the global experience - weebly · 2018-04-04 · thru belgium to paris.. hopeful “knockout...
TRANSCRIPT
Chapter
AP* Sixth Edition
World Civilizations The Global Experience
World War I and Beyond Plus the Russian Revolution Corresponds to Ch 28 and Ch 29 (695-700) in the book
14
�2
1 - 14622 - 16133 - 17254 - 17965 - 1914
Russia Remains Rare w/ Romanov Absolutism
-Alexander III -Few reforms - Many Russians still living oppressed serf life bound to land
Russification - forced nationalism with Russia….Russian language and Church only…Jews & others persecuted.
-Nicholas IIJapanese Wars….Losses in Manchuria and Korea….Japan! Japan beating Russia! OUCH!
Bloody Sunday - 1905 shoots reform protesters
-Disbanded Parliament….Absolutism continues…
-Revolution….on deck!
Triple EntenteFrance & Russia
(world biggest army, but best?) & Britain
Central PowersGermany
Austria-HungaryItaly
*Ottoman Empire
Alliance System Grows“We got your back Jack!”
Alliances begin after Germany takes part of Eastern France. France allies w/ Russia to “sandwich” Germany, then Britain joins
Franco-Russian Alliance as Germany become Britain biggest European
Industrial Rival….
Powder Keg - BalkansCrossroads Muslims, Orthodox
and Catholic Christians
Serbia - Orthodox and allied with Russia
The Spark.....Austrian Archduke
Ferdinand in Sarajevo killed by Serbian Gavrilo
Princip in 1914Austria declares war on Serbia, who is allied to Russia..others
forced into WW I
Plans and Expectations-Short war…Home by Xmas!
-German Plans - Schlieffen PlanThru Belgium to Paris.. hopeful
“knockout punch” fed by great rail system
Belgium’s alliance with Britain, brings them in to war.
-American Isolationism - Stay out…make $$ from both
sides.
-1915 German submarines sink British Lusitania....100
Americans on board....Anti-German sentiment rises.
to stay out and make a buck!
War’s Beginnings
-1915 Germany advances quickly nearly taking Paris....French saved by the Miracle of the
Marne.....and Parisian Taxis...Video
American Sentiment
Post Marne Miracle - 1915 and beyond...
Western Front- British and French v. GermanyTrench Warfare“Going over the top” into “No Man’s Land”
Eastern Front-Russians v. Germany, A-H, OttomansMore Mobile, still very bloody…million of Russian losses
Southern Front - Italy losses…change sides to Entente!
Germany Provokes America!
-1916-17 German subs sink American trading vessels suppling Entente
-1917 Zimmerman Telegram -Decoded German message to Mexico to join them. Germany will support Mexico taking back the American SW. Authentic?
-1917 - A fresh America joins in the 4th Quarter against exhausted Germans. to help end this!
Unimaginable Deaths....
Near Wars End Impact....1917-1918
-The “Goat Government” - German generals install new government and pass failure to them
- Balfour Declaration - Britain supports Zionist Movement. Jews to Palestine for Jewish State. Nationalism!
-Russian Revolution Begins in 1917 - Russia Drops out.
-Women to Work - Women in factories working. Ties to woman’s rights movement in the West.
-Genocide - Turks upon Armenians - Christiansin Empire…blaming for war and losses…1.5m killed
German Gov’t
Treaty of Versailles Fails!
Outcomes at Versailles - FAILS-Forget Forgiveness! Huge German reparations - $$ to be paid-Austria-Hungary carved up.-Ignored Asians - Chinese call for autonomy ignored.…Japan expands-League of Nations (No USA)-Sliced up Ottomans by French/British
Post WWI Europe
Russian Revolution-Peasant revolts, no food
-Monarchy losing legitimacy-Huge losses of life.
Liberal Parliamentary Gov’t in.Alexander Karensky
Continue War with Allies…BIG FAIL.
Lenin’s Bolsheviks - “Peace, Land, Bread” on deck.“Peace” - Out of WWI - W. Russia to Germany
Red Army - Lenin’s Socialists (Bolsheviks) v. White Army - Supported by US, British…Distrust of West by
Bolsheviks grows…grows…
Totalitarianism - Absolute Rulefewer rights and liberties
Right WingFascism - “support” of aristocracy.
Keep class distinctions.-Hitler and Nazis in Germany-Mussolini’s Blackshirts in Italy
Left WingCommunism - Destroy class distinctionsSoviet Union - Lenin, then Stalin
-Mexican Revolution fought to:-rid foreign control-redistribute land-reign in corrupt leadersSome gains…1 million will die in 1910s-1930s
Mexican Revolution-Neocolonialism - new ECONOMIC imperialism. Foreign investments and support of dictators promising stability and profits for foreigners. Huge backlash among Latin Americans.
Land Problems -Opposite of US - No small tracts of land to people….
Mexican land to rich Americans, foreign investors, and titled Mexican aristocracy.
Corruption Problems - Leaders propped up by foreign capitalists, not supporting people
Military Intervention - US/others use force to support these new policies
India Reforms
Indian Struggles1. Rights for Indians - lots of discrimination
2. 75% Hindu & 25% Muslim
+ reformsEducated Indians - serve on elected councils
v.
-reforms - no freedom of presses
Way 1 - Violent Rebellion - BG TilakWay 2 - “Truth-Force” - Mohandas Ghandi
Other Post WWI Changes in 1920s
Turkey…independenceATATURK- West’s “Thataturk”!!!
-Establishes Turkey - Muslim, but Democratic
Egypt….dependenceBrits give some reform, not complete
Controlling cotton trade and Suez Canal too important
Ataturk