the family family is center of society more important than the individual or nation 1 st...
TRANSCRIPT
Family and Dynasty in China
The Family• Family is center of society• More important than the
individual or nation• 1st responsibility is
always to the family• Household• Can have up to 5
generations• Included extended
family
• Rich-lived in large house• Most Poor-farming
villages-1 room cottages
The Family• Power & privilege in the
family• Belonged to oldest male
• He decided marriages• Punished family
members
• When he died, power divided among sons
• Family Names• First people to use 2 names• Individual name and family
name• Family name comes first• Emphasizes importance of
family
• Heaven grants a ruler the right to rule• Mandate based on rulers ability to govern well and fairly• Could only rule so long as they were good and just rulers
• Mandate could be taken away and given to another family• Ruler becomes selfish• Ruler becomes corrupt• Natural disasters happen• Mandate would be taken away
• Rebellion happens• If successful, it shows the Mandate was moved
Heaven bestows its mandate on a just ruler, so long as he remains so.
Xia (Hsia) Dynasty10,000-5,000 BCE
• China’s first political dynasty• Founded by the Xi
clan• “Great Engineer” Yu
founder
•No written records• Settled along the
Yellow River
Shang Dynasty 1700-1100 BCEZhou Dynasty 1100-250 BCE
• Cities• Surrounded by walls• Society divided between rulers, priests, warriors,
merchants/craftsmen, and peasants
• Major Developments• Built roads and canals• Began using bronze• Developed literature, studied astronomy, and created
art, First writing system.• China’s first organized armies
• Chopsticks invented
• Religion• Ancestor worship• Practiced human sacrifice
Shang
Zhou
• Founded by Qin Shihuangdi• 1st man to control all of China• Established Bureaucracy• Legalist society• Standardized government• Laws applied to all people• Built roads, canals, bridges, worked on the Great Wall,
created terra cotta soldiers• Used censorship/Suppression of information and public
speech.• Burned books and cut education
Qin Dynasty 221-206 BCE
Qin
• Han a peasant who led revolt and became Emperor• Silk Road began
• Trade route from China to the West• Exchange of goods and ideas
• Scientific Progress• Invented acupuncture, paper, and a seismograph
• Tombs• Buried with stuff for next world (clothes, food, money)
• Public Schools• Boys only• Education Key to good government• Civil Service Exam: test to work for government
• Religion• Buddhism introduced from India• Christianity introduced from the west
Han
Han Dynasty 200 BCE-200 CE
• 220-600CE Period of War and many rulers
• Tang Dynasty “Golden Age” of China• China very prosperous
• China reunited under Li family• High positions open to all, just
had to take a exam• Arts flourished w/people coming
from India and Korea to study.• Chang’an Capital City
established
Tang
Tang Dynasty 600-900 CE
Song Dynasty 960-1279 CE• China’s “Age of Invention”• Created Standing Navy• Used to fight pirates
• Gun powder first used• Invented magnetic compass• Seismograph• Rice and Tea become popular• Capital Hangzhou largest city in
world at time• Marco Polo in China• Fascinated with Song• Rainbow Bridge, wouldn’t was
away.
Song
Ming Dynasty 1368-1644 CE• Time of adventure and travel• Wealthy traders• Brought back treasures from
Korea and Japan• Folding fan
• Exported art works and porcelain all over world. (Vases at Biltmore)
• Finished Great Wall• Forbidden City built (Beijing)• 980 buildings on 180 acres• Worlds largest palace complex• 1m workers built over 14 years• Ming Capital
Ming
Mongols
• Nomads from Asian Steppe• Traders and herdsman• Small groups, very poor, lead
by chiefs (Khans)• 1162 Temuchin born• 1206 becomes sole leader of
Mongols• Given title of Genghis Khan, The
Khan of Khans
• Mongols become warrior people• Conquer almost all of Asia
Mongols