Slide 1

The Expansion of Industry

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Agricultural Nation Industrial Power 3 Factors of transformation Natural Resources Inventions Growth of urban population

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In 1859 he used steam engine to drill for oil. This started an oil boom! Efficient way of drilling oil Petroleum-refining industries arose in some states Ready to turn oil into kerosene

Slide 4

Patented by Henry Bessemer in 1855. Injects air into iron to remove the carbon and create steel. This process helped produce 90% of nations steel. Very inexpensive and efficient! What does this mean for steel industry?

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Railroads! Biggest customer of steel. Barbed Wire Farm machines McCormick and Deere!

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Innovative construction. The Brooklyn Bridge! Architects could build as high as they wanted with the steel support.

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1876 Incandescent light bulb Followed by an entire system for producing and distributing electrical power. Electricity changed nature of business Electric powered machines fans to printing presses. http://www.history.com/shows/america- the-story-of-us/videos/thomas-edison

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CHRISTOPHER SHOLES ALEXANDER GRAHAM BELL 1876 Inventor of the Typewriter! http://www.history.com/s hows/modern- marvels/videos/type- writers#type-writers http://www.history.com/s hows/modern- marvels/videos/type- writers#type-writers Did the industry need the type writer or did the typewriter need the industry? 1876 Inventor of the Telephone!

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Telephone and Typewriter opened up new jobs for women. Sewing machine created a demand for professional garment workers. Men, Women and Children worked long hours in unhealthy conditions. A new marketplace! New goods! Overall, industrialization contributed to an improved standard of living (at least for the middle and upper class)

Slide 10

http://www.history.com/shows/america-the-story-of- us/videos/transcontinental-railroad#transcontinental- railroad

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Completed in 1869 Connected the East and West coast Central Pacific and Union Pacific Provided dreams of adventure and unsettled land, but many paid the price. Chinese and Irish immigrants and Civil War veterans hired for treacherous work. Pneumonia and disease killed thousands. Low pay. Asians and African Americans earned even less Harsh conditions to work in.

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United Nation Before time zones, noon was always when the sun was overhead. So, Boston was almost 12 min later than New York. A professor proposed 24 time zones U.S. didnt adopt railroad time as the standard until 1918.

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Railroads linked cities and towns and created trade. Towns started to specialize in in particular products.

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Railroad tycoon. Manufactured sleeper cars. Luxury to the rails Demand for sleepers was high Built his own town for employees. Hoped this town would prevent strikes.

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Scandal of 1862! Union Pacific created CM which enabled them to pocket money. Company would lay track at two/three times the actual costthen keep the profits! Donated shares of stock to some Congress members

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3 reasons 1. High prices to ship goods 2. Land grants sold to businesses not farmers 3. Different rates for different customers

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In response to the corruption. To establish maximum freight and passenger rates and prohibit discrimination Set of laws to protect farmers and consumers. Regulates the railroads.

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Required the railroads to be reasonable and just but didnt require the government to fix rates. Federal gov. could supervise railroad activities. Interstate Commerce Commission

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Railroads on brink of bankruptcy! Mismanagement Corporate abuses Overbuilding Competition Economic collapse! Worst depression up to that time. By 1894, a quarter of railroads taken over by banks. Others seized by entrepreneurs.

Slide 20

http://blog.flocabular y.com/industrial- revolution/ Please get in groups of 3-4!