The Eukaryotes 12a: Protozoans

Eukaryotes in general

cells

chromosomes made of chromatin

cell division: mitosis & cytokinesis

(if) sexual reproduction

meiosis

fertilization

http://tolweb.org/Eukaryotes/3

Kingdom Protista

highly diverse; may be more than 1

mostly unicellular

2 “lifestyles”

photoautotrophic: algae

chemohetero & often mobile: protozoa

Protozoa nutrition

trophozoite vs. cyst

“free-living” vs. parasite

Protozoa locomotion

cilia/flagella/amoeboid flow

by vector

Protozoa life cycle & reproduction

asexual: fission, budding, coenocyte, schizogony

budding

coenocyte

schizogony

Protozoa nutrition

trophozoite vs. cyst

“free-living” vs. parasite

Protozoa locomotion

cilia/flagella/amoeboid flow

by vector

Protozoa life cycle & reproduction

asexual: fission, budding, coenocyte, schizogony

sexual: gametes, zygote

Protozoa habitat

Eukaryotic Life Cycles/Histories

and some protists

(adult) (adult)

(adult)

(adult)

Spores

http://tolweb.org/Eukaryotes/3

P: Fornicata

Diplomanada = diplomonads:

Giardia lamblia

http://tolweb.org/Eukaryotes/3

P: Parabasala

Trichomonas vaginalis

http://tolweb.org/Eukaryotes/3

P: Euglenozoa/phyta

Euglenids

Euglena

Secondary endosymbiosis

Kinetoplastids

trypanosomes = hemoflagellates

Trypanosoma brucei gambiense

T. brucei rhodesiense

T. cruzi

mucocutaneous form

cutaneous formKinetoplastids

trypanosomes = hemoflagellates

Leishmania

also a visceral (organ-attacking) form

http://tolweb.org/Eukaryotes/3

Alveolates

P: Ciliophora = ciliates Didinium

Paramecium

ciliate conjugation

Vorticella

Alveolates

P: Apicomplexans

Plasmodium

P. falciparum, P. vivax, P. ovale & P. malariae

Cyclospora cayetensis

Toxoplasma gondii

Alveolates

P: Pyrrophyta = Dinoflagellates

red tide

Peridinium

long exposure from Vieques Island, PRAt UCSB

2003

Lingulodinium/Gonyaulax

Alexandrium -> PSP

Karenia/Gymnodinium breve -> NSP

Pfiesteria -> PEAS

http://tolweb.org/Eukaryotes/3

Cercozoa

P: Foraminifera (forams)

CaCO3 shells

Cercozoa

P: Radiolarians

silica shells

http://tolweb.org/Eukaryotes/3

P: Amoebozoa = amoebas

http://micro.magnet.fsu.edu/moviegallery/pondscum/protozoa/amoeba/index.html

Acanthamoeba

Naegleria fowleri

EID: Balamuthia mandrillaria

Plasmodial slime mold: Physarum

Cellular slime mold: Dictyostelium