THE CIVIL WAR: THE CIVIL WAR: ConclusionConclusion

Chapters 11.4 – 11.5Chapters 11.4 – 11.5

Armies Clash at GettysburgArmies Clash at Gettysburg

May 1863, the South won in the Battle at May 1863, the South won in the Battle at Chancellorsville Chancellorsville May 2nd, General Stonewall Jackson is May 2nd, General Stonewall Jackson is accidentally shot accidentally shot Despite losing Jackson, Lee decided to press his Despite losing Jackson, Lee decided to press his advantage and invade the North advantage and invade the North The Battle of The Battle of Gettysburg Gettysburg became the turning became the turning point of the war point of the war As shots were fired, more troops were drawn to As shots were fired, more troops were drawn to the battlethe battle

The Second DayThe Second Day

July 2nd – 90,000 Yankees vs. 75,000 July 2nd – 90,000 Yankees vs. 75,000 Confederates Confederates

The Rebels overran the Union troops who The Rebels overran the Union troops who had left their positionshad left their positions

Eventually many Confederates Eventually many Confederates surrendered surrendered

The Third DayThe Third Day

July 3rd – Lee was optimistic that he could break July 3rd – Lee was optimistic that he could break Union lines Union lines Lee ordered Longstreet to push forwardLee ordered Longstreet to push forwardLee sent General Stuart to circle around and Lee sent General Stuart to circle around and surprise Meade’s forcessurprise Meade’s forcesLee had to lead his remaining troops back Lee had to lead his remaining troops back towards the Southtowards the SouthOver 30% of the forces died in the battleOver 30% of the forces died in the battle– Union – 23,000 killed or woundedUnion – 23,000 killed or wounded– Confederacy – 28,000 killed or woundedConfederacy – 28,000 killed or wounded

Grant Wins at VicksburgGrant Wins at Vicksburg

General Grant continued his quest to take General Grant continued his quest to take the Mississippi at the Mississippi at Vicksburg, VAVicksburg, VA Grant landed infantry south of Vicksburg Grant landed infantry south of Vicksburg on April 30 on April 30 May 1863, Grant planned for a siege May 1863, Grant planned for a siege Food supplies ran so low that people ate Food supplies ran so low that people ate dogs and mulesdogs and mulesJuly 3, 1863 – Confederate forces asked July 3, 1863 – Confederate forces asked Grant for his terms of surrender Grant for his terms of surrender

The Gettysburg AddressThe Gettysburg Address

November 1863, Lincoln delivered his November 1863, Lincoln delivered his famous famous Gettysburg Address Gettysburg Address

The speech is said to have “Remade The speech is said to have “Remade America” America”

The Confederacy Wears DownThe Confederacy Wears Down

After the Gettysburg After the Gettysburg and Vicksburg, the and Vicksburg, the Confederacy was now Confederacy was now facing insurmountable facing insurmountable odds odds Confederate morale Confederate morale began to deteriorate began to deteriorate Jefferson Davis began Jefferson Davis began to have great difficulty to have great difficulty governing the governing the Confederate statesConfederate statesPeace movements Peace movements began to spread began to spread throughout the South throughout the South

Grant Appoints ShermanGrant Appoints Sherman

March 1864, Lincoln appointed March 1864, Lincoln appointed Grant as the commander of all Grant as the commander of all Union armiesUnion armiesGrant appointed Grant appointed William William Tecumseh Sherman Tecumseh Sherman as as commander of the military in commander of the military in Mississippi Mississippi Both Grant and Sherman Both Grant and Sherman believed in Total War believed in Total War Grant’s strategy was to Grant’s strategy was to immobilize Lee’s army in VA immobilize Lee’s army in VA while Sherman raided GA while Sherman raided GA May 1864, Grant began a May 1864, Grant began a series of brutal attacks series of brutal attacks May 4 – June 18, 1865: Grant May 4 – June 18, 1865: Grant lost nearly 60,000 men to lost nearly 60,000 men to Lee’s 32,000 Lee’s 32,000

Sherman’s MarchSherman’s March

Sep. 2, 1864 – Sherman abandons his supply Sep. 2, 1864 – Sherman abandons his supply lines and heads SE through Georgia lines and heads SE through Georgia

Sherman declared he would make Southerners Sherman declared he would make Southerners “so sick of war that generations would pass “so sick of war that generations would pass away before they would again appeal to it.” away before they would again appeal to it.”

After taking Savannah, Sherman turned north to After taking Savannah, Sherman turned north to help Grant against Lee help Grant against Lee

Sherman inflicted even more damage as he Sherman inflicted even more damage as he marched through SC marched through SC

The Election of 1864 and The Election of 1864 and Surrender at AppomattoxSurrender at Appomattox

Lincoln faced heavy opposition in the 1864 Lincoln faced heavy opposition in the 1864 election election Radical Republicans pressured Lincoln as well Radical Republicans pressured Lincoln as well Lincoln’s party called themselves the National Lincoln’s party called themselves the National Union Party Union Party Union success in GA and VA helped get Lincoln Union success in GA and VA helped get Lincoln the votes to win re-election the votes to win re-election April 2, 1865 – Richmond is abandoned April 2, 1865 – Richmond is abandoned April 9, 1865 – the Confederates surrender at April 9, 1865 – the Confederates surrender at Appomattox Court HouseAppomattox Court House

The War Changes the NationThe War Changes the Nation

The Federal government ended the threat of The Federal government ended the threat of secession following the Civil War secession following the Civil War

The war greatly increased the power of the The war greatly increased the power of the federal government federal government

The Civil War had a large impact on the nation’s The Civil War had a large impact on the nation’s economyeconomy

1863 – 1863 – National Bank Act National Bank Act

More ChangesMore Changes

The Northern economy boomed The Northern economy boomed The Southern economy was devastated The Southern economy was devastated The economic gap between the North and the The economic gap between the North and the South grew drastically South grew drastically The war had a huge affect on every American The war had a huge affect on every American family:family:– 360,000 Union soldiers killed; 275,000 wounded360,000 Union soldiers killed; 275,000 wounded– 260,000 Confederate soldiers killed; 225,000 260,000 Confederate soldiers killed; 225,000

wounded wounded – 2,400,000 served during the war 2,400,000 served during the war – The two governments combined to spend $3.3 billion The two governments combined to spend $3.3 billion

The War Changes LivesThe War Changes Lives

1865 – the 1865 – the Thirteenth Amendment Thirteenth Amendment is is passed passed

Many soldiers had to decide what to do Many soldiers had to decide what to do with their lives following the war with their lives following the war

Many veterans returned to their small Many veterans returned to their small towns after the war towns after the war

1881, Barton helped form the American 1881, Barton helped form the American Red CrossRed Cross

The Assassination of LincolnThe Assassination of Lincoln

April 14, 1865 – Lincoln went to Ford’s April 14, 1865 – Lincoln went to Ford’s Theatre to see Theatre to see Our American CousinOur American Cousin John Wilkes Booth John Wilkes Booth was eventually was eventually caught and shot 12 days later caught and shot 12 days later Lincoln died at 7:22 A.M. on April 15 Lincoln died at 7:22 A.M. on April 15 7 million Americans attended Lincoln’s 7 million Americans attended Lincoln’s funeral train funeral train America faced two major issues now America faced two major issues now without Lincoln without Lincoln