the basic components of computer network
DESCRIPTION
The Basic Components of Computer Network . Created by: Ghadeer H. Abosaeed June 22, 2012. Learning . Students will be able to a- Identify the basic components of any computer network. b. Explain the different purposes of network components. Network Components. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: The Basic Components of Computer Network](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062410/5681617c550346895dd10b38/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
The Basic Components of
Computer Network
Created by: Ghadeer H. AbosaeedJune 22, 2012
![Page 2: The Basic Components of Computer Network](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062410/5681617c550346895dd10b38/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Learning
• Students will be able to a- Identify the basic components of any computer network. b. Explain the different purposes of network components.
![Page 3: The Basic Components of Computer Network](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062410/5681617c550346895dd10b38/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Network Components
A network operation needs devices that are designed to handle certain network functions. The devices are often called networking devices or equipment and specifically referred to as Network Components.
Each network component has a name that is related to its functions.
A network component's functions are not necessarily handled by a specific device. Therefore, there are many products combine several networking components in a device.
![Page 4: The Basic Components of Computer Network](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062410/5681617c550346895dd10b38/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
The Main Components of any Computer Network
• The Main Components of any Computer Network are:
1. Network Adapter OR Network Interface Card (NIC).
2. Modem
3. Hubs and Repeaters
4. Bridges and Switches
5. Routers
![Page 5: The Basic Components of Computer Network](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062410/5681617c550346895dd10b38/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Network Adapter OR
Network Interface Card (NIC) Network adapter works as an interface between a
computer or device and a network. Network adapter converts a computer message
into electrical or optical signals for transmission across the network.
Internal network adapter is installed inside a computer on an expansion slot.
External network adapter is a separate device that is connected to a computer via serial port, parallel port, and mostly USB port.
![Page 6: The Basic Components of Computer Network](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062410/5681617c550346895dd10b38/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Network Interface Card (NIC)
![Page 7: The Basic Components of Computer Network](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062410/5681617c550346895dd10b38/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Modem You must connect your computer to a modem or
install an internal modem inside your computer when you want to connect to the Internet.
The type of modem depends on the Internet access method that you choose.
You may need a voice band modem, a cable modem, an ADSL modem, or a GPRS modem.
Your modem will communicate with the corresponding modem at your ISP during an Internet connection, transmit your computer message to the ISP (upstream), and receive Internet content forwarded by the ISP (downstream).
![Page 8: The Basic Components of Computer Network](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062410/5681617c550346895dd10b38/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Modem
![Page 9: The Basic Components of Computer Network](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062410/5681617c550346895dd10b38/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Hubs
• Hub is the central connection point in a network.
• Hub is used in a network that uses star topology.
• A sending computer transmits its signal to a hub, the hub then retransmits the signal to all other computers.
• Using a hub, the network bandwidth (capacity) is shared by all available computers, therefore each computer only uses a portion of bandwidth.
![Page 10: The Basic Components of Computer Network](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062410/5681617c550346895dd10b38/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Hubs
• Hub is mostly used in small networks where there are only a few connected devices or computers.
• However, hub is not required if there are only two computers in a network.
• In that case, a direct connection using cable or wireless link can be used to connect both computers.
![Page 11: The Basic Components of Computer Network](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062410/5681617c550346895dd10b38/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Hubs
![Page 12: The Basic Components of Computer Network](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062410/5681617c550346895dd10b38/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Repeaters
• A Repeater receives signal from a transmitter, amplifies it, and retransmits it to a receiver.
• Repeater is put in a network to extend the network to a longer distance or a greater area.
• There can be more than one repeater between a transmitter and a receiver, however the number of repeaters is not unlimited, because additional repeaters may introduce more interference or noise.
![Page 13: The Basic Components of Computer Network](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062410/5681617c550346895dd10b38/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Repeaters
![Page 14: The Basic Components of Computer Network](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062410/5681617c550346895dd10b38/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Bridges• Bridges operate at the data link layer of the
OSI model. • The function of the bridge is to make
intelligent decisions about whether or not to pass signals on to the next segment of a network.
• When a bridge sees a frame on the network, it looks at the destination MAC address and compares it to the forwarding table to determine whether to filter, flood, or copy the frame onto another segment.
![Page 15: The Basic Components of Computer Network](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062410/5681617c550346895dd10b38/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Bridges
![Page 16: The Basic Components of Computer Network](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062410/5681617c550346895dd10b38/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Switches• Like hub, switch works as the central
connection point in a network.• Switches learn certain information about the
data packets that they receive from computers on the network.
• They use this to build forwarding tables to determine the destination of data being sent by one computer to another on the network.
• They help segment a network and reduce network traffic congestion by limiting each port to its own collision domain.
![Page 17: The Basic Components of Computer Network](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062410/5681617c550346895dd10b38/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Switches
![Page 18: The Basic Components of Computer Network](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062410/5681617c550346895dd10b38/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Routers• Routers operate at the Network layer of the
OSI model. • They are slower than bridges and switches
but make "smart" decisions on how to route packets received on one port to a network on another port.
• Routers are capable of segmenting the network.
• Routers are capable of segmenting a network into multiple collision domains as well as into multiple broadcast domains.
![Page 19: The Basic Components of Computer Network](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062410/5681617c550346895dd10b38/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Routers
• Routers can be computers with special network software installed on them or they can be other devices built by network equipment manufacturers.
• Routers contain tables of network addresses along with optimal destination routes to other networks.
![Page 20: The Basic Components of Computer Network](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062410/5681617c550346895dd10b38/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Routers
![Page 21: The Basic Components of Computer Network](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062410/5681617c550346895dd10b38/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Guide to Network Components,
http://freepctech.]com/pc/002/networks002.shtml