T h e Art is t 's P ro jec t Sourcebook Second E d i t i o n

Amsterdam Boston Heidelberg London New York Oxford Paris San Diego

San Francisco Singapore Sydney Tokyo

ELSEVER Focal Press is an imprint of Elsevier

Introduction ix

Who This Book Is for and How It's Different ix

The 3D Environment and Workflow J

Using This Book xi

Acknowledgments xiv

Credits and Contributions xiv

1 The Dynamic Dozen Working with Parametric Primitives

The Galaxy Ball

The Barometer Cone

Color Drops

The Bubbling Teardrop

The DNA Spinner

The Starlight Lantern

The Cosmic Receiver

Pandora's Box

Easy and Breezy

The Gyro

The Firefly Lantern

The Color Barrel

A Line and a Pole

2 Under The Hood Mechanics 101

A Petunia

Creating a Center

Using Set Selection

Repositioning an Object Axis

Using Axis Center

Creating and Repairing Polygonal Surfaces 50

P Is for Pipe 5 9

Splines: Your Invisible Friends 63

3 NURBS Modeling Tools The PeephoIe Box: Extrude NURBS

Box Top Decoration: Loft NURBS

Curly Glass Tubes: The Sweep NURBS

Antique Lightbulbs: Lathe NURBS

The Stage Curtain: The Bezier NURBS

Putting It All Together: The Peephole Box

4 Deformers and Other Modeling Helpers Lively Props: Bend and Twist Deformers

A Lump in the Pipe: Bulge Deformer

Broken Glass: The Shatter Deformer

Flag on the Play: Wind and Shear Deformers

Boom! Explosion Deformation

Roll the Dice! Boolean Operations

A String of Dice: The Arrange and Randomize Functions

Great Green Gobs: The Metaball Object

5 Materials i n Depth A Texture Totem: Exploring Materials

Editing Volume Shaders

Using a Movie as a Material

Animating Materials

6 Better Under Lights The Virtual Studio: Three Point Lighting

Changing the Type of Light

Turn up the Volume

Throwing Shadows with Gobos

Blinking Puffs of Light

Editing Multiple Lights

Animating Light Position

Painting with Light

7 Animation ABCs A Is for Airplane Hat: Working out Timing

Working with Custom Tangents

Animating the Propeller

Anticipatory Hops

Squash and Stretch

B Is for Batty Box: Combining Time Curves and PLA

C Is for Crown

8 Head Shots 151

Building a Head with the Symmetry Object 151

9 Creating and Rigging a Character Building a Character 171

Introducing MOCCA 176

Character Shortcuts 185

Multiple Versions and States of Characters 190

Doing Your Character Homework 190

Animating a Character 4 Animating the Joint Rig

Animating FK

Animation IK

. :ameras in Control Looking through a Camera

Animating a Camera on a Spline Path 213

A More Complex Camera Movement 214

Focal Length 215

Animating a Camera on a Helix Spline Path 215

Using Depth of Field 21 7 .-r .. . Virtual Lens and Filter Effects , *

218

:' Switching Cameras in CINEMA 4D 219 k - , A Critical Distinction 219

Using Film Offset

Looking through Other Objects

-32 The Art Of-Rendering Investigating Render Settings - - Artistic Rendering Effects

:1

13 Added Attractions Locating Plugins and Modules

Commercial Plugins

Freeware

Modules

14 A ~ o Z t of Xpresso What Is Xpresso?

Xpresso: Basic Anatomy

The Sticking Place

Stop Right There!

What Else Can Be Done with Xpresso?

15 Environment, Mood, and Magic The Interior Environment

The World Outside: Skies, Backgrounds and Cycloramas

The Outdoor Environment

Here Comes the Glitz

The Importance of Music and Sound

220 16 Bodypaint 30: the Artist's Connection Getting to Know BodyPaint

Painting a Simple Model

Making a Weathered Sign

Painting a Head with BodyPaint

17 CINEMA 4D and Friends Helper Applications: An Overview

Adobe Photoshop

Adobe Illustrator and Freehand

Pixologic Zbrush

Core1 Painter and Synthetik Studio Artist

Sources and Software for Splines

Sound Solutions

To the Web with You, C4D!

Organizing Libraries

For Teachers

Hardware Friends

18 Tips on Type The Basics of Text Splines

And Now, Some Creative Text Messaging

Type Forms: Finishing Touches and Creative Play

Animated Type Effects

Using the MoGraph Text Object

19 Creating Elements for Motion Graphics The Rich 3D Space

Using The After Effects Plugin

MoGraph Magic!

290 20 The Creative Leap 29 1

Finding Your Voice as an Artist 293

The Holistic Artist 294

Optimize Your Creative Time

Become an Art Historian

Cultivate Efficient and Healthy Work Habits

Take Advantage of the New Exhibition Paradigm

Storyboards, Thought Charts, Animatics

3D as a Day Job

Index

What's on the DVD

i A Add Circle Object, 301 Add Light Object, 122 Add-the-Sea, 234, 259, 261 Adobe After Effects

multi-pass rendering, 322 rendering single elements for

compositing, 329 Render Settings, 323

Adobe Illustrator complex splines, 282 decorative elements for textures,

284 repetitive patterns, 284-285 tech graphics, 283-284 text on paths, 300 trace, 288 vector art for importing, 281

Adobe ImageReady, 291 Adobe Photoshop

edge creation for Alpha Channel, 303

overview, 281 plugins for BodyPaint 3D, 277

Advanced Render, 264 Airplane hat, 136-145 Alcove door, 252 Alpha Channel, 20, 109-1 10, 115,

224-225, 227-228, 303 Animatics, 342 Animation. See also Motion graphics

anticipatory hops, 142-143 1 cameras

following moving object, 21 7 213

helix spline path, 215-217 spline path, 213

characters. See Character animation custom tangents, 138-141 definition, 135 deletion, 88 easing, 140 F-curves, 31-33, 138-139,205-206 facial expressions, 167-1 69 light position, 132-133 materials, 118-120

pipeline, X-xi point level animation, 56-5 7,

147, 167-168,206 Position Keys, 137-139 principles, 142, 204 random twists, 36-37 squash and stretch, 143-145 Sweep NURBS, 79 text, 298, 302-303, 308-309 working view adjustment, 144

Animation Palette, 10-11, 13, 56, 100 Animation Layout, 33 Antialiasing, 222 Apply Tool, 34, 44 Arm movement, 199-200 Array Object, 5, 315 Art history, 340-341 Atom Array, 25-26, 29, 302, 319-320 Attributes Manager, 2, 14, 19, 44, 46,

81,88,296 Auto-Switch Mode, 5 7 Automatic Keyframing, 200-201 Axis Center, 49

B Backdrop, 25 7-258 Background, 257 Banji shader, 12, 14, 22, 29, 1 1 7 Barometer cone, 11-12, 47-50 Batch Rendering, 11 7 Batty box, 146-148 Bend, 86,298 Bezier NURBS, 74, 81-83 Bezier Spline Tool, 66 Bind, 180 BodyPaint 3D

head painting, 274-278 lettering, 273-274 mask creation, 272-273 projection painting, 274, 276, 278 setup wizard, 268, 275 tips, 277 tools, 268-271

Boolean operations, 93-4 / Bridge tool, 60-61 Brush, 162

Brush Presets, 270-271 Bryce, 259 Bubbling teardrop, 14-16 Bulge, 88-89 Bump, 67, 106-107, 110, 112, 11

268-269, 271, 276

C CA. See Character animation Cactus Dan's Character plugins,

236 Cameras

animation following moving object, 21 7 helix spline path, 215-21 7 spline path, 213

audience perspective, 207 complex movements, 124 Depth of Field, 217-218 Film Offset, 220 focal length, 215 looking through objects, 220

moving versus zooming, 2 19-220

null object placement, 217 object creation, 208 plugins, 237 switching, 219 target camera, 21 2-2 13 view set up, 209-21 1 virtual lens and filter effects, 218

Caps, 73 Capsule, 21 Careers, 342-343 Cel Rendering, 226 Chamfer tool, 69-70 Character animation (CA)

arm movement, 199-200 Automatic Keyframing, 200-201 character design for movement,

173-1 74 character forms, 171-1 72 clothing, 188-190 development tips, 190-194 F-curves, 31-33, 138-139,205-206 forward kinematics, 175, 196-197,

201-202 head, 198-199 inverse kinematics, 175, 182-185,

202-204 MOCCA tools. See MOCCA tools multiple characters, 190 planning timing and motion, 206 plugins, 236 point level animation, 56-57, 147,

167-168,206 PoseMixer, 168-1 69, 187-1 88,

204-205 rigging preparation, 174-1 75 skeleton fitting in another character,

185-187 upper body, 197-198

Checkerboard, 25 Cheen shader, 12 Chin, 164 Circle, 72, 78 Circle spline, 326 Clockworks, 315-3 18 Cloner object, 316-31 7, 324,

327-328

Clothilde, 188-190 Clothing, 188-190 Clouds, 64-66 Clown collar, 109-1 10 C.O.F.F.E.E., 241 Color, 25 Color barrel, 33-37 Color drops, 12-14 Color palette, 271 Color Parameter Page, 7 Color randomization, 325-326 Colors tab, 268-269, 276 Cone, 11, 14 Connect, 53, 60 Content Browser, 18, 292 Coordinates Manager, 4 Coordinates panel, 9-1 1, 23, 28 Copying

joints, 180 materials, 5 objects, 5

Core1 Painter, 287 Cosmic receiver, 21-23 Create Polygon, 50 Creativity

art history studies, 340-341 character development, 192-194 holistic art, 338, 340 library of digital details, 338 objective versus subjective

treatments, 334 physics, 333 scrapbooking, 336-337 sketching, 333 storyboarding, 342 textures, 336 thinking outside the box, 332-333 time optimization, 340 voice finding, 33 1-332 work habits, 341

Crown of stars, 148-150 Crumple, 259 Cube, 23,93, 106,167 Curly glass tube, 76-79 Current Frame, 223 Current State to Object, 306 Cyclorama, 258 Cylinder, 3, 16-17, 19, 29, 33, 37

D Dane1 shader, 22, 11 7 Deformers

basics, 87 Bend, 86 Bulge, 88-89 Explosion, 91-93 hierarchy, 87 Shatter, 89-90 Shear, 91 Twist, 85 Wind, 90-91

Depth of Field, 21 7-218 Deselecting, 44 Dials, 283 Dice, 93-98,245-246 Disc, 40 Display, 98 DiTools 1.5, 231-232 DNA spinner, 16-18 Doors, 252 Duplicate, 21, 24, 28, 34

E Ear, 157-159 Ease-in, 140 Ease-out, 140 Easy and breezy, 25-28 Easy ease, 140 Emitter, 263-264 Environment. See Interior environment;

Outdoor environment Explosion, 91-93 Extrude Inner, 45-46, 62 Extrude NURBS, 72-74, 297, 299-300,

305,321 Eye, 154-157, 166-167

F Fake facade, 110 False facade, 258 Fast Fur, 237 F-curve, 31-33, 138-139,205-206 Field rendering, 224 File format, 223-224 Fillet Cap, 73 Film Offset, 220 Final Cut Pro, 288, 291

Find and Replace plugin, 230 Fire, 265-266 Firefly lantern, 29-33 Fisheye lens, 218 Fit to Object, 106 Fizz, 239 FK. See Forward kinematics Flag, 90-91 Flash Ex, 290 Floor, 247 Floor Object, 259 Floral garland, 252 Flower Spline, 68-69 Focal length, 215 Foreground, 25 7 Forward kinematics (FK), 175,

196-197,201-202 Frame, 223-224 Frame Active Object, 67, 74 Frame rate, 224 Frame Scene, 21 Freeware, 238 Fur. See Hair fusionThing, 233

G Galaxy Ball, 3-1 1 GarageBand, 288-289 Garland, 252 Gauges, 283 Glass palladian, 11 1 Glitter, 112, 114 GO~OS, 128-129 Gold, 1 14-1 15 Gradient, 17, 20 Grass, 262 Grouping, 5, 21 Grunge, 114, 336 Grungy wood, 105-106 Gyro, 28-29

H Hair

adding, 169-1 70 plugins, 237

Hand animation, 187-188 Hand charm, 117 Hand Controller, 183-184, 202

Hardware, digital artist, 294, 334 HDRI rendering, 228 Head

animation, 198-199 animation of expressions, 167-169 chin, 164 ear, 157-159 eye, 154-157, 166-167 hair, 169-1 70 mouth, 163-165 neck, 166 nose, 153-154 painting in Bodypaint 3D,

274-278 shape and shaping, 151-153,

159-163 teeth, 167 templates, 15 7 views, 156

Head Controller, 184, 202 HELIX, 230 Helix, 77 Help, 49 High dynamic range imaging.

See HDRI rendering, 228 Holistic thinking, xi, 338, 340 Hotkeys. See Shortcuts HyperNURBS, 40, 43, 59, 61, 74, 81,

162,251 Hypno TV, 38, 11 7-1 18

I Icon Palette, 3 IK. See Inverse kinematics Image map, 104-105 Importing

files, 15 splines, 70

Interactive Render Region, 27, 225 Interior environment

architectural details, 252-253 basic structure, 250 large environments, 25 1 light mixing, 253-254 remodeling, 25 1

Inverse kinematics (IK), 175, 182-185, 202-204

iView, 293

I Jenna, 239 Joints

binding independent parts, 181 mesh, 180-181 Weight tool, 181-182

copying, 180, 184 creation, 176-, 185179 naming, 179 rotating, 196-198

K Knife, 54-55, 58-59 Knife Cube, 59

L Landscapes, 258-259 Lathe NURBS, 74, 79-80 Layer Shader, 107 Library organization, 291-293, 338 Lightbulb, 66-67, 79-80, 129-131 Lighting

animating light position, 132-133

appropriate lighting features, 125 blinking puffs, 129-131 editing multiple light, 131-132 MAIN to FILL ratio, 122 mixing in interior space, 253-254 painting with light, 133-134 plugins, 237 shadow throwing, 128-129 three point lighting, 121-124 tips, 126 type changing, 124, 126 volumetric light, 126-128

Light mine, 131-132 Light painting, 133-134 Light Palette, 22 Line and a pole, 37-38 Littleface, 112 Live Selection Tool, 43 Lock Detail, 24 Loco, 239 Loft NURBS, 74-76,302 Loop Selection, 44 Luminance Parameter Page, 7

M Macintosh, xii Macromedia Freehand, 281, 285 Magnet tool, 56 Main Camera, 209 Make Object Editable, 40 Managers, 2 Mask, 272-273 Material Editor, 6-7, 13-14, 17,

19-20,22,26, 46, 103, 107 Materials

animation, 118-120 copying, 5 managing, 108 movie as material, 11 7-1 18 multiple materials on text, 299 paper, 30 placement on cloners, 327-328 placing and adjusting, 113 plugins, 237 shader editing, 11 7 texture error avoidance, 108

Materials Manager, 6-7, 12-14, 20, 22, 25, 27, 35, 101

Matrix Exude, 44 MAXON module, 238 Merge, 15 Metaball Object, 98-100, 260-261, 302 Mirror, 180, 184 MOCCA tools

Clothilde, 188-190 joints, 176-181

Modeling modes, 57-58 Model Tool, 4, 19, 95 Modules. See also specific modules

locating, 230 types, 238-240

MoGraph clockworks, 3 16-3 18 color randomization, 325-326 material placement on cloners,

327-328 Shader Effector, 325 Target Effector, 325 Text object, 309-312 text swarming, 324-325 Tracer, 326

Motion Blur, 225-226 Motion graphics

centroid, 3 18-3 19 clockworks, 3 16-3 18 design and flow principles, 3 14 rendering single elements for

compositing, 329 text swarming, 324-325 text wrapping, 320-321

Mouse, three-button, xii Mouth, 163-165 Move, 8-9 Move handles, 38 Move tool, 4, 13, 19, 40, 99 Moving curtain, 56-5 7 Multibrushes, 273, 276 Multi Channel Mode, 269 Multicolor magic, 116 Multi-Pass rendering, 226-227, 322 Multiple Spline Attach, 230 Music, 148, 266

N N.O.T.A., 232 Nature Spirit, 236, 262 Navigation, three-dimensional, 23 Neck, 166 New Material, 46, 106, 114 Nodes, 242-244 Nonuniform rational B-splines.

See NURBS Nose, 153-154 Nukei shader, 29 NURBS

Bezier NURBS, 74, 81-83 Extrude NURBS, 72-74 Lathe NURBS, 74, 79-80 Loft NURBS, 74-76 Sweep NURBS, 74, 76-79 text, 297,299-302, 305,

308-309 tool overview, 74

0 Object axis

repositioning, 47 tool, 47

Object Coordinate System, 76 Object Manager, 2, 6, 15-16, 29, 32,

46, 73, 93 Object Motion Blur, 225 Object Tool, 4, 9 Objects

copying, 5 manipulation, 9 renaming, 3

OmniDazzle, 293-294 OnyxGARDEN Suite, 233,262 Orbit handle, 242-244 Outdoor environment

backdrops, 257-258 backgrounds and foregrounds, 257 cyclorama, 258 false facades, 258 grass, 262 helper applications, 259, 262 landscapes, 258-259 rain and snow, 262-264 skies, 254-257 smoke and fire, 265-266 trees, 261-262 water, 259-261

Ozone, 234, 259

P Pandora's box, 23-25 Paper, 30 Paper crowns, 115-116 Parametric primitive, 1 Path, 224 Path Deformer, 230, 238 PC, xii Peephole box, 71-84 Petunia, 40-46 P for pipe, 59-63,88-89,98-100 PhyTools, 236, 261 Picture Viewer, 225 Pixie dust, 264-265 Pixologic Zbrush, 286 Plane, 52, 297 Platonic, 25 Plugins. See also specific plugins

commercial plugins character animation, 236

complex geometry generators, 230-233

dynamics simulation, 236 hair and fur, 237 materials, lighting, and cameras,

23 7 nature, 233-236 utility and modeling, 230

Freeware, 238 installation, 229 locating, 230 old plugins, 239

Point level animation, 56-57, 147, 167-168,206

Points tool, 55, 60-61, 245 Pole vector, 183 Polygons

creation, 50 manipulation, 43-44, 46 number requirements and move-

ment effects, 51-52 stitching, 52-53

PoseMixer, 168-169, 187-188, 204-205

Position Keys, 137-139 Postprocessing, 279-280 Primitives. See also specific primitives

editable primitives, 39-40 icon, 3 parametric, 1 splines, 67-68

Projection Painting, 274, 276, 278 Propeller, animation, 141-143 Prosthetics, 191 Push and pull trick, 55-56 Pyramid Prop, 85-87 PyroCluster, 265

Q Quicktime

formats, 224 VR movie rendering, 228 Web publishing, 290

R Rain, 262-264 RealFlow, 236, 261

Rectangular Selection Tool, 43, 151-152

Reflection, 111, 115 Render

Alpha Channel creation, 227-228 Effects tab, 225-227 General tab, 222 Interactive Render Region, 27, 225 Output tab, 223-224 Quicktime VR movie rendering, 228 Save tab, 224-225 settings shortcut, 221

Resolution, 223 Retro Robot, 70 Revert to Saved, 47 Rigging. See Character animation Rotate, 8 Rust, 272

S Scale, 8, 62 Scene Camera, 209 Scene Motion Blur, 226 Scrapbooking, 336-337 Selection, 44 Sequins, 112 Set Point Value, 303 Set Selection, 44 Shader Effector, 325 Shaders, 12, 14, 17, 22, 29, 31, 102,

104, 117,260 Shadows, 128-129 Shatter, 89-90 Shave and a Haircut, 237 Shear, 91 Shortcuts

animation, 10 BodyPaint 3D, 270 Bridge tool, 60 deselecting, 44 Extrude Inner, 45 joint creation, 176 knifing, 54 Make Object Editable, 40 Move, 8 push and pull trick, 55 Render settings, 221

Rotate, 8 Scale, 8 skeleton fitting in another character,

185-187 Timeline window, 88

Show Axis, 41 Simple Turbulence, 11 1, 114 Sketch and Toon, 238-239 Sketching, creative process, 333 Skies

Sky Object, 256-257 Sky Preset, 254-255

Slice panel, 24 Smoke, 265-266 Smooth, 162-163 Snow, 262-264 Soft interpolation, 65 Soft Selection, 162 Sound effects, 148, 266 Soundtrack, 289 Specular Color, 11 1, 11 5 SpeeDisplay, 230 Sphere, 5, 12, 16-17, 29, 37, 43, 91, 93 S pline

Bezier Spline Tool, 66 camera animation

helix spline path, 215-217 spline path, 213

Chamfer tool, 69-70 circle, 72, 78 cloud-shaped, 64-66 Flower Spline, 68-69 helix, 77 importing, 70 interior environment, 250 library, 70 lightbulb, 66-67, 79-80 nonuniform rational B-splines.

See NURBS point adding, 67 primitives, 67-68 sources and software, 288 text splines, 295-297,300-303

Spline Object, 64 Stage curtains, 81-83 Star, 67-68, 112 Starlight lantern, 18-21