The Department of Energy’s Public Access SolutionGiving Voice to Energy and Science R&D ResultsJeffrey SalmonDeputy Director for Resource ManagementOffice of ScienceU.S. Department of EnergyFebruary 24, 2014

Outline

0Direction of public access policy in the U.S.

0The Department of Energy’s Public Access Plan

0The link between journal articles and scientific data – Seamless pathways to accessOpportunities for measurement and analysis

Direction of Public Access Policy in the United States

0NIH Mandate (2008)0The White House Office of Science and Technology

Policy (OSTIP) Directive – February 22, 20130Consolidated Appropriations Act of 2014 (for

Education, Labor, Health and Human Services)

General Commonalities:Free public accessFinal peer-reviewed accepted manuscript or Version of

Record (article)Embargo period

4

DOE Plan For Public Access

OSTP directed federal science agencies to develop plans for making the results of research they fund publicly available within a year of publication.

0 DOE’s plan is under review by OSTP and OMB. 0 Our plan is a natural evolution and extension of ongoing public

dissemination capabilities and systems.0 DOE and predecessor agencies have provided access to

unclassified R&D results since 1947 – and in a digital environment since 1997.

0 Dissemination of R&D results is performed by DOE’s Office of Scientific and Technical Information (www.osti.gov).

0 Existing ingest and dissemination tools and infrastructure position DOE for fast and efficient implementation of its public access solution.

DOE Existing InfrastructureDOE STI Program0 OSTI coordinates across the DOE

complex.

0 DOE R&D results are:• Collected from DOE offices, labs,

and facilities, as well as university grantees and financial assistance awardees;

• Preserved for re-use; and• Made accessible via multiple web

outlets.

0 Interagency and international exchanges/partnerships leverage access and use of DOE R&D results.

6

A Hybrid Approach:0Centralized metadata.

0Decentralized full-text articles and manuscripts, using publisher and DOE/institutional repositories.

0OSTI successfully uses this model to provide access to other forms of DOE R&D information.

The DOE Public Access Model:Public Access Gateway for Energy and Science

Aligns with OSTP objectives.

Features:0Long-term free access by the public to the “best

available version” of peer-reviewed scholarly publications sponsored by DOE.

0A single search box of all DOE-sponsored research literature.

0Seamless links to full-text articles on publisher websites, or to accepted manuscripts on Lab and grantee repositories.

The DOE Public Access Model:Public Access Gateway for Energy and Science

Features (cont’d):0A dark archive to ensure long-term preservation and

access.0A comprehensive metadata collection to fully account

for scholarly output.0Recognizes the value added by publishers and

accommodates flexible publisher business models.0Minimizes cost to DOE.

The DOE Public Access Model:Public Access Gateway for Energy and Science

How PAGES works . . . StagesPAGES workflow, costs, and implementation have been extensively detailed.

Stage 1 – Manuscript preparation and submission

Stage 2 – Accepted manuscript metadata and link submissions

Stage 3 – Public access to article or accepted manuscripts

Stage 4 – Quality control and measurement

CHORUS…Publishers’ Contribution to Agencies Public Access Obligations

The Clearinghouse for the Open Research of the United States

CHORUS offers:• A consolidated feed of agency-specific metadata and links to

publicly-accessible articles from participating publishers;• Using FundRef, provides an increased percentage of articles,

versus accepted manuscripts, accessible through PAGES;• Reduced agency costs by streamlining article access through a

single interface.DOE currently pilot testing CHORUS data feeds on a path to integrating it into PAGES, along with accepted manuscript ingest processes– in keeping with “best available version” approach.

DOE Public Access PlanDOE is prepared to launch a beta version of PAGES.

0 Will contain searchable metadata and distributed links to full text for 7,000 accepted manuscripts and articles about ∼DOE research.

0 Will allow for public and stakeholder input and feedback.0 Will be flexible to potential integration of other public access

tools (e.g., SHARE – the university-based Shared Access Research Ecosystem).

When the pilot transitions to full production, PAGES content is expected to grow at a rate of 20,000 to 30,000 accepted manuscripts and articles per year.

Public Access to Digital Data• DOE’s draft Public Access Plan also addresses “digital data.”• Specifically, DOE will require a Data Management Plan (DMP) for

each research proposal, which . . .• Describes whether and how data will be shared and preserved.• Describes how data sharing and preservation will enable

validation of results or how results could be validated if data are not shared or preserved.

• Provides a plan for making any research data displayed in publications digitally accessible to the public.

• Consults and explains the use of any data management resources at the research facility (e.g., a DOE Scientific User Facility).

• Protects confidentiality, privacy, national security, and proprietary interests.

Public Access to Publications and Data – A Convergence of Possibilities for Seamless

Integration DOE/OSTI, as a member of

DataCite, has initiated metadata ingest and DOI’s for DOE datasets.

Between PAGES implementation and persistent identifiers for datasets, seamless integration from text to data is enabled.

Integration of Text, Data, and Multimedia in a Single Search

Moving Seamlessly from Citation to Full-Text to Dataset….

From Article, User can Access Dataset directly…

Opportunities for Measurement and Analysis

In addition to enabling…Free public accessSeamless integration of text and data, and, consequently…Accelerated scientific discovery,

Public access offers opportunities for improved measurement and analysis, e.g.:

Research productivity and the ability to analyze and measure publications output

Impact and influence of DOE research within particular fields of science

Opportunities for Measurement and Analysis

2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 20120

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

18

34

54

23

57

78

106117

145

165

111

Productivity of Program – Number of Articles per Year

2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 20120

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

33837

16752491 2619

3336

4457

5686

7592

9297

10506

Impact and Influence of Program - Citations per Year

Data from Web of ScienceProgram = DOE’s Joint Genome Institute

Opportunities for Measurement and Analysis

Journal Title# JGI Publications

Avg # Citations per JGI Publication

Avg # Citations for all Articles Published in Journal 2002-2012

Proc Nat Acad of Science

41 75 48

Nature 36 351 61

Science 36 250 58

Nature Biotech 16 116 40

Nature Genetics 8 126 94

Publications from DOE’s Joint Genome Institute (JGI) have a high rate of citation, compared to the average citation rate for the journal.

Data from Web of Science

Opportunities for Measurement and Analysis

Depending on programmatic needs, other data analysis from DOE’s scholarly publications might include:

Correlations to funding, FTE’s, or number of projects Identification of collaborations among institutions and

researchers Trend analysis over time (productivity, impact and

influence) Broad comparisons within fields of science Incorporation of other forms of STI (conference papers,

technical reports, patents, etc.) Emergence of new trends within research fields

Conclusion

Implementing public access is by no means an easy effort . . .

However, DOE is poised for a quick and relatively inexpensive implementation because we are leveraging longstanding STI processes and infrastructure

We will be continuously improving PAGES after it launches, based on stakeholder feedback.