the developement of motorway network in croatia goran puž, phd, civ.eng. institut igh d.d
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: The Developement of Motorway network in Croatia Goran Puž, PhD, civ.eng. Institut IGH d.d](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070412/5697bf771a28abf838c81263/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
The Developement of Motorway network in Croatia
Goran Puž, PhD, civ.eng.
Institut IGH d.d.
![Page 2: The Developement of Motorway network in Croatia Goran Puž, PhD, civ.eng. Institut IGH d.d](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070412/5697bf771a28abf838c81263/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Institut IGH d.d.
The Developement of Motorway
network in Croatia
1. Background
2. History
3. Strategy
4. Design
5. Construction
6. Structures
7. Financing
8. Impacts (sustainability)
9. Future
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Institut IGH d.d.
1. Background
• three large geographic regions in Croatia have different geomorphological and climatic characteristics
eastern edges of the
Alps
Pannonian lowlands
Danube
Dinara mountain range
Adriatic Sea
Basic facts- Croatian mainland covers 56,542 km2 - population 4,4 mil. inhabitants.- independent state since 1991.
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Institut IGH d.d.
1. Background Geotraffic position of Croatia in European inland and maritime traffic routes
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Institut IGH d.d.
2. History
Until 1991: 357 km of motorways and semi-motorways
Initially: accent on longitudinal axes
neglected transversal axes – maritime orientation
First motorways: 1970
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Institut IGH d.d.
2. History
- 1991 to 1998: very few construction projects - intensive production of studies and design documents- project start: 1998 - 2001 - accelerated construction: from 2001 to 2009 more than 700 km of new motorways average: 80 km per year
Motorway network: the biggest engineering venture in Croatia since its independence
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Institut IGH d.d.
3. Strategy
STRATEGIC DEVELOPMENT DOCUMENTS
Zoning Strategy of the Republic of Croatia
Traffic Development Strategy of the Republic of Croatia, 1999:1500 km of motorways
goals:• accessibility,• capacity • connection of the entire national territory • economic growth • transit traffic • connection to the European traffic network
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Institut IGH d.d.
![Page 9: The Developement of Motorway network in Croatia Goran Puž, PhD, civ.eng. Institut IGH d.d](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022070412/5697bf771a28abf838c81263/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Institut IGH d.d.
4. Design
The perception of space as a basic national resource is rapidly gaining momentum, and so the care about interaction between developed space and its surroundings is becoming increasingly important in the design work.
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Institut IGH d.d.
4. Design
Protection criteria:
- Avoiding valuable construction,
agricultural or forest land
- Keeping safe water protection areas
- Not affecting the urban environment
- Avoiding protected natural
preserves or cultural –
historical sights
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Institut IGH d.d.
4. Design
Full scale motorway:
Design speed120 km/h
100 km/h - mountains
PAVEMENT STRUCTURE 1:20
subgrade, CBR > 10%
bituminous base course BNS 32s A , d=7,0 cmcement treated base CNS , d=25,0 cm
wearing course - stone mastic asphalt SMA 11, d=3,5 cm
bituminous base course BNS 22s A (polymer modified bitumen)
loose sub-base course of mechanically compacted stone aggregate
mesh reinforcement
EXCAVATE TOPSOIL 20 cm
<2:1 2:
1
1:1.5
4% p=2.5-7.0% 2:1
(3:1
)
BERM LINING 20 cm
p=2.5-7.0%
n x
max
8,0
m
4%
1:1
upper base course of crushed material Ms > 80 Mpa
asphalt concrete AB11, d=3,5 cm
, d=6,0 cmbituminous base course BNS 22 A
subgrade, CBR > 10%
loose sub-base course, Ms > 50 Mpa
, d=32,0 cm
, d=25,0 cm
PAVEMENT STRUCTURE OF EMERGENCY LANE
RAMMED CLAY
SHOULDER FILL
66.5 cm
66.5 cm
RAMMED CLAY
FILL WITH
RAMMED CLAY
2:1
CLAY COVER ANDTERRAIN INCLINATION > 1:2
EXCAVATION MATERIAL
WIRE MESH FENCE
WIRE MESH FENCE
EXCAVATE TOPSOIL 20 cm 1:1.5
200 500
200 1070 400 1070 250
500 200
700
RIGH OF WAY; L 65 m
DRAINAGE
400
1:20
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Institut IGH d.d.
4. Design
Service stations:Rest areas: 124 – every 20 kmRest areas with filling station: 75 – every 31 kmCaffe bars: 90 – every 28 kmRestaurants: 17 - every 138 kmHotels: 7
Maintenance and Trafic Control Centres: 23
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Institut IGH d.d.
4. Design Brinje 2007.Traffic safety: safest tunnels in Europe
European Tunnel Assessment Programme – Euro TAP