Judges 1 Samuel 25

Joshua (and elders) die- Jdg 2:6-9Summary: Cycle of unfaithfulness/ deliverance:

Jdg. 2:10-23A generation would arise who did not

know the Lord. v. 10Israel would serve the Baals and the

Ashtoreths. v. 13God would sell them into the hands of

their plunderers. v. 14 …

•God-moved to pity (v. 18)-raised up judges to deliver them. v.16 •When the judge died, the people would revert and behave more corruptly than their fathers. v. 19•God no longer drove out any of the nations which Joshua left when he died: This was God’s test for Israel: whether they will keep the ways of the Lord. Vss. 21-23

Judges 1 Samuel 25

• Othniel (the man)– Caleb’s nephew. Jdg. 1:13 (Jdg. 3:9)– Married Caleb’s daughter (Achash). Jdg.

1:12; Josh. 15:18-19• Problem: Israel does not tear

down the idolatrous altars. Jdg. 2:1-5– God: I will not drive them (Canaanites)

from the land– They will be a snare to you

• Joshua dies

Judges 1-3 (Background to Othniel (Joshua 1-3)Othniel

• A Generation arises that does not know the Lord. Jdg. 2:10ff

They serve the Baals and Ashtaroth. Jdg. 3:7-8

God sold them into the hand of Cushan-Rishathaim king of Mesopotamia.

Israel served Cushan-Rishathaim 8 years.

Israel cries out to the Lord. Jdg. 3:9• God raises Othniel: –God provides 40 years rest

Judges 1-3 Othniel (Judges 3:9-11)

Othniel

• Israel again did evil in the sight of the Lord. 3:12ff– The Lord strengthened Eglon king of Moab

(and Ammon and Amalek) against Israel. – Israel served Eglon king of Moab 18 years

• Israel cries out to the Lord. 3:15– Ehud sent to deliver Israel– By him Israel sent tribute to Eglon

Judges 3 Event (Jdg 3:15-30)

Ehud

• The incident with Eglon (king of Moab). Vss. 15ff

– Ehud brings the tribute to Eglon and sends away (those who carried the money). Vss. 17-18

– He says to Eglon: I have a secret message (attendants also left so Ehud and Eglon are alone). Vss. 19-20

– Ehud stabs Eglon. v. 21-22

• Israel attacks Moab and receives 80 yrs of rest

Ehud

After him(?) was Shamgar the son of Anath, who killed six hundred men of the Philistines with an ox goad; and he also delivered Israel. 3:31

Judges 3 Shamgar (Jdg 3:31)

Shamgar

When Ehud was dead, the children of Israel again did evil in the sight of the Lord. v. 1

The Lord sold them into the hand of Jabin king… who reigned in Hazor (he harshly oppressed Israel 20 yrs). v. 2Israel cries out to the Lord. v. 3

Judges 4-5 Deborah: background (Jdg 4:1-3)

deborah

Deborah, a prophetess, the wife of Lapidoth. v. 3She sat at the “tree of Deborah” in the hill country of EphraimPeople would come to her for judgment.

Commands Barak to fight against Jabin (king of Hazor). God would deliver Sisera (commander of Barak) into the hand of a womanThe Lord routed Sisera and all his chariots, army.

Song of Deborah (rest 40 years). Ch. 5

Judges 4-5 Deborah: war against Sisera (Jdg 4:4-5:31)

deborah

Israel did evil…and the Lord gave them into the hands of Midian 7 years. Vss. 1-10

People of Israel made dens, caves, and strongholds in the mountains. v. 2Whenever Israel went out to farm, they would be attacked (even Amalek & people of the east). v. 3

Judges chapter 6-8 Gideon chosen (Jdg. 6:1-27)

Gideon

God sends a prophet to chastise Israel. 6:11-27– An angel of the Lord came to Gideon… the

Lord is with you, mighty man of valor! Vss. 11-12

– Gideon: My clan is the weakest in Manasseh; I am the least in my father’s house. v. 15

– Gideon: Show me a sign• Offering accepted by the Lord (Angel touches

the offering with his staff)

Gideon

• Gideon destroys the Altar of Baal (as God commanded). 6:28-35– He feared his father’s household and the

city to destroy the altar by day. v. 27

– Jerubaal: Name his father gave him for contending against Baal.

• Midianites/Amalekites attack: overcome by Gideon (and those with him). Vss. 33-35

Gideon

• Another Sign: 6:36-40– Let me know if you will save Israel by my

hand. – Sign of the fleece.• Dew on fleece only; dry land• Dew on land; fleece dry

• 300 fight against the Midianites and Amalekites. 7:1-25

• Gideon: the Lord rule over you. 8:22-23• Rest 40 years

Gideon

• Abimelech conspires and kills 70 of Jerubaal’s (Gideon) sons and becomes king over Israel

• Jotham (youngest son of Jerubaal) speaks out (prophesies) against Shechem and Abimelech

• Rules over Israel 3 yrs• Jotham’s curse came upon Abimelech and

Shechem

Reference: Judges 9

Abimelech

Abimelech (Gideon’s son)– Since Gideon dies Israel again played the

harlot. 8:33– They worshiped the Baals.

Abimelech influences the people of Shechem to make him ruler over them. 9:1-6– Hires worthless men.– Attacks/murders his own brothers (save

Jotham who hid). v. 5– Becomes king of Shechem.

Judges 9

Abimelech

Jotham speaks out against Shechem and Abilmelech: 9:7-21– In memorial of his father (who fought for

Israel, risked his life, etc.)…– If you have acted in truth and sincerity (so

be it)– If not: may Abimelech devour Shechem and

Shechem devour Abimelech. Three years later (God repays Abimelech for his evil): 9:22-56

Abimelech

10:1 Now after Abimelech died, Tola the son of Puah, the son of Dodo, a man of Issachar, arose to save Israel; and he lived in Shamir in the hill country of Ephraim. 2 And he judged Israel twenty-three years. Then he died and was buried in Shamir.

Judges 10

Tolah

10:3-5 After him arose Jair, a Gileadite; and he judged Israel twenty-two years. Now he had thirty sons who rode on thirty donkeys; they also had thirty towns, which are called “Havoth Jair” to this day, which are in the land of Gilead. And Jair died and was buried in Camon.

Jair

(Jdg 11:1-11)•Jephthah (the man)– Lived in Gilead (east of Jordan river). 11:1– A valiant warrior, but born of a harlot. 11:1– Driven away by his (half) brothers. 11:2– Worthless fellows banded with him. 11:3

•People of Gilead ask Jephthah for help and make him head over them. 11:4-11

Judges 11-12 People want Jephthah over them

Jepthah

• Jephthah’s dialogue with the Ammonites. 11:12-28– Jephthah: why have you come to fight

against my land? v. 12– Ammon: because you took my land when

you came out of Egypt. v. 13– Jephthah gives a history of how Israel came

to possess the land. Vss. 14-27– Ammon rejects Jephthah’s words

Judges 11-12 Jephthah and Ammonites

Jepthah

Jephthah’s vow. 11:29-40– If You will give the sons of Ammon into my

hand… whatever comes out to meet me… it shall be the Lord’s, and (or) I will offer it up as a burnt offering.

– God gave Jephthah a great victory. v. 33– His daughter (only child) met him… and caused

him great sadness. Vss. 34-35– She bewails her virginity with her companions.

v. 36ff

Judges 11-12 Jephthah’s vow

Jepthah

• Civil war between Gileadites (Rueben and Gad) and Ephraimites.12:1-7– Ephraim upset Gilead did not ask for their

aid.– Gilead said they asked but Ephraim

wouldn’t help.– War (instead of peace) breaks out between

God’s people (separated by the Jordan).

Judges 11-12 War between Ephraim & GileadJepthah

• After him, Ibzan of Bethlehem judged Israel. He had thirty sons. And he gave away thirty daughters in marriage, and brought in thirty daughters from elsewhere for his sons. He judged Israel seven years. Then Ibzan died and was buried at Bethlehem.

Judges 12:8-10

Judges 12

ibzan

After him, Elon the Zebulunite judged Israel. He judged Israel ten years.

Judges 12:11-12

elon

After him, Abdon the son of Hillel the Pirathonite judged Israel. He had forty sons and thirty grandsons, who rode on seventy young donkeys. He judged Israel eight years. Then Abdon the son of Hillel the Pirathonite died and was buried in Pirathon in the land of Ephraim, in the mountains of the Amalekites.

Judges 12:13-15

abdon

Israel does evil…again. God delivers them to the Philistines 13:1; 15:11•Samson (Nazarite from womb). 13:2-5– Son of Manoah (tribe of Dan): childless. – Angel appears before his wife and instructs

her:• Touch no wine/strong drink• Do not cut his hair.• Nazarite vow. Num. 6:2-5ff• He shall deliver Israel from the Philistines. v. 5

– Dialogue: Manoah and the angel of the Lord. 13:6-25

Judges 13-16 -Birth of SamsonSamson

Spirit of the Lord begins to stir w/in Samson. 13:25Wants to marry a Philistine woman. 14:1-4• This disappoints his parents• But, this was of the Lord.

Spirit of the Lord manifested in his killing a lion. 14:5-11• Bees make honey in the lion; Samson

takes/eats• Uses the lion and honey for a riddle: the

beginning of the Philistines destruction

Samson

Samson’s riddle: for 30 linen garments/changes of clothes. 14:10-20– The Philistines could not figure the riddle…

press Samson’s wife.– His wife learns the riddle from Samson and

tells it to the Philistine guests.– Samson’s anger lead him to kill Philistines

(from Ashkelon) and paid the bet to the Philistine guests.

– Samson’s wife given to the “best man.” v. 20

Judges 13-16 Samson gets married/riddle (Jdg 14)Samson

Philistines wheat fields destroyed (Jdg 15:1-7)– Samson wants to have his wife back but her

father gave her to his best man. Vss. 1-2– Samson’s anger is now against the

Philistines: sets their fields on fire with 300 foxes tied in pairs. Vss. 3-5

– The Philistines kill both Samon’s wife and her father. v. 6

– In return, Samson takes revenge upon the Philistines. Vss. 7-8

Judges 13-16 Philistine wheat fields destroyedSamson

Samson against the Philistines. 15:9-20– Philistines go to Judah to arrest Samson.

Vss. 11-13– Israelites bind Samson and deliver him to

the Philistines and brought him to Lehi (“jawbone”). Vss. 14-17• Samson breaks free and kills 1,000

Philistines with a jawbone of a donkey.• He names the place Ramath-lehi (high

place of the jawbone). v. 17•Samson Judges Israel 20 years. v. 20

Judges 13-16 Samson bound (Jdg 15:1-7)Samson

• Kills more in Gaza. 16:1-3• Samson and Delilah– He falls in love with Delilah (in the valley of

Sorek). v. 4– The Philistines bribe Delilah to betray

Samson and find out where his strength lies.– She finally gets him to reveal his strength

and is captured. Vss. 6-17• Samson bound, kills more in his death (about

3,000) than when he was alive. Vss. 18-31

Judges 13-16 Samson and Delilah (Jdg 16)

Samson

Ark taken; Eli dies. 4:1ff– Israel meets the Philistines in battle. v. 1– Israel defeated (4,000 killed). v. 2– Israel takes into battle. Vss. 3-4– Philistines took courage, defeated Israel,

captured the ark. Vss. 5-11– Eli learns of his sons’ deaths and capture of

the ark: falls, dies (98 yrs old). Vss. 12-18•Judged Israel 40 years. 1 Sam. 4:18

1 Samuel 1-4 Eli (1 Samuel 4)Eli

Born in answer to Hannah’s prayer 1 Sam. 1:5–21Dedicated to God before his birth 1 Sam. 1:11, 22Brought to Shiloh 1 Sam. 1:24–28Hannah praises Godfor Samuel 1 Sam. 2:1–10Received a revelation concerning Eli’s house 1 Sam. 3:1–19

1 Samuel 1-25 Samuel: Birth to revelation (1 Sam. 1-3)Samuel

• Recognized as a prophet 1 Sam. 3:20, 21• Became a circuit judge

1 Sam. 7:15–17• Called Israel to repentance

1 Sam. 7:3–6• Anointed Saul as king

1 Sam. 10:1• Lamented in death

1 Sam. 25:1

1 Samuel 1-25 Samuel: prophet to death (1 Sam. 3-25)Samuel

• Micah (the man)– Lived in the hill country of Ephraim. V. 1– Stole his mother’s 1,100 pieces of silver. V. 2– His mother dedicated the silver for Micah to

make a “graven image.” v. 3

• What Micah made. V. 4-5– Molten/graven image– Shrine (with idols)– Ephod

Judges 17 Micah: the man (Jdg 17:1-5)Story of Micah

• Micah: Everyone doing what is right in their own eyes. v. 6

• Takes a wondering Levite to be his priest– Micah consecrated one of his sons, who

became his priest. Jdg 17:5– Micah takes in a wandering Levite and

makes him “a father and priest” to him. – “Now I know that the Lord will be good to

me, since I have a Levite as priest!” v. 13

Judges 17 Micah: makes a Levite his priest (Jdg 17:5-13)Story of Micah

• Tribe of Dan (background). – Their original territory.

Josh. 19:40-48– They had yet to “take” their inheritance.

Jdg. 18:1– Amorites force them to the mountains.

Jdg. 1:34-36– By this time the tribe sought a new location

as their inheritance.– They sought to “search the land.” Jdg. 18:1-2

Judges 18 Micah: army from Dan pass through (Jdg.18:1-2)Story of Micah

Tribe of Dan (spy out new territory) Ch. 18:1-13– Came to Micah’s home and lodged. V. 2ff

Heard/recognized the voice of a Levite. V. 3He explained that he was hired to be Micah’s priest.Levite: Go in peace; your way in which you are going has the Lord’s approval. V. 6

– They spy out and like Laish (will return for it). V. 7

Story of Micah

• Tribe of Dan (take’s Micah’s priest/idols). 18:14-31– On the way back (to get the tribe before

settling in Laish) they take Micah’s idolatrous things and the Levite. V. 14-20

– They destroy Laish (call it Mahaneh Dan: “camp of Dan”)

Judges 18 Micah’s priest/idols taken (Jdg 18:14-31)Story of Micah

Levite: context– Sojourning in the remote part of the hill

country of Ephraim. V. 1– Had a concubine from Bethlehem. V. 1– She played the harlot: goes back and stays in

father’s home for four months. V. 2– Levite goes to find her and speaks tenderly

toward her. V. 3– Spends five days with his father-in-law (who

detained him with food/drink). V. 4-9

Judges 19-20 Levite and his concubine (Jdg 19:1-9)Levite’s Concubine

• Levite: taking his concubine home– Servant asks to spend the night in Jebus

(Jerusalem)– Levite says no: We will not turn aside into

the city of foreigners… but we will go on as far as Gibeah. V. 12

– Came to Gibeah (about 5 miles north of Jerusalem), but none kept them in their homes.

– An old man (also from hill country of Ephraim) takes Levite in.

Judges 19-20 Levite and his concubine (Jdg 19:10-21)Levite’s Concubine

• In the old man’s house:– Wicked men wanted to know the Levite

carnally. V. 22– The host offers his daughter and the Levite’s

concubine to them. Vss. 23-24– The men refuse the old man and the Levite

seized his concubine and gave her to the wicked men: who is raped. V. 25-26

– The man goes home, cuts his concubine in 12 pieces and scatters her abroad the twelve tribes of Israel

Judges 19-20 Levite’s concubine ravaged (Jdg 19:22-30)Levite’s Concubine

• Israel wars against the Benjamites. Ch. 20– Israel demanded the wicked men from

Gibeah, but Benjamin refused. Vss. 1-13– 400,000 from tribes of Israel; Benjamin

gathers 24,000 men (plus 700 from Gibeah).– Israel defeated twice:• Went to Bethel and offered sacrifices to

God; sought counsel again. V. 18-27• This time Israel successful against Benjamin

(25,100 men of Benjamin killed). V. 28ff

Judges 19-20 Israel wars against Benjamin (Jdg 20)Levite’s Concubine

Background: Ch. 1– Man and woman (Naomi: pleasantness’) leave

Bethlehem and sojourned in the land of Moab due to famine. vss. 1-2

– Husband dies. V. 3– While there his sons marry Moabite women

(one of them: Ruth). V. 4Ruth goes to Bethlehem with Naomi. V. 14ff– Naomi asks to be called (Mara: ‘bitter’)

Book of Ruth

• Ruth meets Boaz. Ch. 2– Ruth asked to glean in the fields. Vss. 1-10– Boaz found favor with her because of her

loyalty to Naomi. V. 11• Naomi seeks a husband for Ruth. Ch. 3– Ruth goes to be with Boaz.– He blesses her, but tells her of another

(closer) relative.• Boaz redeems Ruth (becomes her

husband). Ch. 4

Book of Ruth