the gender wealth gap louis boakye-yiadom university of ghana/the gender asset gap project world...
TRANSCRIPT
The Gender Wealth Gap
Louis Boakye-YiadomUniversity of Ghana/The Gender Asset Gap Project
World Bank Workshop on Gender and Assets14 June 2012
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Outline
•The gender wealth gap – basic concept• The gender wealth gap – findings from Ecuador, Ghana, and Karnataka (India);•The gender wealth gap, using a modified measure;•Summary of findings and concluding thoughts.
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The Gender Wealth Gap – Basic Concept
The gender wealth gap• Females’ share of the value of assets;• Incorporates both quantity and quality
dimensions;• Limitation:
Focuses only on owners of assets
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Ecuador Ghana Karnataka0.0
10.0
20.0
30.0
40.0
50.0
60.0
70.0
80.0
90.0
46.7
69.7
81.0
53.3
30.3
19.0
Gender Shares (%) of Total Gross Physical Wealth
Share (%) of males in physical wealth Share (%) of females in physical wealth
Country/State
Shar
e (%
) of G
ross
Phy
sica
l Wea
lth
5
Ecuador Ghana Karnataka0.0
10.0
20.0
30.0
40.0
50.0
60.0
70.0
80.0
61.1
67.7
74.0
38.9
32.3
26.0
Gender Shares (%) of Gross Financial Wealth
Share (%) of males in financial wealth Share (%) of females in financial wealth
Country/State
Shar
e (%
) of F
inan
cila
Wea
lth
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Principal Residence Agricultural Land Other Real Estate Livestock Ag Equipment & Installations
Businesses Consumer Durables All0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
43.348.7
45.0 43.7
63.8 66.8
50.446.7
56.751.3
55.0 56.3
36.2 33.2
49.653.3
Share (%) of Value of Physical Assets, by Sex; Ecuador
Males' share of value Females' share of value
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Principal Residence Agricultural Land Other Real Estate Livestock Ag Equipment & Installations
Businesses Consumer Durables
All0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
63.3
74.178.8
86.192.9
61.768.5 69.7
36.7
25.921.2
13.97.1
38.331.5 30.3
Share (%) of Value of Physical Assets, by Sex; Ghana
Males' share of value Females' share of value
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Principal Residence Agricultural Land Other Real Estate Livestock Ag Equipment & Installations
Businesses Consumer Durables All0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
77.0
88.084.0
54.062.0
95.0
49.0
81.0
23.0
12.016.0
46.038.0
5.0
51.0
19.0
Share (%) of Value of Physical Assets, by Sex; Karnataka
Males' share of value Females' share of value
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Ecuador Ghana Karnataka0.0
10.0
20.0
30.0
40.0
50.0
60.0
70.0
59.3 58.8
62.5
55.8
46.1 45.5
53.9
50.3
29.8
56.6
40.9
26.0
52.1
28.2
16.0
Females' Share (%) of Gross Physical Wealth, by Quintile
Poorest Second Third Fourth Richest
Fem
ales
' Sha
re (%
) of G
ross
Phy
sical
Wea
lth
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The Gender Wealth Gap,Using a Modified Measure
• MeasureG = Fw – Fp, where
Fw: Females’ share of wealth
Fp: Females’ share of the population
G=0: An absence of a gender wealth gapG<0: A gender wealth gap in favour of malesG>0: A gender wealth gap in favour of females
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The Gender Wealth Gap,Using a Modified Measure – Cont ...
Ecuador Ghana Karnataka
Females’ Share of Physical Wealth
0.533 .303 0.19
Females’ Share of the Population
0.518 .524 .523
Modified Gender Wealth Gap
0.02 -0.22 -0.33
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Key Findings
• Differences exist among the three countries in the gender wealth gaps for the various asset categories;•Females’ share of physical wealth is highest in the poorest quintile, but lowest in the richest quintile;• For Ghana and Karnataka, the size of the gender wealth gap is an indication that massive policy interventions are required to considerably bridge the gap.
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Thank You!