The Cell CycleInterphase

MitosisCytokinesis

How do cells produce more cells?

Cell Cycle

Producing new cells allows you to grow and replace cells that have died

Cell Theory: All cells come from existing cells

The cell cycle is the life cycle of the cell

The cell cycle begins when the cell is formed and ends when the cell divides to form two new cells

Making Prokaryotic Cells

Prokaryotes are simple, so their cell division is simple

Cell division in prokaryotes (bacteria) is called binary fission

Making Eukaryotic Cells

Eukaryotes are more complex, so their cell division is more complex

Stages of the Cell Cycle

Interphase

Mitosis

Cytokinesis

Stage 1: Interphase

Longest stage of the cell cycle

Normal state of the cell – resting state

Eventually…Cell grows

Cell copies its

organelles and

chromosomes

Stage 2: Mitosis – Prophase

Nuclear membrane/envelop dissolves

Chromosomes from inside nucleus condense

Two centrioles move to opposite sides of the cell

Stage 2: Mitosis – Metaphase

Chromosomes line up across the center of the cell

Stage 2: Mitosis – Anaphase

Chromosomes split into chromatids

Chromatids separate and are pulled

to opposite sides of the cell

Stage 2: Mitosis – Telophase

Nuclear membrane/envelope reforms around each of the two sets of chromosomes

Nuclei separate and pull away from each other

Stage 3: Cytokinesis

Cytoplasm splits into two cells that are identical to the original cell

Each “daughter cells” contain the same number and quality of chromosomes