the great depression
DESCRIPTION
The Great Depression. November 26, 2012. Social Studies Warm-up #12. Vocabulary Boll Weevil Drought Economic Factors Great Depression New Deal Social Security Act (SSA) Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA) Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
The Great DepressionThe Great Depression
November 26, 2012November 26, 2012
Social Studies Warm-up #12 Social Studies Warm-up #12
VocabularyVocabulary Boll Weevil Boll Weevil Drought Drought Economic Factors Economic Factors Great Depression Great Depression New Deal New Deal Social Security Act (SSA) Social Security Act (SSA) Agricultural Adjustment Act Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA) (AAA) Civilian Conservation Corps Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) (CCC) Rural Electrification Rural Electrification [Administration] (REA[Administration] (REA
Lesson Essential Questions: Lesson Essential Questions:
1. How did the boll weevil and 1. How did the boll weevil and drought drought
impact Georgia? (SS8H8a) impact Georgia? (SS8H8a)
2. What factors led to the Great 2. What factors led to the Great Depression and how did it impact Depression and how did it impact Georgia? (SS8H8b) Georgia? (SS8H8b)
3. How did the New Deal programs 3. How did the New Deal programs impact impact
Georgia and American society? Georgia and American society? (SS8H8d) (SS8H8d)
4. How did the political career of 4. How did the political career of Eugene Talmadge impact Georgia?Eugene Talmadge impact Georgia?
After World War I…After World War I…
When World War I ended in 1918, a When World War I ended in 1918, a rebellion against the social and moral rebellion against the social and moral reforms happened in the U.S.reforms happened in the U.S.
The 1920s was a decade of huge The 1920s was a decade of huge social changessocial changes
It was a struggle between “old” and It was a struggle between “old” and “new” America“new” America– A more modern, urban culture battled A more modern, urban culture battled
against the old rural, traditional cultureagainst the old rural, traditional culture
The Roaring TwentiesThe Roaring Twenties
The popular image of the 1920s is of The popular image of the 1920s is of prosperity, bootleggers and gangsters, prosperity, bootleggers and gangsters, jazz, and dancersjazz, and dancers
However, the 20s were also a period of However, the 20s were also a period of deep social unrestdeep social unrest
Immigrants (Italians, Irish, etc.) were Immigrants (Italians, Irish, etc.) were discriminated againstdiscriminated against
Racial tensions ran high between blacks Racial tensions ran high between blacks and whitesand whites
Religious tensions increased with the Religious tensions increased with the debate over evolutiondebate over evolution
Georgia in the 1920sGeorgia in the 1920s For many Georgians, the 1920s was not a time for For many Georgians, the 1920s was not a time for
abundanceabundance The boll weevil, a type of beetle, was destroying The boll weevil, a type of beetle, was destroying
the cotton cropthe cotton crop It destroyed 1000s of acres of Georgia’s cotton It destroyed 1000s of acres of Georgia’s cotton
fieldsfields Drought also hit in 1924, which ruined many of Drought also hit in 1924, which ruined many of
Georgia’s other cropsGeorgia’s other crops Many farms failed and farm-related businesses Many farms failed and farm-related businesses
closed, which caused many farm workers to leave closed, which caused many farm workers to leave Georgia Georgia
This caused Georgia’s economy to sink into a This caused Georgia’s economy to sink into a depressiondepression
Causes of the Great Causes of the Great DepressionDepression
There were many, many factors that led There were many, many factors that led up to the Great Depressionup to the Great Depression
People had borrowed more money than People had borrowed more money than they could repaythey could repay
Factories had produced more goods than Factories had produced more goods than they could sellthey could sell
Farmers had overproduced their cropsFarmers had overproduced their crops People had been buying and selling in the People had been buying and selling in the
Stock Market, making the stocks higher Stock Market, making the stocks higher then what they were worththen what they were worth
The Stock Market CrashesThe Stock Market Crashes On a Thursday in October 1929, a huge wave of sell orders On a Thursday in October 1929, a huge wave of sell orders
shook the Stock Exchangeshook the Stock Exchange Stock prices plunged, but things recovered and got back on Stock prices plunged, but things recovered and got back on
tracktrack The next week, prices started falling again on MondayThe next week, prices started falling again on Monday On Tuesday, Oct. 29, 1929, there was a mad rush to sell as On Tuesday, Oct. 29, 1929, there was a mad rush to sell as
many stocks as possible causing the worst crash in the many stocks as possible causing the worst crash in the Stock Market’s historyStock Market’s history
Because people had borrowed money from banks to buy Because people had borrowed money from banks to buy stock, when the market crashed, they lost their money and stock, when the market crashed, they lost their money and could not repay the bankscould not repay the banks
Banks failed, people lost jobs because businesses closed, Banks failed, people lost jobs because businesses closed, then lost their homes because they could not pay their then lost their homes because they could not pay their mortgagemortgage
Franklin D. RooseveltFranklin D. Roosevelt In 1932, 3 years after the Depression In 1932, 3 years after the Depression
started, Franklin D. Roosevelt was elected started, Franklin D. Roosevelt was elected U.S. PresidentU.S. President
During his campaign, he had promised a During his campaign, he had promised a “new deal for the American people”“new deal for the American people”
After taking office, he worked to keep that After taking office, he worked to keep that promise by urging Congress to pass a series promise by urging Congress to pass a series of laws known as the of laws known as the New DealNew Deal that were that were aimed at bringing economic recovery, aimed at bringing economic recovery, relieving suffering of the unemployed, relieving suffering of the unemployed, reforming the economy, and improving reforming the economy, and improving societysociety
Civilian Conservation Corps Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC)(CCC)
The CCC was a New Deal program that The CCC was a New Deal program that provided jobs for young single menprovided jobs for young single men
They built forest trails, planted trees, and They built forest trails, planted trees, and built parksbuilt parks
The CCC was popular in Georgia because it The CCC was popular in Georgia because it built many of the facilities at our state parks built many of the facilities at our state parks (Kennesaw Mountain, Pine Mountain)(Kennesaw Mountain, Pine Mountain)
Other CCC projects in Georgia included a Other CCC projects in Georgia included a seawall at Tybee Island, an airport in Macon, seawall at Tybee Island, an airport in Macon, and improving Grady Hospital in Atlantaand improving Grady Hospital in Atlanta
Agricultural Adjustment Act Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA)(AAA)
The AAA paid farmers NOT to plant crops The AAA paid farmers NOT to plant crops on part of their landon part of their land
By limiting production, prices would go up By limiting production, prices would go up based on the principle of supply and based on the principle of supply and demanddemand
This helped Georgia recover from low This helped Georgia recover from low cotton pricescotton prices
The drawback was that the payments went The drawback was that the payments went to the land owners, not the tenant to the land owners, not the tenant farmers, and many lost their jobs because farmers, and many lost their jobs because of decreased productionof decreased production
Rural Electrification Authority Rural Electrification Authority (REA)(REA)
In the 1920s, power companies had very In the 1920s, power companies had very few lines running to rural areasfew lines running to rural areas
The ones that did run there were The ones that did run there were expensive to maintain, making power bills expensive to maintain, making power bills higher in the rural areashigher in the rural areas
The REA loaned over $300 million so The REA loaned over $300 million so power lines could be extended in rural power lines could be extended in rural areasareas
This made farm life easier with the use of This made farm life easier with the use of electric water pumps, lights, milking electric water pumps, lights, milking machines, and appliancesmachines, and appliances
Social SecuritySocial Security
The Social Security Act, passed in The Social Security Act, passed in 1935, was designed to provide 1935, was designed to provide retirement and unemployment retirement and unemployment insurance from taxes paid by workers insurance from taxes paid by workers and their employersand their employers
It helped reach the people who could It helped reach the people who could not work, like children, the disabled, not work, like children, the disabled, widows with children, and the elderlywidows with children, and the elderly
One drawback is that farm workers One drawback is that farm workers were not covered by Social Security were not covered by Social Security
Government in GeorgiaGovernment in Georgia
In 1933, Georgians elected a new In 1933, Georgians elected a new governor – Eugene Talmadgegovernor – Eugene Talmadge
He was a conservative white supremacist He was a conservative white supremacist who did not like federal government who did not like federal government intervention or government debtsintervention or government debts
He really disliked the New Deal programsHe really disliked the New Deal programs Instead of using federal money to help Instead of using federal money to help
the unemployed, he would build new the unemployed, he would build new roads or highwaysroads or highways
Talmadge’s Second TermTalmadge’s Second Term
He was re-elected in 1934He was re-elected in 1934 He fired officials who disagreed with him He fired officials who disagreed with him He refused to follow New Deal He refused to follow New Deal
regulations and the federal government regulations and the federal government stepped in and ran the programs in stepped in and ran the programs in GeorgiaGeorgia
Because the Georgia constitution does Because the Georgia constitution does not allow a governor to serve more than not allow a governor to serve more than 2 consecutive terms, he ran for U.S. 2 consecutive terms, he ran for U.S. Senate in 1936, but lostSenate in 1936, but lost
Talmadge ReturnsTalmadge Returns
In 1940, Talmadge ran for governor again In 1940, Talmadge ran for governor again and was electedand was elected
He had softened his stance on the New He had softened his stance on the New Deal and the economy started growingDeal and the economy started growing
Talmadge left with a bad legacy when he Talmadge left with a bad legacy when he refused to allow Georgia’s colleges to refused to allow Georgia’s colleges to integrateintegrate (allow all races to attend) (allow all races to attend)
Georgia was cast in a bad light around the Georgia was cast in a bad light around the countrycountry
Talmadge was not re-elected in 1942Talmadge was not re-elected in 1942
Questions…Questions… 1) What struggle was 1) What struggle was
represented in the 1920s?represented in the 1920s? 2) What types of social 2) What types of social
unrest were present in the unrest were present in the “Roaring Twenties”?“Roaring Twenties”?
3) What destroyed the 3) What destroyed the cotton crop in 1920s cotton crop in 1920s Georgia?Georgia?
4) What came in 1924 that 4) What came in 1924 that destroyed many of destroyed many of Georgia’s farms?Georgia’s farms?
5) What were 4 causes 5) What were 4 causes that led up to the Great that led up to the Great Depression?Depression?
6) What ultimately caused 6) What ultimately caused the Great Depression in the Great Depression in 1929?1929?
7) What was the term for 7) What was the term for Roosevelt’s series of laws Roosevelt’s series of laws that were designed to help that were designed to help the economy?the economy?
8) What was the purpose of 8) What was the purpose of the CCC?the CCC?
9) What were some CCC 9) What were some CCC projects in Georgia?projects in Georgia?
10) What did the AAA do?10) What did the AAA do? 11) How did the AAA help 11) How did the AAA help
Georgia?Georgia? 12) What was a drawback 12) What was a drawback
of the AAA?of the AAA? 13) What did the REA do?13) What did the REA do? 14) What was the Social 14) What was the Social
Security Act designed to Security Act designed to do?do?
More Questions…More Questions…
15) What group was not covered by 15) What group was not covered by Social Security?Social Security?
16) Who was elected as Georgia’s 16) Who was elected as Georgia’s governor in 1933?governor in 1933?
17) How did Talmadge feel about 17) How did Talmadge feel about New Deal programs?New Deal programs?
18) What caused Talmadge to leave 18) What caused Talmadge to leave office with a bad legacy?office with a bad legacy?