the cloud, the enterprise architect and the cio
DESCRIPTION
The cloud is everywhere with every CIO asking IT where's mine? So what do we do? This deck discusses talking clouds and how business capabilities can get you looking above technology and process plus some thoughts on tools in Agile that coupld be applied at the EA levelTRANSCRIPT
Implications of Cloud Computing
for Enterprise Architects
Matt Deacon
Chief Architectural Advisor, Developer & Platform Group, Microsoft UK
www.twitter.com/mattdeacon
blogs.msdn.com/matt_deacon
www.iasahome.org/web/uk/certification
From: Jonathan Murray
Worldwide Technology Officer
Microsoft
Disclaimer*
1. Forward Looking Statements: The following presentation contains certain predictions and forecasts which may possibly/probably, turn out to be wholly inaccurate.
2. Utility: The forward looking nature of this presentation is unlikely to provide any information which will prove useful for addressing near term challenges in your business or personal life.
3. Work In Progress: This is an ongoing piece of work; as such the author reserves the right to right to amend, replace or contradict any premises, argument or logical statements contained herein.
4. Investment Decisions: Under no circumstances should the information be used to make investment or other life changing decisions. The author’s liability shall not exceed the fee received for this presentation.
Disclaimer v2
What I really said …
The “Cloud” is everywhere these days with every CIO shouting “I want one of those!”
A bit like they did with SOA and we ended up with the dreaded ESB!
With Cloud the promise of procuring services without the cost and hassle of IT staff is all too appealing for many!
But wasn‟t this one of the great promises of “outsourcing” and we all know where that‟s ended up!
The problem this time is in many dysfunctional organisations the motivation in moving to cloud is as a way to bypass IT – this can only be a recipe for disaster longer term.
blogs.msdn.com/matt_deacon/archive/2010/02/03/talking-at-eac-this-june.aspx
Clouds clouds everywhere
Service
Business
Vendors
Integrators Outsource
Offshore
Agenda
• Talking clouds Build a cloud taxonomy and an approach to using it with key stakeholders from
business to IT.
• Business Capabilities Discuss how looking above process and implementation at a business's capabilities
enables EAs to engage in different discussions about the business.
• Future of IT The future IT department in terms of new responsibilities and roles and understand
the key architectural considerations of entering into a world of hybrid architectures.
• Lessons from Agile Finally, while EAs yearn to be heard by the business, it is too easy to isolate ourselves
from the rest of IT along on the journey. We'll look at key lessons from agile
development and how these can be applied at the architectural tier and in so doing
learn about "technical debt" and how in the right hands, it is a good thing!
Talking Clouds
A cloud taxonomy and an approach to using it
with key stakeholders from business to IT.
Cloud Computing Defined
• Providing IT resources, as a service, in a dynamic and scalable manner
over a network*
• Five essential characteristics of the Cloud:
– On-demand self-service
– Broad network access
– Resource pooling
– Rapid elasticity
– Measured service
• Public, Private, Community, Hybrid
• Software, Platform, Infrastructure „as a Service‟
Provide business services, in a dynamic, efficient, cost effective and reliable manner that add business value*
A Simple Cloud View
Platform as a Service
• Development Environment, Storage,
Management
• Windows Azure, Google AppEngine, Force.com
Infrastructure as a Service
• Compute & virtualisation platform
• Amazon EC2, VMWare vSphere
Software as a Service
• Complete full function solutions
• Salesforce, Microsoft Online (Hosted Exchange
etc.)
A Simple Cloud View
Platform
Infrastructure
Software
Platform
Infrastructure
Software
… as a Service
CLOUD
Exec
Sales
Marketing Production
IT
Cost
Agile
Competitive
Green Predictable
Innovation
Profitable
Simple
Stakeholder view of cloud?
Adoption - Extension of Buy Versus
Build
Customer Example B
uild
Customer Example B
uild
Customer Example
Customer Example
Customer Example
Customer Example
Customer Example
Customer Example
Adopting Cloud
•Augment
•Extend Enhance
•Re-architect
•Re-create Transform
Build from
Scratch Create
•Re-house
•Transfer Move
Systems which can‟t easily be directly moved to the cloud can still be enhanced by making use of cloud services.
Over the longer term it is necessary to understand what opportunities the cloud presents to transform your applications and services.
If you have plans to create new internal technology solutions, or you're looking to deliver new products and services, the cloud can provide the perfect platform.
You should start with opportunities to move existing functionality into the cloud, including moving physical hosting and moving to a Cloud service.
Outlook: partly cloudy with sunny spells to follow www.dotnetsolutions.co.uk/Assets/pdfs/Hybrid Cloud White Paper.pdf
Business Capabilities
Discuss how looking above process and
implementation at a business's capabilities
enables EAs to engage in different
discussions about the business.
What is a business?
Customers Business
Partners The business
Develop
Demand
Fulfil
Plan
What is a business?
Customers Business
Partners The business
Develop
Demand
Fulfil
Plan
Fulfil Demand
Provide
Service
Advanced
Planning
Produce
Product Procure
Resources
Logistics
Procure Resources
Sourcing
Management Purchasing
Request Resources
Acquire/Purchase Resources
Create
Purchase
Requisitions
Purchase
Direct
Materials &
Supplies
Purchase
Indirect
Materials
Purchase
Outside
Vendor
Services
Purchase
Capital
Goods
Consolidate
Approved
Requisitions
by Supplier
Create
Purchase
Orders
Choose or
Default
Supplier for
Goods
Manage
RFI/RFQ/
RFP
process
Manage
Open to
Buy/Blanket
POs
Verify/
Negotiate
Price
Manage
Requisition
Approva
Processl
Perform
Encumbrance
Check
Track Open
POs
Manage Suppliers
Manage
Supplier
Relationships
Track
Supplier
Commitments
Maintain
Supplier
Catalog
Manage
Purchase
Item
Catalog
Create
Auction Bids
Manage
Automatic
Replenish-
ment
Manage
Purchasing
Methods
Approve
& Validate
Contract
Payments
Manage
Buyer
Performance
Provide Supplier
Self-Help
Anatomy of a Capability
People
Technology
Process
Anatomy of a Capability
Properties of capabilities
• Stable
• Describe what not how
• Measurable
• Value oriented
Valuing capabilities
• Value
– Cost
– Differentiation
– Complexity
– Maturity
• Performance
– Duration/responsiveness
– Accuracy
– Reliability
Capability Heat Maps
Capability Business Value Performance
Financial Management High Low
Human Resources Med Low
Project Management High Med
Property and Advisory High High
This heat map indicates that
Financial Management has
a high opportunity value
for improvement.
High
Med
Low
Border Colour Fill Colour
SOA and Capabilities
• They‟re very compatible • Capabilities moves you above the tech layer
• The problem with SOA Junkies are … • They think like Adam Smith - Division of Labour
• They think like Ford - Assembly line
• They think like Alfred Sloan - Mass production (Management)
• They think too much about – Separations of Concerns
– Encapsulation
– Re-use!
• It‟s SOA for SOA‟s sake – This is a technological view – not a business one
The problem with SO Junkies!
• Duplication/synchronisity is not a problem
• Share services are a read herring
• Normalisation
• A universal enterprise architecture/single architecture
• Single version of truth • SOA solves integration
Myths
Dynamic Specialised Capability
Building The Only Sustainable Edge, Hagel, Seely-Brown
“Primary purpose of the firm is to accelerate
knowledge and capability building … so all
can create even more value”
• Value Oriented
• Business Service Centric
• Build shared/open innovation models
Future of IT
The future IT department in terms of new
responsibilities and roles and understand
the key architectural considerations of
entering into a world of hybrid
architectures.
Adopting Cloud
• Never?
– “Time and tide …”
Copyright Freeform Dynamics 2008
http://www.freeformdynamics.com/fullarticle.asp?aid=318
Convergence or Collision?
SOA
Dynamic IT Internet
Sourcing
Physics
Global-
isation
Eco
-
no
mic
s B
ou
nd
ary
Ero
sion
Move to Multi-Sourcing
Iain Mortimer, Chief Architect, BoAML, AIC2010 channel9.msdn.com/posts/mattdeacon/Talking-Architects-with-Iain-Mortimer
IT Organisation of the Future
Business Stakeholder Group - Board-level responsibility/ownership
- Capability Owners/sponsors
- Customers
Commercial IP
Department
- IP & Data Protection
- SLA/KPIs
- Penalties
- Prime/ Sub Contracts
Architecture &
Design
- Portfolio Management
- Standards & Governance
- Roadmap
- Design Authority
Service & Change
Management
- Monitoring
- Integration
- Service Reporting
- Scheduling
- Service desk
Capability Delivery Team - Supplier/Service Selection
- Due diligence
IT
Predictions for the future of IT
IT
1. IT will physically
contract with focus
on value generation
2. ITs boundaries
will expand 8. Architecture
and Design will
be the key
technology
related roles
4. Commercials and
Service management will
be major IT functions
5. But these can
be sourced
externally too.
3. Services
provided to the
organisation will
be at finer levels
of specialisation
BUT external
broker providers
will hide much of
this
6. Data is the key
asset to be
protected over
process
7. But this too could
be hosted externally
Service Centricity
Service
Business
Vendors
Integrators Outsource
Offshore
• Innovation & Incubation Centres – Intra-Enterprise Start-up
– Responsible for full business P&L
– Self-defining, self-organising
– Fast scale, fast fail
• Innovation partnerships – Shared IP, shared Risk/Reward
– Annuity-based
– Open new markets
– Continued Innovation
Collaborative/Shared Innovation
Lessons from Agile
Finally, while EAs yearn to be heard by the business, it
is too easy to isolate ourselves from the rest of IT
along on the journey. We'll look at key lessons from
agile development and how these can be applied at
the architectural tier and in so doing learn about
"technical debt" and how in the right hands, it is a
good thing!
• Agile doesn‟t scale
• Agile is feature led
• Agile doesn‟t care about architecture
Small is the new Big
Standish CHAOS report
blogs.msdn.com/matt_deacon/archive/2009/07/31/projects-failures-on-the-up.aspx
Small is the new Big
Small is the new Big
“Every seven years, we have torn up what has gone before and started again …
There have been eight cycles of 'build and scrap' since 1946. The first cost $100m,
equal to 7 per cent of business investment at the time. The last cost $2,000bn, or 47
per cent. The next would have cost $5,000bn but we have run out of money: we have come to the end of history as we
know it.”
Exponential Costs
Paul A. Strassmann.
http://www.strassmann.com
Agile tools at
Enterprise Scale
Technical Debt
• Result of short term decision making?
• Tool for Technical Cash-flow management?
• Benefits • Early delivery
• Clarification of Requirements
• Control over investments
• Joint customer & partner responsibility
• But how do you repay? • Continual Improvement / Refactoring
• Appropriate investment
• Tracking/monitoring debt
http://c2.com/cgi/wiki?WardExplainsDebtMetaphor
• Identify and value capabilities
• Obtain broad stakeholder buy-in
– Break down barriers
– Develop joint Understanding, Ownership, Responsibility, Trust
• Find out what‟s broken!
• Take Action!
Enterprise Planning Poker A method to …
• Cost
• Differentiation
• Complexity
• Maturity
• Performance
Think …
• Cloud is real, here and to stay!
– The term is confusing
– Know your audience
– It‟s not an either/or model
– Many ways to consider adoption
– Integration as a Strategy is key
Think …
• Business Capabilities
– Above the process
– Best of SOA (but not OTT)
– Business value oriented
Think …
• Small is the new BIG
– Think small to think BIG
– It‟s a discipline to be agile
not an excuse!
– Agile approaches apply to EA
– In a service centric world
agile development is key
– No more monoliths
Think …
• Service Centricity
– A Technology enabled
Business shift
– Effects right across the software
supply chain
– Creates Collaborative/Open
Innovation models
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