the faces of safetyticipate in a pilot project to promote electronic crash data (ud-10) submission,...

The Faces of Safety

2007 Annual Evaluation Report

2007 Annual Evaluation Report

MICHIGAN OFFICE OF HIGHWAY SAFETY PLANNING

ANNUAL EVALUATION REPORT 2007

2

2007 ANNUAL EVALUATION REPORTContents ...................................................................................................2

Guiding Values and Principles .........................................................4

OHSP Mission ........................................................................................4

Director’s Message ...............................................................................5

FISCAL YEAR 2006 HIGHLIGHTS 6

VEHICLE CRASH STATISTICSVehicle Crash Statistics .......................................................................7

Michigan Crash Changes in 2006 ...................................................7

Traffi c Fatalities ......................................................................................8

Deaths per 100 Million Vehicle Miles Traveled (VMT) .............8

Crashes Resulting in Death or Serious Injury .............................8

Vehicle Occupants Killed or Seriously Injured ...........................9

Safety Belt Use .......................................................................................9

Alcohol-Impaired Driving ..................................................................9

Excessive Speed ................................................................................. 10

Pedestrians ........................................................................................... 10

Intersection Crashes ......................................................................... 10

Local Roads ...........................................................................................11

Large Trucks ..........................................................................................11

Motorcycles ..........................................................................................11

Weekend Crashes ...............................................................................12

Summer Crashes .................................................................................12

Winter Crashes .....................................................................................12

Child Passenger Safety .................................................................... 13

Young Men ........................................................................................... 13

Older Drivers ....................................................................................... 13

OCCUPANT PROTECTIONCHILD PASSENGER SAFETY

Child Passenger Safety (CPS) Coordination ............................ 15

Hospital Car Seat Program ............................................................ 16

Buckle Bear .......................................................................................... 16

PUBLIC INFORMATION AND EDUCATION

Michigan Model School Health Curriculum ............................17

NETWORK OUTREACH

Michigan State University 4-H Safety Belt Program .............17

EVALUATION

Direct Observation Surveys .......................................................... 18

Child Restraint Device Use and Misuse Survey ...................... 18

CRASH RECORDS

Unknown Restraint Use Reporting ............................................ 19

ALCOHOLENFORCEMENT

Fatal Alcohol Crash Team ............................................................... 21

Mobile Traffi c Enforcement Unit ................................................. 21

Enforcement Visibility Enhancement Pilot .............................. 22

Enforcement of Underage Drinking Laws ........................... 22

Law Enforcement Liaisons ............................................................. 23

ENFORCEMENT SUPPORT

Michigan State Police, Forensic Science Division, Toxicology

Laboratory ....................................................................................... 23

Standardized Field Sobriety Test Training ................................ 24

ADJUDICATION

Prosecutorial Training ...................................................................... 24

Prosecuting Attorneys Association of Michigan Training

Evaluation ....................................................................................... 25

Adjudication Training....................................................................... 25

National Drug Court Institute DWI Court Training ................ 25

DUI Court Evaluation ........................................................................ 26

Court Interactive Video Testimony Pilot ................................... 26


Youth Alcohol Public Information and Education ................ 27

Public Service Announcement Adaptation ............................ 27

Fatal Alcohol Crash Team and DUI Court Documentaries 27

NETWORK OUTREACH

Prevention Network ......................................................................... 27

Courageous Persuaders .................................................................. 28

Mothers Against Drunk Driving Lifesavers Support ............. 28

CRASH RECORDS

Unknown BAC Reporting in Fatal Crashes .............................. 29

POLICE TRAFFIC SERVICESENFORCEMENT

Overtime Traffi c Enforcement ...................................................... 31

Safety Belt Enforcement Zone Signs ........................................ 31

Michigan State Police Overtime Traffi c Enforcement ......... 32

Operation SABRE .............................................................................. 33

LAW ENFORCEMENT COORDINATION

Law Enforcement Liaisons ............................................................. 33

Traffi c Enforcement Association ................................................. 34

RECOGNITION AND INCENTIVE PROGRAMS

Law Enforcement Challenge Program ...................................... 34

Challenge Recognition Ceremony ............................................. 35

Michigan Association of Chiefs of Police Awards ................. 35

ENFORCEMENT VISIBILITY

Paid Advertising ................................................................................ 36

Updated Impaired Driving Materials ......................................... 36

Mobilization Outreach Campaign ............................................... 36

ENFORCEMENT PLANNING

Speed Data and Site Analysis ....................................................... 37

EVALUATION

Telephone Surveys ............................................................................ 37

PEDESTRIANS AND BIKESBICYCLE SAFETY

Bicycle Helmets .................................................................................. 38

Contents


3

TRAFFIC RECORDSCRASH DATA

Michigan Traffi c Crash Facts ......................................................... 39

UD-10 Image Sanitization .............................................................. 39

Net RMS/Law Enforcement Agency Management Systems .

.............................................................................................................. 39

UD-10 Trainer ...................................................................................... 39

CITATION AND ARREST DATA

Judicial Data Warehouse ............................................................... 40

Driver Record Processing ................................................................ 40

Electronic Data Capture ................................................................. 41

COMMUNITY TRAFFIC SAFETY PROGRAMSPUBLIC INFORMATION AND EDUCATION

In-House Public Information and Education .......................... 42

PI&E Materials Storage and Distribution ................................... 42

Intersection Enforcement Education Campaign .................. 42

New Law Information Campaigns .............................................. 43

Exhibiting ............................................................................................ 43

Partnership Activities ...................................................................... 43

SAFE COMMUNITIES

Safe Community Coalitions .......................................................... 43

City of Detroit Urban Traffi c Safety Demonstration Project 44

Safe Communities Conference ....................................................44

CORPORATE OUTREACH

Network of Employers for Traffi c Safety ................................... 45

Corporate Training ............................................................................ 45

University Outreach ..........................................................................46

CHILD PASSENGER SAFETY

Child Safety Seat Use Problem Identifi cation .........................46

School Bus Emergency Evacuation Training ..........................46

PAID ADVERTISINGAugust 2007 – Over the Limit. Under Arrest. ......................... 48

DRIVER EDUCATIONSenior Mobility .................................................................................. 51

Improving Driver Education .......................................................... 51

ROADWAY SAFETYLOCAL SAFETY ANALYSIS

Metropolitan Planning Organization Safety Analysis ......... 53

Facilitated Roadway Features Session ...................................... 53

MOTORCYCLE SAFETYPUBLIC INFORMATION AND EDUCATION

Motorcycle Public Information and Education Materials .. 55

Rider Coach Professional Development ................................... 55

Motorcycle Training Equipment .................................................. 55

Evaluation of Motorcycle Licensing and Training ................ 56

Partnership with Department of State ...................................... 56

EMERGENCY MEDICAL SERVICESASSESSMENT

Emergency Medical Services Assessment ............................... 57

MEDICAL RECORDS

Emergency Medical Services Database .................................... 57

ADMINISTRATIVE ISSUESGovernors Traffi c Safety Advisory Commission .................... 58

Michigan Traffi c Safety Summit ................................................... 58

Legislative Update ............................................................................. 58

MOBILIZATIONS May Buckle Up or Pay Up, Click It or Ticket mobilization

.............................................................................................................. 59

August Drunk Driving. Over the Limit. Under Arrest.

crackdown

.............................................................................................................. 59

Mobilization totals ............................................................................ 60

FY2008 FOCUS 62

FISCAL YEAR 2006 OHSP STATUS REPORT 64

ACRONYMSDefi nitions for acronyms used in the 2006 Annual Evaluation

Report ................................................................................................ 72


4

Guiding Values and Principles

>> We strive for integrity, commitment, and excellence

in our daily work, and fairness and mutual respect

in our relationships with our partners.

>> We embrace a team-focused working environ-

ment and are committed to promoting professional

growth and development.

>> We value our role as leaders in fostering coopera-

tion, collaboration, and innovation with other public

and private organizations at the local, state, and

national levels.

>> We understand that a sound process of problem

solving, including problem identifi cation, strategy

development, and evaluation, will result in eff ective

outcomes.

>> We believe it is essential to actively seek the input

of local community representatives to achieve long-

term safety improvements.

>> We are committed to providing resources in an

objective manner.

OHSP MISSION To save lives and reduce injuries on Michigan roads

through leadership, innovation, facilitation, and pro-

gram support in partnership with other public and

private organizations


5

As 2007 draws to a close, Michigan marks both successes and challenges in its eff orts to reduce traffi c deaths

and injuries.

Among the most notable achievements: Safety belt use has remained above 90 percent for four consecu-

tive years and fatalities have decreased during the past three years, falling from 1,283 in 2003 to 1,084 in 2006.

Some of the best news came in the area of young drivers and passengers, where Michigan showed a 33 percent

reduction in fatalities involving young drivers and a 43 percent drop in fatalities and serious injuries to vehicle

occupants ages 0-8 years of age. In fact, this latter category has decreased a staggering 60 percent since 2000

thanks to Michigan’s aggressive programming in the area of child passenger safety.

Data reliability, timeliness, and accessibility continue to improve through training and updated reporting tools.

Further, new programs are addressing motorcycle fatalities by seeking to increase motorcycle endorsements,

updating instructor training, and purchasing new motorcycles for hands-on training.

Despite these advances and improvements, much work remains to be done.

Traffi c crashes continue to be the leading cause of accidental death among persons living in Michigan ages 1

to 24 years old. In addition, alcohol and/or drug-involvement in crashes remains an area of concern. For the

fi rst time in six years, alcohol and/or drug-related traffi c deaths rose from 408 in 2005 to 440 in 2006, a jump of

almost 8 percent. That represents just over 40 percent of all traffi c deaths.

As we continue to address these issues in 2008 by implementing lifesaving programs, we would like to express

our gratitude to the many traffi c safety partners and advocates at the local, county, state, and federal levels for

their ongoing support and dedication to traffi c safety programs and initiatives in Michigan. It is through their

eff orts that we will make Michigan a safer place to live, drive, walk, and ride.

MICHAEL L. PRINCE

Director

Offi ce of Highway Safety Planning

Director’s Message


6

>> Local, county, and state law enforcement agencies

receiving grant funding for overtime traffi c enforce-

ment reported:

> 98,813 vehicles stopped

> 28,565 safety belt citations

> 4,033 misdemeanor arrests

> 2,502 OWI arrests

> 628 felony arrests

>> Youth alcohol enforcement activities took place in

thirty-eight counties resulting in 308 parties dis-

persed and the following:

> 682 minor-in-possession

> 562 misdemeanor arrests

> 168 open intoxicants

> 108 adults furnishing alcohol

> 75 operating while impaired

> 62 felony arrests

>> Six law enforcement agencies conducted 10,604

hours of red-light running enforcement patrols

which resulted in:

> 10,577 vehicles stopped

> 2,541 red-light running citations

> 1,125 safety belt and child restraint citations

> 780 speed citations

> 248 OWI arrests

> 398 misdemeanor arrests

> 162 illegal turn citations

> 72 felony arrests

>> Traffi c safety training activities at three Michigan

businesses reached more than 4,500 employees.

>> More than 150 people attended a day-long drowsy

driving conference with information on sleep disor-

ders, engineering solutions, automotive technology,

laws and enforcement, and workplace policies.

>> Bicycle safety events were attended by more than

335,000 people and nearly 8,600 helmets were dis-

tributed, including many to low income families.

>> Three hospitals adopted formal discharge policies

requiring child safety seat use before allowing new-

born infants to leave the hospital.

>> More than 100 RiderCoaches received updated

motorcycle safety training.

>> Twenty-four training motorcycles were purchased

and delivered to twelve diff erent training locations

for the DOS Motorcycle Safety Program.

>> Ten law enforcement agencies were selected to par-

ticipate in a pilot project to promote electronic crash

data (UD-10) submission, which will improve data

quality, timeliness, consistency, and completeness.

>> A training program was created to provide UD-10

training for law enforcement agencies which will

improve the quality, accuracy, and speed by which

crash information is captured and submitted.

>> The state’s safety belt use rate has been above 90

percent for four straight years.

>> Traffic fatalities have declined for three years

straight.

>> Traffi c injuries have gone down annually for four

years running while traffi c crashes have declined

for six straight years.

Fiscal Year 2007 Highlights


VEHICLE CRASH STATISTICS 7

MICHIGAN CRASH CHANGES IN 2006

20

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*VMT – Vehicle Miles Traveled Source: Michigan Traffi c Crash Facts Source: National Highway Traffi c Safety Administration

MICHIGAN UNITED STATES

2002 2003 2004 2005 20062002-2006 %

CHANGE2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

2002-2006%

CHANGE

CRASHES 395,515 391,488 373,028 350,838 315,322 -20.3% 6,316,000 6,289,000 6,181,000 6,159,000 5,974,000 -5.4%

INJURIES 112,484 105,555 99,680 90,510 81,942 -27.2% 2,926,000 2,889,000 2,788,000 2,699,000 2,575,000 -12.0%

FATALITIES 1,279 1,283 1,159 1,129 1,084 -15.2% 43,005 42,884 42,836 43,510 42,642 -0.8%

VMT

(MI=BILLIONS

US= TRILLIONS)98.2 100.2 101.8 103.2 104.0 5.9% 2.83 2.89 2.96 2.97 3.00 5.9%

FATALITY RATE

(PER 100M VMT)1.30 1.28 1.14 1.09 1.04 -20.0% 1.51 1.48 1.45 1.47 1.42 -6.0%

ALCOHOL- RELATED

FATALITIES422 399 364 360 383 -9.2% 17,524 17,105 16,919 17,590 17,602 +0.4%

ALCOHOL/DRUG-%

OF TOTAL

FATALITIES33.0% 31.1% 31.4% 31.9% 35.3% +7.0% 40.7% 39.9% 39.5% 40.4% 41.3% +1.5%

LARGE TRUCK

FATALITIES 151 122 132 130 130 -13.9% 4,939 5,036 5,235 5,212 4,995 1.1%

PEDESTRIAN

FATALITIES173 169 140 138 137 -20.8% 4,851 4,774 4,675 4,881 4,784 -1.4%

MOTORCYCLE

FATALITIES82 76 79 122 110 34.1% 3,270 3,714 4,028 4,553 4,810 47.1%

VEHICLE CRASH STATISTICS

Vehicle Crash Statistics


8 VEHICLE CRASH STATISTICS

TRAFFIC FATALITIES

DEATHS PER 100 MILLION VEHICLE MILES TRAVELED (VMT)

CRASHES RESULTING IN DEATH OR SERIOUS INJURY

0.0

0.3

0.6

0.9

1.2

1.5

2006200520042003200220012000

1.05

1.461.38

1.30 1.281.14 1.09

Dea

th R

ate

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

2006200520042003200220012000

2.24%2.46%

2.34% 2.38% 2.29% 2.26% 2.23%

KA

Inju

ry P

erce

nt

0

300

600

900

1200

1500

2006200520042003200220012000

1,084

1,382 1,328 1,279 1,2831,159 1,129

GOAL: reduce the VMT death rate (per

100 million miles) to 1.10 by 2006.

The death rate per 100 million miles of

travel fell along with fatalities to an all-

time low of 1.05. This was the fi rst time

in recent years that Michigan had fewer

miles traveled than the year before,

which would have led to a higher death

rate had fatalities not fallen. The 2006

goal was 1.10, and Michigan is on track

to surpass the goal of 1.00 deaths per 100

million miles of travel by 2008.

GOAL: reduce fatalities to 1,184 by 2006.

Traffi c fatalities fell to a new post-World

War II low in 2006, to 1,084. This is 100

below the year’s goal and already lower

than the 2008 goal of 1,131 fatalities.

OHSP will continue to work to bring fatal-

ities below 1,000.

GOAL: reduce KA injury proportion to

2.02 percent by 2006.

Crashes fell more quickly than fatal and

injury crashes in 2006, creating an incre-

mental increase in the percentage of

crashes that had serious injuries. The rate

rose 0.01 percent to 2.24 percent, higher

than the 2006 goal of 2.02 percent, with

a 2008 goal of 1.88 percent.



VEHICLE OCCUPANTS KILLED OR SERIOUSLY INJURED

SAFETY BELT USE

GOAL: increase use to 91.7 percent by 2006.

ALCOHOL-IMPAIRED DRIVING

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2006200520042003200220012000

1.27%

1.58% 1.53% 1.51% 1.50% 1.42% 1.41%

KA

Inju

ry P

erce

nt

0

20

40

60

80

100

2006200520042003200220012000

83.5% 82.3% 83.9% 84.8%90.5% 92.9% 94.3%

Seat

Bel

t Use

Rat

e

46%51%

59% 58% 62% 62%

0

5

10

15

20

25

2006200520042003200220012000

20.3%19.4% 19.7% 19.9% 19.2% 19.3% 20.0%

KA

HBD

Inju

ry P

erce

nt

GOAL: reduce KA injury proportion to

1.33 percent by 2006.

The percentage of vehicle occupants

suff ering KA (fatal or incapacitating) inju-

ries fell by a tenth to 1.27 percent even

though the percentage of KA crashes

increased. There were fewer serious inju-

ries per crash, and those injuries were

slightly more likely to happen to pedes-

trians and bicyclists. Increased safety belt

use continues to protect vehicle occu-

pants. The 2006 goal was 1.33 percent,

with a 2008 target of 1.24 percent.

The current 94.3 percent use rate has

already surpassed the 2008 goal of 93.5

percent, with OHSP pressing on toward

higher use.

GOAL: reduce the involvement of alcohol

in fatal and serious injury crashes to 19.2

percent by 2006.

Michigan had 20.3 percent alcohol-

involvement in fatal and serious injury

crashes in 2006, along with a rise in the

number of alcohol- and drug-involved

fatalities (but not injuries or crashes). This

did not meet the revised target of 19.2

percent. The rate of alcohol involvement

in crashes has been stable nationally

for a decade, and reaching the 19.1 per-

cent goal for 2008 will be a signifi cant

accomplishment.

Inset bars indicate nighttime safety belt use according to FARS data. 2006 is not yet available.



EXCESSIVE SPEED

PEDESTRIANS

INTERSECTION CRASHES

0

5

10

15

20

2006200520042003200220012000

16.8% 16.6% 16.7%18.2%

16.5%17.8%

16.1%

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

2006200520042003200220012000

634

761

587

716763 781

667

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

2006200520042003200220012000

2,248

3,7903,349

3,1532,946 2,791

2,522

GOAL: reduce the involvement of exces-

sive speed in fatal and serious injury

crashes to 16.7 percent by 2006.

“Drove too fast” was noted as a hazardous

action by at least one driver in 16.1 per-

cent of fatal and serious crashes in 2006.

This continues a pattern of yearly varia-

tion within a fairly narrow band and gives

a result better than the 2006 target of 16.7

percent. The goal for 2008 is to maintain

this low rate below 16.4 percent.

GOAL: reduce pedestrian fatalities and

serious injuries to 557 by 2006.

Pedestrian fatalities and serious injuries

fell signifi cantly again in 2006 to 634, but

not as far as the goal of 557. The trend

data used to set the goal may have been

distorted by an unusually good 2001.

Michigan and the city of Detroit are

FHWA focus areas for reducing pedes-

trian crashes and deaths. This focus could

aid eff orts to reach a goal of 494 fatalities

and serious injuries by 2008.

GOAL: reduce fatal and serious injury

crashes within 150 feet of intersections

to 2,508 by 2006.

Fatal and serious-injury crashes within

150 feet of intersections continue to fall

signifi cantly, with 2,248 crashes in 2006.

This 10 percent decrease in one year has

pushed Michigan below the 2008 goal

of 2,296.



LOCAL ROADS

LARGE TRUCKS

MOTORCYCLES

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

2006200520042003200220012000

5,528

4,457 4,5364,239

5,032 4,7884,275

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

2006200520042003200220012000

449

669

498547

508560

508

0

200

400

600

800

1000

2006200520042003200220012000

750676 721

681731 738

851


crashes on city and county roads to 3,447

by 2006.

Fatal and serious injury crashes on city

and county roads fell by more than 10

percent to 4,275 in 2006. This nearly com-

pletes the recovery from the 2004 spike

in crashes on local roads, although it does

not meet the 2006 goal of 3,447. The 2008

goal remains 3,123 fatal and serious injury

crashes, which will require equally large

improvements in 2007 and 2008.


crashes involving trucks and buses to

407 by 2006.

Truck-involved serious and fatal injury

crashes fell by more than 10 percent to

449 in 2006. This has off set the 2004 peak

and brings Michigan closer to the goal of

407. The 2008 goal is 368.


crashes involving motorcycles to 723 by

2006.

Motorcycle fatalities and serious injuries

rebounded from 2005’s dramatic increase,

falling to 750 in 2006. This remains above

the continuing goal to reduce these

crashes to 723 and maintain that rate

through 2008.



WEEKEND CRASHES

SUMMER CRASHES

WINTER CRASHES

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

2006200520042003200220012000

2,297

3,5683,204 3,113

2,8252,546 2,597

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

2006200520042003200220012000

2,307

3,1742,961

3,1542,812 2,695

2,518

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

2006200520042003200220012000

1,695

2,5442,339 2,224 2,147 2,091

1,912


crashes on Fridays and Saturdays to 2,244

by 2006.

Crashes increase every weekend, mak-

ing it the key time for crash reduction.

The number of fatal and serious injury

crashes on Fridays and Saturdays fell by

nearly an eighth in 2006, to 2,297. The

goal for 2006 was 2,244, with a 2008 tar-

get of 2,420.


crashes from Memorial Day to Labor Day

to 2,396 by 2006.

The annual peak for crashes is the sum-

mer when travel increases. Fatal and

serious injury crashes from Memorial

Day through Labor Day fell to 2,307 in

2006, meeting the goal of 2,396. OHSP’s

goal for 2008 is to further reduce this to

2,153.


crashes from October to December to

1,753 by 2006.

The secondary peak for crashes is the start

of winter precipitation. Fatal and serious

injury crashes from October through

December fell to 1,695, below 2006’s goal

of 1,753. The 2008 target is 1,552.




YOUNG MEN

OLDER DRIVERS

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

2006200520042003200220012000

137

346

297

249 240198

166

j

0

1

2

3

4

5

2006200520042003200220012000

4.163.68 3.61

3.37 3.272.99

2.62

0.0

0.3

0.6

0.9

1.2

1.5

2006200520042003200220012000

.94

1.411.24

1.331.23

1.141.03


crashes to vehicle occupants (ages 0 to

8) to 186 by 2006.

One hundred thirty-seven children (ages

0 to 8) were killed or seriously injured in

vehicles in 2006, a signifi cant decrease.

This measure excludes pedestrians and

bicyclists, isolating the effect on chil-

dren in vehicles whose parents have the

option of using the proper restraints. The

goal was 186 such injuries, with a 2008

target of 160.


crashes per 1,000 licensed drivers (men

ages 16 to 34) to 2.69 by 2006.

For almost every traffic safety prob-

lem, men ages 16 through 34 are the

peak group, with more problems in the

younger half. This is the key group to

aff ect to move the numbers. There were

2.62 such drivers in fatal or serious injury

crashes for every 1,000 licensed drivers

in the age range in 2006. This reached

the 2006 goal of 2.69. The 2008 target is

2.34.


crashes per 1,000 licensed drivers (ages

65+) to 1.03 by 2006.

An aging population has placed an

increasing number of drivers on the road

with declining skills and increasing frailty.

Drivers over age 65 drive fewer miles and

are involved in fewer crashes, but those

crashes are disproportionately likely to

involve death or serious injury. There

were 0.94 older drivers involved in such

crashes for every 1,000 licensed drivers in

the age range in 2006. This met the goal

of 1.03, with a 2008 target of 0.92.


OCCUPANT PROTECTION 15

Occupant Protection


CHILD PASSENGER SAFETY (CPS) COORDINATION Section 405

BACKGROUND: Properly using child safety seats or

booster seats can substantially reduce the likelihood of

death or serious injury in the event of a crash. However,

child safety seats are routinely misused. Further, the

majority of children do not move from child safety

seats to booster seats even though a host of safety

advocates recommend this as the best and safest way

for children to ride.

OHSP works with MDCH to provide CPS education

and training. An MDCH specialist serves as the Lower

Peninsula CPS coordinator, providing programs and

training.

In FY05, OHSP established an Upper Peninsula (U.P.)

CPS coordinator position to ensure training resources

and technical assistance are available for this region.

GOAL: To increase the awareness of parents and care-

givers regarding the importance of proper child safety

seat use by providing statewide access to a network

of technicians, thus reducing the state’s rate of child

safety seat misuse. The activities listed below were

used to impact this goal by educating parents, care-

givers and community advocates on the importance

and proper use of child safety restraints. These edu-

cational eff orts will help to increase the correct use

of child restraints and hopefully in turn decrease the

number of fatalities and injuries to children due to non-

use or misuse of child safety seats.

ACTIVITIES: The grant coordinator assigned to over-

see activities in the Lower Peninsula:>> Conducted two CPS Technician Re-Certification

courses for twenty attendees >> Facilitated and/or conducted eight CPS Technician

Certifi cation classes for 139 new technicians, includ-

ing hospital employees and law enforcement

offi cers>> Distributed nearly 1,400 child safety seats to new

technicians >> Worked with four counties to conduct a car seat

event where eighty-one car seats were inspected

with an average misuse rate of 92 percent; thirty-

nine car seats were replaced due to age, history, or

recall>> Partnered with Head Start agencies to coordinate

seat check events and/or educational activities in

twenty-three counties>> More than 230 child safety seats were inspected

with an average misuse rate of 96 percent, with 99

child safety seats replaced due to age, history or

recall.

The grant coordinator and assistant assigned to over-

see activities in the Upper Peninsula:>> Increased the number of CPS technicians from

sixty-one to seventy-two through CPS certifi cation

training and recertifi cation assistance to existing

technicians>> Conducted CPS activities occurred in fourteen of the

fi fteen U.P. counties; a seat check event is planned

in the remaining county in early FY08>> 353 child safety seats were inspected with 127

new seats distributed at fourteen child safety seat

events >> Hosted thirty-eight CPS presentations were made

to a variety of groups including pregnancy fairs,

birthing classes, the U.P. Traffi c Safety Committee,

social service agencies, and law enforcement train-

ing classes>> Provided technical assistance including seat checks,

recertifi cation guidance, and a variety of installation

issues>> Issued an update newsletter to technicians with

information on tech reports, updated technician

lists, recertifi cation news, car seat event listings, and

results>> Conducted a CPS week event in Marquette and was

widely covered by local media

Child passenger safety technicians received update training

throughout the year.


16 OCCUPANT PROTECTION

>> Worked with the Hannahville Tribe Head Start pro-

gram to provide a CEU update session and a CPS

check event>> Contacted the regional Indian Health Services

representative regarding CPS activities and repre-

sentatives from Lac View Desert tribal police to off er

instructor and program assistance.

Other CPS activities that were conducted on a state-

wide basis included:>> A fi rst-time CPS recertifi cation training allowed sev-

enty-nine CPS instructors and technicians to receive

recertifi cation credits>> Planned specialized CPS training courses for school

bus and EMS>> Continued to develop a CPS law enforcement cur-

riculum. In conjunction with this eff ort, the Public

Safety Institute at Northern Michigan University

offered twelve educational sessions for U.P. law

enforcement offi cers.

HOSPITAL DISCHARGE POLICIES

MDCH worked with thirty-four hospitals on adopting

CPS discharge policies. When a policy is adopted, the

hospital receives thirty car seats to help with their pro-

gram. One hospital adopted a discharge policy, and

four other hospitals submitted draft discharge poli-

cies for review.

In the U.P., child passenger safety polices were

adopted at two hospitals. Contact with the remaining

fi ve hospitals continued. Staff from four U.P. hospitals

successfully completed the NHTSA CPS Technician

Certifi cation training.

HOSPITAL CAR SEAT PROGRAM Section 405, 157 Incentive

BACKGROUND: The University of Michigan’s C.S. Mott

Children’s Hospital is a valuable resource for provid-

ing child safety information to the Flint community.

This is the third and fi nal year of funding to establish

a self-sustaining car seat program in the University of

Michigan Health System. Funding covers training CPS

technicians and teachers for car seat safety classes,

educating new parents, and maintaining an inven-

tory of car seats for families in need.

GOAL: To establish a hospital-based car seat training

and inspection program.

ACTIVITIES: For the past two years, C.S. Mott has

worked to develop and grow a car seat safety program

that includes parent education classes, car seat inspec-

tion and distribution, a “buckle up” hotline, materials

for diverse communities, and training. With the addi-

tion of a full-time CPS coordinator, the program has

CPS technicians available six days a week to check

seats for hospital families.

The family car seat education classes continue to

expand, with 895 child safety seats inspected, com-

pared to 358 safety seats inspected in FY06. Through

a grant from AAA Michigan, the hospital distributed

nearly 100 seats to low-income families.

Sixteen new child passenger safety technicians

were certifi ed including staff from C.S. Mott Children’s

Hospital, St. Joseph Mercy Hospital, fi refi ghters, police

offi cers, and other child passenger safety advocates.

Another hospital child passenger safety technician

completed the CPS instructor candidacy, which will

be a future asset to the program.

The car seat program has been included in hospi-

tal departments such as the Physical Medicine and

Rehabilitation Department and for the parents of chil-

dren in the Hemophilia and Coagulation Disorders

Program. Specialized safety seats were purchased for

special needs patient evaluations and for CPS presen-

tations. In addition, the program is regularly presented

in the Mother/Baby unit which schedules installations

before discharge.

A child passenger safety program manual detailing

the implementation of a child passenger safety pro-

gram within a hospital setting was completed. The

manual includes a program analysis as well as statis-

tic compilation of program activities.

BUCKLE BEAR Section 405

BACKGROUND: Head Start and Early Head Start are

comprehensive child development programs for chil-

dren from birth to age fi ve, pregnant women, and their

families. The agency is child-focused and seeks to

increase the school readiness for young children from

low-income families. The population served by Head

Start programs is a vital group to reach to encourage

the proper use of child safety seats and booster seats.

National research indicates those with lower levels of

education and lower incomes are less likely to buckle

up on a consistent basis.

Capital Area Community Services Head Start piloted

the Buckle Bear program in FY05 and FY06. The pro-

gram brings the booster seat message to children ages

four through eight and their families, focusing on ele-



mentary schools and Head Start. This is the third and

fi nal year of the program.

GOAL: Implement the Buckle Bear program through-

out the state’s Head Start programs to increase child

safety seat and booster seat use.

ACTIVITIES: Capital Area Community Services (CACS)

introduced the Buckle Bear CPS message to 607 chil-

dren and 240 parents from Head Start programs and

their surrounding communities. The information was

provided through back pack programs and puppet

shows during visits to seventeen Head Start class-

rooms and childcare partners, parent trainings at

Family Activity Nights, and by disseminating infor-

mation during neighborhood showcases. Passenger

safety information was distributed at the Parent’s Day

at the Capital through a Buckle Bear and Safety Friends

display. A total of 104 booster seats were distributed

to families in need.

Parents were surveyed to determine their aware-

ness level of proper child safety seat and booster seat

use. The survey found that most parents could ver-

balize the 4’ 9” booster seat expectation and many

children over age four were riding in a booster seat.

However, almost two-thirds of the parents had little

or no knowledge of Michigan’s CPS law.

CACS also developed a manual on how to conduct

the Buckle Bear program which includes informa-

tion on materials, tips on scheduling events, and local

resources to assist in CPS training and child safety seat

inspections. The manual was disseminated to 100 Head

Start agencies, and at least seven Head Start programs

are in the process of implementing child passenger

safety programs.


MICHIGAN MODEL SCHOOL HEALTH CURRICULUM Section 405

BACKGROUND: The Michigan Model Curriculum

Committee continued the revision process for the kin-

dergarten through sixth grade booster seat and safety

belt lesson plans for the school health curricula, a pro-

cess which began in FY05. Following approval by the

Michigan Model Review Committee, the new infor-

mation will be integrated into lesson plans along with

new manuals and supplemental teaching materials.

GOAL: To incorporate booster seat and safety belt infor-

mation into the Michigan School Health Curriculum to

educate children on the importance of buckling up.

ACTIVITIES: In FY07, booster seat and safety belt

lessons were completed and incorporated into the

Michigan Model School Health Curriculum. This year

was used to develop a passenger safety poster set

which provides the Michigan law on the base poster

with add-on cards of recommended guidelines for

passenger safety. Another poster for safety belts was

developed with the message “Use them every time

you ride....Correctly.”

The booster seat and safety belt materials are being

distributed through the Comprehensive School Health

Coordinators’ Association network (Michigan Model

network) for training teachers throughout Michigan.

NETWORK OUTREACH

MICHIGAN STATE UNIVERSITY 4-H SAFETY BELT PROGRAM 157 Incentive

BACKGROUND: To encourage older children to prop-

erly buckle up, OHSP sought rural partners, including

Michigan State University’s 4-H Youth Programs. MSU


18 OCCUPANT PROTECTION

4-H is the coordinating office for the 4-H chapters

statewide which work with teens in rural areas, a tar-

get audience OHSP is trying to reach.

GOAL: To increase the use of safety belts among rural

teens through awareness of the importance of safety

belt use.

ACTIVITIES: MSU 4-H produced 100 program toolkits

for the eighty-three county 4-H offices. The tool-

kit contained lesson plans for safety belt education,

handouts, an issue of the ‘Buckle Up’ magazine, and

material ordering information to assist the counties in

conducting safety belt education.

Twenty-three counties expressed interest in the pro-

gram. Three regional training classes were conducted

to introduce the counties to the program activities that

could be implemented in their communities. Groups

have worked with over 2,700 elementary and middle

school youth at several events throughout the year.

Click It the Cricket, Vince and Larry, as well as the safety

belt convincer and rollover equipment were popular

attractions at the events.

Surveys were conducted with the youth following

the safety belt education program, as well as with the

teens who deliver the program. Survey results received

showed:>> 56 percent of the participants reported “sometimes”

wearing their safety belt prior to their involvement

in the program, and 88 percent reported “always”

wearing their safety belt since their involvement in

the program

>> 100 percent of the respondents who currently had

a driver’s license said they became more careful

about their own driving habits as a result of their

involvement in the program

Although this is the final year of the grant-funded

program, many of the participating counties have indi-

cated that they plan to continue the 4-H Safety Belt

Project. The Michigan 4-H Youth Development pro-

gram has developed a Web site to provide resources

to support current and future teams. The safety belt

program will also be built into future 4-H health and

well-being activities.

EVALUATION

DIRECT OBSERVATION SURVEYS Section 405

BACKGROUND: Safety belt use is one of the few objec-

tives for which progress can be measured immediately

and directly. The annual survey tracks safety belt use

as it has since 1983, with additional surveys to evalu-

ate the May Click It or Ticket mobilization.

GOAL: Determine Michigan’s safety belt use rate before

and after the Click It or Ticket mobilization and again at

the end of the summer, with reports on each.

ACTIVITIES: Wayne State University’s Transportation

Research Group (WSU-TRG) confi rmed that the existing

methodology and site lists were applicable for another

year, trained observers, conducted observations, per-

formed data analysis, and reported the results to OHSP.

Three waves of surveys were successfully conducted.

The offi cial safety belt use rate for the state, from the

annual Labor Day survey, was 93.7 percent.

CHILD RESTRAINT DEVICE USE AND MISUSE SURVEY Section 402

BACKGROUND: Because adult safety belts are not

suited to small children, special efforts must be

taken to determine to what extent children are safely

restrained. This includes not just how often child

restraints are used but to what extent they are being

used properly.

Click It the Cricket visits with children during the Mint Festival

parade in St. Johns. The 4-H Youth Program utilized local

events to spread the message about seat belts in rural areas.



GOAL: Determine the overall rates of child restraint

device use and misuse, along with the degree of mis-

use, and report on the results.

ACTIVITIES: WSU-TRG updated previous years’

methodology and site lists, trained observers and

interviewers, gathered use data, performed data anal-

ysis, and reported the results to OHSP. 91.8 percent of

children under age four were in child restraints, but

80.1 percent of those restraints were installed incor-

rectly. This compares to 79.7 percent use and 71.4

percent misuse in the previous survey. The most

common errors were for harness straps and the seats

themselves to be too loose. For rear-facing seats, the

most severe degrees of misuse came from having the

harness straps at least four times too loose or from not

buckling the seat to the car. For forward-facing seats,

the most severe degrees of misuse came again from

having the straps far too loose and from routing the

tether incorrectly.

CRASH RECORDS

UNKNOWN RESTRAINT USE REPORTING Section 405

BACKGROUND: In 2006, safety belt use was unknown

for 11.4 percent of vehicle occupants involved in fatal

crashes in Michigan. This rate was signifi cantly higher

than the national average of 6.8 percent. Michigan had

no process in place with which to follow-up on crash

reports missing this information. This missing link in

the system weakens Michigan’s data foundation for

traffi c safety planning.

GOAL: To decrease Michigan’s unknown restraint use

percentage to equal, or below, the national unknown

rate for 2007

ACTIVITIES: This strategy is being addressed through

a partnership with the Michigan Department of State

Police, Criminal Justice Information Center, Traffic

Crash Reporting Unit. A crash trainer position has

been established and one of the responsibilities of this

position is to train law enforcement agencies on the

importance of accurate reporting and follow-up on

traffi c crash reports, specifi cally in regards to restraint

use.


ALCOHOL 21

Alcohol

ENFORCEMENT

FATAL ALCOHOL CRASH TEAM Section 410

BACKGROUND: To deal

with the complexities

of processing and thor-

oughly investigating

fatal traffi c crashes where

alcohol involvement is

suspected, a first-time

Fatal Alcohol Crash Team

(F.A.C.T.) was formed in

Marion County, Indiana,

in 2002. The team inte-

grates a number of

resources to effectively

and effi ciently investigate and prosecute fatal drunk

driving crimes. Since that time, the prosecution has

had a 100 percent conviction rate for impaired fatal

crashes.

Developing a similar team in Michigan as a pilot pro-

gram can serve as a model for other counties, improve

conviction rates for off enders, and lead to better han-

dling of evidence in these cases.

GOAL: Develop and implement a countywide team

to investigate alcohol and drug-related crashes that

result in death or serious injury and ultimately achieve

a 100 percent conviction rate.

ACTIVITIES: A Michigan-based F.A.C.T. project has

been established in Genesee County that involves

members from various county law enforcement

agencies. In addition to training, cameras, measuring

devices and accident reconstruction software have

been purchased to support the team. Genesee County

was selected due to the willingness of its prosecut-

ing attorney’s offi ce to work with local, county, and

state law enforcement; a signifi cant level of impaired

driving crashes; large population base; several major

trunklines; and a need for enhanced evidence gather-

ing for prosecution of drunk drivers.

A DVD that will be used to promote the F.A.C.T.

program to other counties around the state and

throughout the country has been completed.

Distribution of the DVD will continue in 2008.

F.A.C.T. investigated twenty-nine fatal and serious

injury crashes in Genesee County in FY07. Of those

cases, two resulted in guilty pleas while four other

cases were still being prosecuted through the court

system. The remaining twenty-three cases are either

still pending further investigation or awaiting warrant

review, or it has been determined that the facts do not

support felony prosecution.

MOBILE TRAFFIC ENFORCEMENT UNIT Section 402

BACKGROUND: Formerly known as the BATmobiles

(Blood Alcohol Testing), the traffi c enforcement vans

were originally used for assisting with impaired driving

enforcement. To enhance the use and visibility of these

vans, their role was expanded to include safety belt

and underage drinking enforcement, and local com-

munity events. Located in Ingham, Marquette, Monroe,

and Ottawa counties, the vans are used to promote the

enforcement eff orts taking place, and increasing pub-

lic awareness of traffi c safety.

GOAL: To enhance the visibility of overtime enforce-

ment of traffi c laws and underage drinking enforcement

through use of the traffi c enforcement vans.

ACTIVITIES: The Holland Police Department, Lansing

Police Department, Marquette Police Department,

and Monroe County Sheriff ’s Offi ce staff ed the traffi c

enforcement vans. The vans were used for enforcement,

publicity, or a community event during twenty-fi ve

alcohol enforcement details, six safety belt enforce-

ment details, and twenty-two special events.

In an eff ort to more visibly promote traffi c safety

awareness, the vans were outfi tted with aluminum

F.A.C.T. members received

the latest crash reconstruction

training available.

Signage was added to the state’s four Mobile Traffi c Enforcement

Vans to help make enforcement eff orts more visible.


22 ALCOHOL

poster frames on each side. Three posters promot-

ing safety belt, underage alcohol enforcement, and

impaired driving enforcement were created. The vans

in Ottawa and Ingham counties have been equipped

with the frames and have obtained the poster art.

Monroe County’s van is in the process of being

equipped with the frames. Current signage on the

Marquette van does not accomodate a poster.

ENFORCEMENT VISIBILITY ENHANCEMENT PILOTSection 410

BACKGROUND: Visibility is a key component for alco-

hol saturation patrols aimed at reducing impaired

driving-related injuries and fatalities. Despite long-

term efforts to strictly enforce drunk driving laws

supported through overtime enforcement, many

off enders feel their chances of being arrested are slim.

Often, motorists have no idea why an offi cer has pulled

someone over.

Michigan’s Constitution prohibits the use of drunk

driving checkpoints, which many states use success-

fully to make enforcement easily visible. To increase

the visibility and awareness of dedicated drunk driving

patrols, special electronic message boards on police

cars have the potential to enhance the increased drunk

driving enforcement message. A pilot program to

install combination light/message boards on a limited

number of patrol vehicles will take place in Kalamazoo

County.

To further raise motorists’ awareness of stepped up

drunk driving patrols, special communications tactics

are needed to support the additional law enforcement

activities.

GOAL: Increase the perception of impaired driving

enforcement by the public in Kalamazoo County.

ACTIVITIES: Kalamazoo County was selected to receive

funding to purchase and install approximately forty

electronic message boards in patrol cars based on their

traffi c volume, population density, and number of alco-

hol-related crashes. The patrol cars display an impaired

driving message while they are working impaired driv-

ing patrols to give the public a clear view of what type

of enforcement they are working. Currently, thirty-four

patrols cars at three agencies have been fi tted with the

electronic message boards.

Further, during the August statewide drunk driv-

ing crackdown, mobile billboards were deployed in

Kalamazoo County advertising that increased enforce-

ment was underway. Three mobile billboards were on

the road for the three weekend enforcement periods

during early afternoon and evening hours.

To measure the billboard’s eff ectiveness at increas-

ing awareness of stepped up enforcement, an

oversample in Kalamazoo took place in conjunction

with standard awareness testing for paid advertising.

Although Kalamazoo had slightly better awareness,

the billboards did not seem to generate a marked

change.

ENFORCEMENT OF UNDERAGE DRINKING LAWS OJJDP, Section 410

BACKGROUND: In 2006, Michigan drivers age twenty

or younger were 51 percent more likely to be involved

in a HBD crash than older drivers. “Zero tolerance”

arrests per licensed driver age twenty or younger were

85 percent lower than drunk driving arrests for older

drivers. Teens not only are overrepresented in alcohol-

related traffi c crash deaths, they are the least likely to

get caught driving while impaired.

The Department of Justice, Offi ce of Juvenile Justice

& Delinquency Prevention’s Enforcing Underage

Drinking Laws (EUDL) program provides funding for

overtime enforcement of underage drinking laws.

Enforcement eff orts are part of an overall and broader

strategy to address the problem of underage drink-

ing. Agencies in more than forty counties participate

in a multi-tiered approach to enforcement – seeking

out parties where underage drinkers are, targeting

adults who furnish alcohol to minors, working special

events where minors may drink alcohol, and watching

for retailers who sell alcohol to minors.

GOAL: Through high visibility enforcement, increase

the perception of risk among minors of being caught

A pilot project in Kalamazoo County featured a mobile

billboard with a message about how many drunk drivers

were arrested the previous year.


ALCOHOL 23

drinking alcohol and reduce the incidence of under-

age drinking.

ACTIVITIES: Law enforcement agencies are working

overtime enforcement and purchasing equipment.

Agencies in forty-two counties worked 7,487 over-

time hours, making 11,290 enforcement contacts, and

dispersing 308 parties.

Citations issued:>> 682 minor-in-possession (MIP)>> 108 adults furnishing alcohol >> 168 open intoxicants >> 75 operating while impaired (OWI)>> 62 felony arrests>> 562 misdemeanor arrests

Michigan had 2 percent fewer crashes involving

impaired underage drivers in 2006, 1,543 compared to

1,574 in 2005. This did not fall as quickly as all crashes

with young drivers, so the percentage of drivers under

twenty-one in crashes who had been drinking rose

from 1.9 percent to 2.1 percent.

LAW ENFORCEMENT LIAISONS OJJDP

BACKGROUND: Law Enforcement Liaisons (LELs) assist

law enforcement agencies with planning, coordinating,

and publicizing federally funded enforcement eff orts.

LELs provide a link between OHSP and law enforce-

ment by providing personal attention to agencies. For

nine years, OHSP has employed LELs who are current

or retired police offi cers.

GOAL: To coordinate enforcement programs among

law enforcement agencies across the state.

ACTIVITIES: The LELs assisted law enforcement

agencies with strategic planning, coordinating grant-

funded enforcement among agencies, and helping

agencies publicize their enforcement eff orts. Due to

their eff orts, the youth alcohol enforcement program

expanded to eight new law enforcement agencies this

year. The liaisons also assisted in creating an offi cer ref-

erence book on underage drinking laws that will be

distributed to law enforcement agencies. Liaisons also

provided technical assistance to grantees regarding

equipment selection and strategic planning.

This was the second year the liaisons assisted with

underage drinking enforcement eff orts. Liaisons con-

tinued to seek new information about enforcement

techniques and protocols regarding minors. LELs also

encouraged project directors to reach out to substance

abuse prevention specialists in their communities to

garner support with their enforcement eff orts and to

take a fresh look at environmental changes that pre-

ventionists seek to do: limit social and retail availability;

discourage promotions targeted at teens; infl uence

social norms, and build political will for enforcing

underage drinking laws. See also page 33 in the Police

Traffi c Services section.

ENFORCEMENT SUPPORT

MICHIGAN STATE POLICE, FORENSIC SCIENCE DIVISION, TOXICOLOGY LABORATORYSections 410, 163

BACKGROUND: The Michigan State Police Toxicology

Lab faces increased demand from law enforcement

agencies requesting blood analysis for motorists sus-

pected of driving under the infl uence of drugs and/or

alcohol. In the past decade, requests have increased

almost 100 percent despite staffi ng levels remaining

constant. Further, the state’s .08 BAC law passed in

2003 included criminalizing driving with a Schedule

One drug in the driver’s system. This change means

more offi cers are requesting tests for drivers suspected

of using these drugs.

Blood alcohol analysis took up to three weeks under

the state’s old .10 BAC standard for drunk driving. After

passage of the .08 law, the analysis time doubled due

to a large increase in the number of law enforcement

agencies requesting blood alcohol analysis. Analysis

for schedule one drugs took four to six weeks under

the old .10 BAC law and signifi cantly increased after

passage of the .08 BAC law due to a larger number of

law enforcement agencies requesting drug analysis.

GOAL: To reduce the backlog for blood analysis of

alcohol and schedule one drugs at the Michigan State

Police blood toxicology unit to pre-2003 levels.


24 ALCOHOL

ACTIVITIES: Three staff toxicologist positions continue

to be funded along with overtime for the toxicology

unit to work on blood and drug analysis and serve as

expert witnesses for OWI trials.

The alcohol backlog has decreased to approximately

150 cases from a high of 300 cases per year. The turn-

around time is currently at fi ve days, down from a high

of fourteen days; 2002 turnaround time was approx-

imately four days prior to the implementation of .08.

As overall caseloads continue to rise, the backlog may

remain at a new steady-state level of 150 cases.

The drug case backlog has decreased to approxi-

mately 600 cases from a high of approximately 1,000

cases. Turnaround time is currently at sixty days, from a

high of ninety days; 2002 turnaround time was approx-

imately thirty days prior to the implementation of .08.

As overall caseloads continue to rise, the backlog may

remain at a new steady-state level of 600 - 700 cases.

STANDARDIZED FIELD SOBRIETY TEST TRAININGSection 410

BACKGROUND: To successfully arrest and prosecute

an impaired driver, law enforcement must be trained

with the most current alcohol detection techniques

available. OHSP provides training in Standard Field

Sobriety Testing (SFST) to law enforcement offi cers

upon request. Not all offi cers in Michigan are fully cer-

tifi ed in the NHTSA-IACP SFST training. This program

works in conjunction with drunk driving overtime

enforcement grants because offi cers working over-

time enforcement must be SFST certifi ed. Classes and

materials are available at no charge, and law enforce-

ment agencies are encouraged to attend.

GOAL: To increase the number of offi cers with NHTSA-

IACP SFST certifi cation by 5 percent in 2007 over the

number trained in 2006 of twenty-fi ve instructors and

547 practitioners.

ACTIVITIES: Training was provided to 593 participants,

surpassing the goal to increase training by 5 percent.

Audits of the instructor and practitioner class were con-

ducted. Nineteen instructors completed the instructor

training class, bringing the statewide total of instruc-

tors to 207. Work will continue to maintain the current

number of instructors.

ADJUDICATION

PROSECUTORIAL TRAININGSection 410

BACKGROUND: It is imperative that prosecutors and

law enforcement have easy and ready access to current

information on traffi c safety issues as well as underage

drinking. These two vital groups must stay abreast of

the priority issues within the state, as well as nation-

ally, to focus on these concerns.

GOAL: To provide prosecutors with updated drunk

driving training, such as current drunk driving legisla-

tion, best practices for impaired driving prosecution,

resources necessary to successfully prosecute impaired

driving cases, and improve communication with law

enforcement.

ACTIVITIES: For the past fi ve years, the Prosecuting

Attorneys Association of Michigan (PAAM) has pro-

vided traffi c safety training for county prosecutors.

The Traffi c Safety Training Attorney who conducts the

training provided instruction to: >> county prosecutors and their assistants>> state agencies>> law enforcement

Activities throughout the year included:>> Meeting with prosecutors that received grant fund-

ing for eff orts to reduce underage drinking >> Serving as a resource for prosecutors by responding

to questions on legal defenses being raised, inter-

pretation of OWI statutes, locating out-of-state OWI

statutes, cross examination of known local, state,

and national defense experts, and locating experts

to counter defense experts >> Producing The Green Light, Yellow Light, and Red

Light Alerts for county prosecutors with timely and

useful traffi c safety case law information.

In addition, fi fteen seminars were provided to 277 stu-

dents comprised of law enforcement, prosecutors and

assistant prosecutors, and other traffi c safety partners.

The seminars off ered were: Considerations in Crash

Reconstruction Cases, Nuts and Bolts of Arrests in

OWI Cases, Vehicle Homicides and Pedestrians, Cross-

Examination Issues, Basic Powerpoint, Cops in Court,

Powerpoint, and several regional prosecutor meetings.

Participants rated the courses extremely high (5 out

of 5) and have reported in follow-up surveys as hav-


ALCOHOL 25

ing changed plea bargaining and department policies

because of the seminars.

PROSECUTING ATTORNEYS ASSOCIATION OF MICHIGAN TRAINING EVALUATION Section 410

BACKGROUND: OHSP has consistently supported

PAAM’s training for prosecutors and adjudication part-

ners to improve the prosecution of drunk drivers and

reduce recidivism. While popular, the Traffi c Safety

Resource Prosecutor program has not been formally

evaluated.

GOAL: A formal evaluation will determine the eff ec-

tiveness of PAAM training and information-sharing

activities and produce a report documenting

fi ndings.

ACTIVITIES: UMTRI performed a process evaluation of

whether PAAM was successfully completing the pro-

gram activities, examined similar programs in other

states, and evaluated whether training aff ects the per-

formance of prosecutors.

The report found the program to have a positive

impact, particularly on new prosecutors’ abilities to

eff ectively prosecute traffi c safety violations. The pro-

cess evaluation showed 1,814 attendees in six years

of training seminars, along with newsletters, online

resources, and a listserv that provided extended pros-

ecutor support and training. The listserv and online

presence were particularly valuable to prosecutors,

providing reference on drunk driving cases and other

traffi c issues. Michigan’s program compares favorably

with other states’ similar programs. The Traffi c Safety

Training Attorney is highly regarded at the national

level and the Michigan program is used as a model

for many states. The evaluation was not successful in

performing a quantitative analysis of training’s eff ects

on cases, because prosecutors were not available to

spend approximately one hour per case reviewing a

large sample of cases.

ADJUDICATION TRAININGSection 410

BACKGROUND: The adjudication and law enforce-

ment communities must stay abreast of priority traffi c

safety issues within the state, as well as nationally, for

Michigan courts to focus on these concerns. This allows

the state to better address impaired driving issues as

well as underage drinking.

GOAL: To provide training for the adjudication com-

munity that will provide it with knowledge vital to

eff ective sentencing and treatment of impaired driv-

ing cases.

ACTIVITIES: Three statewide conferences included

traffi c-related sessions for the adjudication commu-

nity: the Michigan Supreme Court Judicial annual

conference, the Michigan Association of District Court

Magistrates conference, and the Michigan Association

of District Court Probation Offi cers conference.

These conferences included information on drunk

driving cases, search and seizure issues, supervising

the impaired driver in DWI Court, and characteristics of

hard-core drunk drivers. The grant funding provided

six national speakers for a number of conferences and

seminars.

NHTSA – NATIONAL DRUG COURT INSTITUTE DWI COURT TRAININGSection 410

BACKGROUND: Drug and sobriety courts have been

shown to significantly reduce recidivism in partici-

pants who graduate from the program. Courts with

an active drug court, or that are seeking to start one,

require training to update their staff on the latest court

treatment programs and to learn how to run an eff ec-

tive and self sustaining program.

GOAL: Provide training for new and experienced drug/

sobriety court staff .

ACTIVITIES: Three courts with approximately twenty

team members were selected to attend trainings

off ered by the National Drug Court Institute. The pro-

gram provided the most up-to-date information on

how to run and sustain a specialty court program.


26 ALCOHOL

DUI COURT EVALUATIONSection 410

BACKGROUND: Increasing the eff ectiveness of drug

courts is a national focus. Enhancing existing and new

DUI/Drug courts will help address Michigan’s repeat

off ender problem. While these courts have been oper-

ational for a number of years, an evaluation tool does

not exist. An evaluation will help DUI courts operate

more eff ectively and provide a better understanding

of their eff ectiveness.

GOAL: Establish an evaluation program for DUI/Drug

courts.

ACTIVITIES: The State Court Administrative Office

(SCAO) is developing and conducting an outcome eval-

uation for DUI courts. The evaluation, which follows

defendants for a minimum for one year, is gathering

information from courts in Oakland, Ottawa, and Bay

counties. A preliminary report has indicated moderate

success in achieving lower recidivism rates than regu-

lar courts and a fi nal report is expected in early FY08.

Feedback from the criminal justice community in

regards to the drug court case management system

evaluation tool has also been favorable. Users of the

system have reported the system is easy to use and

provides valuable information to help evaluate pro-

grams. This tool, which can provide comprehensive

analysis of drug court programs, has the ability to

reduce or eliminate the costs of conducting outside

evaluations.

COURT INTERACTIVE VIDEO TESTIMONY PILOTSection 410

BACKGROUND: Lab resources are often spread thin

as toxicology lab personnel are asked to appear in

court, which often involves considerable travel time.

Expanded implementation of interactive video tech-

nology in district courts would assist the Michigan

State Police Toxicology Lab to more effi ciently address

a growing demand for laboratory staff to travel sig-

nifi cant distances to testify. Implementing interactive

video systems in Wayne, Oakland, Kent, and Emmet

counties would significantly reduce travel time for

toxicology lab personnel. Funding will allow thirteen

district courts to purchase and install interactive video

equipment in their courtrooms. This technology will

be used in conjunction with the Michigan State Police

Toxicology Lab interactive video equipment. With this

technology, the courts will experience greater effi-

ciency in scheduling MSP toxicologists for impaired

driving cases resulting in fewer delays and greater

access to the State Police toxicologists.

GOAL: Conduct video conference testimony between

the participating courts and MSP expert witness

toxicologists.

ACTIVITIES: The fi rst testimony provided by a toxicol-

ogist via video conference was held during a drunk

driving trial in Emmet County. The defendant was

found guilty.

The equipment was used at a moot-court hearing

in Delta County to demonstrate the benefi ts of the

video testimony for the prosecutor and the defense.

The defense attorney then stipulated to the toxicolo-

gist’s report in lieu of on-camera testimony. In addition,

the court demonstrated the usefulness of the equip-

ment, receiving a budget appropriation to cover the

communication costs after the grant-funded period

expired.

Although not as many trials have used the video

conferencing technology as originally anticipated, the

Emmet County assistant prosecutor claims it has had

an aff ect on its cases. When defendants realize that

videoconferencing will be used, delays are avoided

and pleas are often taken. When defense attorneys

insist that the toxicologist appear in person, the pros-

ecution seeks reimbursment from the defendant for

travel, generally exceeding more than $700. The prose-

cutor believes this information has been shared among

defense attorneys, resulting in more agreement to use

the technology and avoidance of delay tactics.

The MSP Forensics Science division director reports

this project was a tremendous success, taking an “out-

side the box” approach to enhancing public safety. It

also demonstrated the partnering of two departments

to bolster the capabilities the Forensics Division. This

program is projected to generate signifi cant savings

in travel time and costs while providing more scien-

tists to testify in more cases in more courts than ever

before.


ALCOHOL 27


YOUTH ALCOHOL PUBLIC INFORMATION AND EDUCATION OJJDP

BACKGROUND: More than 84 percent of high school

seniors have used alcohol at some time and approxi-

mately 55 percent have used alcohol within the past

thirty days, according to a 2003 Michigan Youth Risk

Behavior Survey. The Substance Abuse and Mental

Health Services Administration reports that more than

40 percent of youth who begin drinking before age fi f-

teen will become dependent on alcohol.

Underage drinking enforcement programs receive

limited and sporadic publicity. So while the activ-

ity regularly takes place, it is not widely advertised,

especially to teens. A program to make teens aware

of underage drinking enforcement increases the like-

lihood that fewer will drink alcohol for fear of being

caught.

GOAL: To develop a strong enforcement message for

teens (ages 13 – 20) to reduce the incidence of under-

age drinking.

ACTIVITIES: Due to state budget restrictions in 2007,

this project was not pursued.

PUBLIC SERVICE ANNOUNCEMENT ADAPTATION Section 410

BACKGROUND: The population most likely to engage

in risky behaviors is a challenging group for behav-

ior change programs. Messages must not only be

targeted for these groups, but they must also con-

vey information in a manner that both catches their

attention and still conveys information and provides

motivation for change.

GOAL: To retag PSAs created in Tennessee with

Michigan information.

ACTIVITIES: Tennessee did not conduct an evaluation

regarding the eff ectiveness of the PSAs. As a result,

Michigan did not pursue this project.

FATAL ALCOHOL CRASH TEAM AND DUI COURT DOCUMENTARIES Section 410

BACKGROUND: It is not unusual for states to develop

pilot traffi c safety programs. When these programs are

successful, it is important to share this information and

encourage others to adopt similar eff orts. DVD docu-

mentaries about Michigan’s fi rst Fatal Alcohol Crash

Team in Genesee County and the successes of a select

number of DUI courts will provide other law enforce-

ment agencies and judicial partners with guides on

how to replicate similar programs in their areas.

GOAL: To promote the replication of the Fatal Alcohol

Crash Team (F.A.C.T.) and DUI Court through DVD

documentaries.

ACTIVITIES: Documentaries on F.A.C.T. and DUI Courts

were completed. These DVDs will be distributed to

courts, prosecutors, and law enforcement across the

state in FY08 to encourage replication of these pro-

grams. Other activities, such as presentations about

these projects at conferences, will be utilized to pro-

mote these programs.

NETWORK OUTREACH

PREVENTION NETWORKSection 410

BACKGROUND: The Michigan Coalition to Reduce

Underage Drinking (MCRUD), a program provided

through Prevention Network (PN), was established

in 1996 to assist communities by providing technical

assistance, training youth in student leadership skills,

and distributing information on model youth preven-

tion programs. State agencies, including OHSP, provide

funding for staff and small grants for local programs

and projects. MCRUD has twenty-six regional commu-


28 ALCOHOL

nity coalitions that work directly with youth and adults

in performing youth alcohol prevention activities.

GOAL: To reduce youth access to alcohol by serving as

a clearinghouse for local citizens, coalitions, and com-

munities to obtain information on underage drinking

initiatives.

ACTIVITIES: PN and MCRUD staff provided extensive

resources, technical assistance, and coverage to local

and grassroots organizations on youth and alcohol

use. An Alcohol Awareness packet with sample poli-

cies, program ideas, and best practices was given to

over 300 coalitions and schools. Training on how to

hold a traffi c safety event on a campus was held for

more than thirty colleges.

Staff also administered eighteen mini-grants, total-

ing over $40,000.

In April, MCRUD partnered with the Van Buren

County Coalition to Reduce Underage Drinking and

a host of local entities to bring the American Athletic

Institute Director John Underwood to several sites

for presentations on instituting model athletic poli-

cies regarding underage drinking. During a week-long

visit, Underwood presented to Prevention Network

staff , three school districts, and participated in three

town hall meetings.

Part of the training to high school athletic depart-

ments included information on the impact of alcohol

on student athletes, as well as policy issues to help pre-

vent student athletes’ use. Since his visit, two people

from Van Buren County were trained by Underwood

to conduct similar presentations and trainings.

COURAGEOUS PERSUADERSOJJDP

Research has proven that peer-to-peer communication

is an eff ective tool in reaching teens. The Courageous

Persuaders program is an annual competition that

encourages high school students to create a thirty-

second television commercial warning middle school

students about the dangers of drinking alcohol. This

is the sixth year for this program.

GOAL: To raise awareness among middle and high

school students on underage drinking issues through

the development and production of TV public service

announcements (PSAs).

ACTIVITIES: The Courageous Persuaders program

went from a statewide program to a national pro-

gram. More than 1,200 teams registered for the video

competition via e-mail, with 680 teams submitting

videos. The number of Michigan teams participat-

ing increased from 215 in 2006 to nearly a thousand

in 2007. Registrations and videos were received from

nearly every state in the nation.

The winners were determined by middle school

students who viewed and judged the PSAs. The stu-

dents’ attitudes toward alcohol are measured before

and after being exposed to the PSAs. After just one

viewing of this year’s commercials, students exhibited

a 31 percent increase in their sensitivity to the dan-

gers of alcohol.

Additional winners were selected by representa-

tives of the New York Art Festival, USA Today, and the

Detroit Adcrafter Club. A Michigan family who lost

their daughter in a drunk driving crash awarded the

fi rst-ever Lindsey Renee Cianciolo Family Memorial

Scholarship. The Detroit Auto Dealers Association also

became a new sponsor for the program this year.

All participants received invitations to attend a

“Hollywood-style” awards banquet, with award win-

ners receiving scholarship funds. PSAs can be viewed

at www.couragefi rst.com.

WINNERS INCLUDED:>> Be One Less from Marquette High School in

Marquette, Michigan; >> Step Back from Lenawee ISD Vo-Tech Center in

Adrian, Michigan; >> You’re Dead Wrong from Lahser High School in

Bloomfi eld Hills, Michigan;>> Messed Up For Life from Dearborn High School in

Dearborn, Michigan;

FOX-TV in Detroit aired the winning PSAs. McCann

Erickson and USA Today produced and ran several

advertisements congratulating award winners and

promoting the 2008 competition.

MOTHERS AGAINST DRUNK DRIVING LIFESAVERS SUPPORTSection 410

BACKGROUND: Recognition for law enforcement

eff orts in fi nding and arresting drunk drivers is a critical


function in keeping law enforcement’s focus on main-

taining a high number of impaired driving arrests.

GOAL: Increase the number of OWI arrests by law

enforcement by motivating them with a recognition

ceremony and presentation of specialized pins.

ACTIVITIES: MADD has developed and distributed a

survey to measure law enforcement knowledge and

prioritization of impaired driving enforcement. An

informational brochure and downloadable reporting

form have been posted on the MADD website.

MADD had a display booth of the program at the

2007 Traffi c Safety Summit and the MACP Conference.

MADD chapters have conducted individual site visits

with law enforcement to distribute information and

secure participation. Over fi fty offi cers throughout the

state received a pin in recognition of their exemplary

eff orts in arresting drunk drivers.

CRASH RECORDS

UNKNOWN BAC REPORTING IN FATAL CRASHES Section 410

BACKGROUND: In 2006, the unknown BAC rate was 47

percent of vehicle occupants involved in fatal crashes.

This rate was significantly lower than the national

average of 58 percent. Michigan had no process to fol-

low-up on crash reports missing this information. This

missing link in the system weakens Michigan’s data

foundation for traffi c safety planning.

This strategy is being addressed through a partner-

ship with the Michigan Department of State Police,

Criminal Justice Information Center, Traffic Crash

Reporting Unit.

GOAL: To decrease Michigan’s unknown BAC rate to

be equal to or below the national unknown rate for

2007.

ACTIVITIES: A crash trainer position has been estab-

lished and one of the responsibilities of this position

will be to train law enforcement agencies on the impor-

tance of accurate reporting and follow-up on traffi c

crash reports, specifi cally in regards to the unknown

BAC rate.

ALCOHOL 29


POLICE TRAFFIC SERVICES 31

ENFORCEMENT

OVERTIME TRAFFIC ENFORCEMENT Section 402, 157 Incentive

BACKGROUND: To make the best use of limited funds,

traffi c enforcement grant funding is based on a com-

bination of population, frequency of fatal and serious

injury traffi c crashes, and media reach. By focusing

funding on these areas, OHSP can effi ciently and eff ec-

tively reach the majority of drivers. Qualifying counties

receive grants for overtime enforcement involving

county sheriff s and local law enforcement agencies.

GOAL: Utilize high visibility enforcement to increase

safety belt use and reduce alcohol-involved and inter-

section crashes, resulting in fewer traffi c deaths and

injuries.

ACTIVITIES: Local and county law enforcement agen-

cies conducted traffi c enforcement throughout the

year with two statewide traffi c enforcement mobili-

zations in the summer. The safety belt enforcement

mobilization ran May 21 through June 3, and an

impaired driving crackdown was conducted August

17 through September 3.

Two hundred thirty-four law enforcement agencies

in fi fty-fi ve counties, representing nearly 94 percent

of the state’s population, participated in safety belt,

red light running, and impaired driving enforcement

initiatives.

Law enforcement agencies conducted 20,997

hours of grant-funded safety belt enforcement, which

resulted in:>> 34,905 vehicles stopped>> 23,490 safety belt citations >> 65 OWI arrests>> 695 citations for driving while license suspended

>> 1,218 misdemeanor and 157 felony arrests

Safety belt use rose from 93.0 percent to 93.3 percent

during the mobilization, not a statistically signifi-

cant change. It continued to rise over the summer to

93.7 percent. See the Mobilization section for more

details.

Law enforcement agencies also conducted 32,992

hours of OWI enforcement, which resulted in:>> 34,493 vehicles stopped>> 1,863 OWI arrests >> 816 other alcohol arrests >> 4,675 speeding citations>> 1,904 misdemeanor and 286 felony arrests

The number of alcohol-involved crashes will be avail-

able when the 2007 crash fi le closes in March 2008. See

the Mobilization section for more details.

Law enforcement agencies conducted 10,604 hours

of red-light running enforcement, which resulted in

the following:>> 10,577 vehicles stopped>> 248 OWI arrests >> 2,541 red-light running citations >> 162 illegal turn citations>> 1,125 safety belt and child restraint citations>> 780 speed citations>> 398 misdemeanor and 72 felony arrests

The number of intersection crashes will be available

when the 2007 crash fi le closes in March 2008.

SAFETY BELT ENFORCEMENT ZONE SIGNS Section 402

BACKGROUND: For the fi fth year, law enforcement

agencies conducted safety belt enforcement zones to

ensure motorist awareness of increased enforcement.

A safety belt enforcement zone requires the use of spe-

cial, portable signs that mark the start of a zone area.

Police Traffi c Services

Safety belt enforcement zone signs are used to increase

visibility of enforcement.

Law enforcement agencies used banners to help publicize

enforcement in their communities.


32 POLICE TRAFFIC SERVICES

Enforcement zone signs make it clear offi cers are writ-

ing safety belt citations, avoiding the assumption that

a stop is for speeding, and reminding motorists that

offi cers are serious about enforcing Michigan’s safety

belt law.

GOAL: Enhance the visibility of safety belt

enforcement.

ACTIVITIES: As the number of grant-funded agencies

continues to grow, so does the need for enforcement

zone signs. An additional fi fty enforcement zone signs

were provided to new agencies.

MICHIGAN STATE POLICE OVERTIME TRAFFIC ENFORCEMENT Sections 402, 405, 410, OJJDP

BACKGROUND: To make the best use of limited funds,

traffi c enforcement grant funding is based on a com-

bination of population, frequency of fatal and serious

injury traffi c crashes, and media reach. By focusing

funding on these areas, OHSP can effi ciently and eff ec-

tively reach the majority of drivers. MSP Posts in the

qualifying counties receive grant funding for overtime

enforcement.

GOAL: Utilize high visibility enforcement to increase

safety belt use and reduce alcohol-involved and inter-

section crashes, resulting in fewer traffi c deaths and

injuries.

ACTIVITIES: MSP conducted traffi c enforcement and

participated in a statewide safety belt enforcement

mobilization May 21 through June 3, and an impaired

driving crackdown from August 17 through September

3.

The grant provided 12,526 hours of safety belt, red-

light running, and alcohol enforcement overtime to

State Police posts within the Drive Michigan Safely Task

Force counties. Each post developed a strategic plan

for allocating overtime hours.

The posts conducted 5,124 hours of safety belt

enforcement, which resulted in:>> 6,922 vehicles stopped>> 3,620 safety belt citations >> 22 OWI arrests >> 207 citations for driving while license suspended>> 193 misdemeanor and 34 felony arrests

The posts also conducted 7,020 hours of OWI enforce-

ment, which resulted in:>> 6,165 vehicles stopped>> 300 OWI arrests >> 273 other alcohol arrests >> 273 safety belt and child restraint citations>> 732 speed citations>> 311 misdemeanor and 75 felony arrests

The posts conducted 382 hours of red-light running

enforcement June 4 through September 30, which

resulted in:>> 551 vehicles stopped>> 252 red-light running citations>> 57 safety belt and child restraint citations>> 4 OWI arrests>> 9 misdemeanor and 2 felony arrests

SUCCESS STORIES

The Grand Traverse County Sheriff ’s Office,

Traverse City Police Department, and Leelanau

County Sheriff ’s Offi ce conducted OWI enforce-

ment in southern Grand Traverse County, resulting

in forty-one vehicles stopped, four OWI arrests,

one child restraint violation, one safety belt vio-

lation, ten speeding violations, six other traffi c

violations, and four misdemeanor arrests.

Seven offi cers from Grand Traverse Sheriff ’s

Office and two officers from the Traverse City

Police Department received M.A.D.D. awards for

their eff orts in OWI enforcement.

In 2007, the Detroit Police Department

expanded its overtime enforcement plan from

one precinct to funding overtime traffi c enforce-

ment in six districts, also including the traffic

enforcement unit. As a result, the department

has dramatically enhanced the visibility of traf-

fi c enforcement. From 2004 through 2007, the

Detroit Police Department has stopped nearly

38,000 vehicles on grant overtime, resulting in

24,304 safety belt and child restraint citations,

493 OWI arrests, 5,173 misdemeanor arrests, and

544 felony arrests.



MSP Posts from St. Ignace, Manistique, Gladstone, and

Newberry and the MSP Motor Carrier Division also par-

ticipated in Operation SABRE (Speed, Alcohol, Belt

Reduction Eff ort.) Results are included in the SABRE

section.

The grant not only provides overtime hours to the

State Police posts, but also funds a sergeant position

to manage all aspects of the overtime. The coordina-

tor hosted grant orientation meetings for post grant

coordinators and distributed required forms. The coor-

dinator also ensured MSP posts submitted a strategic

plan for their enforcement eff orts, and collected and

reported overtime enforcement activity monthly.

OPERATION SABRE Section 402

BACKGROUND: Michigan’s Upper Peninsula is unique

in many aspects. Geographically a large area, the U.P.

lacks an east-west interstate freeway. U.S.-2 is the main

thoroughfare that carries commercial traffi c, tourists,

and residents traveling across the region.

Much of U.S.-2 is a two-lane road with strategically

placed passing lanes. Some motorists become impa-

tient when traveling with slower moving commercial

trucks, vehicles towing campers or boats, or scenery-

watching tourists. Because of these many factors, a

task force was convened to address an increase in

traffi c deaths and serious injuries during the summer

months in three counties along U.S.-2.

GOAL: To encourage motorists to avoid aggressive

driving and dangerous passing, obey speed lim-

its, and wear their safety belts utilizing publicity and

enforcement.

ACTIVITIES: Eight law enforcement agencies and three

partners supported a public information campaign

and selective traffi c enforcement campaign through-

out the summer

Overtime patrols were scheduled for Friday and

Sunday evenings between Memorial Day and Labor

Day, at peak tourist traffi c times. Placemats and ban-

ners were produced and disseminated at more than

100 restaurants, campgrounds, and businesses along

the U.S.-2 corridor.

Agencies participating in 2007 included Michigan

State Police Posts from St. Ignace, Manistique,

Gladstone, and Newberry and the MSP Motor Carrier

Division. The St. Ignace Police Department, Mackinac

County Sheriff’s Office, and the Manistique Public

Safety Department represented local enforce-

ment eff orts. Other partners included the Michigan

Department of Transportation and local tourism

offi ces in Schoolcraft and Mackinac counties.

704 PATROL HOURS RESULTED IN THE FOLLOWING:>> 1,042 vehicles stopped>> 678 speed citations >> 57 other citations issued>> 1 felony arrest>> 9 misdemeanor arrests>> 17 safety belt citations

In 2007, one motor-vehicle crash with two fatalities

was noted on the U.S.-2 corridor during the grant fund-

ing time frame.

LAW ENFORCEMENT COORDINATION

LAW ENFORCEMENT LIAISONS Section 402

BACKGROUND: To assist with traffi c enforcement pro-

grams, OHSP utilizes a team of eight law enforcement

liaisons (LELs). Established in 1998, the team consists of

current and retired Michigan police offi cers. Each LEL

is responsible for a region of the state or coordinates

Michigan State Police activities.

GOAL: Encourage law enforcement agencies to sup-

port and participate in traffi c safety programs through

more personal contact.

ACTIVITIES: The LEL team assisted law enforcement

agencies with planning enforcement, coordinating

among agencies, and publicizing enforcement. The

liaison team reviewed and recommended approval of

strategic enforcement plans. LELs solicited enforce-

ment mobilization participation and reporting, and

helped provide traffic safety and enforcement

training.

The LELs made more than 600 personal con-

tacts throughout the year. As a result, 88 percent of



Michigan’s 650 law enforcement agencies signed up

to participate in the national mobilizations.

In a fi rst step to address and boost nighttime belt

use, law enforcement agencies conducted pilot night-

time safety belt enforcement eff orts on May 24, during

the two-week statewide Buckle Up or Pay Up, Click it or

Ticket safety belt mobilization. The law enforcement

liaison team was instrumental in getting agencies

signed up for this eff ort and following up on reporting.

See the Mobilization section for more information.

The LEL program concluded its activities at the close

of the fi scal year. While the LEL program was in exis-

tence, the belt use rate in Michigan steadily increased

and Michigan’s law enforcement embraced the safety

belt enforcement zone concept. In 2000, the primary

belt law took eff ect and belt use was 83 percent. The

safety belt enforcement zone concept began as a pilot

project in 2003 in eight counties, with thirty-six agen-

cies conducting 127 zones. Zones were promoted and

zone training was provided on a statewide basis by

the LELs in 2004. Seat belt usage then climbed to an

all-time high of 94 percent in 2006. In 2007, belt use

remained over 93 percent and 151 law enforcement

agencies conducted 723 zones.

TRAFFIC ENFORCEMENT ASSOCIATION Section 402

BACKGROUND: Michigan law enforcement offi cers lack

a statewide traffi c safety association to share informa-

tion, promote specialized training, and recognize the

important contribution traffi c enforcement makes.

GOAL: Unite law enforcement offi cers who have an

interest in traffi c safety.

ACTIVITIES: The LEL team developed a statewide asso-

ciation called the Traffi c Enforcement Association of

Michigan (T.E.A.M.). The association is open to all law

enforcement from command offi cers to local offi cers,

deputies, and Michigan State Police troopers. The LELs

serve as the Board of Directors for T.E.A.M. as the asso-

ciation gets established.

A Web site was also created and maintained by the

law enforcement liaison team. The site provides traffi c

law updates, training information, and other informa-

tion for law enforcement offi cers. Since the beginning

of the year, T.E.A.M. has acquired 231 members.

RECOGNITION AND INCENTIVE PROGRAMS

LAW ENFORCEMENT CHALLENGE PROGRAM Sections 402, 405, 410

BACKGROUND: With limited federal funds available,

only law enforcement agencies meeting certain crash

and population criteria receive grant funds for enforce-

ment during mobilizations. To encourage the more

than 500 law enforcement agencies to participate in

mobilizations, Michigan created a “law enforcement

challenge.”

GOAL: Increase law enforcement participation in state

and national traffi c enforcement campaigns.

ACTIVITIES: Law enforcement agencies register for the

challenge by pledging to have offi cers place greater

attention on the campaign focus during mobilization

periods. Five hundred and sixty-nine law enforcement

agencies participated in the law enforcement chal-

lenge. Agencies that do so and report enforcement

results by set deadlines are entered into a random

drawing for a grant that can be used to purchase

equipment, schedule overtime, attend traffi c-related

training, or a combination of these options. Agencies

that participate in the mobilizations are eligible for one

of several larger grants, as well as other traffi c safety

equipment awards.

Following the Memorial Day 2006 holiday, eight

agencies were awarded $5,000 grants. The winners

were:>> Belding Police Department>> Lenawee County Sheriff ’s Offi ce>> Manistee County Sheriff ’s Offi ce>> Saginaw Township Police Department>> Saline Police Department>> Westland Police Department>> Michigan State Police Iron River Post



>> Michigan State Police Newaygo Post

Following the Labor Day 2006 impaired driving crack-

down, eight agencies were randomly selected. The

winners included:>> Lakeview Village Police Department>> Bay County Sheriff ’s Offi ce>> St. Ignace Police Department>> Detroit Police Southwest District>> Farmington Department of Public Safety >> St. Joseph County Sheriff ’s Offi ce>> Michigan State Police Wayland Post>> Michigan State Police East Tawas Post

Equipment purchased by the agencies included bin-

oculars, traffic cones, digital cameras, traffic flares,

fl ashlights, in-car cameras, lasers, radars, refl ective

vests, traffi c reconstruction equipment and accesso-

ries, stop sticks, and light bars.

CHALLENGE RECOGNITION CEREMONY Section 402

BACKGROUND: For the last three years, the law

enforcement challenge concluded with a special

event to recognize the contributions of agencies and

announce regional and grand prize winners.

GOAL: Recognize law enforcement for their dedication

to traffi c enforcement.

ACTIVITIES: Law enforcement agencies were invited to

and recognized at a fall luncheon based on participa-

tion in the FY06 Challenge program. Certifi cates were

provided to all participants and regional grant award

winners were chosen by random drawing during the

luncheon.

Winners were:>> Alma Police Department>> Augusta Police Department>> Marysville Police Department>> University of Michigan Department of Public

Safety

>> Walker Police Department>> Michigan State Police Gladstone Post>> Michigan State Police Richmond Post

Two agencies, Alma and Augusta, used the grants

to purchase traffi c patrol vehicles. The Walker Police

Department used the funding to purchase a patrol

motorcycle. Other equipment purchased includes in-

car cameras and radars.

MICHIGAN ASSOCIATION OF CHIEFS OF POLICE AWARDS Section 402

BACKGROUND: The Award for Excellence in Traffi c

Safety is a cooperative effort with the Michigan

Association of Chiefs of Police (MACP), OHSP, and AAA

Michigan. OHSP has been providing grants for traffi c

safety eff orts to winning agencies since 2002.

GOAL: Recognize outstanding traffi c safety eff orts

conducted by police and public safety departments

across the state.

ACTIVITIES: Eight Michigan law enforcement agencies

earned the 2007 Award for Excellence in Traffi c Safety

from MACP, OHSP, and AAA.

Doreen Olko, chair of the MACP Traffi c Safety Committee,

speaks during the MACP awards banquet.

SUCCESS STORY

The MSP Iron River Post used the grant funding for over-

time traffi c enforcement. In 2002-2006, the Michigan

Traffi c Crash Reporting System identifi ed Bates, Crystal

Falls, and Mastodon townships as the highest crash areas

in Iron County. Speed, seat belt usage, aggressive driv-

ing, and alcohol consumption were contributing factors

in these crashes. Patrols were scheduled on U.S.-2 during

July and September in these three townships.

More than 205 vehicles were stopped, resulting in fi ve

safety belt violations, two suspended license violations,

sixty-eight speeding citations, 120 other traffi c violations,

and two misdemeanor arrests.

The Law Enforcement Challenge Recognition Program

enabled the Alma Police Department to purchase a new

patrol vehicle.



The 2007 award winners were: Memphis Police

Department, Dowagiac Police Department, Sturgis

Police Department, Van Buren Township Police

Department, Novi Police Department, Farmington

Hills Police Department, Muskegon County Sheriff ’s

Offi ce, and Michigan State Police Iron River Post.

Equipment purchased by the agencies included traf-

fi c vests, radar, in-car cameras, traffi c reconstruction

accessories, fatal vision goggles, laser, digital cameras,

pedestrian tag lights, and a vehicle light bar.

An added benefi t to the MACP Awards program

in 2007 was the automatic entry of the twenty-seven

applications in the International Association of Chiefs

of Police awards program. As a result, the Dearborn

Police Department received the Commercial Vehicle

Safety Award and the Cheboygan County Sheriff’s

Offi ce received the Traffi c Safety Award.

ENFORCEMENT VISIBILITY

PAID ADVERTISING Sections 405 PM, 410 PM

BACKGROUND: Stepped up enforcement has the

greatest impact when motorists are aware of these

eff orts. Using paid advertising allows OHSP to target

messages to key groups, young men, eff ectively and

effi ciently. This strategy has allowed OHSP to increase

its message awareness and help drive positive behav-

ior changes.

GOAL: Continue high levels of awareness for the Buckle

Up or Pay Up, Click It or Ticket and Drunk Driving. Over

the Limit, Under Arrest. campaign messages during

enforcement mobilizations.

ACTIVITIES: OHSP was unable to purchase advertising

for the May mobilization due to state spending restric-

tions. A three-market ad buy for the August drunk

driving crackdown did take place in the metro Detroit,

Grand Rapids, and Flint/Saginaw/Bay media markets.

This included radio, TV, and cable ads concentrating on

the three weekend periods of the crackdown.

A detailed summary of paid advertising can be

found under the Paid Advertising section.

UPDATED IMPAIRED DRIVING MATERIALS Sections 402, 410

BACKGROUND: In 2006, NHTSA announced a new

campaign theme for high visibility drunk driving peri-

ods, Drunk Driving. Over the Limit. Under Arrest. As a

result, Michigan drunk driving enforcement materials

required updating to align with the national theme.

GOAL: Update drunk driving crackdown materials to

include the new national campaign theme and cre-

ate messages aimed at target audiences, particularly

young men.

ACTIVITIES: A small series of focus groups of young

men took place to assist with the development of a

new TV and radio ad. As in the past, the groups felt

their likelihood of an arrest was low, even though they

admitted to driving drunk. Separate groups of blue

collar males and risk-taker males indicated diff erent

patterns in drinking and driving. Blue collars seemed

to drink less but on a more consistent basis, both week

days and weekends. Risk takers seemed not to drink

often during the work week but drank heavily on the

weekends. All said the costs, fi nes, and fees, were a

major deterrent.

The new TV ad focuses on the many costs and pen-

alties, showing a bartender putting a driver license,

handcuffs and money into a blender, showing the

“mix” is tough to swallow.

New campaign-themed materials were developed

for the August drunk driving crackdown, including

workplace posters, banners, and a new information

fl yer.

MOBILIZATION OUTREACH CAMPAIGNSection 405

BACKGROUND: Successful traffi c enforcement mobi-

lizations rely on widespread awareness of the activity.

This happens primarily through paid advertising and

is supported by earned media eff orts. In addition, out-

reach activities are also implemented to ensure the



message is repeated in a variety of venues that reach

the target audience with either Buckle Up or Pay Up,

Click It or Ticket or Drunk Driving. Over the Limit. Under

Arrest.

GOAL: Create widespread awareness of statewide

enforcement mobilizations through an outreach

campaign with materials targeted to specifi c groups

in appropriate venues.

ACTIVITIES: Initial work began with an offi ce-wide dis-

cussion regarding the problem, the target audience,

and ideas for reaching this group. Staff brainstormed

ideas for both safety belt and drunk driving

mobilizations.

A variety of materials for the Click it or Ticket cam-

paign were generated to reach young men in places

they frequent: convenience stores, hardware stores,

outdoor stores, auto parts and accessory businesses,

and fast food establishments. More details about this

can be found in the Mobilization section.

ENFORCEMENT PLANNING

SPEED DATA AND SITE ANALYSIS Section 402

BACKGROUND: Excessive speed is a factor in many

crashes, but most discussions of speeding equivo-

cate between “higher than the posted limit” and “too

fast for conditions.” To conduct speed enforcement

safely and effectively, police need to know where

speed-related crashes are happening and that the

speed problem arises from driver behavior rather than

a design problem with the road or signage.

GOAL: Identify counties with a speed-related

crash problem and identify sites for model speed

enforcement.

ACTIVITIES: The Wayne State University–Transportation

Research Group (WSU-TRG) analyzed crash data to

identify where speed-related crashes were occurring.

WSU-TRG examined high-crash locations to identify

sites at which speed enforcement would be eff ective

in reducing crashes. OHSP used that list to determine

areas to conduct a pilot speed enforcement project.

The locations selected for enforcement in 2008 include

Alger, Clinton, and Ottawa counties.

EVALUATION

TELEPHONE SURVEYS Section 402

BACKGROUND: The ongoing success of enforcement

mobilizations can be tied, at least in part, to contin-

ual evaluation eff orts. Evaluation tools can illuminate

areas for improvement, identify program enhance-

ments and new programs, and determine a program’s

eff ectiveness or ineff ectiveness.

GOAL: Determine public perception of the enforce-

ment eff orts.

ACTIVITIES: Surveys around the Labor Day Over the

Limit. Under Arrest. crackdown measured changes in

public awareness of campaign eff orts. Awareness of

campaign messages and of encouragement not to

drink and drive were higher than awareness of spe-

cial enforcement eff orts. The media target population

of young men perceived an increase in the number of

drunk drivers being arrested. Recognition of the new

crackdown slogan increased by 20 percent overall, 30

percent among young men.


38 PEDESTRIANS AND BIKES

Pedestrians and Bikes

BICYCLE SAFETY

BICYCLE HELMETSSection 402

Statistics show that most bicyclist injuries and

deaths are because riders are not wearing helmets.

Information from the FY02-03 Bicycle Assessment con-

ducted by the League of Michigan Bicyclists indicated

a need to focus on those children least likely to wear

helmets and low-income communities. Bicycle-related

injury and helmet use data in Michigan indicates that

the potential target populations for focused inter-

ventions are children less than 10 years of age and

their parents. According to the 2005 Michigan Youth

Behavior Survey, 90 percent of high school students

who rode a bicycle during the past twelve months

never/rarely wore a helmet. Studies have also shown

that the strongest predictor of children’s helmet use

was the presence of a helmeted companion. A child’s

decision to wear a helmet may be more infl uenced by

a helmeted adult than by a formal program directed at

the unhelmeted child. By providing free helmets and

educational materials, bicyclists will be more apt to

wear them.

GOAL: To provide helmets to low-income bike rid-

ers and educate them on the importance of wearing

helmets.

ACTIVITIES: Sixty-one organizations (sixteen local

health departments, twenty Safe Kids chapters/coali-

tions, twenty-five county sheriff offices) received

assistance and hosted events attended by more than

335,000 people.

Nearly 8,600 helmets were distributed and edu-

cational materials were provided to lower income

families.

Each organization also received an event kit that

included an educational packet for children attending

the events, posters to promote events, and a present-

er’s guide. Each packet contained the “I’m Safe on My

Bike in Michigan” activity/coloring book, a pledge card,

crayons, an “I’m Safe on Wheels” DVD, and a helmet

sticker.


TRAFFIC RECORDS 39

Traffi c Records

CRASH DATA

MICHIGAN TRAFFIC CRASH FACTS Section 402

BACKGROUND: Many groups need access to

Michigan’s traffi c crash data to identify and analyze

problems, implement countermeasures, and evalu-

ate impact. The annual Traffi c Crash Facts has been

the source of comprehensive traffi c crash data acces-

sible to the public.

GOAL: To produce the 2006 Michigan Traffi c Crash

Facts report.

ACTIVITIES: The 2006 Traffi c Crash Facts was released

throughout the year as data sections were completed

instead of waiting until the entire project was done.

Enhancements for 2006 include data analysis tool

upgrades and a mapping tool to locate specifi c crashes

and groups of crashes. More people are utilizing this

report online as Web hits have increased by over 150

percent.

UD-10 IMAGE SANITIZATION Sections 163, 408

BACKGROUND: Anyone with access to the Traffi c Crash

Reporting System (TCRS) can access and view UD-10

crash reports. These crash reports are in their original

form and contain all data elements including personal

information such as vehicle identifi cation numbers,

names, addresses, and phone numbers. Recently, the

security of personal information on a UD-10 and its

use in the traffi c safety and research community has

become a priority topic.

GOAL: Remove personal information from UD-10s to

ensure privacy of data for all citizens and ensure the

traffi c safety and research community has continued

access to crash information.

ACTIVITIES: A consultant is working on the process

to remove personal information from all past and

future UD-10s contained within the TCRS. This proj-

ect is scheduled to be completed in the fi rst quarter

of FY08.

NET RMS/LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCY MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS 157 Incentive

BACKGROUND: CJIC is developing a comprehensive

data system – NetRMS – which will integrate with other

records management systems so information can be

readily shared among law enforcement agencies.

NetRMS includes six modules: incident, intelligence,

crash, citation, enhancements, and interfaces. Crash

module development began in December 2002.

GOAL: To provide an electronic system to record crash,

citation, and incident data.

ACTIVITIES: Due to internal state department issues,

this project was cancelled in August 2006 and all

related work ceased in March 2007.

UD-10 TRAINER Section 163

BACKGROUND: There are more than 600 law

enforcement agencies employing over 22,000 offi-

cers/troopers, administrators, and support staff . These

agencies and employees have access to many training

classes and educational activities. Most of these classes

and activities are coordinated separately from agency-

to-agency or employee-to-employee in conjunction

with the Michigan Commission on Law Enforcement

Standards. A new dedicated resource will provide UD-

10 training for law enforcement agencies designed to

improve the quality, accuracy, and speed by which

crash information is captured and submitted.

Michigan Traffi c Crash Facts is an online data tool that

features local, county, and state traffi c crash information.


40 TRAFFIC RECORDS

GOAL: Train law enforcement agencies on ways to

improve crash data and submit crash reports to

increase the quality and accuracy of crash data by 10

percent each calendar year.

ACTIVITIES: A Michigan State Police sergeant was

hired as a crash trainer. The trainer has conducted the

following activities: >> Determined that three distinct trainings are needed

by law enforcement: What Every Officer Should

Know; What Every Supervisor Should Know; and

Recruit Basics>> Completed the fi rst two training programs and is

working on a third program. Included in the training

development was determining of MCOLES require-

ments, documenting procedures to obtain MCOLES

approval, and then receiving approval. These pro-

grams include new emphasis on the cause of

missing BAC levels and restraint use in fatal crashes;

hands-on training for TCRS Web; location for round-

abouts; emphasis on the UD-10MC; the need for a

narrative and diagram; truck/bus changes; informa-

tion on fl are lanes; and changes due to electronic

data capture for the future>> Researched Web-based trainings in an effort to

implement one in Michigan>> Conducted six officer trainings, nine supervisor

trainings, and two truck/bus trainings in conjunc-

tion with FMCSA>> Scheduled twenty-eight additional trainings for the

remainder of 2007 and into 2008 >> Monitored the UD-10s submitted by agencies that

attended the training to ensure errors are reduced

and data is improved. Preliminary results indicate

improvements have been made>> Reviewed the UD-10 manual and assisted in updat-

ing with clearer understandings of data needed and

defi nitions of fi eld values.

CITATION AND ARREST DATA

JUDICIAL DATA WAREHOUSE Sections 163, 408, 157 Incentive

BACKGROUND: Michigan’s trial courts use forty-one

separate case management systems, making it diffi cult

to share case information with executive branch agen-

cies. This disparate environment also creates a void

about defendants in criminal cases and the status of

traffi c citations.

In 2002, the State Court Administrative Office

(SCAO) began adding trial court information to the

state’s Judicial Data Warehouse (JDW). The JDW will

give trial judges and staff access to a statewide name

index to identify pending and closed cases in other

courts. The SCAO and executive branch agencies will

use the information to generate statistical and trend

information. OHSP anticipates using information to

assist in future programming.

GOAL: Link data systems containing crash-related

medical and economic data with traffi c crash data to

improve the timelessness, accuracy, completeness, uni-

formity, and accessibility of traffi c data that is needed

to identify priorities for national, state and local traf-

fi c safety programs.

ACTIVITIES: The JDW will contain standard informa-

tion regarding defendants in criminal cases and the

status of traffi c citations. It will also provide data for

all citations issued. General funding for this project

is provided by the Judicial Technology Improvement

Fund which is based on a percentage of the civil case

fi ling fees. OHSP also provided funding to accelerate

the completion of the project.

All courts in Michigan will be included in the JDW.

There are nine courts that fall outside of the state sys-

tem and work is underway to integrate them into the

JDW. This is expected to be completed in FY08.

In addition, data from twenty-one county court sys-

tems was added to the JDW. The SCAO will continue

to implement courts and support the warehouse with

Judicial Technology Improvement Funds.

DRIVER RECORD PROCESSINGSection 163

BACKGROUND: The Motor Carrier Safety Improvement

Act (MCSIA) rule was finalized and made effective

September 30, 2002. Under this rule, states must post

a citation to a driver’s record (after conviction) in ten

days by 2005. Failure to comply would result in penal-

ties including MDOT losing up to 10 percent of a state’s

federal highway funds, the loss of MSP Motor Carrier

Safety Assistance Program enforcement funds, and the

suspension of a state’s ability to issue CDL licenses.


TRAFFIC RECORDS 41

GOAL: Provide the system enhancements needed to

post citation convictions on a driver’s record within

ten days of adjudication

ACTIVITIES: The development of a Unifi ed Network

Interface to enable all driver data to be shared with

other states, employers, and other record users as

required by the Motor Carrier Safety Improvement

Act has begun. Analysis has been performed to ensure

American Association of Motor Vehicle Administrators

communications can work from both the mainframe

and client server platforms.

Due to state budgetary and project issues, this activ-

ity has been delayed and the new completion date is

projected to be in the spring of 2008.

ELECTRONIC DATA CAPTURE Section 406

BACKGROUND: CJIC is statutorily responsible for main-

taining the state central repository for crash records.

Over 600 Michigan law enforcement agencies submit

crash reports (UD-10) for crashes. In the past fi ve years,

the crash system has been updated through a project

called Crash Process Redesign (CPR). System changes

have included: accepting crash reports electronically,

implementing a Web-based crash reporting tool,

improving CJIC processing effi ciencies, and improv-

ing crash locating.

Although the system is capable of receiving

electronic crash reports, the vast majority of law

enforcement agencies submit paper form reports.

Electronically processing crash reports improves data

quality, timeliness, consistency, and completeness as

well as processing efficiencies. However, local law

enforcement agencies experience signifi cant techni-

cal and fi nancial barriers in moving to automated crash

processing systems.

To promote electronic crash data submission, a pilot

project will assist law enforcement agencies to over-

come electronic crash processing barriers.

GOAL: Increase the number of law enforcement agen-

cies submitting crash data through an electronic or

automated process.

ACTIVITIES: A letter of interest was sent to law enforce-

ment agencies. Twenty-seven agencies indicated

interest and ten were selected to conduct pilot proj-

ects in FY08. Submissions were evaluated by a panel

comprised of representatives from OHSP, MSP, and the

Michigan Department of Information Technology. To

make the most eff ective use of this pilot project, spe-

cial emphasis was placed on selecting applicants from

a variety of geographic locations around the state and

with agencies of varying sizes and technical capabili-

ties. Following this one-year project, agencies will be

responsible for all costs to continue electronic crash

submission following the initial grant period.


42 COMMUNITY TRAFFIC SAFETY PROGRAMS


IN-HOUSE PUBLIC INFORMATION AND EDUCATION Sections 402, 405

BACKGROUND: To promote safety belt use, sober

driving, and other traffic safety issues, the OHSP

Communications Section carries out many activities,

including a statewide, general interest traffi c safety

newsletter. The Section also oversees the develop-

ment of flyers, brochures, and posters to promote

traffi c safety campaigns, and hosts news conferences

to promote traffi c safety initiatives.

GOAL: Continue communication programs and mate-

rials for grantees, partners, and the general public to

support traffi c safety issues that address traffi c deaths

and injuries.

ACTIVITIES: Projects included:>> Produced annual reports for OHSP, the Michigan

Truck Safety Commission, and the Secondary Road

Patrol program>> Developed new materials for pedestrian, bike, and

motorcycle safety>> Updated the OHSP traffi c safety materials catalog

and added a second materials catalog for busi-

nesses to promote traffi c safety>> Hosted a media event to promote Child Passenger

Safety Week>> Issued 21 statewide news releases and 68 localized

news releases, resulting in 332 news stories, a 55

percent increase from 214 in 2006>> Continued to keep information posted to the OHSP

website current>> Promoted Drive Safely to Work Week and its kickoff

event, the Wake Up! Michigan Symposium.

PI&E MATERIALS STORAGE AND DISTRIBUTIONSection 402

BACKGROUND: OHSP supports the storage and ship-

ment of traffic safety materials so that anyone has

access to this information at no charge. This allows

grantees, partners, and others to utilize posters, bro-

chures, and other materials for local traffic safety

eff orts.

GOAL: Continue support for the effi cient storage and

shipment of traffi c safety materials in support of ongo-

ing traffi c safety programs and campaigns.

ACTIVITIES: OHSP has a proactive strategy for distrib-

uting traffic safety materials statewide. When new

fl yers, brochures, or other traffi c safety-related items

are published, a targeted mailing is conducted to per-

tinent audiences. Special mailings of nearly 1.4 million

items included: CPS DVD, Michigan Dental Association

members, booster seat posters, May mobilization kits,

and drunk driving crackdown mailing.

In addition, 908,183 items were shipped to 1,422

sites throughout the year.

INTERSECTION ENFORCEMENT EDUCATION CAMPAIGN Section 402

BACKGROUND: Intersection crashes have been iden-

tifi ed as one of the top causes of traffi c fatalities in

Michigan. An enforcement pilot project is ongoing

to reduce crashes, but no media component exists to

support this project. Evaluation suggests that height-

ened enforcement is far less eff ective without media

support.

GOAL: Develop public information materials for law

enforcement agencies participating in grant-funded

intersection enforcement.

Community Traffi c Safety Programs


COMMUNITY TRAFFIC SAFETY PROGRAMS 43

ACTIVITIES: A new logo and theme, Run the Red. Pay

the Price., poster, and two signs that can be posted at

the enforced intersections were developed. Statewide

and localized news releases were issued at the start

of Intersection Enforcement Week, July 22-28. Media

events took place in Muskegon and Bay counties, with

nearly thirty news stories resulting.

NEW LAW INFORMATION CAMPAIGNS Unfunded

BACKGROUND: Legislation has been proposed on

several traffi c safety issues, including changing require-

ments for booster seats and imposing higher penalties

in high-BAC convictions. When laws change, the public

is often unaware of new requirements, leaving them

at risk of citation or arrest and others at risk from their

behavior.

GOAL: Develop a campaign to reach drivers if a change

is signed into law.

ACTIVITIES: No new traffi c safety laws were enacted

this fi scal year.

EXHIBITING Section 402

BACKGROUND: OHSP is working to better educate

potential partners about its traffi c safety programs and

goals of saving lives and reducing injuries on Michigan

roadways. This means becoming more visible in new

ways, including exhibiting at conferences and special

events.

GOAL: Exhibit once a month at statewide confer-

ences that assist OHSP with reaching new and existing

partners.

ACTIVITIES: OHSP attended three, major statewide

events where staff distributed traffi c safety materials

and provided information about OHSP programs.

OHSP exhibited at:>> Michigan Association of Chiefs of Police>> Michigan Traffi c Safety Summit>> Michigan Association for the Education of Young

Children

PARTNERSHIP ACTIVITIES Section 402

BACKGROUND: OHSP must seek ways besides paid

advertising to keep traffi c safety messages in front of

key constituencies, especially young men. Partnerships

provide an ideal way to promote safety belt and drive

sober themes to reinforce messages that are so visible

during periods of stepped up enforcement.

GOAL: Seek out new partnerships to promote traffi c

safety messages and build on those it began develop-

ing last fi scal year.

ACTIVITIES: OHSP staff ed a booth at the Michigan State

Fair in August. Staff took photos of fairgoers in a new

photo stand and placed them in souvenir frames with

a “buckle up” message. They also distributed informa-

tion about child passenger safety and where to fi nd a

safety seat technician in their area. Eight booster seats

were given away in daily drawings. A new booth loca-

tion led to increased interest in photos; staff members

took about 1,130 Polaroids, double the number of pho-

tos taken the previous year.

SAFE COMMUNITIES

SAFE COMMUNITY COALITIONS Section 402

BACKGROUND: Michigan Safe Communities invites

local community leaders, organizations, and citizens

to work with OHSP to prevent traffic crashes, vio-

lence, and substance abuse in their communities. The

program was established in 1996 and now includes

twenty-two coalitions working to make their commu-

nities safer.

Safe Community Coalitions are a vehicle through

which community members are reached with traffi c

enforcement messages as well as educational infor-

mation regarding traffi c safety issues.



GOAL: To deliver traffi c safety programs through Safe

Community Coalitions.

ACTIVITIES: In Huron County, the Safe Community

Coalition provided the MADD multimedia presen-

tation along with age-appropriate information

regarding underage drinking and its consequences to

2,375 students in the nine Huron County high schools.

According to more than 1,900 post tests, 70.3 percent

of students indicated they were less likely to drink and

drive or ride with someone who had been drinking

In Sturgis, the Safe Community Coalition conducted

a “Safer Ride for All” program to provide car seats to

foster parents and kinship care providers as well as

educational classes on the correct use and installation

of child restraint systems. As a result of this program,

fi fty-two child passenger safety education classes were

taught, eighty-seven child safety seats were checked,

and over 350 people received educational materials.

CITY OF DETROIT URBAN TRAFFIC SAFETY DEMONSTRATION PROJECT Section 402

BACKGROUND: Nearly 20 percent of the state’s pop-

ulation resides in Wayne County, which includes the

state’s largest city – Detroit. As a result, Detroit expe-

riences the largest number of Michigan’s traffi c crash

fatalities and injuries.

A new project coordinator for Detroit is working

with the existing Safe Community coalitions to con-

tinue making traffi c safety a priority, as well as seeking

new areas for addressing Detroit’s traffi c safety prob-

lems. This project includes the use of Detroit-specifi c

problem identification, extensive community out-

reach, and ongoing assessment to evaluate whether

new approaches to traffi c safety in Detroit are prov-

ing eff ective.

GOAL: Reduce traffi c and pedestrian crashes, fatalities

and injuries in the City of Detroit.

ACTIVITIES: In the first year of the two-year grant,

the Detroit Police Department, Community Services

Division, completed forty-seven traffi c safety presen-

tations on pedestrian safety, seat belt use, and alcohol

awareness. Additionally, twelve department members

were certifi ed as child passenger safety seat techni-

cians. These offi cers participated in eleven car seat

safety check programs. At one program, seventy-two

children had their seats checked, only one of which

was correctly buckled up. Another twelve children

arrived without any restraints.

The Detroit Police Department is also participat-

ing on the Detroit Area Pedestrian Safety Action

Team and the Wayne State University “Education and

Enforcement in Focus State and Focus City Pedestrian

Safety Eff orts” grant to address the issue of pedestrian

safety in the city.

The grantee also conducted the EPIC II (Education,

Prevention of Impaired Crashes) driving safety pro-

gram for high school seniors. A special car was used

in conjunction with fatal vision goggles to simulate

the eff ects of alcohol on someone operating a vehicle.

The program goals for the two years the grant is oper-

ating are to increase seat belt use, decrease underage

drinking and driving, educate teens on driving issues,

reduce preventable injuries, and increase community

awareness of driving safety topics. These activities are

intended to help reduce crashes, fatalities and inju-

ries in Detroit.

SAFE COMMUNITIES CONFERENCE Section 402

BACKGROUND: Community-based initiatives need

broad support in terms of information and network-

ing. Contact with other communities and information

on best practices can inform and inspire local activities,

improve eff ectiveness, and create more sustainable

programs.

GOAL: Develop and deliver a conference for Safe

Community coalitions. Provide training on traffic

safety, program administration, coalition-building,

and networking.

Twelve Detroit Police Department members were trained as

CPS technicians and participated in eleven car seat checks.



ACTIVITIES: The Safe Communities Conference was

cancelled due to lack of registration. In a majority of

cases, Safe Communities members are volunteers who

have other full-time job commitments and they were

unable to secure time off to attend the conference.

CORPORATE OUTREACH

NETWORK OF EMPLOYERS FOR TRAFFIC SAFETYSection 402

BACKGROUND: Michigan NETS was established in

1994 bringing together the private and public sector

to reduce traffi c deaths and bring down the cost of on-

and off -the-job crashes. Michigan NETS, which now has

over 800 business partners, encourages businesses to

establish or expand workplace traffi c safety programs

in their own organizations and communities.

GOAL: Reduce traffi c deaths and injuries by encourag-

ing employers to implement traffi c safety programs and

provide education and training to their employees.

ACTIVITIES: NETS members received bi-weekly e-mail

traffi c safety updates, and materials were distributed

on traffi c safety issues such as drowsy and distracted

driving, as well as information to participate in the

annual Drive Safely Work Week (DSWW) Campaign.

DSWW activities included a news conference at

the West Michigan UPS distribution center, where a

UPS driver was recognized for being inducted into

the “Circle of Honor” for attaining twenty-fi ve years of

crash-free driving. The State of Michigan off ered free

vehicle safety maintenance checks to state employees.

In addition, daily DSWW e-mails were issued with safe

driving information to employers and employees.

CORPORATE TRAININGSection 402

BACKGROUND: Training encourages businesses to

implement workplace traffi c safety programs. While

there are benefi ts of a workplace traffi c safety program,

many employers are unaware of how these programs

can enhance safety and reduce employer costs.

GOAL: To develop and implement workplace traf-

fic safety training programs and presentations for

Michigan businesses.

ACTIVITIES: >> Training on safety belts, drinking and driving, dis-

tracted driving, fatigue, and defensive driving to

approximately 4,500 Consumers Energy employ-

ees, sixty DTE Energy employees, and fifty Esso

Corporation employees>> Making a safe winter driving presentation to the

Huron Valley Traffi c Safety Committee>> Implementing work place traffi c safety programs

presentation at the annual Upper Michigan Health

and Safety Conference>> Presenting to the UPS management team regard-

ing the state of traffi c safety in Michigan and how

the Michigan NETS program can reduce workplace

injuries>> Hosting the Wake Up Michigan Symposium for over

150 attendees. This day-long conference featured

national speakers who provided information on

drowsy driving issues, sleep disorders, engineer-

ing solutions, automotive technology, laws and

enforcement, and workplace policies.

SUCCESS STORY

Michigan NETS helped the Consumers Energy

Kalamazoo Service Center increase safety belt

use 38 percent from 2003 to 2006 and reduce

crashes by 80 percent. Based on this success, all

service centers will adopt this model. In addition,

Consumers promoted the 2007 DSWW campaign

companywide and will promote a challenge in

2008.



UNIVERSITY OUTREACHUnfunded

BACKGROUND: College-age drivers, particularly men, are

disproportionately represented in crash data. Reaching

this group is key to reducing crashes, both immediately

and in forming life-long driving habits. A campaign cre-

ated for universities or colleges will aff ect thousands of

students, faculty members, staff and the surrounding

community.

GOAL: To increase safe driving practices by educating

college and university students, faculty, and staff about

safe driving behaviors, safety belts, and the risks associ-

ated with impaired driving.

ACTIVITIES: Wayne State University has conducted a

“Drive Safely to Wayne State” campaign for three years.

This three-day event promotes safe driving habits such as

safety belt and child safety seat use, wearing motorcycle

protective gear, and sober driving through demonstra-

tions, displays, and interactive, hands-on participation.

To encourage more universities to conduct similar

events, Prevention Network and OHSP hosted training

sessions on how to implement these events. Thirty-

one campus police/security offi cers, students, health

promotion staff , faculty, and community prevention pro-

fessionals from thirteen campuses and seven agencies

attended the training.

Prevention Network contacted the campuses dur-

ing the summer to encourage them to promote the

FY08 DSWW campaign. Two universities agreed to

participate.


CHILD SAFETY SEAT USE PROBLEM IDENTIFICATIONSection 402

BACKGROUND: Michigan law requires children under

age four to be in a child safety seat when riding in a pas-

senger vehicle. Despite the law, nearly 20 percent of

these children are not riding in a child safety seat.

GOAL: Determine the barriers to child safety seat use

among parents and caregivers who are not using appro-

priate safety seats for their children.

ACTIVITIES: Four focus groups were held in Southfi eld

and Battle Creek. Respondents were at least 18 years old

and the legal guardian or parent of a child between the

age of newborn and three years old. Each respondent

was responsible for transporting his/her child in a vehi-

cle and had acknowledged that at least once they had

not used a child restraint device to transport their child.

Those occasions included short trips, emergencies, run-

ning late, an ornery child, a missing car seat, or too many

children in the car.

All respondents indicated they had the necessary car

seats for their children. Many of them felt car seats are

unnecessarily complicated and require too much eff ort to

install correctly. None of the participants could correctly

cite Michigan’s child passenger safety law and often con-

fused it with recommendations they had heard.

Based on the focus group fi ndings and other second-

ary research, recommendations include education and

distribution of CPS materials and seats; revising current

materials to make them easier to understand; establish-

ing a 1-800 number for information and other resources;

working with other government agencies and groups

to assist with child safety seat distribution; and integrat-

ing child safety seat inspections with annual, statewide

safety belt mobilizations. OHSP will determine what, if

any of these recommendations, will be implemented.

SCHOOL BUS EMERGENCY EVACUATION TRAINING Section 402

BACKGROUND: Michigan does not have a standardized

program for school transportation agencies and fi rst

responders that addresses the emergency evacuation

of special needs students from school buses.

GOAL: Develop a Web-based training program that

addresses the emergency evacuation of special needs

students from school buses and make it available to both

school transportation providers and fi rst responders.

ACTIVITIES: A training program has been developed

by the curriculum specialist at Michigan’s Office of

Firefi ghter Training and is currently under review by the

director of Transportation Services for the San Diego

Unifi ed School District, who also serves as chair of the

Special Needs Committee of the National Association for

Pupil Transportation. In the meantime, a search for addi-

tional resources continues to be conducted at a national

and state level.


48 PAID ADVERTISING

SUMMARY

Earned media eff orts remain the bedrock of enforce-

ment publicity eff orts. News stories are credible with

the public and are an eff ective means of reaching a

wide population base. However, it is challenging

to reach crucial groups solely through a news-only

strategy.

OHSP follows the traffi c enforcement mobilization

model established by NHTSA. This model calls for paid

advertising starting a week prior to enforcement and

continuing through the first week of enforcement

action. The timing allows motorists a warning period

before enforcement action begins.

While plans were in place to support both statewide

mobilizations with paid advertising, state budget con-

straints meant the May advertising buy did not take

place. However, an $800,000 ad buy was placed to sup-

port the August drunk driving crackdown.

PAID ADVERTISING

Paid advertising guarantees messages will be played

on stations and programs that appeal to the target

group. Advertising programming is selected based

on its effi ciency and eff ectiveness.

Young men remain the focus of messaging eff orts

for both safety belts and drunk driving enforcement.

Advertising vehicles included radio, television, and

cable programs

ADVERTISING EVALUATION, ASSESSMENT AND

OUTCOMES

Before and after each enforcement mobilization, OHSP

sponsors 400-sample statewide telephone surveys,

with a 150 over sampling of male drivers under thirty.

The surveys assist with measuring awareness of the

enforcement eff orts and how eff ective the advertis-

ing buy was at reaching the target group.

Paid Advertising

AUGUST 2007 – OVER THE LIMIT. UNDER ARREST.

Police in my community are arresting more people for drunk driving now than they were a few months ago. (strongly

agree/somewhat agree)

2005 2006 2007

Pre survey Post Survey Pre survey Post survey Pre survey Post survey

General population 57% 52% 51% 57% 56% 57%

Young men 48% 56% 58% 56% 49% 59%

Kalamazoo County* 48% 52%

Have you heard of any special enforcement in the past thirty days related to police eff orts to arrest drunk drivers?

2005 2006 2007



Young men 20% 26% 23% 41% 19% 31%


Would you say that the number of these messages you have seen or heard in the past 30 days is more than usual,

fewer than usual, or about the same? (More than usual)

2005 2006 2007



Young men 37% 44% 22% 42% 9% 31%


* Surveyed because of pilot visibility project detailed on page 20.


PAID ADVERTISING 49

2006-2007 TRAFFIC ENFORCEMENT MOBILIZATION ADVERTISING SUMMARY

CAMPAIGN TARGETED TOWARD MEN 21-34; AUGUST 15-19 & 22-26, AUGUST 29 - SEPTEMBER 2

Michigan Offi ce of Highway Safety Planning ~ August 2007 Radio ~ OLUA ~ 3 Weeks

Market Reach Frequency Total GRPs Spot Total Added Value :60 Spots Added Value :10 Spots Total

Battle Creek 69.0% 8.0x 552.0 918 15 39 $3,990.75

Detroit 71.5% 9.3x 665.4 594 60 158 $69,865.75

Flint 72.6% 8.9x 678.5 950 51 139 $9,435.00

Grand Rapids 65.1% 7.9x 514.5 592 72 114 $14,650.60

Kalamazoo 76.2% 9.4x 716.7 846 18 54 $6,974.25

Lansing 65.8% 8.4x 552.8 518 42 87 $9,597.35

Saginaw 71.7% 8.8x 630.6 570 24 39 $7,290.45

Traverse City 79.0% 8.7x 687.1 423 35 141 $7,341.45

Alpena 105 18 $1,803.70

Marquette 495 90 135 $4,528.80

Muskegon 267 44 123 $2,104.60

Total 6278 451 1047 $137,582.70

Total Value Added Worth $60,064.40

Michigan Offi ce of Highway Safety Planning ~ August 2007 Cable ~ OLUA ~ 3 Weeks

Market Reach Frequency Total GRPs Spot Total Added Value :30 Spots Added Value Taggables Total

Detroit 87.5% 4.5x 393.6 608 200 $157,755.75

Flint 88.0% 5.2x 457.7 851 150 $57,400.50

Grand Rapids 66.9% 3.7x 247.4 462 25 200 $62,662.00

FOX Sports Net 62.0% 2.9x 179.0 89 45 special promo $54,740.00

Total 2010 70 550 $332,558.25


Michigan Offi ce of Highway Safety Planning ~ August 2007 TV ~ OLUA ~ 3 Weeks

Market Reach Frequency Total GRPs Spot Total Added Value :30 Spots Added Value Billboards Total

Detroit 80.3% 4.7x 377.3 172 12 43 $130,024.50

Flint 76.5% 5.0x 382.5 253 30 $35,644.75

Grand Rapids 85.4% 4.5x 384.5 218 60 $67,876.75

Total 643 102 43 $233,546.00


Michigan Offi ce of Highway Safety Planning ~ August 2007 Interactive ~ OLUA ~ 3 Weeks

Site Markets Impressions CPM CLR Total

espn.com Statewide 1,171,000 $15.50 0.04 $18,153.00

si.com Statewide 690,379 $9.80 0.03 $6,765.00

nascar.com Statewide 462,062 $12.77 0.06 $5,900.00

Total $30,818.00

Michigan Offi ce of Highway Safety Planning ~ August 2007 Mobile BB ~ OLUA ~ 3 Weeks

Market Flight Dates # of Units Hours Total

- Kalamazoo County August 16, 17, 18, 23, 24, 25, 30, 31 - September 1 & 2

3.0 4pm-9,10 or 11pm

$15,023.00

Total $15,023.00

Total Media Spending $749,527.95


SENIOR MOBILITY Section 402

BACKGROUND: Older drivers are a steadily growing

segment of the population, one that is dispropor-

tionately likely to be injured in the event of a crash.

Maintaining mobility for older citizens will involve

developing alternative modes of transportation, con-

verting more older drivers to older passengers when

it is no longer safe for them to drive.

GOAL: Conduct a pilot program that provides alterna-

tive transportation to seniors who no longer drive.

ACTIVITIES: Although a pilot program was identifi ed,

after review it was determined that it did not meet

the criteria for funding, therefore, no activities were

undertaken.

IMPROVING DRIVER EDUCATIONSection 402

BACKGROUND: The Driver Education Provider and

Instructor Act was enacted in 2006 as a result of a

combined eff ort from government and driver educa-

tion stakeholders in an eff ort to ensure novice drivers

receive the highest quality driver education. Young

drivers are overrepresented with respect to traffic

crashes and fatalities. Research indicates the fi rst six

months of licensure is the most dangerous time of a

teen’s life. The best time to address this phenomenon

and reduce injuries and save lives is during the two-

part driver education experience.

GOAL: To provide training for driver’s education

instructors on the new Michigan version of the

American Driver Traffi c Safety Education Association’s

curriculum.

ACTIVITIES: This project was moved to FY08.

Driver Education

DRIVER EDUCATION 51


ROADWAY SAFETY 53

Roadway Safety

LOCAL SAFETY ANALYSIS

METROPOLITAN PLANNING ORGANIZATION SAFETY ANALYSIS Section 402

BACKGROUND: Metropolitan Planning Organizations

(MPOs) provide a variety of services to their commu-

nities, including transportation safety. Many MPOs do

not have the resources to conduct an in-depth traf-

fi c safety analysis. This project began in FY04 and is

being continued to assist other MPOs. Over 400 inter-

sections and road segments have been analyzed and

recommendations for improvements have been pre-

sented in Grand Rapids, Battle Creek, Bay, Van Buren,

Cass, Berrien, Saginaw, and Genesee counties and their

affi liated MPOs.

GOAL: Provide a comprehensive traffi c safety study to

selected MPOs to assist in identifying crash and opera-

tional issues and provide recommended resolutions.

ACTIVITIES: A comprehensive traffi c safety study was

completed in Saginaw and Genesee counties and for-

mal presentations to each agency were made.

Field studies at targeted intersections and road seg-

ments in Kalamazoo and Muskegon counties have

been completed. Data analysis is underway to deter-

mine low cost/high impact recommended solutions.

A meeting will be scheduled with each MPO to pres-

ent the fi nal report in early FY08.

In addition, follow-up discussions took place to

determine what solutions, if any, were implemented

following the 2004 traffi c safety study conducted for

the Bay County MPO. Findings included: >> The report is used by local and state agencies in a

variety of capacities, from problem identifi cation to

including information such as average daily traffi c

counts and collision information in other reports >> The main obstacles in implementing any recom-

mendation are funding, personnel resources, public

and political support.

FACILITATED ROADWAY FEATURES SESSION Section 408

BACKGROUND: The state trunk-line roadway features

data are incomplete and out-of-date. Updates to the

primary features used for engineering safety analy-

ses are needed along with a program to ensure future

periodic updates are completed in a timely manner.

The roadway features inventory allows safety staff

to analyze whether engineering projects impact safety.

AASHTO will provide safety models as part of the

Highway Safety Manual. These models rely on roadway

features information. Currently, no statewide roadway

features inventory exists on the local road system.

GOAL: Determine requirements to collect roadway fea-

tures information and develop standard protocols to

collect, maintain, and integrate this information.

ACTIVITIES: A guardrail inventory for the state trunk-

line system was completed. Also underway are

inventories for culverts, freeway lighting, and soil bor-

ings/corings. Inventories for the state’s bridges have

been available for over a decade, and are continuously

being updated. The Maintenance Activity Reporting

System (MARS) was also updated for the trunk-line

system.

The statewide inventory project to capture all attri-

butes is on hold.


MOTORCYCLE SAFETY 55

Motorcycle Safety


MOTORCYCLE PUBLIC INFORMATION AND EDUCATION MATERIALS Section 402

BACKGROUND: Motorcycle ridership and fatalities

have been on the rise in Michigan and nationwide.

Despite a 7 percent decrease in Michigan motorcy-

cle fatalities in 2006, 114 motorcyclists were killed.

Motorcycle fatalities are caused by both motorcyclist

error and driver inattention. In addition, nearly half of

all motorcyclists killed in crashes do not have a valid

motorcycle endorsement.

GOAL: Use educational materials to promote safety

to both motorcyclists and motorists and encourage

motorcyclists to get their motorcycle endorsement.

ACTIVITIES: OHSP and the Department of State (DOS)

collaborated on a poster that encourages motorcy-

clists to get their license endorsement. This poster was

distributed to DOS branch offi ces. In addition, DOS cre-

ated a palm card with motorcycle safety tips for riders

and motorists, and is distributing it through branch

offi ces. A May news conference kicked off Motorcycle

Safety Awareness month to draw attention to the

dangers motorcyclists face on the roadway and urge

motorists to be aware of motorcycles when driving.

In addition, a review of a motorcyclist research

project generated recommendations, including struc-

tural changes to the state’s licensing process, as well

as stricter enforcement of unendorsed and unin-

sured motorcyclists, and additional training off erings.

These recommendations are being reviewed by OHSP

and DOS to determine what changes can be made in

FY08.

TRAINING

RIDER COACH PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENTSection 2010

BACKGROUND: Training and professional develop-

ment for Michigan RiderCoaches last took place in 1997.

RiderCoaches are trainers certifi ed by the Motorcycle

Rider Foundation and the State of Michigan to train

new riders seeking their motorcycle endorsement.

Professional development for the more than 200

RiderCoaches is necessary for the program to deliver

the most relevant and up-to-date training techniques

that the Motorcycle Safety Foundation has to off er.

GOAL: Provide Michigan RiderCoaches with profes-

sional development training by September 30, 2007.

ACTIVITIES: Training was provided to over 100

RiderCoaches throughout the summer. The pro-

gram provided the latest motorcycle-related training

updates and teaching techniques from the Motorcycle

Safety Foundation. This is the fi rst time professional

development has been off ered to the Michigan motor-

cycle safety program trainers in ten years.

MOTORCYCLE TRAINING EQUIPMENTSection 2010

BACKGROUND: New and updated equipment is neces-

sary to run a successful motorcycle training program.

Historically, the training program has gone a signifi cant

time without acquiring updated training equipment.

Much of the equipment has broken down over time

and as a result, the training program has been ham-

pered in this crucial area.


56 MOTORCYCLE SAFETY

GOAL: To provide a quality motorcycle train-

ing experience by supplying twenty-four new

training motorcycles for the Michigan Motorcycle

Safety Training program.

ACTIVITIES: Twenty four training cycles were pur-

chased and delivered to twelve different training

locations. These new cycles will replace aging and

worn out training cycles, thereby providing a better

learning experience for novice riders in the basic rider

course.

EVALUATION OF MOTORCYCLE LICENSING AND TRAINING Section 2010

BACKGROUND: Nearly half of all motorcyclists killed

in crashes do not have the state-required motorcy-

cle endorsement. Developing countermeasures for

motorcycle crashes requires knowing the extent of

the problem and the reasons why motorcyclists are

not seeking training or licensure.

GOAL: Determine why many Michigan motorcyclists

are not receiving training and license endorsement,

identify barriers in the training and licensure process,

and recommend remedies for these problems.

ACTIVITIES: The Michigan Public Health Institute

researched the motorcycle training and licensure pro-

cess. Assessment of training courses, interviews with

institutional partners, and organizational reviews

provided information on practices and procedures.

Through surveys and focus groups, motorcyclists

were asked directly about their experiences with the

training and licensure systems. Researchers had dif-

fi culty recruiting unendorsed motorcyclists for these

surveys.

Study recommendations included increasing the

availability of training courses, increasing the pen-

alty for riding without an endorsement, establishing

endorsement and training incentives, streamlining the

endorsement process, reaching motorcyclists through

dealerships and insurers, encouraging experienced

riders to seek training, and revisiting the connections

associated with trained skills, questions on the written

test, and real-world riding demands.

PARTNERSHIP WITH DEPARTMENT OF STATEUnfunded

BACKGROUND: The Department of State is responsible

for licensing and training all motorcyclists. Partnering

with DOS to enhance rider training and safety is a pri-

mary goal.

GOAL: Improve and enhance the motorcycle safety

program by increasing the number of riders trained

and endorsed. Reduce the number of motorcycle fatal-

ities and injuries.

ACTIVITIES: OHSP partnered with DOS to develop a list

of recommended changes for the motorcycle training

program. Some of these changes include removing the

requirement that riders who successfully complete the

state’s Basic Rider Course take a written exam in the

Secretary of State Branch offi ce, increase the fee for the

basic rider course, and not allowing riders to be issued

temporary instruction permits more than twice in a

three-year period. These recommendations are now

under review by DOS.


EMERGENCY MEDICAL SERVICES 57

ASSESSMENT

EMERGENCY MEDICAL SERVICES ASSESSMENTSection 402

BACKGROUND: An assessment of EMS-related systems,

organizations, activities, and goals was conducted in

1991 and no longer provides a current perspective.

GOAL: Improve the effectiveness of traffic crash

emergency medical response and treatment by

strengthening ties to hospitals, emergency medical

systems, and injury prevention and treatment and to

integrate EMS data and information to other traffi c

safety data sets.

ACTIVITIES: A comprehensive, statewide EMS assess-

ment was conducted jointly by MDCH and OHSP. It

included interviews with key stakeholders from a vari-

ety of organizations and agencies. Interviews were

designed to facilitate a candid exchange of informa-

tion about the strengths and weaknesses of the EMS

systems and organizations. The assessment examined

computer systems, fi le structures and content, orga-

nizational reviews, how data is acquired, stored, and

distributed, regulation and policies, training, facilities,

communications, public information, education and

prevention, medical direction, and evaluation.

Some of the assessment recommendations included

increasing staffi ng levels of the state EMS offi ce, obtain-

ing dedicated funding to support the Michigan EMS

offi ce, standardizing EMS Coordinating Council pro-

tocols for all Medical Control Authorities, pursuing

legislation to require county collaboration for pre-hos-

pital emergency medical care by a transporting unit,

and taking an inventory of all medical care facilities for

staffi ng and capabilities

The MDCH EMS Office will work with the EMS

Coordinating Council to develop a strategic plan to

address the high priority issues.

MEDICAL RECORDS

EMERGENCY MEDICAL SERVICES DATABASESections 163, 408

BACKGROUND: The MDCH EMS & Trauma Section

is committed to improving pre-hospital and hospi-

tal care. One key element in improving that care is to

establish a statewide database that captures informa-

tion from all EMS agencies and trauma facilities, and is

capable of creating linkages to other applicable infor-

mation, such as crash data and out-patient treatment

information.

Subject to HIPPA guidelines and system require-

ments, appropriate grantees and state agencies will

be able to use and analyze this information.

GOAL: To improve the eff ectiveness of traffi c crash

emergency medical response and treatment by

strengthening ties to hospitals, emergency medical

systems, and injury prevention and treatment via an

EMS database.

ACTIVITIES: During FY07, much of MDCH’s activity

focused on securing a vendor to create a statewide

EMS database and Web input tool for EMS providers.

A statewide data manager was secured under con-

tract to work with the 800 life support agencies and

sixty-fi ve medical control authorities that will be sub-

mitting the EMS data electronically once the database

becomes operational. The data manager held meet-

ings and conducted training for these agencies to

help them prepare for the transition to an electronic

data collection process and to adopt their current sys-

tems to use the National EMS Information System data

elements.

This will ensure consistent and accurate statewide

collection of EMS-related information and further

Michigan’s goal of having a comprehensive traffic

crash data system.

Emergency Medical Services


58 ADMINISTRATIVE ISSUES

GOVERNORS TRAFFIC SAFETY ADVISORY COMMISSION (GTSAC) Over the past year, the GTSAC bi-monthly meetings

have provided an avenue for traffi c safety advocates

at the state and local level to share information on con-

cerns, resources, and activities. Development of the

GTSAC agenda is an open process and provides an

opportunity for traffi c safety advocates from through-

out the state to provide information, share a concern,

or bring an issue before commissioners.

Among the issues discussed at meetings were: quick

clearance of vehicles from state trunklines, new traf-

fi c crash information tools, the State Highway Safety

Plan, Michigan traffi c crash data, work zone safety, and

booster seats. Meetings include regular updates from

GTSAC action teams.

Each meeting provides an opportunity for member

agency representatives to update the commission on

traffi c safety activities taking place within their agen-

cies. A legislative update is also provided at each

meeting to keep the traffi c safety community current

on the status of legislation that has an impact on traf-

fi c safety issues.

Implementation of the Michigan Strategic Highway

Safety Plan (SHSP) remains a focus of the GTSAC,

with action plan updates provided at each commis-

sion meeting. Several of the GTSAC member agency

representatives have also provided an update to the

commission on how their agency is using the strate-

gies outlined in the SHSP action plans to address traffi c

safety issues.

MICHIGAN TRAFFIC SAFETY SUMMITThe 12th annual Michigan Traffi c Safety Summit hosted

more than 450 exhibitors, attendees, and speakers.

This 2007 Summit was the longest and most widely

attended event to date. Chuck Hurley, chief executive

offi cer of M.A.D.D., kicked off the three-day conference

by outlining the organization’s ambitious plan to elim-

inate drunk driving. Other featured speakers traveled

from Virginia Tech Transportation Institute, Henry Ford

Hospital Sleep Center, the National Sleep Foundation,

the National Traffi c Law Center, the Insurance Institute

of Highway Safety, Federal Highway Administration,

and the University of Michigan Trauma Center.

Attendees had the opportunity to discover fi ndings

from a recent study of 100 cars equipped with cam-

eras and sensors to monitor driver behavior for a year.

The study captured crashes, near-crashes, and other

events, allowing researchers an unprecedented look

at driver behavior and crash causation.

The role of fatigue in driving, how technology may

be aff ecting safety and the driver, and how crash scene

information can assist with emergency room response

were other featured general session topics. In addition,

thirty-fi ve workshops on various traffi c safety issues

were off ered.

LEGISLATIVE UPDATESeveral diff erent legislative initiatives were introduced

addressing diff erent traffi c safety areas, including man-

dating booster seat use, restricting cell phone use

while driving, increasing penalties for high BAC off end-

ers, and allowing motorcyclists to purchase a permit to

ride without a helmet. None of these measures were

approved during the fi scal year.

Administrative Issues

The Michigan Traffi c Safety Summit expanded to three days

and attracted more than 450 exhibitors, speakers,

and attendees.


MOBILIZATIONS 59

OVERVIEW Traffi c enforcement mobilizations seek to reduce dan-

gerous behavior by focusing statewide police eff orts

on a single problem. Periodic heightened enforcement

has a greater deterrent eff ect than a prolonged but dif-

fused campaign. During mobilization periods, OHSP

grantees conduct extra patrols, while many other law

enforcement agencies across the state place height-

ened attention on traffic enforcement. Intensive

earned and paid media eff orts bring attention to the

increased enforcement. The state came together to

increase safety belt use around Memorial Day, under

the Buckle Up or Pay Up banner. The statewide eff ort to

reduce drunk driving, Over the Limit. Under Arrest. led

up to Labor Day.

GOALS: Increase safety belt use and decrease drunk

driving by increasing the perceived threat of arrest or

citation for unsafe driving behaviors.

ACTIVITIES:

MAY BUCKLE UP OR PAY UP, CLICK IT OR TICKET

MOBILIZATION

SUMMARY: Law enforcement participation: 296

law enforcement agencies reported enforcement

activities

Safety belt enforcement zones: 760

Media events Six

News stories: 576

Law enforcement agencies in eleven counties par-

ticipated in a pilot project by conducting roving safety

belt patrols the night of May 24. That evening, offi cers

issued 262 safety belt and seven child restraint cita-

tions. They also found nine drunk drivers, thirty-seven

drivers with suspended licenses and twenty-eight

speeders.

OHSP initiated a multi-faceted earned media strat-

egy to maximize media coverage of the statewide

safety belt mobilization. Media outreach covered

a nearly two-month period and included targeted

releases, letters to the editor, a series of same-day

news events, a mid-mobilization release, and a results

release.

Network outreach brought messages to a young

male target audience in convenience stores, hardware

stores, auto parts stores, and hunting and fi shing out-

lets. Banners and pizza box stickers again reminded

motorists of the campaign. No paid media was placed

by OHSP due to state budget restrictions.

In addition, a teen-themed poster was mailed to all

the state’s high schools.

MOBILIZATION KITS WERE SHIPPED TO:>> 667 law enforcement agencies>> 100 other traffi c safety partners

POSTERS AND TRASH CAN STICKERS WERE

SHIPPED TO:>> 11,000 convenience stores/gas stations>> 1,300 automotive stores>> 51 ACE Hardware locations>> 21 MC Sports>> 14 Gander Mountain stores>> Cabela’s

POSTERS WERE SHIPPED TO:>> 835 schools>> 2,025 bars/restaurants

Safety belt use rose from 93.0 percent to 93.3 percent

during the mobilization, not a statistically signifi cant

change. It continued to rise over the summer to 93.7

percent. Telephone surveys to measure changes in the

perceived risk of citation were not available for May

2007.

AUGUST DRUNK DRIVING. OVER THE LIMIT. UNDER

ARREST. CRACKDOWN

SUMMARY: Law enforcement participation: 152 agen-

cies reported their enforcement totals

Drunk driving arrests: more than 1,000 impaired

drivers

Mobilizations


60 MOBILIZATIONS

Warrant sweeps: 262 arrests on outstanding war-

rants, seventy-seven of those for alcohol-related

off enses.

Paid advertising: $800,000

Media events: Six

News stories: 394

OHSP debuted the Drunk Driving. Over the Limit.

Under Arrest. campaign theme in Michigan. OHSP sent

localized news releases announcing the upcoming

campaign to weekly newspapers on July 30. The news

release announcing the start of advertising was sent to

media statewide on August 13. The statewide release

announcing the beginning of the campaign was dis-

tributed on August 16, the same day as the media

events. A statewide release sent August 27 reminded

media that the crackdown was still underway and

would continue through Labor Day. The statewide

results news release was issued September 17.

Funding was available for agencies to conduct OWI/

OUIL warrant sweeps to ensure individuals arrested

on drunk driving charges were processed through

the court system so that appropriate sentencing took

place. Forty-fi ve agencies in twenty-eight counties

conducted warrant sweeps during the crackdown.

The sweeps resulted in 262 arrests on outstanding

warrants, seventy-seven of those for alcohol-related

off enses.

New TV and radio ads were created following a short

round of focus groups with two groups of young men:

risk takers and blue collars. The ad features, in a unique

way, the cost of a drunk driving conviction. The cost of

a conviction remains one of the most signifi cant moti-

vators for these groups.

The enforcement was supported by a $758,000

media buy, targeting young men in the three biggest

markets in the state, metro Detroit, Flint/Saginaw/Bay

City, and Grand Rapids/Kalamazoo, on TV and cable.

The radio buy covered those markets plus some out-

lying areas. The fl ight ran Wednesday through Sunday

for three weeks. For the fi rst time, OHSP bought ads

on Web sites: ESPN.com, NASCAR.com and Sports

Illustrated’s site, SI.com.

Materials were updated to reflect the new cam-

paign slogan, Drunk Driving. Over the Limit. Under

Arrest. In their Law Enforcement Action Kits (LEAKS),

agencies received a new banner, poster, and drunk

driving fl yer. The LEAKs also included a sample news

release, radio PSA scripts, fact sheet, and other out-

reach suggestions.

Two posters were created specifi cally for businesses

likely to employ signifi cant numbers of young male risk

takers, those who work hard and play hard. The larg-

est employers in several counties were contacted to

promote the crackdown, with nearly fi fty companies

taking part. These companies were provided posters

as well as information for newsletter articles and e-mail

blasts to employees.

Recognition of Over the Limit. Under Arrest. increased

from 16 to 36 percent in the general population, 23

to 54 percent for young men, and 10 to 31 percent in

MOBILIZATION TOTALS

Reporting

agencies

Traffi c

stops

Safety

belt

citations

Child

restraint

citations

Drunk

driving

arrests

Other

felony

arrests

Other

misdemeanors

Other citations

and arrests

May 296 56,717 18,572 856 903 601 5,600 32,292

August 151 34,669 1,325 46 1,002 390 3,893 24,992

totals 304* 91,386 19,897 902 1,905 991 9,493 57,284

* Total reporting agencies include agencies who reported in multiple mobilizations.


MOBILIZATIONS 61

Kalamazoo County. Only a few people said Over the

Limit. Under Arrest without prompting.

Young men had an increased perceived risk of arrest

for drunk driving, awareness of special eff orts to arrest

drunk drivers, and belief that police were arresting

more drunk drivers. Drivers in general had no signifi -

cant change on these except for an identical increased

awareness of special eff orts to arrest drunk drivers (12

percent); increases amongst younger drivers brought

them up to where the general population was to begin

with. Kalamazoo County drivers responded similarly to

young male drivers.


62 FY2008 FOCUS

FY08 will bring OHSP to the end of a fi ve-year set of

goals, with associated problem identifi cation. To pro-

mote long-term progress on problem areas, OHSP has

maintained the same list of goals for several years.

These problem areas are the most prominent behav-

ioral factors in fatal crashes. Aff ecting these areas will

reduce traffi c crashes, injuries, and deaths.

OHSP develops projects in conjunction with diverse

partners. Eff ective cooperation is essential for solving

traffi c safety problems. There are important roles to

play at the state, local, and federal levels, and OHSP

seeks mutual support with public and private part-

ners. Everything OHSP does is only possible through

extensive linkage with traffi c safety networks across

Michigan.

KEY FOCUS AREAS FOR FY08 INCLUDE:

OCCUPANT PROTECTION AND IMPAIRED DRIVING PREVENTIONThe state and national focus on safety belt use and

impaired driving continues. Each of these problems

still constitute more than a third of traffi c fatalities.

OHSP will coordinate Michigan’s participation in the

Click It or Ticket and Drunk Driving: Over the Limit. Under

Arrest. campaigns.

Eff ective, high-visibility enforcement increases the

perceived risk of citation or arrest, which has proven

the most eff ective way of changing driver behavior.

Stepped-up enforcement, paid and earned media, and

network outreach eff orts all contribute to making driv-

ers safer. Watch for the May safety belt mobilization

and the August drunk driving crackdown as the big-

gest enforcement blitzes for their respective areas,

with smaller waves of saturation enforcement through-

out the year. As safety belt use reaches diminishing

returns, additional emphasis will be placed on alco-

hol enforcement, notably around New Year’s Eve and

Independence Day, the two peak times for alcohol-

involved deaths and serious injuries in Michigan.

OHSP will also support educational efforts to

increase the use and proper use of child restraint

devices, including booster seats; network and media

support for regional eff orts to reduce drunk driving;

and enforcement and prevention programs to reduce

underage use of alcohol.

LOCATIONSDriving in a straight line on good pavement is usually

safe, even at high speeds. Freeways, for all their speed

and traffi c, are the safest roads. Intersections give cars

chances to hit each other, and leaving the roadway is

a problem on local roads.

Urban roads have the most intersections and

traffic. Reaching the majority of Michigan’s driv-

ers requires attention here. This will include

high-visibility enforcement of all types, intersection

enforcement, and examining specific locations for

potential countermeasures.

Rural areas have fewer crashes per mile of roadway

but more per mile driven. In addition to statewide

education and media efforts, OHSP enforcement

programs will be active in the majority of Michigan

counties. OHSP maintains a satellite offi ce in the Upper

Peninsula, better reaching that predominantly rural

area.

TIMESSome times are more dangerous, just as some places

are. Crashes peak daily during the evening rush hour,

on the weekends, and during the summer. Alcohol-

involved crashes and deaths peak between midnight

and three a.m., particularly on the weekends.

The summer months will be the focus of most

OHSP programs, including enforcement campaigns,

network outreach, and advertising. The coordina-

tion of activities will help keep safety in drivers’ minds

as they enter the peak driving period. Other eff orts

target driving during the winter months, when wors-

ening road conditions contribute to crashes. As with

location, enforcement and advertising are timed to

combine apprehension of off enders with visibility to

other drivers.

VEHICLESPassenger cars constitute the majority of traffi c on the

roadways, but some vehicles are disproportionately

represented in serious crashes. Pickup truck drivers

correlate with young men, low safety belt use, and

rural crashes. Heavy trucks cover more miles than any

passenger car, and heavy weights lead to crashes that

are far more likely to involve serious or fatal injuries.

Motorcycle crashes also tend to be more serious, for

the opposite reasons of heavy trucks. Motorcyclist

numbers and ages are increasing, making it the only

category of traffi c crashes and deaths increasing in

recent years. Programs can address drivers of these

vehicles and of the vehicles surrounding them.

FY2008 FOCUS


FY2008 FOCUS 63

PEOPLEOf the three main crash contributors, drivers account

for more problems than roadways or vehicles. Younger

and older drivers are primary causes of worry. Young

drivers, particularly men, are the most disproportion-

ately involved in almost every kind of crash. Youth

combines inexperience with high-risk behavior, includ-

ing low safety belt use, high rates of drunk driving,

and excessive speed. OHSP will direct media eff orts

to young drivers, in terms of both education and

enforcement.

Older drivers face decreasing abilities and increas-

ing frailty, and this is a growing demographic segment.

Older drivers have fewer crashes per driver and more

per mile driven, along with more severe crashes due

to a great propensity for injury.

Michigan and Detroit are FHWA focus areas for

pedestrian safety. Pedestrian fatalities are most pres-

ent in urban areas, and special projects are underway

to develop pedestrian crash countermeasures for

Detroit.


64 STATUS REPORT

Fiscal Year 2007 OHSP Status Report

Prog Area

Fund Task Description Grantee ID Planned Amt Oblig Req Approved Grants

Total Pd

OP 402 TK #4 Evaluation

Planned Amount 80,000.00 0.00

OP-07-08 WSU 53,000.00 53,000.00 41,092.00

TK #4 Evaluation Total 80,000.00 53,000.00 53,000.00 41,092.00

TK #6 Grant Development & Community Outreach


CP-07-03 OHSP 28,879.00 28,879.00 26,512.00

TK #6 Grant Development & Community Outreach Total 29,000.00 28,879.00 28,879.00 26,512.00

Unallocated to Grants

Balance 402 funds 29,168.00 0.00

Unallocated to Grants Total 29,168.00 0.00

402 Total 109,000.00 111,047.00 81,879.00 67,604.00 405 TK #1 CPS


OP-07-01 CACS 25,000.00 25,000.00 24,999.00

OP-07-02 MDCH 180,000.00 180,000.00 176,549.00

OP-07-03 Marquette CSO 100,000.00 100,000.00 96,741.00

OP-07-05 UofM-C.S. Mott 45,000.00 45,000.00 44,999.00

TK #1 CPS Total 350,000.00 350,000.00 350,000.00 343,288.00

TK #2 PI&E


OP-07-06 CMU 13,973.00 13,973.00 13,973.00

TK #2 PI&E Total 14,000.00 13,973.00 13,973.00 13,973.00

TK #4 Evaluation


OP-07-04 WSU 137,587.00 137,587.00 113,901.00


TK #5 Crash Records


TK #5 Crash Records Total 10,000.00 0.00


Balance 405 funds 1,171,070.00 0.00

Unallocated to Grants Total 1,171,070.00 0.00

405 Total 512,000.00 1,672,630.00 501,560.00 471,162.00 157 Inc

TK #1 CPS


OP-07-05 UofM-C.S. Mott 2,000.00 2,000.00 2,000.00

TK #1 CPS Total 2,000.00 2,000.00 2,000.00 2,000.00

TK #3 Network Outreach


OP-07-07 MSU 50,000.00 50,000.00 32,853.00

TK #3 Network Outreach Total 50,000.00 50,000.00 50,000.00 32,853.00

157 Inc Total 52,000.00 52,000.00 52,000.00 34,853.00 405-PM


Balance 405 funds 0.00 0.00

Unallocated to Grants Total 0.00 0.00

405-PM Total 0.00 0.00 OP Total 673,000.00 1,835,677.00 635,439.00 573,619.00 AL 163 TK #3 Enforcement Support


AL-05-05 MSP- Tox Lab 20,936.00 20,936.00 20,936.00

TK #3 Enforcement Support Total 21,000.00 20,936.00 20,936.00 20,936.00

163 Total 21,000.00 20,936.00 20,936.00 20,936.00 402 TK #1 Alcohol-Impaired Driving Enforcement

Planned Amount 53,000.00 0.00 0.00

AL-06-06 Holland PD 9,990.00 9,990.00 9,966.00

AL-06-07 Monroe CSO 11,028.00 11,028.00 10,866.00

AL-06-09 Lansing PD 15,154.00 15,154.00 8,856.00

AL-06-08 Marquette PD 15,758.00 15,758.00 2,186.00

TK #1 Alcohol-Impaired Driving Enforcement Total 53,000.00 51,930.00 51,930.00 31,874.00



STATUS REPORT 65

Prog Area


Total Pd


CP-07-03 OHSP 14,937.00 14,937.00 13,087.00



Balance 402 funds 2,275.00 0.00


402 Total 68,000.00 69,142.00 66,867.00 44,961.00 410 TK #1 Alcohol-Impaired Driving Enforcement


CP-07-03 OHSP 0.00 0.00 0.00

PT-07-02 WMU 170,000.00 170,000.00 117,557.00

CP-07-02 OHSP 50,000.00 50,000.00 38,994.00

AL-06-25 Offi ce of Genesee Cty Prosecutor

200,072.00 200,072.00 107,840.00

TK #1 Alcohol-Impaired Driving Enforcement Total 421,000.00 420,072.00 420,072.00 264,391.00

TK #2 Enforcement of Underage Drinking Laws


AL-07-06 Traverse City PD 17,478.00 17,478.00 17,032.00

AL-07-07 Grosse Ile PD 30,000.00 30,000.00 27,582.00

AL-07-08 Isabella CSO 17,492.00 17,492.00 17,492.00

AL-07-09 Detroit PD 17,486.00 17,486.00 17,486.00

AL-07-10 Calhoun CSO 17,440.00 17,440.00 10,473.00

AL-07-11 Grand Blanc Twp PD 24,472.00 24,472.00 23,928.00

AL-07-12 Big Rapids DPS 17,500.00 17,500.00 12,873.00

AL-07-13 Fraser DPS 24,964.00 24,964.00 21,700.00

AL-07-14 Saugatuck-Douglas PD 19,794.00 19,794.00 10,526.00

AL-07-16 Saginaw CSO 17,449.00 17,449.00 16,968.00

AL-07-17 Jackson TIA 24,436.00 24,436.00 15,002.00

AL-07-18 Delta CSO 7,494.00 7,494.00 7,494.00

AL-07-19 Hillsdale CSO 15,039.00 15,039.00 10,688.00

AL-07-20 Ionia CSO 17,500.00 17,500.00 14,075.00

AL-07-21 Washtenaw CSO 16,669.00 16,669.00 9,291.00

AL-07-22 Marquette CSO 24,473.00 24,473.00 17,238.00

AL-07-23 Novi PD 25,000.00 25,000.00 21,626.00

AL-07-15 Lenawee CSO 25,000.00 25,000.00 18,540.00

AL-07-25 Alger CSO 12,462.00 12,462.00 11,094.00

AL-07-24 St. Ignace PD 17,500.00 17,500.00 6,091.00

AL-07-31 Lapeer CSO 14,989.00 14,989.00 14,932.00

AL-07-32 Sanilac CSO 14,978.00 14,978.00 14,144.00

AL-07-29 Gogebic CSO 5,000.00 5,000.00 2,848.00

AL-07-28 Manistique CSO 12,530.00 12,530.00 8,658.00

AL-07-27 Clinton CSO 12,485.00 12,485.00 12,485.00

AL-07-26 Troy PD 25,000.00 25,000.00 9,661.00

AL-07-35 Muskegon CSO 12,478.00 12,478.00 2,895.00

AL-07-34 Sault Ste Marie 24,494.00 24,494.00 24,494.00

AL-07-33 Luce CSO 12,495.00 12,495.00 12,140.00

AL-07-36 Meridian Twp PD 24,498.00 24,498.00 24,491.00

AL-07-39 Manistee PD 24,500.00 24,500.00 20,141.00

AL-07-37 Livingston CSO 12,462.00 12,462.00 11,558.00

AL-07-38 Wyoming PD 24,463.00 24,463.00 24,228.00

AL-07-40 Alpena CSO 17,456.00 17,456.00 16,527.00

AL-07-41 Menominee PD 12,366.00 12,366.00 6,284.00

AL-07-42 Westland PD 24,978.00 24,978.00 22,733.00

AL-07-43 Macomb CSO 24,999.00 24,999.00 21,190.00

AL-07-44 Benton Harbor PD 12,499.00 12,499.00 9,762.00

TK #2 Enforcement of Underage Drinking Laws Total

790,000.00 702,318.00 702,318.00 566,370.00

TK #3 Enforcement Support


AL-07-05 MPHI 150,488.00 150,488.00 150,353.00

CP-07-02 OHSP 30,000.00 30,000.00 22,306.00

AL-05-05 MSP- Tox Lab 738,283.00 738,283.00 255,953.00

TK #3 Enforcement Support Total 918,000.00 918,771.00 918,771.00 428,612.00

TK #4 Adjudication


AL-06-04 SCAO 54,772.00 54,772.00 54,772.00

AL-06-27 SCAO 65,759.00 65,759.00 57,593.00


66 STATUS REPORT

Prog Area


Total Pd

AL-07-01 PAAM 289,981.00 289,981.00 255,277.00

AL-07-02 MJI 29,678.00 29,678.00 10,997.00

AL-07-03 UMTRI 85,000.00 85,000.00 46,224.00

CP-07-03 OHSP 10,000.00 10,000.00 2,696.00

TK #4 Adjudication Total 632,000.00 535,190.00 535,190.00 427,559.00

TK #5 Public Information & Education


CP-07-02 OHSP 100,000.00 100,000.00 52,771.00

TK #5 Public Information & Education Total 100,000.00 100,000.00 100,000.00 52,771.00

TK #6 Network Outreach


AL-07-04 MDCH 236,716.00 236,716.00 236,699.00

CP-07-03 OHSP 8,000.00 8,000.00 3,766.00

AL-07-30 MADD 11,533.00 11,533.00 11,533.00

TK #6 Network Outreach Total 261,000.00 256,249.00 256,249.00 251,998.00

TK #7 Crash Records


TK #7 Crash Records Total 10,000.00 0.00


Balance 410 funds 3,050,116.00 0.00


410 Total 3,132,000.00 5,982,716.00 2,932,600.00 1,991,701.00 410-PM Unallocated to Grants



410-PM Total 0.00 0.00

AL Total 3,221,000.00 6,072,794.00 3,020,403.00 2,057,598.00 PT 163 TK #1 Overtime Enforcement


PT-07-21 MSP 137,568.00 137,568.00 137,568.00

TK #1 Overtime Enforcement Total 138,000.00 137,568.00 137,568.00 137,568.00


Balance 163 funds 14,690.00 0.00


163 Total 138,000.00 152,258.00 137,568.00 137,568.00 402 TK #1 Overtime Enforcement

Planned Amount 3,517,000.00 0.00

CP-07-03 OHSP 20,000.00 20,000.00 7,031.00

PT-07-01 Eaton CSO 35,000.00 35,000.00 24,484.00

PT-07-02 WMU 74,916.00 74,916.00 65,019.00

PT-07-03 Sanilac CSO 14,988.00 14,988.00 12,124.00

PT-07-04 Hillsdale CSO 12,021.00 12,021.00 11,552.00

PT-07-06 Oceana CSO 14,999.00 14,999.00 14,999.00

PT-07-07 Saginaw CSO 35,845.00 35,845.00 32,997.00

PT-07-09 Monroe CSO 69,997.00 69,997.00 69,997.00

PT-07-10 Lapeer CSO 39,995.00 39,995.00 36,025.00

PT-07-11 Burton PD 123,401.00 123,401.00 100,282.00

PT-07-12 Ogemaw CSO 18,232.00 18,232.00 11,420.00

PT-07-13 Jackson TIA 29,984.00 29,984.00 27,628.00

PT-07-14 Detroit PD 299,982.00 299,982.00 299,982.00

PT-07-15 Barry CSO 12,136.00 12,136.00 11,965.00

PT-07-16 Lenawee CSO 50,000.00 50,000.00 47,825.00

PT-07-17 Calhoun CSO 24,993.00 24,993.00 17,524.00

PT-07-18 Isabella CSO 34,972.00 34,972.00 34,972.00

PT-07-19 Clinton CSO 35,005.00 35,005.00 35,000.00

PT-07-20 TIA of Oakland 250,000.00 250,000.00 231,306.00

PT-07-21 MSP 859,920.00 859,920.00 859,920.00

PT-07-22 Macomb CSO 200,000.00 200,000.00 170,535.00

PT-07-23 Allegan CSO 45,000.00 45,000.00 36,370.00

PT-07-24 Wayne CSO 324,995.00 324,995.00 316,941.00

PT-07-25 Marquette CSO 22,500.00 22,500.00 21,509.00

PT-07-26 Delta CSO 12,498.00 12,498.00 12,204.00

PT-07-27 St. Clair CSO 49,999.00 49,999.00 49,999.00

PT-07-28 Holland PD 47,047.00 47,047.00 46,419.00

PT-07-29 Livingston CSO 34,984.00 34,984.00 26,792.00

PT-07-30 Lansing PD 74,972.00 74,972.00 66,029.00

PT-07-31 Midland PD 29,977.00 29,977.00 29,977.00

PT-07-35 Van Buren CSO 26,950.00 26,950.00 22,981.00

PT-07-34 Washtenaw CSO 69,841.00 69,841.00 46,077.00


STATUS REPORT 67

Prog Area


Total Pd

PT-07-33 Wyoming PD 214,981.00 214,981.00 167,677.00

PT-07-37 Grand Traverse CSO 44,990.00 44,990.00 39,203.00

PT-07-41 Shiawassee CSO 34,984.00 34,984.00 34,709.00

PT-07-40 Bay CSO 34,997.00 34,997.00 30,481.00

PT-07-46 Cass CSO 12,000.00 12,000.00 10,780.00

CP-07-02 OHSP 17,000.00 17,000.00 5,138.00

PT-07-48 Alpena CSO 11,959.00 11,959.00 11,908.00

PT-07-39 Montcalm CSO 12,448.00 12,448.00 11,986.00

PT-07-05 Ludington PD 17,031.00 17,031.00 17,014.00

PT-07-51 Muskegon CSO 51,834.00 51,834.00 38,009.00

PT-07-56 Menominee PD 18,474.00 18,474.00 15,444.00

PT-07-68 St. Ignace PD 24,989.00 24,989.00 11,478.00

PT-07-72 Manistique CSO 21,933.00 21,933.00 9,196.00

TK #1 Overtime Enforcement Total 3,517,000.00 3,512,769.00 3,512,769.00 3,200,908.00

TK #2 Law Enforcement Coordination


PT-07-08 MPHI 264,450.00 264,450.00 258,466.00

TK #2 Law Enforcement Coordination Total 265,000.00 264,450.00 264,450.00 258,466.00

TK #3 Recognition and Incentive Programs


PT-06-59 Harper Woods PD 5,000.00 5,000.00 4,997.00

PT-06-72 Fenton PD 10,000.00 10,000.00 10,000.00

CP-07-03 OHSP 35,000.00 35,000.00 15,286.00

PT-07-32 Marysville PD 10,000.00 10,000.00 10,000.00

PT-07-36 Saline PD 5,000.00 5,000.00 5,000.00

PT-07-38 Saginaw Twp PD 4,998.00 4,998.00 4,998.00

PT-07-49 U of M DPS 9,841.00 9,841.00 9,841.00

PT-07-52 Alma PD 35,000.00 35,000.00 35,000.00

PT-07-53 Muskegon CSO 6,000.00 6,000.00 5,475.00

PT-07-57 Novi PD 6,000.00 6,000.00 6,000.00

PT-07-55 Sturgis PD 6,000.00 6,000.00 6,000.00

PT-07-65 Walker PD 10,000.00 10,000.00 10,000.00

PT-07-64 Van Buren Twp PD 6,000.00 6,000.00 6,000.00

PT-07-62 Memphis PD 5,998.00 5,998.00 5,955.00

PT-07-63 Dowagiac PD 6,000.00 6,000.00 6,000.00

PT-07-69 Farmington Hills PD 6,000.00 6,000.00 6,000.00

TK #3 Recognition and Incentive Programs Total 172,000.00 166,837.00 166,837.00 146,552.00

TK #4 Enforcement Visibility


TK #4 Enforcement Visibility Total 90,000.00 0.00

TK #5 Enforcement Planning


PT-07-43 WSU 48,000.00 48,000.00 46,542.00

TK #5 Enforcement Planning Total 68,000.00 48,000.00 48,000.00 46,542.00

TK #6 Evaluation


CP-07-03 OHSP 100,000.00 100,000.00 30,600.00




CP-07-03 OHSP 1,331,405.00 1,331,405.00 1,238,694.00

TK #7 Grant Development & Community Outreach Total 1,337,000.00 1,331,405.00 1,331,405.00 1,238,694.00


Balance 402 funds 189,209.00 0.00


402 Total 5,549,000.00 5,612,670.00 5,423,461.00 4,921,762.00 405 TK #1 Overtime Enforcement


PT-07-21 MSP 271,901.00 271,901.00 271,901.00




PT-07-40 Bay CSO 5,000.00 5,000.00 3,694.00

PT-07-42 Westland PD 5,000.00 5,000.00 5,000.00

PT-07-50 Augusta PD 9,905.00 9,905.00 9,225.00

PT-07-60 Manistee CSO 5,000.00 5,000.00 5,000.00


68 STATUS REPORT

Prog Area


Total Pd

PT-07-71 Belding PD 5,000.00 5,000.00 4,995.00




CP-07-02 OHSP 160,000.00 160,000.00 102,389.00

TK #4 Enforcement Visibility Total 160,000.00 160,000.00 160,000.00 102,389.00

405 Total 500,000.00 461,806.00 461,806.00 402,204.00 406 Unallocated to Grants

Balance 406 funds 5,292,856.00 0.00


406 Total 5,292,856.00 0.00 410 TK #1 Overtime Enforcement


PT-07-21 MSP 192,401.00 192,401.00 192,401.00




PT-07-45 Detroit PD 4,983.00 4,983.00 4,983.00

PT-07-44 Farmington DPS 5,000.00 5,000.00 5,000.00

PT-07-47 Lakeview PD 5,000.00 5,000.00 5,000.00

PT-07-58 St. Joseph CSO 4,985.00 4,985.00 4,985.00

PT-07-66 St. Ignace PD 4,962.00 4,962.00 4,962.00




CP-07-02 OHSP 95,000.00 95,000.00 90,633.00


410 Total 320,000.00 312,331.00 312,331.00 307,964.00 157 Inc TK #1 Overtime Enforcement


PT-07-54 Cheboygan CSO 14,003.00 14,003.00 13,278.00

PT-07-59 St. Joseph CSO 30,077.00 30,077.00 27,199.00

PT-07-61 Roscommon CSO 18,467.00 18,467.00 18,100.00

PT-07-67 Ionia CSO 34,971.00 34,971.00 32,105.00

PT-07-75 Chippewa CSO 18,990.00 18,990.00 15,366.00

PT-07-74 Berrien CSO 29,851.00 29,851.00 15,526.00

PT-07-73 Wexford CSO 18,376.00 18,376.00 15,780.00

PT-07-70 Iron Mt PD 19,608.00 19,608.00 13,444.00



Balance 157 Inc funds 303,117.00 0.00


157 Inc Total 300,000.00 487,460.00 184,343.00 150,798.00 402-PM Unallocated to Grants



402-PM Total 0.00 0.00 405-PM TK #4 Enforcement Visibility


CP-07-02 OHSP 1,200,000.00 1,200,000.00 34,450.00

TK #4 Enforcement Visibility Total 1,200,000.00 1,200,000.00 1,200,000.00 34,450.00

405-PM Total 1,200,000.00 1,200,000.00 1,200,000.00 34,450.00 410-PM TK #4 Enforcement Visibility


CP-07-02 OHSP 800,000.00 800,000.00 785,213.00


410-PM Total 800,000.00 800,000.00 800,000.00 785,213.00 PT Total 8,807,000.00 14,319,381.00 8,519,509.00 6,739,959.00 PS 402 TK #1 Bicycle Safety


PS-07-01 MDCH 75,000.00 75,000.00 74,933.00

TK #1 Bicycle Safety Total 75,000.00 75,000.00 75,000.00 74,933.00



CP-07-03 OHSP 25,891.00 25,891.00 23,371.00




STATUS REPORT 69

Prog Area


Total Pd

Balance 402 funds 2,823.00 0.00


402 Total 101,000.00 103,714.00 100,891.00 98,304.00 PS Total 101,000.00 103,714.00 100,891.00 98,304.00 TR 163 TK #1 Crash Data


TR-07-04 MDOT 200,000.00 200,000.00 0.00

TK #1 Crash Data Total 200,000.00 200,000.00 200,000.00 0.00

TK #2 Citation and Arrest Data


TR-07-02 SCAO 156,750.00 156,750.00 156,750.00

TR-06-02 Dept. of State 727,331.00 727,331.00 622,897.00

TK #2 Citation and Arrest Data Total 957,000.00 884,081.00 884,081.00 779,647.00

TK #5 UD-10 Trainer


TR-07-03 MSP 189,975.00 189,975.00 48,610.00

TK #5 UD-10 Trainer Total 190,000.00 189,975.00 189,975.00 48,610.00

163 Total 1,347,000.00 1,274,056.00 1,274,056.00 828,257.00 402 TK #1 Crash Data


TR-07-01 UMTRI 190,000.00 190,000.00 189,999.00

TK #1 Crash Data Total 190,000.00 190,000.00 190,000.00 189,999.00



CP-07-03 OHSP 64,728.00 64,728.00 59,832.00



Balance 402 funds 8,223.00 0.00


402 Total 255,000.00 262,951.00 254,728.00 249,831.00 406 TK #4 Electronic Data Capture


TK #4 Electronic Data Capture Total 2,010,000.00 0.00

406 Total 2,010,000.00 0.00 408 TK #1 Crash Data


TR-07-04 MDOT 400,000.00 400,000.00 0.00

TK #1 Crash Data Total 400,000.00 400,000.00 400,000.00 0.00



TR-07-02 SCAO 500,000.00 500,000.00 500,000.00

TK #2 Citation and Arrest Data Total 500,000.00 500,000.00 500,000.00 500,000.00


Balance 408 funds 918,778.00 0.00


408 Total 900,000.00 1,818,778.00 900,000.00 500,000.00

157 Inc TK #1 Crash Data

Planned Amount 0.00 0.00

TK #1 Crash Data Total 0.00 0.00



TR-07-02 SCAO 1,500,000.00 1,500,000.00 1,500,000.00

TK #2 Citation and Arrest Data Total 1,500,000.00 1,500,000.00 1,500,000.00 1,500,000.00

157 Inc Total 1,500,000.00 1,500,000.00 1,500,000.00 1,500,000.00 TR Total 6,012,000.00 4,855,785.00 3,928,784.00 3,078,088.00 CP 402 TK #1 Public Information & Education


CP-07-04 MSP 215,779.00 215,779.00 164,678.00

CP-07-02 OHSP 240,000.00 240,000.00 134,124.00


TK #2 Safe Communities


CP-07-01 Huron Behavioral Health

5,000.00 5,000.00 5,000.00

CP-07-03 OHSP 10,000.00 10,000.00 0.00

CP-07-05 Detroit PD 200,000.00 200,000.00 36,649.00

CP-07-06 Sturgis Youth & Family Council

5,000.00 5,000.00 5,000.00

TK #2 Safe Communities Total 260,000.00 220,000.00 220,000.00 46,649.00


70 STATUS REPORT

Prog Area


Total Pd

TK #3 Corporate Outreach


CP-07-02 OHSP 30,000.00 30,000.00 0.00

TK #3 Corporate Outreach Total 40,000.00 30,000.00 30,000.00 0.00

TK #4 CPS


CP-07-02 OHSP 45,000.00 45,000.00 29,517.00

TK #4 CPS Total 50,000.00 45,000.00 45,000.00 29,517.00



CP-07-03 OHSP 294,762.00 294,762.00 273,915.00



Balance 402 funds 93,213.00 0.00


402 Total 1,102,000.00 1,138,754.00 1,045,541.00 648,883.00 405 TK #1 Public Information & Education


CP-07-02 OHSP 43,000.00 43,000.00 37,524.00


405 Total 43,000.00 43,000.00 43,000.00 37,524.00 CP Total 1,145,000.00 1,181,754.00 1,088,541.00 686,407.00 RS 402 TK #1 Local Safety Analysis


RS-07-01 WSU 100,000.00 100,000.00 100,000.00

TK #1 Local Safety Analysis Total 100,000.00 100,000.00 100,000.00 100,000.00



CP-07-03 OHSP 34,854.00 34,854.00 31,785.00



Balance 402 funds 3,431.00 0.00


402 Total 135,000.00 138,285.00 134,854.00 131,785.00 408 TK #3 Facilitated Roadway Features Session


TK #3 Facilitated Roadway Features Session Total 75,000.00 0.00

408 Total 75,000.00 0.00 RS Total 210,000.00 138,285.00 134,854.00 131,785.00 DE 402 TK #1 Senior Mobility


TK #1 Senior Mobility Total 50,000.00 0.00



CP-07-03 OHSP 17,925.00 17,925.00 15,893.00


TK #3 Improving Driver Education


TK #3 Improving Driver Education Total 60,000.00 0.00


Balance 402 funds 51,217.00 0.00


402 Total 128,000.00 69,142.00 17,925.00 15,893.00 DE Total 128,000.00 69,142.00 17,925.00 15,893.00 MC 402 TK #1 Public Information & Education


CP-07-02 OHSP 30,000.00 30,000.00 3,362.00




CP-07-03 OHSP 11,950.00 11,950.00 10,284.00





402 Total 42,000.00 41,950.00 41,950.00 13,646.00 2010 TK #2 Training


MC-07-01 MPHI 85,627.00 85,627.00 76,957.00

MC-07-02 Dept. of State 79,464.00 79,464.00 79,464.00


STATUS REPORT 71

Prog Area


Total Pd

TK #2 Training Total 170,000.00 165,091.00 165,091.00 156,421.00


Balance 2010 funds 158,328.00 0.00


2010 Total 170,000.00 323,419.00 165,091.00 156,421.00 MC Total 212,000.00 365,369.00 207,041.00 170,067.00 EM 163 TK #2 Medical Records


EM-07-02 MDCH 200,000.00 200,000.00 117,321.00

TK #2 Medical Records Total 200,000.00 200,000.00 200,000.00 117,321.00

163 Total 200,000.00 200,000.00 200,000.00 117,321.00 402 TK #1 Assessment


EM-07-01 MDCH 25,000.00 25,000.00 17,653.00

TK #1 Assessment Total 25,000.00 25,000.00 25,000.00 17,653.00



CP-07-03 OHSP 9,958.00 9,958.00 8,415.00





402 Total 35,000.00 34,958.00 34,958.00 26,068.00 408 TK #2 Medical Records


EM-07-02 MDCH 300,000.00 300,000.00 0.00

TK #2 Medical Records Total 350,000.00 300,000.00 300,000.00 0.00

408 Total 350,000.00 300,000.00 300,000.00 0.00 EM Total 585,000.00 534,958.00 534,958.00 143,389.00 PA 402 TK #1 Planning and Administration


PA-07-01 OHSP 522,951.00 522,951.00 496,117.00

TK #1 Planning and Administration Total 691,000.00 522,951.00 522,951.00 496,117.00


Balance 402 funds 200,949.00 0.00


402 Total 691,000.00 723,900.00 522,951.00 496,117.00 PA Total 691,000.00 723,900.00 522,951.00 496,117.00 Grand Total

21,785,000.00 30,200,759.00 18,711,296.00 14,191,226.00

Fund Planned Amt Obligated Amt Approved Grants

Total Paid

Total 402 w/o PM 8,215,000.00 8,306,513.00 7,726,005.00 6,714,854.00

Total 402 PM 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00

Total 405 w/o PM 1,055,000.00 2,177,436.00 1,006,366.00 910,890.00

Total 405 PM 1,200,000.00 1,200,000.00 1,200,000.00 34,450.00

Total 410 w/o PM 3,452,000.00 6,295,047.00 3,244,931.00 2,299,665.00

Total 410 PM 800,000.00 800,000.00 800,000.00 785,213.00

Total 157 Incentive 1,852,000.00 2,039,460.00 1,736,343.00 1,685,651.00

Total 406 2,010,000.00 5,292,856.00 0.00 0.00

Total 408 1,325,000.00 2,118,778.00 1,200,000.00 500,000.00

Total 2010 170,000.00 323,419.00 165,091.00 156,421.00

Total NHTSA GTS Funds 20,079,000.00 28,553,509.00 17,078,736.00 13,087,144.00

Total 163 1,706,000.00 1,647,250.00 1,632,560.00 1,104,082.00

Total All Funds 21,785,000.00 30,200,759.00 18,711,296.00 14,191,226.00


72 ACRONYMS

DEFINITIONS FOR ACRONYMS USED IN THE 2006 ANNUAL EVALUATION REPORT

BAC Blood Alcohol Concentration

CPS Child Passenger Safety

DMSTF Drive Michigan Safety Task Force

DUI Driving Under the Infl uence

GTSAC Governor’s Traffi c Safety Advisory Commission

KA Based on injury severity scale tor traffi c crash-related injuries.

K-level injuries refer to injuries that result in death within 90 days of the incident.

A-level injuries refer to incapacitating injuries.

LEL Law Enforcement Liaison

MADD Mothers Against Drunk Driving

MCRUD Michigan Coalition to Reduce Underage Drinking

MDCH Michigan Department of Community Health

MIP Minor in Possession

MPO Metropolitan Planning Organization

MSP Michigan State Police

MTSC Michigan Truck Safety Commission

NHTSA National Highway Traffi c Safety Administration

OHSP Offi ce of Highway Safety Planning

PAAM Prosecuting Attorneys Association of Michigan

PBT Preliminary Breath Test

PSA Public Service Announcement

UMTRI University of Michigan Transportation Research Institute

VMT Vehicle Miles Traveled

Acronyms

Michigan Department of State Police / Offi ce of Highway Safety Planning

4000 Collins Road, P. O. Box 30633

Lansing, Michigan 48909-8133

www.michigan.gov/ohsp

Not paid for with State funds.

Paid for with funding from the U.S. Department of Transportation

the faces of safetyticipate in a pilot project to promote electronic crash data (ud-10) submission,...

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