the industrial revolution - loudoun county public … industrial revolution was a time when...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: The Industrial Revolution - Loudoun County Public … industrial revolution was a time when power-driven machinery and factories ... •No job security •Men competed with women and](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052608/5ae11b587f8b9ac0428e490d/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
The Industrial Revolution
![Page 2: The Industrial Revolution - Loudoun County Public … industrial revolution was a time when power-driven machinery and factories ... •No job security •Men competed with women and](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052608/5ae11b587f8b9ac0428e490d/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
What was the industrial revolution?
![Page 3: The Industrial Revolution - Loudoun County Public … industrial revolution was a time when power-driven machinery and factories ... •No job security •Men competed with women and](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052608/5ae11b587f8b9ac0428e490d/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
The industrial revolution was a time when power-driven machinery and factories became widespread.
![Page 4: The Industrial Revolution - Loudoun County Public … industrial revolution was a time when power-driven machinery and factories ... •No job security •Men competed with women and](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052608/5ae11b587f8b9ac0428e490d/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Where did the industrial revolution begin?
![Page 5: The Industrial Revolution - Loudoun County Public … industrial revolution was a time when power-driven machinery and factories ... •No job security •Men competed with women and](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052608/5ae11b587f8b9ac0428e490d/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
The industrial revolution began in England.
![Page 6: The Industrial Revolution - Loudoun County Public … industrial revolution was a time when power-driven machinery and factories ... •No job security •Men competed with women and](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052608/5ae11b587f8b9ac0428e490d/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Why did the industrial revolution begin in England?
![Page 7: The Industrial Revolution - Loudoun County Public … industrial revolution was a time when power-driven machinery and factories ... •No job security •Men competed with women and](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052608/5ae11b587f8b9ac0428e490d/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
England had all of the factors of production:
Land, Labor, and Capital
And they had political stability
![Page 8: The Industrial Revolution - Loudoun County Public … industrial revolution was a time when power-driven machinery and factories ... •No job security •Men competed with women and](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052608/5ae11b587f8b9ac0428e490d/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
• Land- resources such as coal, iron ore, rivers, agricultural revolution
![Page 9: The Industrial Revolution - Loudoun County Public … industrial revolution was a time when power-driven machinery and factories ... •No job security •Men competed with women and](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052608/5ae11b587f8b9ac0428e490d/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Labor
![Page 10: The Industrial Revolution - Loudoun County Public … industrial revolution was a time when power-driven machinery and factories ... •No job security •Men competed with women and](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052608/5ae11b587f8b9ac0428e490d/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
![Page 11: The Industrial Revolution - Loudoun County Public … industrial revolution was a time when power-driven machinery and factories ... •No job security •Men competed with women and](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052608/5ae11b587f8b9ac0428e490d/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Rivers & Good Harbors
![Page 12: The Industrial Revolution - Loudoun County Public … industrial revolution was a time when power-driven machinery and factories ... •No job security •Men competed with women and](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052608/5ae11b587f8b9ac0428e490d/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Labor- large population of workers
Agricultural
Revolution population
![Page 13: The Industrial Revolution - Loudoun County Public … industrial revolution was a time when power-driven machinery and factories ... •No job security •Men competed with women and](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052608/5ae11b587f8b9ac0428e490d/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
![Page 14: The Industrial Revolution - Loudoun County Public … industrial revolution was a time when power-driven machinery and factories ... •No job security •Men competed with women and](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052608/5ae11b587f8b9ac0428e490d/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Capital- money for investment in businesses and to support growth of factories (expanding economy)
![Page 15: The Industrial Revolution - Loudoun County Public … industrial revolution was a time when power-driven machinery and factories ... •No job security •Men competed with women and](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052608/5ae11b587f8b9ac0428e490d/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
How did agriculture change in England prior to the industrial revolution?
![Page 16: The Industrial Revolution - Loudoun County Public … industrial revolution was a time when power-driven machinery and factories ... •No job security •Men competed with women and](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052608/5ae11b587f8b9ac0428e490d/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Wealthy landowners began buying up small farms. This was the enclosure movement.
Wealthy landowners experimented with new farming techniques and machinery which resulted in more food being produced by fewer farmers. (Agricultural Revolution)
This also meant that unemployed farmers and farm workers needed new jobs.
![Page 17: The Industrial Revolution - Loudoun County Public … industrial revolution was a time when power-driven machinery and factories ... •No job security •Men competed with women and](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052608/5ae11b587f8b9ac0428e490d/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
![Page 18: The Industrial Revolution - Loudoun County Public … industrial revolution was a time when power-driven machinery and factories ... •No job security •Men competed with women and](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052608/5ae11b587f8b9ac0428e490d/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
![Page 19: The Industrial Revolution - Loudoun County Public … industrial revolution was a time when power-driven machinery and factories ... •No job security •Men competed with women and](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052608/5ae11b587f8b9ac0428e490d/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
What were some inventions that improved agriculture?
![Page 20: The Industrial Revolution - Loudoun County Public … industrial revolution was a time when power-driven machinery and factories ... •No job security •Men competed with women and](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052608/5ae11b587f8b9ac0428e490d/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Seed drill
Crop rotation
Selective breeding
![Page 21: The Industrial Revolution - Loudoun County Public … industrial revolution was a time when power-driven machinery and factories ... •No job security •Men competed with women and](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052608/5ae11b587f8b9ac0428e490d/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
How were textiles produced before the
industrial revolution?
![Page 22: The Industrial Revolution - Loudoun County Public … industrial revolution was a time when power-driven machinery and factories ... •No job security •Men competed with women and](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052608/5ae11b587f8b9ac0428e490d/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Textiles were produced in peoples homes which was called the cottage system or the putting out system.
![Page 23: The Industrial Revolution - Loudoun County Public … industrial revolution was a time when power-driven machinery and factories ... •No job security •Men competed with women and](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052608/5ae11b587f8b9ac0428e490d/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
![Page 24: The Industrial Revolution - Loudoun County Public … industrial revolution was a time when power-driven machinery and factories ... •No job security •Men competed with women and](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052608/5ae11b587f8b9ac0428e490d/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Who invented the Spinning Jenny?
![Page 25: The Industrial Revolution - Loudoun County Public … industrial revolution was a time when power-driven machinery and factories ... •No job security •Men competed with women and](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052608/5ae11b587f8b9ac0428e490d/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
James Hargreaves
![Page 26: The Industrial Revolution - Loudoun County Public … industrial revolution was a time when power-driven machinery and factories ... •No job security •Men competed with women and](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052608/5ae11b587f8b9ac0428e490d/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
What other inventions changed the textile industry?
![Page 27: The Industrial Revolution - Loudoun County Public … industrial revolution was a time when power-driven machinery and factories ... •No job security •Men competed with women and](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052608/5ae11b587f8b9ac0428e490d/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Flying shuttle
Water frame
Spinning mule
Power loom
![Page 28: The Industrial Revolution - Loudoun County Public … industrial revolution was a time when power-driven machinery and factories ... •No job security •Men competed with women and](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052608/5ae11b587f8b9ac0428e490d/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Flying Shuttle• John Kay's invention
allowed the shuttle, containing the thread, to be shot backwards and forwards across a much wider bed. The flying shuttle also allowed the thread to be woven at a faster rate, thus enabling the process of weaving to become faster.
![Page 29: The Industrial Revolution - Loudoun County Public … industrial revolution was a time when power-driven machinery and factories ... •No job security •Men competed with women and](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052608/5ae11b587f8b9ac0428e490d/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Spinning Mule
• In 1779, Samuel
Crompton invented the
spinning mule that
combined the moving
carriage of the
spinning jenny with
the rollers of the water
frame.
![Page 30: The Industrial Revolution - Loudoun County Public … industrial revolution was a time when power-driven machinery and factories ... •No job security •Men competed with women and](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052608/5ae11b587f8b9ac0428e490d/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Water Frame
• Richard Arkwright
patented the spinning
frame or water frame that
could produce stronger
threads for yarns. The first
models were powered by
waterwheels so the device
came to be first known as
the water frame.
![Page 31: The Industrial Revolution - Loudoun County Public … industrial revolution was a time when power-driven machinery and factories ... •No job security •Men competed with women and](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052608/5ae11b587f8b9ac0428e490d/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Power Loom
• The power loom was a
steam-powered,
mechanically operated
version of a regular
loom, an invention
that combined threads
to make cloth.
![Page 32: The Industrial Revolution - Loudoun County Public … industrial revolution was a time when power-driven machinery and factories ... •No job security •Men competed with women and](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052608/5ae11b587f8b9ac0428e490d/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
What were some advances in transportation during the industrial era?
![Page 33: The Industrial Revolution - Loudoun County Public … industrial revolution was a time when power-driven machinery and factories ... •No job security •Men competed with women and](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052608/5ae11b587f8b9ac0428e490d/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Steam Engine
Canals
McAdam roads
Turnpikes
Railroads
![Page 34: The Industrial Revolution - Loudoun County Public … industrial revolution was a time when power-driven machinery and factories ... •No job security •Men competed with women and](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052608/5ae11b587f8b9ac0428e490d/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
![Page 35: The Industrial Revolution - Loudoun County Public … industrial revolution was a time when power-driven machinery and factories ... •No job security •Men competed with women and](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052608/5ae11b587f8b9ac0428e490d/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
![Page 36: The Industrial Revolution - Loudoun County Public … industrial revolution was a time when power-driven machinery and factories ... •No job security •Men competed with women and](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052608/5ae11b587f8b9ac0428e490d/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
![Page 37: The Industrial Revolution - Loudoun County Public … industrial revolution was a time when power-driven machinery and factories ... •No job security •Men competed with women and](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052608/5ae11b587f8b9ac0428e490d/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
![Page 38: The Industrial Revolution - Loudoun County Public … industrial revolution was a time when power-driven machinery and factories ... •No job security •Men competed with women and](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052608/5ae11b587f8b9ac0428e490d/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
![Page 39: The Industrial Revolution - Loudoun County Public … industrial revolution was a time when power-driven machinery and factories ... •No job security •Men competed with women and](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052608/5ae11b587f8b9ac0428e490d/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
![Page 40: The Industrial Revolution - Loudoun County Public … industrial revolution was a time when power-driven machinery and factories ... •No job security •Men competed with women and](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052608/5ae11b587f8b9ac0428e490d/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
![Page 41: The Industrial Revolution - Loudoun County Public … industrial revolution was a time when power-driven machinery and factories ... •No job security •Men competed with women and](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052608/5ae11b587f8b9ac0428e490d/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
![Page 42: The Industrial Revolution - Loudoun County Public … industrial revolution was a time when power-driven machinery and factories ... •No job security •Men competed with women and](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052608/5ae11b587f8b9ac0428e490d/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
![Page 43: The Industrial Revolution - Loudoun County Public … industrial revolution was a time when power-driven machinery and factories ... •No job security •Men competed with women and](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052608/5ae11b587f8b9ac0428e490d/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
![Page 44: The Industrial Revolution - Loudoun County Public … industrial revolution was a time when power-driven machinery and factories ... •No job security •Men competed with women and](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052608/5ae11b587f8b9ac0428e490d/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
![Page 45: The Industrial Revolution - Loudoun County Public … industrial revolution was a time when power-driven machinery and factories ... •No job security •Men competed with women and](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052608/5ae11b587f8b9ac0428e490d/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
![Page 46: The Industrial Revolution - Loudoun County Public … industrial revolution was a time when power-driven machinery and factories ... •No job security •Men competed with women and](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052608/5ae11b587f8b9ac0428e490d/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
How did railroads change life in Britain?
![Page 47: The Industrial Revolution - Loudoun County Public … industrial revolution was a time when power-driven machinery and factories ... •No job security •Men competed with women and](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052608/5ae11b587f8b9ac0428e490d/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
Led to more economic growth, because it provided cheap transportation for goods
Created jobs – Railroad workers and coal miners
Increased England’s agricultural and fishing industry because railroads allowed the markets for these goods to increase
Made travel easier – increase in commuters and more vacation options
![Page 48: The Industrial Revolution - Loudoun County Public … industrial revolution was a time when power-driven machinery and factories ... •No job security •Men competed with women and](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052608/5ae11b587f8b9ac0428e490d/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
How did work change for the average family during the industrial revolution?
![Page 49: The Industrial Revolution - Loudoun County Public … industrial revolution was a time when power-driven machinery and factories ... •No job security •Men competed with women and](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052608/5ae11b587f8b9ac0428e490d/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
• Harsh working conditions in factories (poor lighting, poor ventilation, dangerous machinery)
• 14 hour days, 6 days a week
• Monotonous work
• No job security
• Men competed with women and children for jobs
• Low wages
![Page 50: The Industrial Revolution - Loudoun County Public … industrial revolution was a time when power-driven machinery and factories ... •No job security •Men competed with women and](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052608/5ae11b587f8b9ac0428e490d/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
![Page 51: The Industrial Revolution - Loudoun County Public … industrial revolution was a time when power-driven machinery and factories ... •No job security •Men competed with women and](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052608/5ae11b587f8b9ac0428e490d/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
![Page 52: The Industrial Revolution - Loudoun County Public … industrial revolution was a time when power-driven machinery and factories ... •No job security •Men competed with women and](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052608/5ae11b587f8b9ac0428e490d/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
![Page 53: The Industrial Revolution - Loudoun County Public … industrial revolution was a time when power-driven machinery and factories ... •No job security •Men competed with women and](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052608/5ae11b587f8b9ac0428e490d/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
What were living conditions like in the cities
during the early industrial era?
![Page 54: The Industrial Revolution - Loudoun County Public … industrial revolution was a time when power-driven machinery and factories ... •No job security •Men competed with women and](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052608/5ae11b587f8b9ac0428e490d/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
• Poor living conditions
• Low life expectancy
• Overcrowding
• Poor sanitation
• Frequent cholera epidemics (1849 – 400 Londoners
a day died)
• Polluted drinking water from the Thames River
• Low life expectancy (1842-38 years in rural areas,
17 years in cities, 7 years in coal mines)
![Page 55: The Industrial Revolution - Loudoun County Public … industrial revolution was a time when power-driven machinery and factories ... •No job security •Men competed with women and](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052608/5ae11b587f8b9ac0428e490d/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
![Page 56: The Industrial Revolution - Loudoun County Public … industrial revolution was a time when power-driven machinery and factories ... •No job security •Men competed with women and](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052608/5ae11b587f8b9ac0428e490d/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
![Page 57: The Industrial Revolution - Loudoun County Public … industrial revolution was a time when power-driven machinery and factories ... •No job security •Men competed with women and](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052608/5ae11b587f8b9ac0428e490d/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
How did the industrial revolution affect slavery?
![Page 58: The Industrial Revolution - Loudoun County Public … industrial revolution was a time when power-driven machinery and factories ... •No job security •Men competed with women and](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052608/5ae11b587f8b9ac0428e490d/html5/thumbnails/58.jpg)
The invention of the cotton gin increased the demand for slaves.
slavery
![Page 59: The Industrial Revolution - Loudoun County Public … industrial revolution was a time when power-driven machinery and factories ... •No job security •Men competed with women and](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052608/5ae11b587f8b9ac0428e490d/html5/thumbnails/59.jpg)
![Page 60: The Industrial Revolution - Loudoun County Public … industrial revolution was a time when power-driven machinery and factories ... •No job security •Men competed with women and](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052608/5ae11b587f8b9ac0428e490d/html5/thumbnails/60.jpg)
How did the Industrial Revolution
produce changes in culture and
society?
![Page 61: The Industrial Revolution - Loudoun County Public … industrial revolution was a time when power-driven machinery and factories ... •No job security •Men competed with women and](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052608/5ae11b587f8b9ac0428e490d/html5/thumbnails/61.jpg)
Changes in Upper Class - Some factory owners, merchants, and investment bankers grew wealthier than landowners and aristocrats
New Class – Middle class (skilled workers, professionals, business people, wealthy farmers)
Middle Class evolved further
Upper Middle Class-government employees, (doctors, lawyers, managers)
Lower Middle Class-had a comfortable standard of living (factory overseers, skilled workers)
Poor Workers- saw little improvement in living and working conditions from 1800-1850
![Page 62: The Industrial Revolution - Loudoun County Public … industrial revolution was a time when power-driven machinery and factories ... •No job security •Men competed with women and](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052608/5ae11b587f8b9ac0428e490d/html5/thumbnails/62.jpg)
What were some of the social reforms that took place during the industrial era?
![Page 63: The Industrial Revolution - Loudoun County Public … industrial revolution was a time when power-driven machinery and factories ... •No job security •Men competed with women and](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052608/5ae11b587f8b9ac0428e490d/html5/thumbnails/63.jpg)
Campaigns to end child labor
efforts to increase and improve education
efforts to give workers more rights through labor unions and collective bargaining
increase demand for women’s rights
prison reform
abolition of slavery
![Page 64: The Industrial Revolution - Loudoun County Public … industrial revolution was a time when power-driven machinery and factories ... •No job security •Men competed with women and](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052608/5ae11b587f8b9ac0428e490d/html5/thumbnails/64.jpg)
What were some technological advances that occurred during the industrial revolution and who invented them?
![Page 65: The Industrial Revolution - Loudoun County Public … industrial revolution was a time when power-driven machinery and factories ... •No job security •Men competed with women and](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052608/5ae11b587f8b9ac0428e490d/html5/thumbnails/65.jpg)
steam engine - James Watt
cotton gin - Eli Whitney
Bessemer Process (new process for making steel) -Henry Bessemer
![Page 66: The Industrial Revolution - Loudoun County Public … industrial revolution was a time when power-driven machinery and factories ... •No job security •Men competed with women and](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052608/5ae11b587f8b9ac0428e490d/html5/thumbnails/66.jpg)
What were some advances in medicine that occurred during the industrial revolution?
![Page 67: The Industrial Revolution - Loudoun County Public … industrial revolution was a time when power-driven machinery and factories ... •No job security •Men competed with women and](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052608/5ae11b587f8b9ac0428e490d/html5/thumbnails/67.jpg)
Some advances in medicine that occurred during the industrial revolution were a vaccine for small pox and the discovery of bacteria.
![Page 68: The Industrial Revolution - Loudoun County Public … industrial revolution was a time when power-driven machinery and factories ... •No job security •Men competed with women and](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052608/5ae11b587f8b9ac0428e490d/html5/thumbnails/68.jpg)
Who was Edward Jenner?
![Page 69: The Industrial Revolution - Loudoun County Public … industrial revolution was a time when power-driven machinery and factories ... •No job security •Men competed with women and](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052608/5ae11b587f8b9ac0428e490d/html5/thumbnails/69.jpg)
Edward Jenner developed a vaccine for smallpox.
![Page 70: The Industrial Revolution - Loudoun County Public … industrial revolution was a time when power-driven machinery and factories ... •No job security •Men competed with women and](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052608/5ae11b587f8b9ac0428e490d/html5/thumbnails/70.jpg)
Who was Louis Pasteur?
![Page 71: The Industrial Revolution - Loudoun County Public … industrial revolution was a time when power-driven machinery and factories ... •No job security •Men competed with women and](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052608/5ae11b587f8b9ac0428e490d/html5/thumbnails/71.jpg)
• Louis Pasteur was a French chemist and microbiologist who was
one of the most important founders of medical microbiology. He is
remembered for his remarkable breakthroughs in the causes and
preventions of diseases. His discoveries reduced mortality
from puerperal fever, and he created the first vaccines for rabies
and anthrax. His experiments supported the germ theory of disease.
He was best known to the general public for inventing a method to
treat milk and wine in order to prevent it from causing sickness, a
process that came to be called pasteurization.
![Page 72: The Industrial Revolution - Loudoun County Public … industrial revolution was a time when power-driven machinery and factories ... •No job security •Men competed with women and](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052608/5ae11b587f8b9ac0428e490d/html5/thumbnails/72.jpg)
What economic theories supported the industrial revolution?
![Page 73: The Industrial Revolution - Loudoun County Public … industrial revolution was a time when power-driven machinery and factories ... •No job security •Men competed with women and](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052608/5ae11b587f8b9ac0428e490d/html5/thumbnails/73.jpg)
Capitalism and market competition
fueled the Industrial Revolution.
• Capitalism
• Laissez faire
• Free market
• Free trade
• Adam Smith “Wealth of Nations”
![Page 74: The Industrial Revolution - Loudoun County Public … industrial revolution was a time when power-driven machinery and factories ... •No job security •Men competed with women and](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052608/5ae11b587f8b9ac0428e490d/html5/thumbnails/74.jpg)
![Page 75: The Industrial Revolution - Loudoun County Public … industrial revolution was a time when power-driven machinery and factories ... •No job security •Men competed with women and](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052608/5ae11b587f8b9ac0428e490d/html5/thumbnails/75.jpg)
What were some theories opposed to capitalism?
![Page 76: The Industrial Revolution - Loudoun County Public … industrial revolution was a time when power-driven machinery and factories ... •No job security •Men competed with women and](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052608/5ae11b587f8b9ac0428e490d/html5/thumbnails/76.jpg)
Socialism
Marxism
Communism
![Page 77: The Industrial Revolution - Loudoun County Public … industrial revolution was a time when power-driven machinery and factories ... •No job security •Men competed with women and](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052608/5ae11b587f8b9ac0428e490d/html5/thumbnails/77.jpg)
Socialism- economic system in which the
factors of production are owned by the
gov’t and operate for the welfare of all
![Page 78: The Industrial Revolution - Loudoun County Public … industrial revolution was a time when power-driven machinery and factories ... •No job security •Men competed with women and](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052608/5ae11b587f8b9ac0428e490d/html5/thumbnails/78.jpg)
Marxism- political and economic theories
based on the ideas of Karl Marx and
Friedrich Engels
radical type of socialism; inspired revolutions
in Russia, China, Vietnam, and Cuba
![Page 79: The Industrial Revolution - Loudoun County Public … industrial revolution was a time when power-driven machinery and factories ... •No job security •Men competed with women and](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052608/5ae11b587f8b9ac0428e490d/html5/thumbnails/79.jpg)
Communism-complete socialism, all land,
mines, factories, railroads, and businesses
would be owned by the people, and all
goods and services would be shared equally
Marx believed communism would be the final
stage in human society
![Page 80: The Industrial Revolution - Loudoun County Public … industrial revolution was a time when power-driven machinery and factories ... •No job security •Men competed with women and](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052608/5ae11b587f8b9ac0428e490d/html5/thumbnails/80.jpg)
Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels wrote
“The Communist Manifesto”
Warring Classes: bourgeoisie and proletariat
Haves and have-nots
![Page 81: The Industrial Revolution - Loudoun County Public … industrial revolution was a time when power-driven machinery and factories ... •No job security •Men competed with women and](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052608/5ae11b587f8b9ac0428e490d/html5/thumbnails/81.jpg)
![Page 82: The Industrial Revolution - Loudoun County Public … industrial revolution was a time when power-driven machinery and factories ... •No job security •Men competed with women and](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052608/5ae11b587f8b9ac0428e490d/html5/thumbnails/82.jpg)
How did the industrial revolution lead to an increase in imperialism?
Imperialism is the policy of extending one
country’s rule over another.
![Page 83: The Industrial Revolution - Loudoun County Public … industrial revolution was a time when power-driven machinery and factories ... •No job security •Men competed with women and](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052608/5ae11b587f8b9ac0428e490d/html5/thumbnails/83.jpg)
In order for industrialization to continue,
industrialized nations needed resources to
supply to their factories. And they needed
more markets to sell the goods produced in
these factories.
![Page 84: The Industrial Revolution - Loudoun County Public … industrial revolution was a time when power-driven machinery and factories ... •No job security •Men competed with women and](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052608/5ae11b587f8b9ac0428e490d/html5/thumbnails/84.jpg)
![Page 85: The Industrial Revolution - Loudoun County Public … industrial revolution was a time when power-driven machinery and factories ... •No job security •Men competed with women and](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052608/5ae11b587f8b9ac0428e490d/html5/thumbnails/85.jpg)
What were some of the effects of
imperialism?
![Page 86: The Industrial Revolution - Loudoun County Public … industrial revolution was a time when power-driven machinery and factories ... •No job security •Men competed with women and](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052608/5ae11b587f8b9ac0428e490d/html5/thumbnails/86.jpg)
Imperialism gave more power and wealth to
already wealthy and industrialized nations
and increased poverty in less developed
nations.
Imperialism widened the gap between
developed and undeveloped countries.
(global inequality)
![Page 87: The Industrial Revolution - Loudoun County Public … industrial revolution was a time when power-driven machinery and factories ... •No job security •Men competed with women and](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052608/5ae11b587f8b9ac0428e490d/html5/thumbnails/87.jpg)
![Page 88: The Industrial Revolution - Loudoun County Public … industrial revolution was a time when power-driven machinery and factories ... •No job security •Men competed with women and](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052608/5ae11b587f8b9ac0428e490d/html5/thumbnails/88.jpg)
What were the social, economic,
and political effects of the
industrial revolution?
See page 274 in textbook
![Page 89: The Industrial Revolution - Loudoun County Public … industrial revolution was a time when power-driven machinery and factories ... •No job security •Men competed with women and](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022052608/5ae11b587f8b9ac0428e490d/html5/thumbnails/89.jpg)
Social
Short-term
•Long hours worked in factories
•Urbanization (increase in
population in cities)
•Rise of suburbs
•Poor city planning
•Poor living conditions
•Loss of family stability
•Expansion of middle class
•Harsh working conditions for
workers
•Rise of reform movements
•Improved standard of living for
middle class
•Decrease in life expectancy in the
cities
•New jobs
Long-Term
•Living conditions improve
•Life expectancy increases
•Better working conditions
•Environmental problems
Economic
•New inventions
•Factories
•Increased production
•Higher demand for raw
materials
•Growth of world wide
trade
•Population explosion led
to a large labor force
•Exploitation of mineral
resources
•Highly developed
banking systems
•Advances in
transportation,
agriculture, and
communication
•Increased poverty in less
developed nations
•Growth of capitalism
Political
•Child labor laws to end
abuses
•Reformers urged equal
distribution of wealth
•Rise of trade unions
with a lot of political
power
•Reform bills passed in
governments
•Rise of ideas opposed to
capitalism (socialism,
Marxism, and
communism)
•Shift in balance of world
power
•Imperialism
•Global inequality
•Competition b/w
industrialized nations