the dissolution of europe’s colonial empires britishfrench 1931: statute of westminster for...
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THE DISSOLUTION OF EUROPE’S COLONIAL EMPIRES
BRITISH FRENCH
1931: Statute of Westminster for Canada, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa
1944: Charles de Gaulle promises a “French Union” at Brazzaville in French Congo
1947: Independence for India
1946-54: Vietnamese War
1948: Independence for Israel
1954-61: Algerian War
1956: Israel, France, & Britain attack Nasser’s Egypt
1957-63: Independence for most African colonies
1958-63: Independence for all African colonies
1979: Majority rule in Rhodesia/Zimbabwe 1961-75: Portugal fights
bloody wars to hold Angola & Mozambique1994: Majority rule in
South Africa
An elderly Muslim, dying of exhaustion on
the road to Pakistan.
Bodies pile up in the street as a
result of communal riots in
August 1947.Gandhi resorted
to a hunger strike to stop the fighting in Calcutta.
The bombing of the King David Hotel by Irgun agents
in Jerusalem, July 1946, when 91 people died
British commentators assumed that Zionism
would forfeit all sympathy in the world
The U.N. plan to divide Palestine in
1947 and the actual outcome of
the first Arab-Israeli War of
1948/49
David Ben-Gurion proclaims the
founding of the State of Israel
beneath a portrait of Theodor Herzl,
Tel Aviv,14 May 1948
Egypt, Jordan, Syria,
& Iraq invaded
Israel on May 15, 1948; a truce was
arranged on June 10, as
heavy weapons
poured into Israel
Kwame Nkrumah of Ghana (1909-
1972):Educated at
Lincoln University (PA) and the
London School of Economics;
returned to the Gold Coast in
1947, rose toPrime Minister
in 1953: A “nondenomination
al Christian and Marxist socialist.”
FRANCE CONQUERED ALGERIA FROM 1829 TO 1892
It was integrated into metropolitan France, but with suffrage limited to the 1 million European settlers.
The National Liberation Front rebelled in November 1954, but all French parties replied, Ici,
c’est la France!
The grant of independence to Morocco and Tunisia in 1956 fueled the rebellion.
The Battle of Algiers began in June 1956, when the FLN declared that 100 Frenchmen would be
killed for every comrade executed
Frantz Fanon(1925-1961),
spokesman for the National Liberation
Front of Algeria;born on Martinique, the descendant of
African slaves;enlisted in Free
French army and served in Algeria as
an army doctor
Rumors that the politicians in Paris would surrender to the FLN caused a military coup in Algiers
in May 1958.French party leaders asked
Charles de Gaulle to found a Fifth Republic.
Here the paratrooper
commander in Algeria, General Massu, presides over Marianne’s
wedding