Education — Dose–

Response• Comparisons of the Outcomes of the Arthritis Self-Help

Course (ASHC) and the Chronic Disease Self-Management Program (CDSMP) among People with Arthritis. (University of Illinois)

Current Research

• Evaluation of First Step to Active Health• Choosing Arthritis-appropriate Physical

Activity • Johnston County Osteoarthritis Project• Lupus Registries