the book of idols (kitab al-asnam) by hisham ibn al-kalbi.odt

8/12/2019 The Book of Idols (Kitab Al-Asnam) by Hisham Ibn Al-Kalbi.odt

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The Book of Idols (Kitab Al-Asnam)by HishamIbn Al-Kalbi

THE BOOK OF IDOLS

BEING A TRANSLATION FRO THE ARABI!

OF THE KITAB AL-ASNAM

B" HISHA IBN-AL-KALBI

TRANSLATED #ITH INTROD$!TION AND NOTES B"

NABIH AMIN FARIS

1952.

Scanned by Andrew Vargo and made available wi! !e "ermi##ion o$ Princeton University

Press.
http://pup.princeton.edu/http://pup.princeton.edu/http://pup.princeton.edu/http://pup.princeton.edu/


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(%lab[21].6

7!e (iab al&A#nam. 7!i# wor* !a# come down o %# in a %ni;%e man%#cri" in !e (!iana! al&a*iya!) !e "rivae library o$ !e lae A!mad a*i 4a#!a o$ :airo) Cgy". 7!i# man%#cri") w!ic!wa# "%bli#!ed by i# learned owner $ir# in 191D and again in 192DE22) !a# one o$ !e mo#inere#ing and e3cellen "edigree# o$ any *nown man%#cri". I wa# ran#cribed $rom a co"ymade by !e well&*nown #c!olar ab%&Man#%r Maw!%b ibn&A!mad ibn&M%!ammad ibn&al&(!idr al&awili;iE2G) in A.H. 529A./. 11G5) $rom ano!er w!ic! !e !im#el$ !ad co"ied in A.H. D9DA./.11,, $rom a man%#cri" in !e !andwriing o$ ab%&al&Ha#an M%!ammad ibn&al&'Abba# ibn&Ali ibn&M%!ammad ibn&al&F%riE2D) w!o#e e3cellen "enman#!i" won !im !e %nanimo%# a""la%#e o$!e #c!olar# o$ !i# ime. @$ !im i wa# #aid) 6Hi# wriing i# !e $inal word in correcne## andacc%racyE25.6 @$ !e $ir# co"y w!ic! al&awali;i made in A.H. D9D no!ing i# *nown beyond !e$ac !a =a;% !ad acce## o i and %#ed i $reely in "re"aring !i# geogra"!ical dicionary)!e Mu'jam al-BuldanE2-.6 He even re"rod%ced) wi! !e omi##ion o$ one lin*) !e #ame c!ain o$a%!oriie# w!ic! "re$ace# !e "re#en recen#ionE2. F%r!ermore) mo# o$ !e e3 o$ !e Kitab

al-Asnam!a# been ;%oed by =a;%) al!o%g! i wa# bro*en %" in order o con$orm o dieal"!abeical arrangemen o$ !i# M%'?am. 7!e#e ;%oaion# gave


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D. &adhkirat at-Huffa$) vol.I) ".G1G.

5. c$. "rshad) vol. vii) "".2-1 se!. 7!e 'Am al&Fil +!e year o$ !e ele"!an i#ideni$ied wi! A./. 5, or 51) and i# #%""o#ed o be !e year in w!ic!M%!ammad wa# born. I i# #o called a$er !e ele"!an w!ic! i# #aid o !aveaccom"anied Abra!a!) !e A*#%mie viceroy o$ =emen $rom A./. 525&51) w!o

marc!ed again# Mecca in !a year) b% wa#) according o M%#lim radiion)mirac%lo%#ly %rned bac*.

-. &a'rikh Bahdad) vol. 3iv) ".D-.

. Kitab al-Ahani) B%la;) 1205) vol#. i3) ".19) LVIII) ". 1-1.

0. $olio D0-a.

9. @nly al&/!a!abi +d. AH. D0A/. 1GD0 acc%#e# ibn&al&(albi o$ being aRa$idie) w!ile ibn&al&'Imad al&Hanbali +d. A.H. 1,09 A./. 1-9) in!i#*hajarat al-hahab fi Akabar Man hahab) :airo) 1G5,) vol.II) ".1G) #ay#!a !e !ad Ra$idie leaning#. B% bo! !e#e are lae) and !e early #o%rce#

are com"leely #ilen on !i# "oin. 7!ere i#) !owever) evidence !a !i#grand$a!er and grea&grand$a!er were acive "ari#an# o$ 'Ali) !aving $o%g!on !i# #ide in bo! !e bale# o$ al&amal and Si$$in +Ma'arif) ". 2--. Hi# $a!eri# #%""o#ed o !ave $o%g! wi! 'Abd&al&Ra!min ibn&al&A#!'a! d%ring !elaer'# rebellion again# al&Ha??a? ibn&=%#%$ in A.H. 02 A./. ,1 a /ayr al&ama?im +Ma'arif) ".2-- ci. al&7abari) &a'rihk al-Rasul w-al-Muluk) ed. M. . deKoe?e and o!er#) eyden) 109&19,1) vol.II) "". 1,D&1,-. Beyond !a!ere i# no!ing o indicae !a !e wa# a Ri$idie) ei!er in !e #ric #en#e o$!e erm or in i# loo#e a""licaion o !e S!i'ie# in general. He mig! !avebeen an 'Ali admirer) b% !ardly any!ing more. For !e Ri$idie# a# a di#inc

#ec) #ee al&Nawba*!i) Fira! al-*hi'ah) ed. H. Rier) I#anb%l) 19GG) "".5G&558al&Bag!dadi)Mukhtasar at-Far! bayn al-Fira!) ed. 4. (. Hii) :airo) 192D) ".22.

1,. &adhkirat al-Huffa$) vol. I) ". G1G.

11. "rshad) vol. vii) ".25,.

12. "bid.) ".2518 &a'rikh Bahdad) vol. 3iv) ".D-. 7!e inen o$ !e inciden i#)o$ co%r#e) o #!ow !e "rodigio%# memory o$ ibn&al&(albi. I al#o #!ow# aendency oward# inde"endence a a very early age.

1G. 'Muraj al-hahab) ed. :. Barbier de Meynard and Vave de :o%reille) 4ari#)10-1&10) vol. I) "". 1,) 21-.

1D. Mu'jam al-Buldan) ed. F.


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!e Biblio!e;%e Naionale !a# no!ing o do wi! !eJamharah.

10. 4%bli#!ed by Keorgio evi /ella Vida) eyden) 1920.

19. A co"y o$ !i# wor* i# in !e "o##e##ion o$ F. (ren*ow.

2,. See below) ". 3i.

21. See :. yall) 6Ibn al&(albi'# acco%n o$ !e Fir# /ay o$ al&(%lab)6in Festshrift &heodor Noldeke) ed :. Beold) Kie#en) 19,-) "". 12&15D. yallrecon#r%ced !e narraive $rom !e "age# o$ al&Anbari'# commenary on al-Mufaddaliyat.

22. 7!e only di$$erence beween !e wo ediion# i# !a !e $ormer wa# doneon #"ecial "a"er bearing) in !e waermar*) !e monogram o$ 'Abba# Hilmi II)!e la# (!edive o$ Cgy") o w!om i wa# dedicaed) and !e dae A.H.1G29)!e year o$ !i# acce##ion.

2G. d A.H.) 5G9A./. 11DD8 #ee "rashad) vol. vii) "".19&1998 ibn.(!alli*en)vol.III) "".G5&G.

2D. Al&aar according o ibn&al&A!ir) al-Kamil fi al-&arikhed.

25. . 7ornberg) eyden) 10-&10D) vol. i3) ". D. He died in A.H. GDA/. 99D.See al#o &arikh Bahdad) vol. iii) "" 122&12G8 &adhirat al-Haffa$) vol. 3ii) "".2,5&2,-.

2-. &arikh Bahdad) vol. iii) ".12G) line 5.

2. Cd. F.


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INTROD$!TION

THE !HAIN OF A$THORITIES FOR THE %RESENT RE!ENSION

IN !e name o$ Kod !e Merci$%l) !e :om"a##ionae. I[1]wa# old by al&S!ay*! ab%&al&H%#ayn

al&M%b%ra* ibn&'Abd&al&abbar ibn&A!mad al&Sayra$i[2]) $rom w!om I received !e recen#ion)

!a) in !e year Eo$ !e Hi?ra! D-G[3]) ab%&a'$ar M%!ammad ibn&A!mad ibn&al&

M%#lima![4]relaed o !im !a !e wa# old by ab%&bayd&Alla! M%!ammad ibn&'Imran ibn&M%#a

al&Mar%bani[5]) wi! !e "ermi##ion o eac!) !a ab%&Ba*r A!mad ibn&M%!ammad

ibn&'Abd%lla! al&aw!ari[6]!ad relaed o !im on !e a%!oriy o$ ab%&'Ali al&Ha#an ibn&'layl al&

Anai[7]!a ab%&al&Ha#an 'Ali ibn&al&Sabba! ibn&F%ra[8]#aid !a in !e year Eo$ !e Hi?ra!2,1[9]) w!ile #%dying a !e $ee o$ Hi#!am ibn&al&(albi) !e received !e $ollowingJ Hi#!am i!n&

M%!ammad al&(albi #aidJ I wa# in$ormed by my $a!er[10]and o!er#) and I "er#onally c!ec*edand a#cerained !eir re"or) !a w!en I#!mael) !e #on o$ Abra!am) #eled in Mecca) !e begomany c!ildren. E7!eir de#cendan# m%li"lied #o m%c! !a !ey crowded !e ciy and#%""laned i# original in!abian#) !e Amale*ie#. aer on Mecca became overcrowded wi!!em) and di##en#ion and #ri$e aro#e among !em) ca%#ing !em o $ig! among !em#elve# andcon#e;%enly be di#"er#ed !ro%g!o% !e land w!ere !ey roamed #ee*ing a liveli!ood.

7!e rea#on w!ic! led !em o !e wor#!i" o$ image# and #one# wa# !e $ollowingJ No one le$Mecca wi!o% carrying away wi! !im a #one $rom !e #one# o$ !e Sacred Ho%#e +al&Harama# a o*en o$ reverence o i) and a# a #ign o$ dee" a$$ecion o Mecca.

!e (a'ba! Ebe$ore !i# de"ar%re $rom Mecca) #ee*ing !ereby i# ble##ing and a$$irming !i# dee"a$$ecion $or !e Sacred Ho%#e. In $ac) !e Arab# #ill venerae !e (a'ba! and Mecca and ?o%rneyo !em in order o "er$orm !e "ilgrimage and vi#iaion) con$orming !ereby o !e ime!onored c%#om w!ic! !ey in!eried $rom Abra!am and I#!mael.

In ime !i# led !em o !e wor#!i" o$ w!aever oo* !eir $ancy) and ca%#ed !em o $orge !eir$ormer wor#!i". 7!ey e3c!anged !e religion o$ Abra!am and I#!mael $or ano!er. :on#e;%enly!ey oo* o !e wor#!i" o$ image#) becoming li*e !e naion# be$ore !em. 7!ey #o%g! anddeermined w!a !e "eo"le o$ Noa! !ad wor#!i"ed o$ !e#e image# and ado"ed !e wor#!i" o$!o#e w!ic! were #ill remembered among !em. Among !e#e devoional "racice# were #omew!ic! came down $rom !e ime o$ Abra!am and I#!mael) #%c! a# !e veneraion o$ !e

Ho%#e[11]and i# circ%mamb%laion) !e "ilgrimage) !e vi#iaion or !e le##er 4al-umrah5) !e

vigil +al&w%;%l on 'Ara$a![12]

and Eal& M%dali$a![13]

#acri$icing #!e&camel#) and rai#ing

acclamaion o$ !e name o$ !e deiy 4tahlil5[14]age and !e vi#iaion) inrod%cing !ere ino

belonging o i. 7!%# w!enever !e Niar[15]rai#ed !eir voiceE !e tahlil) !ey were won o#ayJ

6Here we are @ ord> Here we are> Here we are>7!o% !a# no a##ociae #ave one w!o i# !ine7!o% !a# dominion over !im and over w!a !e

"o##e##e![16]. 6

7!ey wo%ld !%# declare Hi# %niy !ro%g! !e talbiyahE1and a !e #ame %ne a##ociae !eir

god# wi! Him "lacing !eir a$$air# in Hi# !and#. :on#e;%enly) Kod #aid o Hi# 4ro"!e) 6Andmo# o$ !em believe no in a##ociaing o!er deiie# wi! HimE10.6 In o!er word#) !ey wo%ldno declare Hi# %niy !ro%g! !e *nowledge o$ Hi# rig!$%l d%e#) wi!o% a##ociaing wi! Him#ome o$ Hi# own crea%re#.
http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/introduction.htm#1http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/introduction.htm#2http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/introduction.htm#3http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/introduction.htm#4http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/introduction.htm#5http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/introduction.htm#6http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/introduction.htm#7http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/introduction.htm#8http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/introduction.htm#9http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/introduction.htm#10http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/introduction.htm#11http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/introduction.htm#12http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/introduction.htm#13http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/introduction.htm#14http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/introduction.htm#15http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/introduction.htm#16http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/introduction.htm#17http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/introduction.htm#18http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/introduction.htm#1http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/introduction.htm#2http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/introduction.htm#3http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/introduction.htm#4http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/introduction.htm#5http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/introduction.htm#6http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/introduction.htm#7http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/introduction.htm#8http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/introduction.htm#9http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/introduction.htm#10http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/introduction.htm#11http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/introduction.htm#12http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/introduction.htm#13http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/introduction.htm#14http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/introduction.htm#15http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/introduction.htm#16http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/introduction.htm#17http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/introduction.htm#18


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7!e talbiyaho$ !e 'A**[19]) w!enever !ey #e o% on a "ilgrimage) wa# a# $ollow#J 7!ey wo%ld"lace a !e !ead o$ !e caravan wo o$ !eir blac* #lave w!o wo%ld lead !e "roce##ion and #ay)

6

!e sa'ibah[22]) !e wasilah[23]) !e bairah[24])the hamiyah[25]) wa# 'Amr ibn&Rabi'a!) w!o i#

%!ayy ibn&Hari!a! ibn&Amr ibn&'Amir al&Adi[26]) !e $a!er o$ !e (!%'a![27]Eribe.

7!e mo!er o$ 'Amr ibn&%bayy wa# F%!ayra![28]) !e da%g!er o$ 'Amr ibn&al&Hari![29]. I i#

al#o #aid !a #!e wa# am'a![30]) !e da%g!er o$ M%dad al&%r!%mi[31].

I wa# al&Hari![32]w!o %#ed o be !e c%#odian o$ !e (a'ba!. B% w!en 'Amr ibn&%!ayy cameEo Mecca !e di#"%ed !i# rig! o i# c%#ody) and wi! !e aid o$ !e c!ildren o$ I#!mael) $o%g!

!e %r!%mie#[33]) de$eaed !em) and cleared !em o% o$ !e (a'ba!8 !e !en drove !em o%o$ Mecca) and oo* over !e c%#ody o$ !e Sacred Ho%#e +al Bay a$er !em.

He !en became very #ic*) and wa# old) 67!ere i# a !o #"ring in al&Bal;a [34]) in Syria +al&

S!a'm8 i$ yo% wo%ld go !ere) yo% wo%ld be c%red[35].6 So !e wen o !e !o #"ring) ba!ed!erein) and wa# c%red. /%ring !i# #ay !ere) !e noiced !a !e in!abian# o$ !e "lacewor#!i""ed idol#. He) !ere$ore) ;%eried !em #aying) 6

. d. A.H. 29, A./. 9,2&9,G8 #ee &a'rikh Bahdad) vol. VII) "". G90&G99.

0. d. A.H. 2-2 A./. 05&0-8 #ee &a'rikh Bahdad) vol. 3i) "" DG9&DD,

9. A./. 01-&01.

1,. M%!ammad ibn&al&Sa'ib al&(albi) d. A.H. 1D- A./. -G8 al-Fihrist) ".95.

11. 7!e (a'ba!.

12. Buldan) vol. iii) "". -D5&-D0.

1G. ibid7) vol. iv) "". 519&52,. Bo! 'Ara$a! and "lace# in !e viciniy o$ Mee# conneced wi!!e "ilgrimage.

1D. 7!e normal $orm%la o$ !e tahlili#J la ialaha illa allah+7!ere i# no Kod b% Alla!8 c$.
http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/introduction.htm#19http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/introduction.htm#20http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/introduction.htm#21http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/introduction.htm#22http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/introduction.htm#23http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/introduction.htm#24http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/introduction.htm#25http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/introduction.htm#26http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/introduction.htm#27http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/introduction.htm#28http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/introduction.htm#29http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/introduction.htm#30http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/introduction.htm#31http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/introduction.htm#32http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/introduction.htm#33http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/introduction.htm#34http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/introduction.htm#35http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/introduction.htm#19http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/introduction.htm#20http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/introduction.htm#21http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/introduction.htm#22http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/introduction.htm#23http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/introduction.htm#24http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/introduction.htm#25http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/introduction.htm#26http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/introduction.htm#27http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/introduction.htm#28http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/introduction.htm#29http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/introduction.htm#30http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/introduction.htm#31http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/introduction.htm#32http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/introduction.htm#33http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/introduction.htm#34http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/introduction.htm#35


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!allel%?a!.

15. 7!e main gro%" o$ !e Nor!&Arabian ribe#8 #ee ibn&/%rayd al Adi) (iab al&l#!i;a;) ed.

F.

2-. "shti!a!". 2-8 ibn&Hi#!am *irat Rausl Allah) ed. F.


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Isaf and Na'ilah

Ab%&al&M%nd!ir Hi#!im ibn&M%!ammad #aidJ Al&(albi[1]relaed on !e a%!oriy o$ a!%&

Sa!li![2]w!o) in %rn) relaed on !e a%!oriy o$ ibn&'Abba#[3]) !a I#i$ and Ni'ila! +a man $rom!e %r!%m called I#i$ ibn&=a'la and Ea woman called Ni'ila!) !e da%g!er o$ ayd) ano!er%r!%mie Ewere wo lover#. I#i$ wa# co%ring Na'ila! in !e land o$ =emen. 7!ey #e o% o"er$orm !e "ilgrimage. "on !eir arrival in Mecca !ey enered !e (a'ba!. 7a*ing advanage o$!e ab#ence o$ anyone el#e and o$ !e "rivacy o$ !e Sacred Ho%#e) I#a$ commied ad%lery wi!

!er in !e #anc%ary. 7!ere%"on !ey were ran#$ormed ino #one) becoming wo miskhs. 7!eywere !en a*en o% and "laced in !eir re#"ecive "lace#. aer on) !e (!%a'a! and !e%ray#!) a# well a# everyone w!o came on "ilgrimage o !e Sacred Ho%#e) wor#!i""ed !em.

7!e $ir# among !e :!ildren o$ I#!mael) and among o!er "eo"le be#ide#) o ado" #%c! idol#and give !em individ%al name#) in accordance wi! !e radiion# w!ic! "er#i#ed concerning

!em w!en !e "eo"le de"ared $rom !e religion o$ I#!mael) were !e H%d!ayl ibn&M%dri*a!.[4]

F@@7N@7CS

1. M%!ammad ibn&al&Sa'ib) !e $a!er o$ !e a%!or.

2. /!a*wan al&Samman) d. A.H. 1,1 A./. 19&2,8 &adhkirat al-Huffa$) vol. 1. ". 0G8 ibn&Sa'd) vol. v) ".222) vol. vi) ".150.

G. Abd%lla!) co%#in o$ !e 4ro"!e) d. A.H. -9 A./. -00&-098 ab%&N%'aym al&I#$a!ani) Hilyat

al-Awliya wa-&aba!at al-Asfiya') vol. 1) :airo) 1G51) "".GGD&G298 al&Nawawi) &ahdhib al-Asma') ed. F.


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S()a'

7!e H%d!ayl ado"ed S%wa[1]Ea# !eir god and "laced i in R%!a[2]in !e viciniy o$ =anb%'[3])

one o$ !e village# o$ Medina. 7!e c%#odian# Eo$ i# em"le were !e ban%&i!yan[4]. However) I

!ave no !eard any menion o$ i in !e "oem# o$ !e H%d!alie# [5]. I did) !owever) !ear o$ i in a"oem by a cerain man $rom =emen.

F@@7N@7CS

1. K. Ryc*man#) %es Nom 8rofres *ud-*emiti!ues) o%vain) 19GD) vol. 1) ".2G8


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"a*h(+h7!e Mad!!i?[1]a# well a# !e "eo"le o$ %ra#![2]ado"ed =ag!%![3]+a# !eir god. Said !e"oeJ

6May


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"a'(,

7!e (!aywin[1]ado"ed =a'%;[2]a# !eir god. I wa# "laced in a village o$ !eir# called

(!aywan[3]) a a di#ance o$ wo nig!#' ?o%rney oward# Mecca. I !ave no !eard o$ !e

Hamdan[4]) or o$ any o!er ribe among !e Arab#) naming any o$ !eir member# a$er =a'%; Ei.e.calling any individ%al 'Abd&=a'%;. Nor !ave I ever !eard o$ any menion o$ =a'%; in !eir "oery. I

!in* !i# i# beca%#e !ey were #i%aed clo#e o San'a[5]) and con#e;%enly mi3ed wi! !e

Himyar[6]and embraced %dai#m wi! !em a !e #ame ime w!en d!%&N%wa#[7]acce"ed !ereligion o$ I#rael and convered !i# $ollower# o i.

FOOTNOTES

1. "shti!a!) ".252.

2.


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Ri'am

7!e Himyar !ad al#o ano!er em"le 4bayt5in San'a'. I wa# called Ri'am [1]8 !e "eo"leveneraed i and o$$ered in i #acri$ice#. According o one re"or) !ey %#ed o receivecomm%nicaion# $rom an oracle !erein.

!e 7%bba') oge!er wi! !e "eo"le o$ =emen) embraced %dai#m [2]. Hence$or! I never !eardo$ any menion o$ Ri'am and Na#r ei!er in "oery or in "ro"er name#. F%r!ermore) !e Arab#"re#erved no!ing o$ i# "oery e3ce" !o#e "oem# w!ic! belonged o !e "eriod immediaely"receding I#lam.

Hi#!am ab%&al&M%nd!ir #aidJ I !ave no !eard a #ingle ver#e o$ "oery in de#cri"ion o$ Ri'am [3].I !ave) !owever) !eard #ome in de#cri"ion o$ !e o!er#.

7!e#e) !en) are !e $ive idol# w!ic! !e "eo"le o$ Noa! %#ed o wor#!i". For !i# rea#on Kodmenioned !em in Hi# Boo*) w!ic! He revealed o Hi# 4ro"!e) 6Said Noa!) '@ ord> !ey rebelagain# me) and !ey $ollow !o#e w!o#e ric!e# and c!ildren do b% aggravae !eir r%in.' And!ey "loed a grea "lo8 and !ey #aid) 'For#a*e no yo%r god#8 For#a*e no


16/51


17/51

FOOTNOTES1. *urahliii) 2,8 Ryc*man#) vol.i) "" 10&198


18/51


19/51

D. c$. 6ambarab6 +Br. M%#. MS) ". 15D.

5. "shti!a!) ". 10G.

-. ibid7) ".G15.

. ibid7) ". G15.

0. *urahIIJ 19.

9.Al-Ahani) vol. 3v) "".5&) vol. 33i +ed. I. S. Br%nnow) eyden) 1000) ". 10-.

1,. Ibn&%ayba!) al-*hi'r w-al-*hu'ara') ed. M. . de Koe?e) eyden) 19,2&19,D) "". 05&008 al-Ahani) vol. 33i) "". 105&21,.

11. (ing o$ a*!m) beer *nown a# 'Amr ibn&Hind. See al&I#$a!ini) "" 1,9&11,.

12. Heb. massebhah) %#%ally ran#laed 6"illar#.6 See Ken 333vJ 2,J118 Sam. 3viiiJ 108 c$.

Ken. 33viiiJ 10) 22) 333iJ 1G)D5) 333vJ 1D8 o#!. 33ivJ 28 Keorge A. Baron) 64ole# and 4o##6in ame# Ha#ing#) Cncyclo"aedia o$ Religion and C!ic#) New =or*) 19,0&1928 /.M. (ay

6Ma##eb!a!6 inibid7J Keorge A. Baron) *emiti and Hamiti 1riins) 4!iladel"!ia) 19GD ""15,$$.

1G.A:-Ahanivol 33i ".2,8 ie +edihte des Mutalammis) ed. R. Voller#) ei"ig) 19,G) ".2G.

1D. AH. 9A./. -G,&-G1 See *irah) "".91D&91.

15. aer became !e governor o$ al&Ba#ra! and al&(%$a!8 d. A.H. 5, A/. -,8 al-Ma'arif""15,&151.

1-. c$. *irah"" 91&919.

1. ibid7) ".01.

10. Buldanvol iv "" GG&GG08 c$. *irah) ".01.

19.Al-Ahanivol 3 "". -&08 al-*hi'r w-al-*h'ara') "".99&1,2. Al#o R%dol$ Keyer) Kedic!e %ndFragmene de# 6A%# ibn Ha?ar6 in *it$unsberihte der 8hiloso,hish-Historishen 0lasse derKaiserlihen Akademie der (issenshaften) vol.12-) Vienna) 1092) 4. 3iii) #ee. 3i) line 2.


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Al-$..a

7!ey !en ado"ed al&'a[1]a# !eir godde##. S!e i#) in "oin o$ ime) more recen !an ei!erAlla or Mana!) #ince I !ave !eard !a !e Arab# named !eir c!ildren a$er !e laer wo be$ore

!ey named !em a$er al&'a. 7!%# I !ave $o%nd !a 7amim ibn&M%rr[2]!ad called !i# #onE#

ayd&Mana! ibn&7amim ibn&M%rr ibn&dd ibn&7abi*!a!'[3]and 'Abd&Mana! ibn&dd[4]. Similarly

7!a'laba! ibn&'*aba![5]named !i# #on a$er Alli) calling !im 7aym&Alla[6]. E@!er# were J7aym&Alla ibn&R%$ayda! ibn&7!awr) ayd&Alla ibn&R%$ayda! ibn&7!awr ibn&

Have yo% #een Alla and al&'a) and Mana! !e !irdidol be#ide# 7!e#eare mere name#J ye and yo%r $a!er# named !em !%#J

Kod !a! no #en down any warrany in !eir regard[18].6

7!e %ray#! !ad dedicaed o i) in !e valley o$ H%rad) a ravine 4shi'b5called S%;amE19and

were won o vie !ere wi! !e Sacred 7erriory o$ !e (a'ba!. Ab%&%nd%b al&H%d!ali E2,+al#o

al&irdi) de#cribing a woman wi! w!om !e wa# in love) com"o#ed !e $ollowing ver#e# andmenioned in !em a vow w!ic! #!e made o !im #wearing by al&'aJ
http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/uzza.htm#1http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/uzza.htm#2http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/uzza.htm#3http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/uzza.htm#4http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/uzza.htm#5http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/uzza.htm#6http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/uzza.htm#7http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/uzza.htm#8http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/uzza.htm#9http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/uzza.htm#10http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/uzza.htm#11http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/uzza.htm#11http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/uzza.htm#12http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/uzza.htm#13http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/uzza.htm#14http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/uzza.htm#15http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/uzza.htm#16http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/uzza.htm#17http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/uzza.htm#18http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/uzza.htm#19http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/uzza.htm#20http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/uzza.htm#1http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/uzza.htm#2http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/uzza.htm#3http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/uzza.htm#4http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/uzza.htm#5http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/uzza.htm#6http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/uzza.htm#7http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/uzza.htm#8http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/uzza.htm#9http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/uzza.htm#10http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/uzza.htm#11http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/uzza.htm#12http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/uzza.htm#13http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/uzza.htm#14http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/uzza.htm#15http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/uzza.htm#16http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/uzza.htm#17http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/uzza.htm#18http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/uzza.htm#19http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/uzza.htm#20


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6S!e #wore an earne# and #olemn oa!By !er o w!om !e vale# o$ S%;am were dedicaedJ I$ !o% wo%ld# no re%rn myclo!e#) go)For !e re# o$ my li$e I wo%ld !ae !ee.Since i wa# !ard $or !im o "ar wi! %mm&H%wayri!)

He became eager o $%l$il !er de#ire[20].6

/ir!am ibn&ayd al&Aw#iE21al#o #aidJ

6By !e ord o$ al&'a) !e "ro"iio%#)

And by Kod bewi3 w!o#e Ho%#e Eand S%;am Sari$[23]#and#[24].6

S!e al#o !ad a "lace o$ #acri$ice called al&K!abg!abE25w!ere !ey o$$ered !eir oblaion#.

H%d!aliE2-#"ea*# o$ i in a #aire w!ic! !e com"o#ed again# a cerain man w!o !ad married abea%i$%l woman w!o#e name wa# A#mr. He #aidJ

6A#mi' wa# married o !e ?awbone o$ a lile cow

I wa# c%#omary o divide !e $le#! o$ !e #acri$ice among !o#e w!o !ad o$$ered i and among!o#e "re#en a !e ceremony.

N%!ay*a! al&Faari[28]) addre##ing 'Amir ibn&al&7%$ayl[29]) #"ea*# o$ al&K!abg!ab #ayingJ 6@'Amir> I$ we !ad b% overa*en !ee wi! o%r #"ear#)

By !e #ar# !a Ewac! over Mina[30]

and al&K!abg!ab>

7!o% wo%ld# !ave avoided !e !r%# o$ a bold warriorby %rning !y !ind "ar)@r !o% wo%ld# !ave a*en !y re#ing "lace wi! nei!er

!onor nor #!ro%d[31].6

ay# ibn&M%n;id! ibn&'bayd ibn&/airEG2ibn&H%b#!iya!EGGibn&Sal%l al&(!%a'i +born o awoman o$ !e ban%&H%dad o$ !e (inana! w!ile o!er# !old !a #!e wa# o$ !e Eban%& H%dad o$!e M%barib w!o i# E!e #ame a# ay# ibn&H%dadiya!EGD) #"ea*ing o$ i) #aidJ

6


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Ri$a'a! ibn&al&Hari! ibn&'ba! ibn&S%laym i!n&Man#%r o$ !e ban%&S%laym[39]. 7!e la# o$ !em

o !old i# c%#ody wa# /%bayya! ibn&Harami al&S%lami[40]. In connecion wi! a vi#i o/%bayya!) in w!ic! !e wa# given a good "air o$ #!oe#) ab%&(!ira#! #aidJ

6

:are$%lly and evenly made o$ !e !ide o$ a $%ll&grown o3)7r%ly !ey are a wor!y "re#en o give.How e3cellen i# !e "lace w!ere !i# g%e## re#)

See"ed in b%er) a#y and #wee[41].6

Al&'a conin%ed o be veneraed %nil Kod #en Hi# 4ro"!e w!o ridic%led !er oge!er wi! !eo!er idol# and $orbade !er wor#!i". A !e #ame ime a revelaion concerning !er came down in

!e (oran[42]. 7!i# "roved very !ard %"on !e %ray#!. 7!en ab%&!ay!a! +Sa'id ibn&al&'A# ibn&

mayya! ibn&'Abd&S!am# ibn&'Abd&Mana$[43]wa# a*en #ic* by w!a "roved o be !i# la# and

$aal #ic*ne##. A# !e lay on !i# dea!bed) ab%&a!ab[44]came o vi#i and $o%nd !im wee"ing.7!ere%"on ab%&a!ab a#*ed) 6

#aid %no !im) 6Ko %no a ree in !e valley o$ Na*!la![48]and c% i down.6 (!alid wen !ereo)ca"%red /%bayya!) w!o wa# !e c%#odian o$ al&'a) and *illed !im. Ab%&(!ira#! al&H%d!ali#aid lamening /%bayya!J

6

Amid !e wine&bibber#8 !e drew no nig!) !e did no a""ear.I$ !e were living I wo%ld !ave come wi! a c%"

@$ !e ban%&Hai$[49]ma*e) $illed wi!Bacc!%# oil. Kenero%# and noble i# !e8 no #ooner !i# wine c%"#Are $illed !an !ey become em"y) li*e an old an* $%ll o$!ole# in !e mid# o$ winer.

S%;am[50]!a# become de#olae) de#ered byall o$ i# $riend#) e3ce" !e wild bea## and !e wind w!ic!

blow# !ro%g! i# em"y c!amber#[52].6

+Said ab%&al&M%nd!irJ Al&Hai$ i# a clan o$ !e ban%&'Amr ibn&A#ad.6 & . . . [53]

Ab%&al&M%nd!ir #aidJ Sa'id ibn&al&'A# ab%&!ay!a! wa# won o don a %rban w!ile in Mecca.
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Among !eir idol#) !e %ray#! al#o !ad I#i$ and Na'ila![66]. @n being ran#$ormed ino "eri$ied$orm) !ey were "laced by !e (a'ba! in order !a "eo"le mig! #ee !em and be warned.Finally) a# !eir origin became remoe and) !ere$ore) $orgoen) and idol wor#!i" came inovog%e) !ey were wor#!i""ed wi! !e o!er idol#. @ne o$ !em #ood clo#e o !e (a'ba! w!ile

!e o!er wa# "laced by amam[67]. aer) !e %ray#! moved !e one w!ic! #ood clo#e o !e(a'ba! o !e #ide o$ !e o!er by amam w!ere !ey #acri$iced o bo!.

@$ !em ab%&7alib[68]#aid) #wearing by !em w!en !e %ray#! %nied again# !e ban%&Hi#!im[69]in connecion wi! !e ri#e o$ !e 4ro"!eJ

6no !e !o%#e Eo$ Kod I bro%g! my men and my *in)And !eld $a# o !e veil# o$ i# c%rain#8=ea) w!ere !e ban%&al&A#!'ar !al I bro%g! !em all)

'Abd&(%lal[74]) and 'Abd&R%da[75].

Some o$ !e radiioni## relaed !a R%da[76]wa# a em"le w!ic! belonged o !e ban%&Rabi'a!

ibn&Sa'd ibn&ayd ibn&Mani![77]. I wa# de#royed by al&M%#awg!ir Ew!o#e real name wa# 'Amr

ibn&Rabi'a! ibn&Sa'd ibn&ayd ibn&Mana! ibn&7amim[78]. He wa# called al&M%#awg!ir +ira#cible)c!oleric beca%#e !e once #aid !e $ollowingJ

67!e waer g%rgle# in !e waer*in#i*e !e g%rgling 4wahir5o$ !e mil* w!en !e !o#one i# in i !rown.6

I marc!ed again# R%da and b%rn i down)And le$ i a !ea" o$ a#!e#) c!arred and blac*.I called %"on 'Abd%lla!'# aid $or i# de#r%cion8Verily i$ i# one li*e 'Abd%lla! w!o wo%ld dare %nlaw$%l

!ing# o do[79].6

Ibn&Ad!'am[80]) a man o$ !e ban%&'Amir ibn&'Aw$ o$ !e (alb Eribe) #aidJ

6

7!ey cornered !ee) b% !o% #li""ed o% o$ !eir !and#A# a loc%# once #li""ed o% o$ al&'Ayyar'# Eoo!le## mo%!.Hence$or! w!en !o% #ee# !eir "lace !o% !ie# away)

A# !e "ig $lee! !e boiling waer[81].6

Al&'Ayyar wa# a man o$ !e (alb Eribe w!o came %"on #ome loc%## and #a down o ea a $ewo$ !em. Being) !ow& ever) oo!le## one loc%# #li""ed o% o$ !i# mo%!. 7!ere%"on !e cried o%#aying) 6By Kod) i i# alive>6 in o!er word# !e loc%# did no die) b% #li""ed o%.

In !i# connecion) Ra#!id ibn&'Abd%lla! al&S%lami[83]#aidJ

6S!e a#*ed me o #"ea*) !% I #aid) 'No.
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Nei!er Kod nor I#lam wo%ld a""rove o%r #"eec!.Ha# !o% no #een M%!ammad and !i# men@n !e day o$ vicory) w!en !e idol# were demoli#!ed7!en !e lig! o$ Kod #!one wi! all i# brilliance)

And "oly!ei#m wa# #%bmerged in a #ea o$ dar*ne##.'6[84]

Said Eab%&al&M%nd!irJ 7!e %ray#! !ad ano!er idol Ecalled Mana$[85]. 7!ey were won o call

!eir c!ildren 'Abd&Mana$[86]) a$er i. I do no) !owever) *now w!ere i #ood) or w!o ereced i.7!e men#r%aing women were no allowed o come near !e idol# or o o%c! !em. Ra!er) !ey#ood $ar o$$. In !i# connecion) Bal'a' ibn&ay# ibn&'Abd%lla! ibn&=a'mar'[87]+=amar i# al&

S!%dda*![88]al&ay!i) w!o wa# a$$liced wi! al"!o#i#[89]+Hi#!am ibn&M%!ammad ab%&al&

M%nd!ir relaed !a (!alid ibn&Sa'id ibn&al&'A#[90]!ad old !im on !e a%!oriy o$ !i#

$a!er[91]!a Bal'a' wa# once a#*ed abo% !i# a$$licion and re"lied) 67!e #word o$ Kod !a# been"oli#!ed.6) #aidJ

6A mac!le## "eer. I no longer a%g%r a i# #!rine)B% #ay away a# !e men#r%aing women #and a$ar o$$$rom Mana$.6

EAb%&al&M%nd!ir al#o #aid J Cvery $amily in Mecca !ad a !ome an idol w!ic! !ey wor#!i""ed.

6He moved !ere$rom and reac!ed a mo%nain o")i*e a !ig! alar #"rin*led wi! !e blood o$ #acri$ice.6

7!e ban%&M%lay![95]o$ !e (!%a'a! Eribe +!ey are !e *indred# o$ 7al!a a&7ala!a [96]Eor al&7al!a were won o wor#!i" !e ?inn. In re$erence o !em !e $ollowing ver#e wa# revealedJ

67r%ly !ey wor#!i" ye call on be#ide# Kod) are) li*e yo%r#elve#) !i# #ervan#[97].6

F@@7N@7CS

1. Ryc*man#. vol 1) ". 2-8


26/51

2. "shti!a!)". 12G.

G. ibid7) ".1GG.

D. ibid7)". 1DD.

5. nideni$ied.

-. "shti!a!) ".G15.

. 7!e la# $o%r name# %nideni$ied.

0. &aj al-'Arus) enrie# bssand$$.

9. Buldan) vol. iv) ".-9.

1,. ibid7) vol. ii) ".229.

11. ibid7) vol. iii) ". 01-.

12. ibid7) vol. iii) "". -51&-52.

1G. ibid7) vol. i)"". -11&-12.

1D. Buldan) vol. i) "". -22&-2G8 &aj al-'Arus) enrie# bssand$$.

15. Ar. hardni!) li. N%midian crane#)

1-. Said o be one o$ !e 6abrogaed6 ver#e# o$ !e (oran8 c$. 7abari) vol.1) "". 1192&119-.

1. Al&7abari)Jami' al-Bay'dn fi &afsir al-2ur'an) :airo) 1G2G&1GG,) vol. 33vii) "".GD&G-. Al#o F.

V.


27/51

G. Ryc*man#) vol.I) "".9) 1.

G0. c$. al-Ahani) vol.III) "".15&1-.

G9. "shti!a!) " 10.

D,.Al-Ahani) vol. 33i) ".5.

D1. c$. ibid7) vol. 33i) "".5&50.

D2. *urahIIIJ 19.

DG. d. A.H. 1 A./. -22&-2G8 "shti!a!) ".D98 7abari) vol.I) ".12-1.

DD. c$. *urahc3i8 *irah) "". 2G1) 2GG) 2-8 7abari) vol.I) "". 11,&1128 al&Mari$) "". -,&-1.

D5. c$. Buldan) vol.III) "". --5&---.

D-. A.H. 0 A./. -29&-G,) !e year Mecca wa# ca"%red.

D. 7!e greae# M%#lim general 8 d. A.H. 21 A./. -D28 #ee ibn&Sa'd) vol. iv) 4. 2) "".1&2)vol. vii) ". 2) "".110&1218 a"-Ma'drif) ".1G-.

D0. *ifah) ".12) line 18 Buldan) vol. iv) "".-9&,.

D9. &aj al-'Arus) enry htf. A #%b&ribe o$ !e (inana!.5,. Buldan) vol.III) ". 1,,.

51. c$. al-Ahani8 vol. 33i) ". 50.

52. "shti!a!) ".11,.

5G. ing%i#ic noe# "recede and $ollow !i# #enence.

5D. *urahLLIJ 22&2G.

55. "shti!a!) ". 1-D.

5-. ibid7) ". 1-D.

5. Ibn&Sa'd) vol. ii) " 1) ".1,5.

50. See above) ".19.

59. Al#o Alya#8 c$. "shti!a!) ".2,.

-,. "shti!a!) "". 19&2,.

-1. Krand$a!er o$ !e 4ro"!e.

-2. For deail#) #ee Sira!) "". 91&1,,.

-G. @ne o$ 6!o#e w!o#e !ear# are reconciled6 o I#lam 4al-mu'allafah !ulubuhum5) namelyArab c!ie$# wi! w!om !e 4ro"!e made erm# a$er !e bale o$ H%nayn) A.H. 0 A./. -29.in order o #ec%re !eir aid. *irah) "". 00,&00G8 c$. *irahi3J -,. Hi# #on) M%'awiya!) w!o laer$o%nded !e mayyad dyna#y. wa# ano!er.

-D. *irah) "". 555&592. In !i# bale) A.H. G A./. -25) M%!ammad !im#el$ wa# wo%nded.

See al#o 7abari) vol.I) "". 1G0G&1DG1.

-5. c$. "shti!a!) ". G1-.

--. See above) ". 0.

-. 7!e #acred well wi!in !e "recinc# o$ !e Sacred Mo#;%e) #%""o#ed o !e idenical wi!

!e well $rom w!ic! Hagar and I#!mael dran* w!ile in !e wilderne##. Buldan) vol.II) "". 9D1&9DD8 c$. Ken. 3viJ D.

-0. 7!e %ncle and g%ardian o$ M%!ammad. *irah) "". 11D&11.

-9. 7!e $amily o$ !e 4ro"!e.

,. *irah) "". 12&1. 7!e ban%&al&A#!'ar +al&A#!'ar%n in !e e3 were a So%! Arabianribe) See %isan al-'Arab) enry sh'r. 7!ey were al#o *nown a# al&A#!air8 #ee *hams al-#lam) ".

5-. 1.Al-*hi'r w-al-*hu'ara) "". 1D5&1D. See al#o K%#av von Kr%neba%m) Bishr b7 abi


28/51

Kha$imJ :ollecion o$ Fragmen#)6 in o%rnal o$ !e Royal A#iaic Sociey +19G9) "". 5GG&5-.For !e ver#e #ee no. 33vi) on ". 550.

2. Ryc*man#) vol. I) ". 111.

G. ibid7) vol.I) ". 15.

D. ibid7) vol. 5) ". 2-.

5. ibid7) vol. I) ". G2.

-. Buldan) vol. II) ". 09.

. "shti!d!) ". 15D.

0. ibid6". 15D.

9. c$ *ifah". 5-8 Buldan) vol. ii) ". 09.

0,. In al Maydini) Majma' al-Amthal) :airo) 1G1,) !e "oe i# Ma#r%! al (albi and in &ajal-'Aras) enry hn$) !e i# Ma#r%! ibn&Ad!am al&Na'ami +a #%b&ribe o$ !e (aIb) and !ever#e# are #aid again# arir.

01. In %isan al-'Arab) enry hn$)6 !e#e ver#e# are a#cribed o arir8 enry yra Ayy'ar i#

#%""o#ed o be a !or#e) and !e ver#e# are a#cribed o ab% 'bayd) "er!a"# ibn&abi&


29/51

Dh(-al-Khalasah

Among !o#e idol#) oo) wa# d!%&al&(!ala#a![1]. I wa# a carved niece o$ w!ie ;%ar wi!

#ome!ing in !e $orm o$ a crown %"on i# !ead. I #ood in 7a!ala! [2]) beween Mecca and

San'a[3]) a a di#ance o$ #even nig!#' ?o%rney $rom Mecca. I# c%#ody wa# in !e !and# o$ !e

ban%&mama![4]o$ !e Ba!ila! i!n&A'#%r[5]. 7!e (!a!'am[6]) !e Ba?ila![7]) and !e Ad[8]o$

al&Sara![9]) a# well a# !o#e Arab #%b&ribe# o$ !e Hawain[10]w!o lived in !eir viciniy and!o#e Arab# re#iding in 7abala!) were won o venerae i and come o i wi! #acri$ice.

A cerain man #aidJ

6@ d!%&al&(!ala#a!) wer !e one wronged)7!y $a!er !e one m%rdered and b%ried)7!o% wo%ld# no !ave $orbidden !e *illing o$ !eenemy.6

7!i# !e #aid w!en !i# $a!er wa# m%rdered) and !e #o%g! o avenge !im. He) !ere$ore) wen od!%&al&(!ala#a! and #!%$$led !e divinaion arrow#) b% !ey re#%led in a negaive me##age$orbidding !im o #ee* revenge. 7!ere%"on !e #aid !o#e ver#e#. Some "eo"le) !owever) a#cribe

!e inciden o Imr%'&al ay# ibn&H%?r al&(indi[11].

(!ida#! ibn&%!ayr al&'Amiri[12]re$er# o d!%&al&(!ala#a! in ver#e# w!ic! !e addre##ed o

'A!'a! ibn&

w!o came o "ay !eir !omage wa# arir ibn&'Abd%lla![16]. He came o !e A"o#le and embracedI#lam be$ore !im. 7!ere%"on !e A"o#le addre##ed !im #aying) 6@ arir>


30/51

(!a!'am[18]!e *illed wo !%ndred. !aving de$eaed !em and $orced !em ino $lig!) !edemoli#!ed !e b%ilding w!ic! #ood over d!%&al&(!ala#a! and #e i on $ire. A cerain woman o$!e ban%&(!a!'am !ere%"on #aidJ

67!e ban%&mama!) eac! wielding !i# #"ear)


31/51

Sa'd

7!e Mali*[1]and !e Mil*an[2]) !e wo #on# o$ (inana![3]) !ad a !e coa# o$ %dda![4]Eor

#omew!ere in !a region[5]) an idol called Sa'd[6]. I wa# a long roc*. @nce %"on a ime a

cerain man Ebelonging o one o$ !e#e ribe#[7]came o i wi! !i# $loc* o$ camel# in order o

ma*e !em #and on i and !ereby obain i# ble##ing. B% a# !e led !em near !e roc* !ey#!ied away $rom i beca%#e i wa# covered wi! blood) and !ey #caered in every direcion.7!ere%"on !e man became $%rio%#) and "ic*ed %" a #one and !rew i a !e roc* #aying)6Acc%r#ed god> 7!o% !a# ca%#ed my camel# o #!y.6 He !en wen a$er !em %nil !e ga!ered!em) and re%rned !ome #ayingJ

6


32/51

Dh(-al-Kaffayn

7!e /aw#) more #"eci$ically !e ban%&M%n!ib ibn&/aw#[1]) !ad an idol called d!%&al&

(a$$ayn[2]+!e o$ !e wo "alm#.

4ro"!e #en al&7%$ayl ibn&'Amr al&/aw#iEGo de#roy i. Al&7%$ayl #e !e idol on $ire and #aidJ

6@ d!%&al&(a$$ayn) I am no one o$ !y #ervan#.@%r bir! i# nobler !an !ine.

I !ave #%$$ed !y !ead wi! $ire and b%rn !y #!rine[4].6

FOOTNOTES

1. nideni$ied.

2. *irah) ".25D8


33/51

Dh(-al-Shaa

7!e ban%&al&Hairi! ibn&=a#!*%r ibn&M%ba#!#!ir[1]o$ !e Ad Eribe !ad an idol called d!%&al&

S!ara[2]+/%#are#. @ne o$ !e K!aari$[3]) re$erring o i) #aidJ

6


34/51

Al-$,aysi

7!e %di'a![1]) !e a*!m[2]) !e %d!am[3]) !e 'Amila![4]) and !e K!aa$an[5]!ad) in !e

!ill# o$ Syria) an idol called al&;ay#ir[6]. @$ i %!ayr ibn&abi&S%lma #ay#J

6I #wore by !e baeyl# o$ al&;aybir a #olemn oa!)

@$ i) oo) al&S!an$ara al&Adi[8]!e con$ederae 4halif5o$ !e ban%&Fa!m[9]) #aidJ

6By !e E!onored garmen# o$ al&;ay#ir> @ne w!o !a!

:ome o !e aid o$ 'Amr and !i# $riend# re"roac!e! me[10].6

FOOTNOTES

1. "shti!a!) ".G1G.

2 ibid7) ".225.

G ibid7) ".225.

D *ifah) "".129) 1G2.

5 "shti!a!) "".1-D) 1-.

-


35/51

1, c$. al-Ahani) vol. 33i) ".1D1) line 10.

Nuhm

The Muzaynah[1] ha an io! ca!!e "uh#[2]$ They use to na#e their chi!ren %&'("uh#) a*ter

it$ The custoian o* "uh# +as ca!!e ,huza%i i'n(%&'("uh# o* the Muzaynah) an #ore

s-eci*ica!!y o* the 'anu(%.a[3]$ /hen he hear o* the Pro-het) he s-e to the s-ot) estroye the

io!) an sai

6I wen o N%!m in order o o$$er %no i

A #acri$ice o$ devoion) a# I wa# won o do.

B% on #econd !o%g! I #aid o my#el$)

'!i# i# b% a m%e god) d%mb and void o$ wi)'

And re$%#ed o #acri$ice8 $rom !i# day my $ai! i# !a o$ M%!ammad)

EServan o$ !e grea Kod o$ Heaven) !e C3cellen Eord.6

e then *o!!o+e the Pro-het) e#'race .s!a#) an uarantee to hi# the conversion o* his tri'e)

the Muzaynah$ * "uh#) too) U#ayyah i'n(a!(&sar[4] says

6

Solemnly #wearing by N%!m)


36/51

FOOTNOTES

1. "shti!a!) ". 111.

2. c$. Ryc*man#) vol. i) ".1G8


37/51

S('ay

7!e 'Anaa![1]!ad an idol called S%'ayr.' a'$ar ibn&abi& (!alli# al&(albi[2]#e o% one day on !i#camel and !a""ened %"on S%'ayr. A# !e "a##ed by !e idol) !e camel #!ied) beca%#e !e 'Anaa!!ad recenly o$$ered a #acri$ice be$ore i Eand !e blood wa# #ill $re#! %"on !e alar. 7!ere%"on!e #aidJ

6My yo%ng camel# were #arled by !e blood o$ #acri$ice

@$$ered aro%nd S%'ayr w!i!er =a;d%m[3]and

=ad!*%r[4]go on "ilgrimage) and #and be$ore i in $ear and awe)Moionle## and #ilen) awaiing i# orac%lar voice.6

Ab%&al&M%nd!ir #aid !a =a;d%m and =ad!*%r were !e wo #on# o$ 'Anaa!. a'$ar #aw #ome o$!eir de#cendan# circ%mamb%laing S%'ayr.

7!e Arab# al#o !ad relic #one# Ew!ic! !ey obained $rom ancien r%in# and ereced. 7!ey were

won o circ%mamb%lae !em and o$$er #acri$ice# be$ore !em. 7!e#e #one# were calledbaeyl# 4ansab5) and !e circ%mamb%laion !ereo$ wa# called circ%mroaion 4dawar5.

In !i# connecion) 'Amir ibn&a 7%$ayl +w!o !ad) one day) come %"on !e K!ani i!n&

A'#%r[5]circ%mamb%laing #ome o$ !eir baeyl#) and #eeing !eir maiden# in !e "roce##ion) wa#im"re##ed by !eir bea%y #aid8

6@ !a my mo!er'# *in) !e K!ani)

6

In !i# connecion) oo) 'Amr ibn&abir al&Hari!i[7]) laer al&(a'bi) #aidJ

67!e K!%ay$ vowed nor o $rig!en !eir $loc*)And I vowed by !e baeyl# no o #care !em.6

Al&M%!a;;ib al&'Abdi[8]re$er# o #%c! baeyl# in an ode w!ic! !e addre##ed o 'Amr ibn&Hind. He#aidJ

6=o%ng lad# circ%mamb%lae !eir baeyl#)
http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/suayr.htm#1http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/suayr.htm#2http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/suayr.htm#2http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/suayr.htm#3http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/suayr.htm#4http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/suayr.htm#5http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/suayr.htm#6http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/suayr.htm#7http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/suayr.htm#8http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/suayr.htm#8http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/suayr.htm#1http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/suayr.htm#2http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/suayr.htm#3http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/suayr.htm#4http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/suayr.htm#5http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/suayr.htm#6http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/suayr.htm#7http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/suayr.htm#8


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nil !eir !air[9]become# almo# grey.6

Al&Faari)[10]) !aving done #ome!ing w!ic! inc%rred !e wra! o$ !e %ray#!) w!ocon#e;%enly $orbad !im o ener Mecca) #aidJ

6I lead my #!e&camel# and carry my baeyl# be!ind me8

1. "shti!a!) ".19D.

2. c$. Ryc*man'#.) vol I) ". 15G) %isan al-Arab!a# Sa'ir) w!ile &aj al-Aras has *u'ayr)


39/51

'Amm-Anas

7!e (!awlin[1]!ad in !e land o$ (!awlan[2]an idol called 'Amm&Ana#[3]. 7!ey were won o #ea"ar a "orion o$ !eir live#oc* "ro"ery and land "rod%c# and give one "ar o i and !e o!ero Kod.

67!ro%g! !e grace o$ Kod I e#i$ied !a M%!ammadI# !e A"o#le o$ Him w!o reigne! above !e Heaven#8

And !a ac!aria# and !i# #on o!n [8]

Have wor#!i""ed Him wi! acce"able and meriorio%# wor*#[9]8

And !a w!ic! #ande! by !e dam in !e valley o$ Na*!la![10]

And !o#e w!o wor#!i" !er are removed $rom r%!) !o"ele##ly lo#[11].6

FOOTNOTE

1. "shti!a!) ".22.

2. Buldan) vol.II) ".D99.

G. 7e3 6'myan%#.6 See Ryc*man#) vol. i) ".22,) *irah) 4.5G8 c$. Buldan) vol.III) ".G1.

D. 7e3 6al&d%m68 *ifah) ".11D) line 21 and *irah) ".5G) line 6al&Adim68 in Buldan) vol.III)
http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/anas.htm#1http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/anas.htm#2http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/anas.htm#3http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/anas.htm#4http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/anas.htm#5http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/anas.htm#6http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/anas.htm#7http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/anas.htm#8http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/anas.htm#9http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/anas.htm#10http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/anas.htm#11http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/anas.htm#1http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/anas.htm#2http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/anas.htm#3http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/anas.htm#4http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/anas.htm#5http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/anas.htm#6http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/anas.htm#7http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/anas.htm#8http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/anas.htm#9http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/anas.htm#10http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/anas.htm#11


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".G1) line 0) 6al&Ad!%m.6

5. nideni$ied.

-. S%ra! viJ 1G.

.Al-*hi'r w-al-*hu' ara) "".1,&1G8 al-Ahani) vol. IV) "".2&1.

0. 7e3 6And !a bo! !e $a!er o$ o!n and o!n.6

9. :$. S%ra!# iiiJ G2&G-) viJ 05) 3i3J 1&15) 33iJ 09&9,.

1,. 6Namely al&'a8 #ee above) ". 1-.

11. c$. al-Ahani) vol. iv) ". 1,8 iwan Hassan ibn-&habit) ed. Harwig Hir#c!$eld) eyden andondon) 191,) "".DD&D5.

The Ka'bah of Na/an

7!e ban%&al&Hari! ibn&(a'b[1]!ad in Na?ran[2]a (a'ba![3]w!ic! !ey veneraed. I i# !e one

w!ic! al&A'#!a[4]menion# in one o$ !i# ode#[5]. I !a# been claimed !a i wa# no a (a'ba! $or

wor#!i") b% merely a !all $or !o#e "eo"le w!om !e "oe menioned[6]. In my o"inion) !i# i#very li*ely !e ca#e) #ince I !ave no !eard o$ !e ban%&al&Hari! ever menioning i in !eir"oery.

FOOTNOTES

1. "shti!a!) ".155.

2. *ifah) "".0G&0-8 Buldan) vol. iv) "".51&59.

G. *ifah".128 Buldan) vol.II) "".,G&,D.

D.Al-*hir w-al-*hu'ara) "".1G5&1DG8 al-Ahani) vol. viii) "".&0.

5. See iwan al-A'sha) ed. R%dol$ Keyer) ondon) 1920) ".122) line -) w!ere !e "oe #ay#)6E7o vi#i !e (a'ba! o$ Na?ran i# an ordinance inc%mben %"on yo%8 Eyo% wo%ld no berelea#ed !ere$rom %nil yo% di#mo%n in $ron o$ i# gae#.6

-. In !e $ollowing ver#e +iwan al-A'sha) ".122) line w!ere !e #ay#) 67!ere we wo%ld vi#i=aid) 'Abd&Mana!) and ay# & in r%! !ey are !e be# o$ i# lord#.6
http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/najran.htm#1http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/najran.htm#2http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/najran.htm#3http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/najran.htm#4http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/najran.htm#5http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/najran.htm#6http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/najran.htm#1http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/najran.htm#2http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/najran.htm#3http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/najran.htm#4http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/najran.htm#5http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/najran.htm#6


41/51

The Ka'bah of Sindad

7!e Iyid[1]!ad ano!er (a'ba! in Sindad[2]) Elocaed in a region beween al&(%$a![3]and al&

Ba#ra![4]. I i# !e one w!ic! al&A#wad ibn&=a'$%r[5]menion# Ein one o$ !i# ode#[6]. I !ave)!owever) !eard !a !i# !o%#e wa# no a "lace o$ wor#!i". Ra!er i wa# a celebraed edi$ice8con#e;%enly al&A#wad menioned i.

A cerain man o$ !e %!ayna![7]named 'A!d&al&/ar ibn&H%dayb[8]once #aid o !i# "eo"le)

6:ome le %# b%ild a !o%#e +o be locaed in a #"o in !eir erriory called al&Hawra' [9]wi!

w!ic! we wo%ld rival !e (a'ba![10]) !ereby aracing E%no %# many o$ !e Arab#)6 7!eydeemed !e #%gge#ion very grave and re$%#ed o !eed !i# be!e#. 7!ere%"on !e #aidJ

6I !ad wi#!ed !a a !o%#e be rai#ed) Free o$ ini;%iy and removed $rom #in. B% !o#ew!o) w!en called %"on o $ace a cri#i#)

Seal away and ilde in rie o%#*ir# o$ awdamE11) Have dem%rred and re$%#ed my re;%e#.7!ey clamor and cry) and in#i# !a no one #!o%ld give !em order#) And w!en enreaed !ey%rn away&ome wi!draw li*e !e m%e and !e d%mb. 7!ey wi!!old !eir c!ariy and conceal

every in#%l Among !eir *in) a# !e mar* o$ !e brand Eon !e m%le i# !idE12.6

FOOTNOTES

1. "shti!a!) ".205.

2. *ifah" 1-8 Buldanvol. iii) "". 1-D&1-5.

G. *ifah"". 0) D58 Buldanvol. iv) "". G22&G2.

D. *ifah" D5$$8 Buldanvol. i) "". -G-&-5G.

5.Al *hi'r w-al-*hu'ara) "". 1GD&1G5.
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-. ibid7". 1GD8 *ifah"" 11) 2G1.

. "shti!a!) "".G19&G2,.

0. nideni$ied.

9. *ifah" 11.

1,. @$ Mecca.

11. Buldan) vol. iv) "".19-&19.

12. c$. ibid7) "" 19-&19.

Al-0alis

Abra!a! al&A#!ram[1]!ad b%il in San'a[2]) a c!%rc! w!ic! !e called al&ali#[3]. He b%il i o$marble and em"loyed in !e con#r%cion !e be# o$ gild and wood. Having com"leed !eb%ilding o$ !e c!%rc!) !e wroe o !e *ing o$ Aby##inia #aying) 6I !ave b%il o yo% a c!%rc! !eli*e o$ w!ic! no one !a# ever b%il. I #!all no le !e Arab# alone %nil I diver !eir "ilgrimageaway $ron !e !o%#e o w!ic! !ey go and %rn i# co%r#e o !i# c!%rc!.6 7!e new# reac!ed one

o$ !o#e on w!o#e a%!oriy an inercalaion i# %ndera*en 4nasa'at al-shukur5[4]) w!o di#"ac!edwo o$ !i# $ollower#) ordering !em no o re%rn %nil !ey !ad de$ecaed wi!in !e c!%rc!. 7!ewo men wen and did w!a !ey were ordered.

o$ !i# e3"ediion i# well&*nown[5].

I wa# old by al&Ha#an ibn&'layl[6]) on !e a%!oriy o$ 'Ali ibn&al&Sabbi![7]!a ab%&al&M%nd!ir

Hi#!am ibn&M%!ammad #aid !a ab%&Mi#*in[8]!ad relaed o !im on !e a%!oriy o$ !i#

$a!er[9]!e $ollowingJ Had i been !y $a!er w!o wa# m%rdered) !o% wo%ld#

no !ave $orbidden me avenging !im[10].6 He !en raided !e ban%&A#ad and de$eaed !em.:on#e;%enly no more #orilege wa# "raciced be$ore d!%&al&(a!la#a! %nil !e adven o$ I#lamEw!en i wa# de#royed. Imr%'&al&ay# wa# !%# !e $ir# o deno%nce and reno%nce i.
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"ilgrim !ad mi3ed !e w!ea wi! !e !air) !ey wo%ld #ay) 'Kive i %no %#) we are "oor men$rom !e Hawain. B% i$ !ey #!o%ld arrive oo lae) !ey wo%ld a*e !e w!ole !ing) w!ea)

!air) and lice) E*nead i ino do%g!) ba*e and ea i[14].

@nce %"on a ime !e arm and !e ban%&a'da![15];%arrelled over a waer well called

al&'A;i;[16]and came o !e 4ro"!e #ee*ing !i# deci#ion. He decided in $avor o$ !e arm. 7!ere

%"on M%'awiya ibn&'Abd&al&'a ibn&/!ira' al&armi[17]#aidJ

6

%da'ie[22]"re#en) wi! di#!e# a# big a# an*#) #and in Raiwa[23]ab?ec and aba#ed8 waiing$or !e $ood o$ #!ame) "revened yo% $rom c%r#ing %#) ye ba#ard# 7!e one !a! no !onor o$eel !e #ing8 !e o!er !a! no valor o give and $eed.6

I wa# old by ab%&'Ali al&'Anai on !e a%!oriy o$ 'Ali ibn&al&Sabba! !a ab%&al&M%nd!ir Hi#!am

ibn&M%!ammad ibn&al&Sa'i! al&(albi relaed o !im !a !i# $a!er once old !im !a w!a !adgiven ri#e o !e wor#!i" o$ idol# wa# !e $ollowingJ

Nawd![25]) and i i# !e mo# $erile mo%nain in all !e world. Hence !e #aying) 6More $erile

!an Nawd! and more arid !an Bara!%[26]. Bara!% i# a valley in Hadra&

mawE2) in E!e Viciniy o$ a village called 7in'a!E20. Al&'Anai relaed o me on !ea%!oriy o$ 'Ali ibn&al&Sabba! !a ab%&al&M%nd!ir once #aidJ I S!all I ma*e %no yo% $ive #a%e#a$er !e image o$ yo%r de"ared relaive#' I can readily) al!o%g! I canno im"ar li$e o !em.67!ere%"on !e carved %no !em $ive #a%e# a$er !e image o$ E!eir de"ared relaive#) and
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ereced !em Eover !eir grave#.

7!en i came o "a## !a a relaive wo%ld vi#i E!e grave o$ !i# bro!er) %ncle) or co%#in)w!aever !e ca#e mig! be) "ay !i# re#"ec o i) and wal* aro%nd !e #a%e $or a w!ile.

7!i# "racice la#ed !ro%g!o% !e $ir# cen%ry E$ollowing !e dea! o$ !o#e $ive "er#on#. 7!e#a%e# were made d%ring !e ime o$ ared +=aridEG1!e #on o$ Malialcel +Malila'ilEG2!e #ono$ :ainan +inanEGG!e #on o$ Cno# +An%#!EGD!e #on o$ Se! !e #on o$ AdamEG5.

Ano!er cen%ry $ollowed d%ring w!ic! "eo"le veneraed and re#"eced !o#e #a%e# more !an!ey did d%ring !e $ir# cen%ry. 7!en a !ird cen%ry $ollowed) and !e "eo"le #aid) 6@%r$ore$a!er# veneraed !e#e #a%e# $or no o!er rea#on !an !e de#ire o en?oy !eirinerce##ion be$ore Kod.6 :on#e;%enly !ey wor#!i""ed !em) and became $ar game in di#belie$.

7!ere%"on Kod #en %no !em !e 4ro"!e Idri#) w!o i# Cnoc! +A*!n%*![36]!e #on o$ ared!e #on o$ Ma!aleel !e #on o$ :ainan. Idri# called %"on !e "eo"le o re"en and warned !em)b% !ey believed !im no and !ear*ened no %no !i# voice. 7!ere$ore Kod 6%"li$ed !im o a

"lace on !ig![37].6

7!e "o#iion w!ic! !e#e #a%e#) Enow become idol#) occ%"ied in !e wor#!i" o$ !e "eo"le) a#

ibn&al&(albi[38]!ad relaed on !e a%!oriy o$ ibn&Sali!) w!o in %rn !ad relaed on !e a%!oriy

o$ ibn&'Abbi# conin%ed o wa3 #rong %nil !e ime o$ Noa! +N%! [39]) '@ !e #on o$ amec!

+ama*[40]!e #on o$ Me!%#ela! +Ma%#!alab[41]!e #on o$ Cnoc!) w!om Kod #en a# a"ro"!e. He wa#) !en) $o%r !%ndred and eig!y year# old. For a "eriod o$ one !%ndred andweny year# I lie wen abo% calling !e "eo"le bac* o Kod) b% !ey di#obeyed !im andbelieved !im no. 7!ere%"on Kod commanded !im o b%ild !e ar*. Noa! com"leed !e ar* andenered !erein w!en !e wa# #i3 !%ndred year# old. And !e $lood "revailed %"on) and covered)!e w!ole ear!) and all) Ee3ce" Noa! and !o#e w!o were in !e ar* wi! !im) were drowned

and "eri#!ed. And Noa! lived a$er !e $lood !ree !%ndred and $i$y year#[42]. 7wo !o%#and andwo !%ndred year# inervened beween Adam and Noa!. 7!e $lood wa#!ed down !e#e idol# $rom!e o" o$ Mo%n Nawd! o !e land below8 and a# !e waer# raged and !e billow# #welled) ileidol# were o##ed !ere and !ere %nil a la# !ey were ca# by !e wave# on !e land o$ %dda!.

I wa# old by al&Ha#an ibn&'layl) w!o wa# ;%oing 'Ali ibn&al&Sabba!) !a ab%&al&M%nd!irHi#!am ibn&M%!ammad once #aid %no !e laerJ I$ a #a%e were made o$ wood) or gold) or#ilver) a$er a !%man $orm) i wo%ld be an idol 4sanam5b% i$ i were made o$ #one i wo%ld be

an image4wathan5[44].

I wa# old by al&'Anai on !e a%!oriy o$ 'A! ibn&al&Sabbab w!o relaed !a ab%&al&M%nd!ir);%oing !i# $a!er) once #aid !a ab%&Sali! relaed on !e a%!oriy o$ ibn&'Abba# !a !e la# oremain o$ !e waer# o$ !e $lood wa# in Hi#ma6 in !e land o$ !e %d!am. I remained $oryyear# and !en receded.

I wa# old by ab%&'Ali al&'Anai on rie a%!oriy o$ 'Ali ibn&al&Sabba! !a ab%&al&M%nd!ir relaedon !e a%!oriy o$ !i# $a!er al&(albi !e $ollowingJ

'Amr ibn&%!ayy) w!o i# Rabi'a! ibn&Hari!a! ibn&'Amr ibn&'Amir ibn&Hari!a! ibn&7!a'laba! ibn&Imr%'&al&ay# ibn&Main ibn&al&Ad) !e $a!er o$ !e (!%a'a! +!i# mo!er wa# F%!ayra!) !eda%g!er o$ al&Hari!) b% o!er# #ay #!e wa# !e da%g!er o$ al&Hari! ibn&M%dad al&%r!%mi

[45]) wa# a "rie# 4kahin5. +He !ad con;%ered Mecca) drove !e %r!%mie# o% o$ !e ciy) andoo* over !e c%#ody o$ !e Ho%#e. He !ad an oracle o$ !e ?inn w!o#e nic*name wa# ab%&7!%mama!. @ne day !e oracle addre##ed 'Amr #ayingJ

6Ma*e !a#e) ge !ee o% o$ 7i!ama! Accom"anied by "eace and l%c*.6

'Amr re"liedJ

6Aye) aye) !ere #!all be no delay) No!ing #!all !old me bac*.6

7!ere%"on !e oracle re?oined8

67o !e #!ore# o$ %dda! ma*e !y way8 7!ere !o% #!al $ind idol# in $ine array8


45/51

and ereced !em !ere.

ibn&7ag!li! ibn&H%lwan ibn&'Imran ibn&al&Ha$[46]ibn&%daa![47]an#wered !i# call. 'Amr)

!ere$ore) gave !im


46/51

!e mid# o$ !e dancing $lame#.

$rom Kr. ) c!%rc!.

D. 7!i# re$er# o !e "racice o$ "o#"oning !e ob#ervance o$ !e #acred mon!#) !%# allowing

an ordinary mon! o be ob#erved a# #acred and a #acred mon! o go %nob#erved. See *irah)"". 29&G,8 c$. S%ra! i3J G8Jami' al-Bayan) vol. 3) "" 9,&92. See al#o A3el Moberg) 6Al&Na#i'in der l#lami#c!en 7radiion6 inAta #ni3ersitatis %undensis+Nova Serie#) vol.2 +19G1) "".1&5D.

5. See 7abari) vol. i) "".92&9D-) 95,&9528 *irah) "".29&D18 *urahcv8Jami' al-Bayan) vol.333) "". 19G&19.

-. 'Al&'Anai8 #ee above) ".G8 al#o al&/!a!abi) al-Mustabah fi Asma al-Rijal) ed. 4. de ong)eyden) 1001) ".G1.

. See above) ".G)

0. c$. ibn&Sa'd) vol. vi) ".2G0.

9. nideni$ied.

1,. See above) ". G,.

11. Amir ibn&S!%lla in !e 6am!ara!6 +C#c%rial MS) $olio 252 r.v.12. "shti!a!) ".G1D.

1G. 7!i# wa# a "ar o$ !e ri%al) !e w!ea #erving a# an oblaion. 7!e "oor %#ed o a*e !ew!ea) remove $rom i !e im"%riie# o$ !air and lice) and %#e i $or !eir bread.

1D. c$. al&a!i) Kitab al-Bukhala) ed. :. Van Vloen) eyden) 19,,) ".2G8 do Kitab al-Hayawan) :airo) 1G2G&1G25) vol. V) ". 11D.

15. "shti!a!) "". 101) 29.

1-. *ifah) "".12G) 1518 Buldan) vol. 1) "". GD,&GD1) vol. 33i) ".,1.

1. Ibn&Ha?ar al&'A#;alani) a"-"sabah fi &arn yi$ al-*ababah) Vol. vi) :airo) 1G25) ". 112) w!ere!e "oe'# name i# M%'a&wiya! ibn&abi&Rab'a!.

10. c$. Kitab al-Hayawin) vol. v) ".11D8 Buldan) vol. I) ".GD1.

19.Al-Fihrist) ".9,8 al-Ma'arif) ".2-0.
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2,. 7abari) vol. 1) ". 129-8 al-Ahani) vol. iv) ".19.

21. "shti!a!) ".G1-. 7!e (inana! were a Nor! Arabian ribe.

22. 7!e %d!am) !e a*!mr) and !e %da'a! were So%! Arabian ribe#.

2G. *ifah"". 125) 12-) 1G,) 118 Buldan) vol. II) "". 9,91.

2D. c$. Ken. 3vJ 25&2-) VJ -.

25. Buldan) vol. IV) ". 022.

2-. ibid7) vol. I) "".590&5998 *ifah) "". 1G0) 2,1) 2,G8 al&awini) 'Aja'ib al-Makhu!at wa-+hara'ib al-Mawjadat) ed. F.


48/51

55. 7!e $a!er.

5-. :$. above) ".2G.

5. nideni$ied.

50. 7abari) vol. III) "".2G-1&2G-28 *hams al-'#"um) ".G0.

59. c$. "sha!a!) ".252) w!ere =a'%; i# given o (!aywan8 al#o Buldan) vol. IV) ".1,2G.

-,. :$. lshti!a!) ".25,.

-1. *ifah) "".--) 112) 12D)2,G8 Buldan) vol.II 4. 512.

-2. *ifah) ".1,1.

-G. nideni$ied8 c$. Ryc*man#) vol. I) ". 2-5.

-D. Buldan) vol. I) ". 1D) vol. iv) "" 0,&0I.

-5. See above) ".1,.

--. So in MS) !o%g! !e edior acce"ed =a;%'# reading +Buldan) vol. IV) ". 915) Abra!am) inorder o con$orm o !e (oranic radiion !a !e r%e $ai! wa# !a o$ Abra!am. :$. *irah) ".51) line# -) 10.

-. See above) ".-.

-0. nideni$ied.

-9. c$. M%#lim) ImanJ 2D&25) 2.

,. Ibn&Sa'd) vol. iv) ". 2) ".298 ibn&al&A!ir) #sud al-+habah) :airo) 120,) vol. I) ". 12G.

1. c$. al&B%*!ari) 7a'bir J GG) FianJ 2-.

Al-Fals

I wa# old by al&'Anai ab%&'Ali on !e a%!oriy o$ 'Ali ibn&al&Sabba! !a Hi#!am ibn&M%!ammadab%&al&M%nd!ir once relaedJ I wa# old by ab%&Ba#il al 7a'i)' on !e a%!oriy o$ !i# %ncle

'Anara! ibn&al&A*!ra#[1]) !a !e 7ayyi' !ad an idol called al&Fal#[2]. I wa# a red Eroc*) in !e

$orm o$ a man[3]) "ro?ecing in !e cener o$ !eir mo%nain) A?a[4]w!ic! wa# blac*. 7!ey werewon o wor#!i" E!i# roc*) "re#en !eir o$$ering# %no i) and #la%g!er !eir #acri$ice# be$orei# Ea#cen. No man w!o wa# a$raid and wa# #ee*ing re$%ge wo%ld come o i wi!o% $inding#a$ey) and no #ray bea# wo%ld ener i# con$ine# wi!o% $inding "roecion. 7!e Bea# wo%ldal#o become !e "ro"ery o$ !e idol) #acred and aboo.

I# c%#ody wa# in !e !and# o$ ban%&Bawlan[5]w!ile Bawlan !im#el$ wa# !e $ir# o in#i%e i#

wor#!i". 7!e la# o$ !e ban%&Bawlan o !old i# c%#ody wa# one called Say$i [6]. @ne day !e

ca%g! a milc!&camel w!ic! belonged o a cerain woman o$ !e ban%&'laym[7]o$ !e (alb

Eribe a neig!bor o$ a nobleman) Mali* ibn&(%l!%m al&S!ama?i [8]) and drove i along %nil !ebro%g! i o !e con$ine# o$ al&Fal#. 7!ere%"on !e neig!bor o$ Mali* called %"on !im and old!im !ow ESay$i !ad a*en away !er milc!&camel. @n !earing !er #ory !e ?%m"ed %"on !e bare

bac* o$ an %n#addled !or#e) oo* !i# #"ear) and $ollowed a$er Say$i. He overoo* !im by al&Fal#and $o%nd !e milc!&camel ied wi!in i# enclo#%re. Addre##ing ESay$i) !e #aid) 6e go !emilc!&camel o$ my neig!bor.6 ESay$i re"lied) 6B% i i# !e "ro"ery o$ !y ord>6 EMali* again#aid) 6e i go.6 ESay$i re"lied) 6


49/51

!reaened Say$i by "oining !i# #"ear again# !im. 7!ere%"on) !e laer %nied !e camel and#e i $ree. Mali* oo* i bac* and delivered i o !e woman) !i# neig!bor. 7!en !e c%#odiana""roac!ed al&Fal# and) "oining o Mali*) addre##ed i #ayingJ

6@ ord) Mali* ibn&(%l!%m !a! !i# dayViolaed !e #anciy o$ !y #!rine8B% ye#erday) !o% wer inviolae.6

Say$i #aid !i# in an aem" o incie !e idol again# Mali* #o !a i mig! ven i# wra! %"on!im. i #o !a""ened !a 'Adi ibn&Haim[9]!ad) a !a #ame day) o$$ered a #acri$ice be$ore al&Fal#) and #aw w!a Mali* !ad done. A# !e #a wi! a $ew com"anion# di#c%##ing !e inciden) !erembled wi! $ear and #aid) 6


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ed. Sir :!arle# yall) eyden and ondon) 191G) ". 1G) line 1D.

Ba/a

According o ibn&/%rayd[1]) Ba?ar[2]wa# an idol w!ic! !e Ad a# well a# #%c! neig!boring ribe#o$ !e 7ayyi' and !e %da'a! Ewor#!i""ed d%ring !e a!illya! day#. I i# al#o "rono%nced Ba?ir.

FOOTNOTES

1. 'Ab%&Ba*r M%!ammad ibn&al&Ha#an ibn&/%rayd al&Adi) A.H. 22G&G21 A./. 0G0&9GG8#ee al-Fihrist) "".-1&-28 ibn&(!alli*an) vol. II) "".G,0&G1G.

2. See %isan al-Arab) enry bjr8 ibn&al&A!ir) al-Nihayah fi +harib al-Hadith w-al-Athar) :airo)1G22) vol. i) ".G8 c$. al&Ba*ri) Kitab Mu' jam Ma "sta' jam) ed. F.


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the book of idols (kitab al-asnam) by hisham ibn al-kalbi.odt

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