The Circulatory The Circulatory SystemSystemStudy GuideStudy Guide

What is the circulatory What is the circulatory (cardiovascular) system?(cardiovascular) system?

It is made up of many arteries, veins, It is made up of many arteries, veins, and the heart. and the heart.

This system moves blood through This system moves blood through your body to provide oxygen to all of your body to provide oxygen to all of your organs and tissues. your organs and tissues.

A doctor who studies the heart and A doctor who studies the heart and cardiovascular system is acardiovascular system is a CARDIOLOGIST.CARDIOLOGIST.

HeartHeartThe heart is a muscle the size of a The heart is a muscle the size of a FISTFIST. .

It is located slightly to the It is located slightly to the LEFTLEFT of the of the MIDDLEMIDDLE of your of your CHESTCHEST. .

The heart is like a The heart is like a PUMPPUMP. It has two . It has two parts, the parts, the RIGHTRIGHT and and LEFTLEFT. .

The right side receives The right side receives BLOODBLOOD from the from the body and body and PUMPSPUMPS it to the it to the LUNGSLUNGS to to get oxygen. get oxygen.

The The LEFT LEFT side receives blood from the side receives blood from the LUNGSLUNGS and pumps it to the and pumps it to the BODYBODY. The . The left side is left side is LARGERLARGER because it must because it must push push BLOODBLOOD a longer distance. a longer distance.

The heart has four areas called The heart has four areas called CHAMBERSCHAMBERS, two on each side. They , two on each side. They are the right are the right ATRIUMATRIUM, left , left ATRIUMATRIUM, , right right VENTRICLEVENTRICLE, and left , and left VENTRICLEVENTRICLE..

Atria receive Atria receive BLOODBLOOD returning from returning from the the BODYBODY. .

Ventricles Ventricles PUMPPUMP blood out of the blood out of the HEARTHEART. .

What does the heart sound like? LUB-What does the heart sound like? LUB-DUBDUB

The “lub” sound occurs while the heart is The “lub” sound occurs while the heart is CONTRACTING CONTRACTING to push blood through to push blood through the body. the body.

The “dub” sound occurs while the heart The “dub” sound occurs while the heart is is RELAXINGRELAXING and filling with blood. and filling with blood.

What is the instrument that a medical What is the instrument that a medical professional uses to listen to your professional uses to listen to your heart?heart?

STETHOSCOPESTETHOSCOPE..

What is the average or normal resting What is the average or normal resting pulse rate? pulse rate? 60-100 bpm (beats per 60-100 bpm (beats per minute)minute)

Blood VesselsBlood Vessels

Help carry Help carry BLOODBLOOD to the to the ENTIRE BODYENTIRE BODY

*arteries carry blood *arteries carry blood AWAYAWAY form the heart. form the heart.

* Veins return * Veins return BLOODBLOOD back to the heart. back to the heart. Capillaries are very small tubes that Capillaries are very small tubes that connect connect ARTERIESARTERIES and and VEINSVEINS..

Blood PressureBlood Pressure

What is blood pressure?What is blood pressure?

Measure of the amount of force your Measure of the amount of force your blood exert against the walls of your blood exert against the walls of your arteries.arteries.

We record blood pressure as two We record blood pressure as two numbers. numbers. SYSTOLICSYSTOLIC and and DIASTOLICDIASTOLIC. .

Systolic is the amount of force when the Systolic is the amount of force when the heart is heart is CONTRACTINGCONTRACTING to push to push BLOODBLOOD through the through the BODYBODY. .

Diastolic is the amount of force when Diastolic is the amount of force when the the HEARTHEART is is RELAXEDRELAXED. .

What is normal (or average) blood What is normal (or average) blood pressure?pressure?

120/80120/80

HypertensionHypertension

Is also known as Is also known as HIGH BLOOD HIGH BLOOD PRESSUREPRESSURE..

When blood pressure is too high, you When blood pressure is too high, you are at risk for are at risk for STROKESTROKE, , KIDNEYKIDNEY disease and disease and HEART ATTACKHEART ATTACK..

What is a stroke?What is a stroke?

The brain does not get enough blood, The brain does not get enough blood, oxygen to the brain.oxygen to the brain.

What is a heart attack?What is a heart attack?

Part of the heart does not get blood and Part of the heart does not get blood and this can cause your heart muscle to be this can cause your heart muscle to be injured, damaged permanently, and can injured, damaged permanently, and can even cause death.even cause death.

Signs and symptoms:Signs and symptoms:

Chest pain, nauseated, weak body. Pulse Chest pain, nauseated, weak body. Pulse may be fast, weak, or irregular. Might may be fast, weak, or irregular. Might sweat, faint, feel dizzy, or unable to catch sweat, faint, feel dizzy, or unable to catch your breath, skin can become pale or your breath, skin can become pale or blue. blue.

What happens when your heart stops What happens when your heart stops beating?beating?

your body will die.your body will die.

What is the number one cause of What is the number one cause of death in the United States?death in the United States?

Cardiovascular Disease.Cardiovascular Disease.

Your BloodYour Blood

Your heart pumps Your heart pumps BLOODBLOOD to all the to all the cells in your body. Every minute cells in your body. Every minute your heart pumps about your heart pumps about 4 1/2 liters4 1/2 liters of blood, and in one day about of blood, and in one day about 2,000 2,000 gallonsgallons. .

Blood has two parts:Blood has two parts:

PLASMAPLASMA is the liquid part, made up of is the liquid part, made up of WATERWATER, chemicals and nutrients. , chemicals and nutrients.

The solid part is made up of The solid part is made up of REDRED blood cells (RBC’s); they carry blood cells (RBC’s); they carry OXYGENOXYGEN to your cells. to your cells.

WHITEWHITE blood Cells (WBC’s) help to blood Cells (WBC’s) help to fight fight INFECTIONINFECTION. .

Platelets help Platelets help STOPSTOP bleeding. Some bleeding. Some blood diseases that may affect RBC’s blood diseases that may affect RBC’s and WBC’s and platelets are and WBC’s and platelets are ANEMIAANEMIA and and LEUKEMIALEUKEMIA. .

Anemia is a Anemia is a DISEASEDISEASE in which your in which your body does not have enough body does not have enough RBC’sRBC’s. .

This will cause your body to not get This will cause your body to not get enough enough OXYGENOXYGEN. Anemia can be . Anemia can be cause by cause by BLOODBLOOD loss, loss, HEREDITARYHEREDITARY, , and poor and poor NUTRITIONNUTRITION..

Having too many Having too many WBC’sWBC’s can cause can cause LEUKEMIALEUKEMIA. This is . This is CANCERCANCER of the of the blood. blood.