THE LIFE -BOAT.J O U R N A L

OF THE

National %ffe*Soat Jnstitution,(ISSUED QTTABTEELY.)

VOL. XYIL—No. 198.] IST NOVEMBER, 1900. PMOK 3d.[WITH WRECK CHART.

SKETCH OF THE PEOGEESS MADE IN THE CONSTEUCTION OFCOAST LIFE-BOATS.

1785-1900.

No. 3.

IN the last number of the Life-boatJournal (August, 1900) this sketch wastaken up to 1840, when the Liverpooltype of Life-boat came into use, and theimprovements in that type were traced upto the present date.

About December, 1841, there was acompetition for Life-boat models held atSouth Shields. As not much referenceis to be found to this "competition,"it is probably right to assume that itwas almost confined to the builders anddesigners of the North Country type.

George Farrow, boatbuilder, SouthShields, and William Greener, of- AstonNew Town, Birmingham, both appear tohave sent models to this competition,and also to that for the Northumberlandprize in 1850, showing, in each instance,arrangements for carrying water-ballastin tanks. They eadi claimed to be theoriginal inventors of the closed tankfor water-ballast;, a point on which thecommittee appointed to adjudicate on themerits of the various competing Life-boats declined to offer an opinion. Atany rate, it is clear that the principle ofcarrying water-ballast in Life-boats inenclosed tanks, in contradistinction tocarrying it in bulk, as was done in the

Norfolk and Suffolk Life-boats, came intovogue in the early forties, and continuesto the present time.

The following describes the manner inwhich the above two competitors arrangedfor carrying water-ballast in their Life-boats :—

Mr. George Farrow's model representeda North Country type Life-boat of theusual paddle-box boat form, 30 feet longby 10 feet beam, and 3£ feet depth, andfor ballast she had a tank amidships-15 inches deep, 14 feet long, extendingacross the boat, capable of holding 3 tonsof water. This tank was divided bytransverse partitions to prevent the waterranging in a seaway, with limber holesnear the keel to keep up the communi-cation, and others near the platform, incase of the boat upsetting. The tankcould be closed when full, and escapetubes for the air were provided.

Mr. Greener, in his model, which repre-sented a boat 37 feet long, 12 feet beam,and 2jj feet deep, carried the water-ballastin a copper trunk placed fore and aft justabove the keelson, the contents of whichwere about 10 cwt.

The next Life-boat to attract attentionis that which was known as "Messrs.

' VOL. XVII.—No. 198.—LIFE-BOAT JOUBNAL. 3 c

798 THE LIFE-BOAT. [Isi NOVEMBER, 1900.

Lamb & White's patent Life-boat," andnow as Messrs. White's. A pamphletpublished in 1870 (Gutch & Cox,150 High Street, Southampton) hasmnch useful information concerning theseLife-boats. The original boats were builtby Messrs. Thomas & John White, ofMedina Bocks, Cowes, Isle of Wight, asfar back as 1846, and up to 1848 manyhad been supplied to the large shippingcompanies to be used on board theirvessels, but none for coast use. In 1848one of this type of Life-boat was builtand stationed at Cardigan, where she wongolden opinions. This boat was but27 ft. long, 8 ft. beam, and 3 ft. deep,and was replaced by one 3 ft. longer, afterthe following experience. Extract from aletter from George Bowan," master of theCardigan Life-boat/' dated 15th February,1850: "I beg to say we were visited onthe 6th of this month with a tremendousstorm from N.N.W., and about 10 in themorning the brig Thetis, of Limerick,296 tons register, in a sunken condition,came on our bar. We immediatelymanned the boat with a picked crewand got very near the vessel, when atremendous sea broke on the boat andoverpowered us. After making severalother attempts the boat was manned witha fresh crew, which again failed. Again•we got a fresh crew, but before wereached the brig she went to pieces; we,however, succeeded in saving two of thecrew whom we found floating on thewater. The remainder of the crew—eleven persons—were drowned." Althoughthis letter chronicles a sad disaster, any-one experienced in Life-boat work willsee that it was in no way the fault of theboat or the crews who manned her. Alarger boat might possibly have done thework, and so the Cardigan men seemedto think, for they sailed their little boatto Cowes, and brought one back 3 ft.longer, " experiencing heavy weather, theboat behaving admirably."

In 1850 a White's Life-boat was placedat Broadstairs (30 ft. long), and anotherat Ilfracombe (32 ft. long, 8 ft. beam).

The Broadstairs Life-boat, which wasnamed the Mary White, was, with herexcellent crew, the means of saying alarge number of lives, and an account—given in the above-quoted pamphlet—ofa magnificent service done by her andanother Broadstairs Life-boat on the sameprinciple called the Culmer White, is wellworth reading. On the occasion referredto, the two boats sared the crew, number-ing twenty-three, of the American shipNorthern Belle, which was at anchor in aheavy gale on a lee shore off Kingsgate.The crew of the second boat were partlydrawn from Margate, and it is no doubtthat in consequence of the experiencethese men had in this boat that an orderwas placed with Messrs. White by thewatermen of Margate for a boat 32 ft.long a few months afterwards.

In 1850 Messrs. White sent in designsand a model to compete for the Northumber-land prize; the designs are reproduced (seep. 799). Messrs. White have practicallynever departed from the details as shown,and although the boats have not beenadopted by the Life-boat Institution ascoast Life-boats (the Institution has onlyone under its management, namely, theEyde Life-boat, 28 ft. long, 6 ft. 3 in. •beam), nevertheless their popularity hasbeen so great that, in addition to theirbeing carried by many of the great oceansteamers and innumerable private yacht?,they were adopted by the Admiralty andsupplied to the royal yachts and manywar-vessels; and, what is more to thepoint in this article, they were largelyemployed in the Coastguard Service.Many have also been supplied to foreigngovernments. Under these circumstances,no apology is needed for quoting atconsiderable length the description givenin the Northumberland Report and theremarks of the jurors.

Description.—The general form of thisboat is that of a whale-boat; slightlyrising floor amidships, sides straight in afore and aft direction, moderate rake ofstem and stern post, carvel built andcopper fastened. Length extreme, 32 ft.;

IST NOVEMBER, 1900.] THE LIFE-BOAT. 799

of keel, 27 ft.; beam, 8 ft.; depth, 3 ft.;sheer of gunwale, 12 in.; rake of stemand stern post, 6 in. in a foot; straightkeel, 4 in. deep. The boat has sixthwart?, 30 in. apart, 10 in. below thegunwale, and 17 in. above the flooring;pulls six oars single-banked.

Extra buoyancy is obtained by air-cases round the sides, 12 in. wide at thethwarts, and sloping off to the gunwaleand floor, and in the head and stern

in her, 21 in.; weight of boat and fittings,30 cwt.

Remarks.—This boat, from her form,would pull well in all weathers, wouldsail fairly well, and be a good sea-boat.Her moderate weight would make hereasy to transport. The boat has muchless extra buoyancy than is usually givento Life-boats, yet it is ample for allcommon purposes; but the air-casesbeing built into the sides renders them

LIFEBOAT, BY MESS"-8 WHITE, COWES, ISLE OF WIGHT.SUBMITTED TO COMPETE FOR THE NORTHUMBERLAND PREMIUM .

SHEER PLAN.

PLAN.

BODY PLAN

MIDSHIP SECTION.

AIR.

sheets for a length of 5 ft. up to gunwaleheight, the whole divided into compart-ments' and built into the boat. Effectiveextra buoyancy, 70 cubic ft., equal to2 tons. No ballast. Internal capacityup to the level of the thwarts, 105 cubicft, equivalent to 3 tons. No means offreeing the boat of water. The provisionfor righting the boat consists in raisedair-cases at the extremes for a length of5 ft. Draught of water with thirty men

liable to be stove in approaching a wreck.The internal capacity for holding wateris not large, but the boat has no meansof freeing herself except by rolling aportion of the water out over the gun-wales, a measure which is facilitated bythe sloping form of the air-cases. It isnot probable that a boat of this formwould be upset; but should that accidentoccur, there is no sufficient provision forrighting herself, as, owing to the small

3 c 2

800 THE LIFE-BOAT. [1ST NOVEMBEB, 1900.

sheer given, the raised air-cases, withoutany ballast or iron keel, would not effectit. The boat has rather less beam thanis usual for the common purposes of aLife-boat.

The Northumberland Committee, in thebody of their report, also remark asfollows:—" Another class of boats offering,in form, a strong contrast to the Shieldsboats before mentioned, require notice, asthey seem to be intended by their buildersfor contending with rapid tides andsmoother water rather than the ordinaryheavy open sea to which Life-boats arecommonly exposed. Their dimensions aremore those of a Deal galley, with breadthone-fourth their length; the models ofMessrs. White, the well-known buildersat Cowes, of Tredwen of Padstow, ofSeumens & Thomas of Penzance, of Lieut.Sharpe, K.N., of Hanwell Park, of Sparkeof Exeter, and of Bromley of Sheerness,belong to this group. As a rowing-boatin moderate weather, a boat after themodel of the Messrs. White woulddistance many of those sent in for

competition, and it is known that invery heavy weather such a boat has beenthe means of saving life; but if theCommittee have formed a right judgmentas to the qualities essential in a Life-boat, it will be found on an inspectionof the drawing and description thatthis boat is not adapted for thatpurpose. As a safety galley for theCoastguard service, the boat would be agreat improvement upon those galleysnow in use."

As already shown, the Admiraltyadopted' this type of boat for the Coast-guard service, and they were widelydistributed round the coasts of GreatBritain and Ireland, so that most fishingand boating communities had good oppor-tunities of seeing their power. However,there has never been any general desireexpressed or application made to theLife-boat Institution in favour of theseboats being supplied for Life-boat work;and if Life-boat men take an idea intotheir heads, they are anything but back-ward in pressing it.

(To be continued.)

ADDITIONAL STATIONS AND NEW LIFE-BOATS.

METHIL and BUOKHAVEN, FIFESHIRE— IOn the application of the local residentsa new Life-boat station has been formedat Bnekhaven, on the north side of theFirth of Forth, where there are plenty offishermen available to work the Life-boat.There is a considerable number of vesselsvisiting this district in the course ofthe year, and several shipwrecks haveoccurred, with consequent risk of life tothose on board in the absence of anefficient Life-boat. The boat speciallybuilt for this station, at the request ofthe local fishermen, is a non-self-rightingboat of the Liverpool type; she is 35 feetlong and 10 feet wide, and has a trans-porting-carriage provided with Tipping'splates, as the harbour at Buckhaven driesout to the South Pier head, and theground is flat and soft in many places;pushing-poles have also been supplied tohelp in getting the boat afloat. A new

Lifeboat house and a launching slipwayhave been built from the designs, andunder the superintendence of, the engineerand architect of the Institution, and thoLife-boat establishment may now balooked on as a perfect type of a modernLife-boat station.

The Committee decided to appropriateto the Life-boat the legacy of 2,OOOZ.bequeathed to the Institution by the lateMrs. ISABELLA HAXTON, of Kickcaldy, toprovide a Life-boat to be named theIsabella, and placed on the Fifeahirecoast.

HUNSTANTON," NoBFOLK; DUNGABrAN,co. WATEEFOBD ; WALTON-ON-THE-NAZEand WEXFOBD.—The Life-boats whichhave been doing good work on thesestations for many years have recentlybeen replaced by new and improved boats.The first-named one is & eell-righting

IST NOVEMBER, 1900.] THE LIFE-BOAT. 801

boat, 35 feet long, 8£ feet wide, and roving10 oars double-banked; like the boat shesuperseded, she is named the LicensedVictualler. The Walton - on - the - Nazeboat is a large sailing-boat of the improvedNorfolk and Suffolk type, 43 feet longand 12i feet wide, and is named JamesStevens No. 14; and the Dungarvan andWexford new boats are " Watson " sailing-boats, 40 feet long, named respectivelyJames Stevens Nos. 15 and 16, havingbeen provided from the munificent bequestleft to the Institution by the gentlemanof that name who resided in Birmingham.The two last-named boats were sailed totheir stations from the Thames, and the

master who was in charge of the Wexfordboat reported that he had a good chanceof trying her when about ten miles offCape Cornwall, with a strong wind blow-ing from the E.S.E. and a heavy headsea from N.N.E. Carrying all sail, sheput her lee bow under water, and waspartly filled by the seas. She was beinghard pressed, in fact, being withoutballast; but with a double reef in hersails she did much better, and provedherself to be possessed of the finestsailing qualities, sailing 8 or 10 knotswithout trouble. She is a splendidboat, and fit to go anywhere in anyweather.

THE LIFE-BOAT SATTJBDAY FUND.

THE Life-boat Saturday Fund season for1900 is now drawing to a close, and ithas been one of great anxiety, not only tothe Central Committee of the Fund andtheir officials, but also to the numerousLocal Committees and Auxiliaries through-out the country. Notwithstanding thesplendid and enthusiastic efforts of theseimportant coadjutors in the work, it hasbeen impossible to obtain the financialresults, which at any other time suchself-denying and generous work wouldcertainly have secured, but " the Fates "have been obdurate. All through theyear, and more particularly during theearlier months, when the preparationsare generally taken in hand forthe Saturday demonstrations andcollections, the special and necessaryappeals which were made from one endof the country to the other in connectionwith the war in South Africa have

proved a terrible obstacle to successfulappeals either for the Saturday Fund, orindeed for any other charity, and duringthe last few weeks when good friendsand hard-working committees in variousimportant centres were hoping tosecure better results for their efforts,the Parliamentary General Election cameupon them, at once stopping altogetheror at all events to a great extent, anyfurther action in the interests of theSaturday Fund during the current year.Friends must not be disheartened, how-ever, and we are confident that althoughthe cloud has been a heavy one the silverlining will ere long appear and thatbetter times are in store for the Fund.We can only now tender our sympathy,if not our congratulations, to the workers,and encourage them to hope for andexpect a coining "good time" in nextyear's campaign.

SERVICES OF THE LIFE-BOATS OF THE EOYAL NATIONALLIFE-BOAT INSTITUTION.

BUNSWICK, YORKSHIRE. — FourteenWhitby cobles being overtaken by a roughsea while fishing on the 13th Feb. 1900,were unable to return home and wereseen to be making for Bunswick. TheLife-boat Gape of Good Hope was launchedat 1.30 P.M. and remained out until 6.30,

by which time all the boats had safelyreached the shore.

A fishing coble having been disabled bya sudden squall on the morning of the 25thJune, when about three-quarters of a milefrom the shore, a pilot coble which was nearat hand proceeded to her and rendered

802 THE LIFE-BOAT. [1ST NOVEMBER, 1900.

assistance. A moderate gale was blowingat the time, and as there was a heavy sea,the Life-boat Gape of Good Hope put offand stood by both boats until they safelyreached the land.

ALDEBURGH.—In response to messagesby telephone received on the 15thFebruary while a whole gale was blowingfrom S. by W., the Eeserve Life-boat,temporarily placed at this station, waslaunched at 10.30 P.M. Terrific seaswere breaking on the beach; in fact, theyare stated to have been the heaviest everwitnessed on this coast, and they extendedas far outwards as the eye could see, butthe Life-boat men did not hesitate onemoment, and after gallantly crossing theshoals, encountered a tremendous sea incrossing Sizewell Bank to reach the spotwhere the vessel had been reportedin distress. Nothing, however, could beseen owing to the blinding rain and sleet,so the boat anchored just inside the bankand burned lights. She received noreply until about 4 A.M. when tworockets were sent up about half a milenorthward. Proceeding in that direction,the Life-boat men found the p.s. Hylton,of London, riding in a very dangerousposition in five fathoms of water, havinglost her rudder and propeller. Themaster stated that the vessel had beenaground on Sizewell Bank and those onboard, twenty-one men in all, had had afearful experience, the seas breaking cleanover-the ship, washing the hatches off andsmashing the starboard Life-boat. Theweather moderating, the Life-boat lefttwo of her crew oh board the steamer,proceeded to Lowestoft, and having securedthe services of steam-tugs returned withthem, and the vessel was towed to Graves-end, the Life-boat accompanying her.

ATnEEFIELD, ISLE OF WlGHT.—TheLife-boat Catherine Swift was launchedat about 5.30 P.M. on the 15th February,the coxswain, while on the cliff, havingobserved a large barque strike on theEastern Ledge at Atherfield and imme-diately swing round with her bow out-wards. The weather was very hazy andthick at the time. The Life-boat pro-ceeded to sea and made several attemptsto reach the vessel, being frequentlyalmost buried, but the force of the wind,which was blowing a very strong gale

from S., and the great quantity of brokenwater encountered prevented the boatfrom reaching her, and after about anhour's hard< pulling the Life-boat menreluctantly returned ashore and placedthe boat on the slipway resolving to makeanother attempt when the tide turned.At about 2.30 A.M., the wind havingchanged to W. and decreased in force, butblowing even then a strong gale and thesea still being heavy, the Life-boat againput off and after crossing the EasternLedge succeeded in reaching the vesseland saved her crew consisting of eighteenmen. In order to avoid having to crossthe Ledge again the Life-boat was beachedopposite the wreck and the rescued menwere safely landed. The vessel was thebarque Auguste, of Brake) bound fromFremantle, W. Australia, for London witha cargo of jarrah wood. She became atotal wreck.

BAHFF.—At 3.15 P.M. on the 17thFebruary the Life-boat Help for the Help-less was launched, a telephone messagehaving been received from Macduff in-timating that three fishing boats about amile outside the harbour were in urgentneed of assistance. A moderate windwas blowing from S.S.E. and the sea wasvery heavy, rendering the approach to theharbour very dangerous, but with thehelp of the Life-boat, which remained inattendance on them, the boats were ableto effect a safe entry. The Life-boat menwere enthusiastically applauded by a largenumber of people who witnessed the servicethey rendered.

On the 19th February, while a strongeasterly wind was blowing, accompaniedby a heavy sea and snow showers, thebarque Ebenezer, of Porsgrund, boundfrom G-rimsby for Norway, with a cargoof coal, was seen to the eastward of Banffwith her sails in ribbons. As she wasdrifting towards the shore, the Life-boatwas manned and proceeded from MacduffHarbour, where she was lying, to herassistance. Before she could be reached,however, the vessel struck the rocks atWhitehills and immediately broke up.Seven of her crew were picked up fromthe wreckage and were landed at White-hills in a terribly exhausted condition.It being ascertained that the crew hadconsisted of ten men the Life-boat re-turned to the scene of the casualty and

IST NOVEMBER, 1900.] THE LIFE-BOAT. 803

remained in the vicinity for an hour anda half, but unfortunately nothing couldbe seen of the other three men.

NOBTH StJNDEBLAND, NOBTHUMBEB-LA.ND.—On the 19th February during aheavy gale from the S.E., the Coxswain ofthe Life-boat Thomas Bewick received amessage from the Trinity boatman re-questing that the Life-boat might be sentto the Longs tone Lighthouse. Themessage which he had received did notstate the reason for the request and it•was impossible to obtain any information,the hazy weather and blinding snow-showers preventing further signalling.The Life-boat was launched, taking outthe Trinity boatman and a relief Light-keeper, but found the sea at the harbourmouth so extremely heavy and dangerousthat it was decided, after struggling fortwo hours, that it was not advisable toproceed farther. On the following even-ing signals were shown indicating thatthe services of the Boat were required forthe purpose of landing the principalkeeper who was ill, and in the morning,the coxswain having been apprised ofthis, decided to make another attempt.There was still a very heavy sea and astrong wind was blowing from N.W.Having received authority from the TrinityHouse doctor to land the man, the boatwas launched, taking off the Trinity boat-man, a relief keeper and provisions,succeeded in reaching the lighthouse,took on board the sick man, landed thesubstitute and provisions, and regainedher station at 11.30 A.M.

DUNBAB.—While a moderate. E. galewas blowing, accompanied by a heavysea and thick weather, on the morning ofthe 23rd February, intelligence wasreceived that a. large vessel, which wassubsequently ascertained to be the four-masted barque Ecclefechan, bound fromCalcutta for Dundee with a cargo ofjute, was stranded on the Chapel rocks,at Skateraw Point, between Dunbar andCookbnmspath. The Dunbar andThomtonloch Life-saving Brigades pro-ceeded to the rescue, but the vessel wastoo far distant from the shore to admit ofcommunication being obtained by meansof their apparatus, all the rockets firedfalling short. The Dunbar Life-boatSarah Pickard was therefore launched at

9.45 and in two trips rescued twenty-fourof the crew. The captain and three ofthe crew declined to leave the ship inspite of repeated warnings from theAssistant-Coxswain, who was in commandof the Boat in the absence of the Cox-swain, but they were afterwards taken offby a steam-tug, the vessel becoming atotal wreck. On the first trip fourteenmen were taken into the Life-boat andwere landed at Skateraw harbour. Onthe second occasion ten men were rescuedand landed at Dunbar, the arrival of theLife-boat being greeted by loud cheersfrom a large number of people who hadassembled to witness the proceedings.

POST EYNOS, GLAMOBGANSHIBB.—Thes.s. Ethiopia, of London, in ballast fromHamburg for Fort Talbot, stranded atOxwich Point in a very thick fog, amoderate S.W. breeze and a heavy groundswell, on the night of the 23rd February.She was sighted in the morning andinformation was given to the Coxswain ofthe Life-boat; he summoned the crew,and as soon as possible the Life-boat ADaughter's Offering was launched andproceeded to the vessel around which aheavy ground sea was breaking. At therequest of the captain the Life-boat stoodby, and when two steam-tugs and asteam pilot-boat arrived, ropes were gotfrom the Ethiopia to those steamers,which endeavoured to tow her off. They,however, found it impossible to moveher. The captain then hailed the Life-boat, which went alongside and took himto one of the tugs, in which he proceededto Swansea, the rest of the crew remainingon board the steamer and the Life-boatafterwards returning to her station.During the night the vessel "was carefullywatched from the shore, arrangementshaving been made with the mate forsignalling in case of emergency. Salvageoperations were subsequently commenced,and eventually she was dry-locked atPort Talbot.

PALLING, NOBFOLK.—While a moderatewind was blowing from E. by N., accom-panied by a heavy sea and a dense fog,on the 26th February, the Coxswain ofthe Life-boat was informed that a vesselwas riding in a dangerous position nearthe outer bank at Waxham and about amile south of Palling. The crew and

804 THE LIFE-BOAT. [Isi NOVEMBER, 1900.

helpers were at once summoned, horseswere obtained and the Life-boat GoodHope was taken on her transportingcarriage to Waxbam, where she waslaunched at 11.15 A.M., and fonnd thevessel was the ketch Ada Gane, of andfrom Harwich for South Shields, inballast. The Life-boat stood by her twoand a half hours, when the tide flowedand, the wind having shifted to 8.E., shewas able to get out of danger.

A message by telephone was receivedfrom the North Hasborough Light-vesselstating that a vessel was in need of assist-ance on the morning of the 5th June.The. weather was. foggy, the sea was veryheavy and a moderate gale was blowingfrom N.N.E. At 7.40 A.M. the Life-boatHearts of Oak was launched and whennear the Wold Light-ship was taken intow by a steam-tug towards the vesselwhich proved to be the steam trawlerOily of Edinburgh, of Grimsby. She hadstranded in the night, and shortly beforethe arrival of the Life-boat had got offthe sands but had lost her rudder. TheLife - boat remained by her until atemporary rudder was fixed and thevessel proceeded in a northerly direction.

APPLEDOBE.—On the 2nd March amessage by telephone was receivedstating that a , vessel was stranded onBaggy Leap. A moderate breeze wasthen blowing from N.N.E., the sea wassmooth and the weather fine and cold.At about 12.10 P.M. the Life-boat JaneHannah MacDonald was launched, andon reaching the vessel found she was theketch Fame, of and from Barnstaple,bound for Cardiff, laden with gravel. Asshe was in a dangerous position the Life-boat stood by her and ultimately some ofthe Life-boat men boarded her at themaster's request, assisted in throwingcargo overboard so as to lighten her, keptthe pumps at work, and rigged up extrapumps. When she floated the Life-boatmen set her sails, ran her into the harbour,the pumps being kept at work the wholetime to prevent her from sinking, andmoored her in a safe berth.

MABLETHOBPE, LINOOLNSHIBE.—WhDea moderate wind was blowing from N.,accompanied by a choppy sea, on the6th March, a messenger arrived fromTheddlethorpe and informed the coxswain

of the Life-boat Heyicood that a smallcraft was drifting in a S.E. direction.He added that he had seen what appearedto be a man on board baling water out ofthe boat. The coxswain at once sum-moned the crew, and on looking at theboat it was seen that she was fifing herjib and close to the mainmast was some-thing that certainly appeared to be aman. At noon the Life-boat was launchedand on reaching the boat fonnd the jibwas set and the mainsail hanging over-board, this was probably what had beenthought to be a man, but no one was onboard; she had, however, been recentlyoccupied, as the condition of some breadand meat found in the cabin showed thatthey had not long been placed there.She was of about two tons burden andfore and aft rigged, bat no trace of hername, port, or ownership could be- found.She was taken in tow by the Life-boatand on reaching the shore was handedover to the Eeceiver of Wrecks.

RAMSGATE.—In answer to signal gunsfired by the North Goodwin Light-vessel,on the 12th March, the Life-boat Bradfordproceeded in tow of the harbour steam-tug Aid to the Sands, at 9.15 AIT., andfound the Brigantine Eagle, of Waterford,laden with bone dust from London forNewport, had been aground, but had gotafloat again. The weather at the timewas thick, a light wind was blowing fromN.N.E. and there was a slight sea. Thevessel was well under way and declinedany assistance, but very shortly after-wards she again went aground, and asthe tide was falling the Life-boat men againoffered their services, which were accepted.A tow rope was then taken from the tugto the vessel, which was towed off theSands and was taken into BamsgateHarbour, arriving there at noon.

MABGATE.—On the evening of the 18thMarch the coastguards reported that avessel off the Margate Sandhead buoyhad just lost her foremast and gear, bntwas not showing any signal for assistance.A strong gale was then blowing from 3.by E., the sea was heavy and the weatherthick, with snow and sleet. At 5.50 shehoisted a signal of distress, and eightminutes later the No. 2 Life-boat CivilService, No. 1, was on her way tothe vessel, which was found to be the

IBT NOVEMBER, 1900.] THE LIFE-BOAT. 805

ketch Egremont, of Exeter, bound fromSouthampton for Chatham with timberand iron. Five of the Life-boat menboarded her and at the request of thecaptain the boat returned to the shore toobtain the services of a steam-tug. Amessage was despatched to Ramsgate, andas soon as possible the harbour tug Aidproceeded to the vessel, which had driftednear the Tongue light-vessel, and towedher into Ramggate Harbour at about4.15 A.M. The Egremont had a crew offive men.

BBANOASTIB, NORFOLK. — A telegramwas received from the coastguard re-porting a vessel in distress ofi BnrnhamFlats, on the 19th March, and as she wasshowing a signal for help the Life-boatAlfred S. Qenth put off to her assistance,at 1.45 P.M., and found she was theketch Queen Mob, of London, boundfrom Dunkirk for Lynn. Her mast andsails had been carried away in a squallon the previous night, one of her crewhad been killed by the falling gear, andthe master and the other two men form-ing the crew had left the vessel, whichwas afterwards taken charge of by thecrew of a fishing boat, and at their re-quest the Life-boat men assisted to takeher to Lynn.

CAMBOIS, NOBTBTJHBBBLAND.—On theafternoon of the 22nd March, while astrong gale was blowing from X., accom-panied by a very heavy sea, the coxswainof the Life-boat Otteald, Sarah and Janesaw a vessel strand on the South Bank atthe entrance to the river Wansbeck. Herforemast went by the board and as hercrew were evidently in danger he atonce summoned the crew, and at 2 P.M.the Life-boat was launched and proceededto the vessel, which proved to be theschooner Fredrick, of and from Bremer-haven, in ballast, for West Wemyss. Themaster and mate refused to leave theirship, but the crew of three men got intothe Life-boat and were safely landed.The boat returned to the vessel andshortly afterwards the mate decided toleave her and got into the Life-boat, butthe master adhered to his decision andwould not leave. Just as the mateentered the boat a heavy sea struck her,carried her about fifty yards away, andcaused three of the orew to lose their oars,

which, however, drifted ashore and wereultimately secured. The mate waslanded and it was decided to place theLife-boat on her carriage and leave her athigh-water mark ready for any emergency.Almost immediately after this had beendone the captain signalled for help,whereupon the boat was once morelaunched and brought him safely to land.These services occupied the Life-boat menuntil about 5 P.M., and there was nodoubt then that the vessel would be atotal wreck.

NBWBIGGIN, NOBTHUMBSBIAND.—Theschooner Aspirant, of Stavanger, ran intothe bay, being unable to beat off the shorein a moderate E. gale, a heavy sea andthick weather, on the 22nd March. TheLife-boat Robert and Susan, on her trans-porting carriage, was taken by horses tothe most suitable place for launching, andshortly after 4 P.M. was on her way to thevessel, which was rapidly driving ashore.Within ten minutes after she had struck,the Life-boat had rescued and landedher crew of six men, the vessel beinglikely to be a total wreck.

PORTHOXJSTOCK, COBHWALL.—At about6 A.M., on the 23rd March, the Coxswainof the Life-boat Charlotte, waa informedthat a vessel was firing signals of distress,having stranded on the Manacles rocks. Alight wind wag then blowing from N.E.,and the sea was moderate, but the weatherwas thick. The crew of the Life-boatwere summoned, at about 6.30 the boatwas launched, and on reaching the vesselfound she was the barque O.B., of andfrom Fecamp, bound for the Newfoundlandfishery, and laden with salt. Havingslightly struck the reef known as theOuter Main Voices, she had anchored, andwas lying in a most dangerous position,close to a mass of sunken rocks. TheWaster refused any assistance from theLife-boat men, stating that all he requiredwas a steam-tug, and ultimately onearrived, and with the help of some fisher-men got a hawser on board, but it parted,and the tug, apparently not caring to facethe danger of the rocks, did not makeanother attempt to effect communicationwith the vessel. Afterwards, the steam-tug Eagle, of Falmonth, arrived, and theservices of two of the Life-boat men havingbeen asked for, to pilot her amongst the

___

806 THE LIFE-BOAT. [1ST NOVBJUWB, 1900.

rocks, they were pat on board; the hawserwas attached to the barque, she was towedout of danger, and was taken intoFalmonth harbour.

GOBLEBTON, SUFFOLK.—The Life-boatThora Zelma was launched at 3.50 P.M.,on the 7th April, information having beenreceived that a three-masted schooner hadstranded on the outer bank. A N.E. byN. wind was blowing; the sea was smoothand the weather fine but very thick, andthere was a dense sea fog. The strandedvessel proved to be the Brazilian, of andfrom South Shields, bound for Waterford,with a cargo of coal. The Life-boatremained by her, some of her crew assist-ing at the pumps, and when the tideflowed at about 3 A.M., she was got out ofdanger.

The Coxswain of the Life-boat MarkLane having been informed by a coast-guardsman that a steamer was agroundon the Cross Sand, while the wind wasblowing from W., accompanied by a mode-rate sea and thick weather, on the 7thJune, he at once summoned the crew,and at 10.55 A.M. the Life-boat waslaunched. On arriving at the south partof the sand, the s.s. Flamirjo, of Hall,homeward bound from Dunkirk, with ageneral cargo, was found stranded, andthe Life-boat stood by her for three hours,when she got off the sand and proceededon her way.

At 2.43 P.M., on the 19th June, theCoastguard reported to the Coxswain ofthe Life-boat Mark Lane that a vesselwas aground on the Cross Sand, and inseven minutes the Life-boat was launched.A south-easterly wind was blowing andthere was a moderate sea. The strandedvessel was the schooner Helene, ofGroningen, laden with cement, fromRochester for Kirkoaldy, and, with thehelp of the Life-boat men and a steam-tug, she was got off the sand at 11.35,the Life-boat regaining her station at1.45 on the following morning.

DUNQBNKSS (LTDD).—The Life-boatB.A.O.S. was launched at 1.40 A.M.,on the llth April, while a moderate galewas blowing from W., accompanied by arough sea, and proceeded to the assistanceof the barque Oapella, of Bremen, which,while proceeding homewards from theWest Indies, with a general cargo, stranded

on the Newcombe Bar. At the master'srequest, the Life-boat stood by the vesseluntil the tide rose, and she got afloat again.

STAITHES, YoBxsmM.—The suddenrising of the sea, on the 17th April,rendered it dangerous for some of thefishing cobles to return to the shore.The Life-boat Jonathan Stott was there-fora launched at about 1.15 P.M. andassisted the last two boats which arrived.

FENIT (TBALEE BAT), Co. K«BBY.—TheLife-boat John Willmot was launched at1 P.M. on the 19th April and proceededto the fishing steamer Salamander whichhad stranded on a dangerous reef ofrocks in Brandon Bay in a dense fog.The Life-boat wai towed by the steamerQueenborough, a sister ship of theSalamander, and on reaching the latterfound that seven of her crew had jumpedoverboard and had been washed ashore atGarry William Point. They were takeninto the Life-boat and landed at Fenit.One of the men had been much injuredin an unsuccessful endeavour to rescuethe -mate, who was washed overboarddirectly after the vessel struck. Thesteamer became a total wreck.

SCABBOBOIJGH.—The coxswain of theLife-boat Queensbury having been in-formed that some fishing cobles were indanger, the Life-boat was launched at4.45 A.M. on the 25th April, while amoderate gale was blowing from N.E.,accompanied by a rough sea. She pro-ceeded in a south-easterly direction, andwhen about a third of a mile from theeast pier met the coble Snowdrop andaccompanied her to the harbour. TheLife-boat went out again, proceeding inan easterly direction, but when aboutthree quarters of a mfle from the shoreshe was recalled by signal, news hayingbeen received that the cobles had arrivedat Eobin Hood's Bay.

WINTEBTON, NORFOLK.—Signals havingbeen fired by the Wold light-vessel onthe night of the 26th April, the Life-boatMargaret was launched at 11.30. Asouth-westerly wind was then blowingand the sea was moderate. Proceedingin the direction of the Hasborongh Sand,flares were shown by a vessel strandedthere, and on reaching her she was found

1ST NOVBKBBB, 1900.] THE LIFE-BOAT. 807

to be the fishing dandy Ste. Marie merede Diev, of and from GravelineB, boundfor Wick. A boy was taken into theLife-boat, which remained by the vesseluntil she floated, when the boy was puton board again and the Life-boat madefor her station, the master of the fishing-boat requiring no farther help.

BOBM HOOD'S BAY, YOBKSHIBE.—Thefishing coble Star of Bethlehem, of Scar-borough, was seen some distance off thebay, on the morning of the 30th April,and, as the heavy sea then running'wouldrender -it very dangerous for her toattempt to land, the Life-boat Ephraimand Hannah Fox was launched at 6.30,took the fishing-boat in tow and broughther safely to land.

BUOKIE, BANFFSHIBB.—The luggerMary, of Buckle, was taken off the beach,at about midnight on the 30th April, inorder to proceed to Gluny Harbour to befitted out for the west coast herringfishery. A whole gale suddenly sprungup from N.N.W., accompanied by a heavysea, and the boat failed to enter theharbour and was carried past it. Sheimmediately dropped her anchor, but itdragged for a considerable distance andthe boat gradually drifted near the rocksat Janstown, near Buckie. The crewof the Life-boat James Sharps weresummoned, and when it was seen thatthe lugger would certainly be drivenashore unless she had assistance the boatwas launched, taking out an anchor, twochains and a spring rope belonging to theowners of the fishing boat. The boat bymeans of this tackle was securely moored,and rode out the gale, which shortlyafterwards moderated, her crew of ninemen getting into the Life-boat and reach-ing the land at 9 A.M.

THUBSO ADD WICK, CUTHNESB-SHIBE.—While a moderate breeze was blowingfrom 8., accompanied by a rough sea, onthe 2nd May, the coxswain of the WickLife-boat received notice, at 6.30 A.M.,that a steamer was aground at the backof the North Quay of Wick Harbour andin need of assistance. He at once sum-moned his crew and manned the ThursoLife-boat Co-operator No. 3, which waslying afloat in the harbour at Wick,having put in there after proceeding to

the assistance of a distressed vessel onthe previous day. The stranded vesselproved to be the s.s. Shaw, of Aberdeen,a line fishing-boat, homeward bound fromStornoway, where her crew had left her,and having only the master and engineeron board. They got into the Life-boatand landed at about 8.30.

MONTBOSB, FOBFABSHIBB.—Nine of thelarge fishing-boats went out to the linefishery grounds, about ninety miles dis-tant from the land, on the morning ofthe 8th May. On the following eveningthe wind, which was blowing from E.N.E.,increased to a moderate gale, causing avery heavy sea, and, as it was expectedthat the boats would be compelled toreturn to the harbour for safety, a goodlook out was kept for them. About half-an-honr after midnight the coxswain ofthe Life-boat received a telephone mes-sage from the coastguard station at Usan,stating that flares were seen in the offingand that they had evidently been shownby the boats. He was also informed thatone of them had arrived in the harbourand that her crew reported there was aheavy sea on the bar and that it was advis-able that the Life-boat should proceed thereto help the other boats. At about 1 A.M.the reserve Life-boat, temporarily placedon this station, was launched and saw thefour boats which were the last to comein safely across the bar; they were theCamelia, Magdalene, Mon Ami and AnnieMearns. The crew of the Eoae decidednot to incur the risk of crossing the barand made for Arbroath, where they arrivedsafely, and the boat Pilgrim kept at seauntil about 11 A.M., when the weathermoderated and she was able to enter theharbour. The Life-boat remained afloatuntil 9 A.M.

SOUTHEND-ON-SBA, ESSEX.—While amoderate gale was blowing from the E.,accompanied by a rough sea and rainsqualls, on the 14th May, the coxswainof the Life-boat Jamet Stevent No. 9, wasinformed that the light-vessel was firingsignal guns for a three-masted schooneraground on the Nore Sand. The waterwas then low, but fearing that as the tiderose the sea would become heavier, hesummoned the crew; the Life-boat waslaunched at 7 A.M., and on reaching thevessel, at 8 o'clock, found she was the

808 THE LIFE-BOAT. [1ST NOVEMBER 1900.

Sidney Smith, of Portmadoc, bound fromLondon for Falmouth with cement andballast and haying on board the master,his sister and a crew of five men. Themaster having engaged the services of theLife-boat men, they succeeded in gettingthe vessel off the sand and took her toGravesend, arriving there at about 1 P.M.Having moored her to a buoy the boatreturned to her station, which was reachedat 4.30.

LOWESTOFT. — The attention of thecoxswain of the Life - boat, SamuelPlinsoll, was called to a steamer whichwas showing flares for a pilot, onthe night of 15th May, and on lookingat her he saw that her course was takingher towards the N.E. Newcome Sand;five minutes later she went aground. Amoderate gale was blowing from N.E. byE., and there was a short, choppy sea.The crew of the Life-boat were sum-moned; at nine o'clock the boat waslaunched, starting tinder sail but beingpicked up by the steam-tug Lowestoftwhich towed her near the vessel. Onarriving alongside it was found she wasthe 8.s. Skulda, of Grangemouth, boundfrom Windan for Lowestoft, laden withsleepers, and having on board a crew ofseventeen persons. The master asked theLife-boat men to remain by him andrender assistance. Some of the menhelped to throw overboard the deck cargoso as to lighten the ship, an anchor waslaid out, a tow rope was taken fromthe tug to the Skulda, and at about 6.30on the following morning she was got offthe sand and was taken into Lowestoftharbour.

DOVER.—Signals of distress were firedby the light-vessel moored off the worksin progress at the Admiralty pier, on thenight of the 16th May .while a strong breezewas blowing from N.E. The Life-boat,Lewis Morice, was launched at 10.15, andascertained that the lightship had beenrun into by a large steamer. The boatremained by the vessel until daylight,when it was found that there was no needto stay longer.

CABGWITH, COBNWALL.—The full-riggedship, Wandsbek, of Hamburg, struck onthe Dales rocks at the Lizard Point, onthe 26th May. Bookets were fired from

the signal station, the Life-boat MinnitMoon wai launched at 4.5 P.M. in responseto them, and remained during the nightby the vessel on board of which thecaptain remained, the crew having left inthe ship's boats. The ship was firmlyfixed on the rocks which penetrated her,her cargo of wheat being sodden withwater became swollen, burst the decks,and she became a total wreck. She hadanchored at Falmouth a few days pre-viously, from Portland, U.S., awaitingorders, and was on her way to Liverpoolto discharge her cargo when the casualtyovertook her,

BEOADSTAIES.—At 4.45 A.M. on the29th May, the Life-boat Francet ForbesBarton was launched and proceeded to thebrig Danube, of Whitby, coal laden fromShields for Dover, which was stranded onthe N. Goodwin Sands. A N.N.W. windwas blowing and the sea was moderate.The Life-boat stood by until the vesselfloated and was towed by a steam-tugclear of the sands.

A dismasted yacht being seen off theNorth Foreland while a moderate galewas blowing, accompanied by a heavy sea,on the 5th June, the Life-boat FrancesForbet Barton was launched at 5 P.M.,and on reaching the vessel found she wasthe yawl Dorothy, of Southend. She wasdrifting towards the Lougnose rocks.Some of the Life-boat men boarded her,with difficulty a tow rope was got onboard, and she was towed clear of thebroken water and was taken to Bamsgate.There were two persons on board, and themaster stated that a heavy sea breakingon the mainsail had caused the mast togo over the side of the vessel.

SHKEINQHAM, NOEFOLK.—On the 29thMay the private Life-boat Henry BarneyUpcher was launched to the assistanceof seven boats which were returningfrom fishing off Blakeney, in a moderateto strong gale from N.N.E. and a roughsea. As the Life-boat had to pull forthree miles or more against wind and tide,a double crew was taken and havingembarked-a farther number of seven-teen men from the fishing boats shewas over-loaded and her Coxswain feltsome anxiety as to her safety in returningthrough the broken water, which extendednearly a mile out from the shore. He

1ST NOVKMBKB, 1900.] THE LIFE-BOAT. 809

therefore signalled for the Institution'sLife-boat William Bennett, which put offat about 3 P.M., and stood by the other boatuntil all danger was past. The fisher-men's boats had to be left to drift ashore;fire of them were washed up safely andwere secured, but the other two weredashed to pieces.

HOYLAKE, CHESHIBE.—The Coastguardon duty haying observed a vessel agroundon the East Hoyle bank, while a S.W.gale was blowing with a rough sea onthe 29th May, informed the Coxswainof the Life-boat Coard William Sguarey,and at 7.22 P.M. the boat was launched.The vessel wag found to be the B.S.Dolphin, of Manchester, and the Life-boat stood by her until she floated at4.30 on the following morning.

BHOBCOLYN, ANGLESEY.—A very thickfog prevailed here on the night of the15th June, and at about 5.30 on thefollowing morning the coxswain of theLife-boat, who had been watching duringthe night, heard voices close to the signaland look-out station. He, as soon as pos-sible, fired signals to summon the crew,and putting off with others in small boatsfound the s.s. Avon, bound for Liverpoolwith fire-clay, stranded on the rocksunder the flagstaff, but the captaindeclined any assistance. Shortly afterseven o'clock the sea, which had been upto that time smooth, became lumpy anddangerous for the small boats, and it wastherefore decided to return to the shoreand take out the Life-boat Ramon Cabrerato stand by the steamer in case she shouldget free of the rocks with the-rising'tideand her crew be in danger, it having beenstated that the ship was leaking. Justas the Life-boat arrived the steamerfloated, hoisted her two boats which hadbeen lowered, and proceeded on herjourney. The Life-boat followed heruntil she was out of the bay.

HUNA, CAITHNESS-SHIBE.—On receipt ofa telegram from Brougb, the Life-boatCaroline and Thomas was launched at6 P.M. on the 21st June, proceeded to theFentland Skerries and found the fishinglugger Magdalen Hughes, of Kirkcaldy,stranded on the S.W. point of LittleSkerry. Her crew had landed, and theLife-boat men assisted them to save

their nets and other materials, it bungprobable that the lugger would becomea total wreck. The weather was thick atthe time of stranding, a light E. windwas blowing and the sea was smooth.

KEDCAB, YOBKSHIBE.—At about 10 A.H.,on the 25th June, a rowing boat, whichhad gone out early in the morning togather mussels in the Tees, attempted tomake for Bedcar. Her crew of a manand two boys were in danger as the windhad increased and the sea had becomerough, and the Life-boat Brothers there-fore proceeded to their assistance andbrought them safely ashore.

WALTON-ON-THE-NAZI.—In a lightwind, a moderate sea and hazy weather,on the morning of the 28th June, a tele-phone message was received from theGrunfleet Lighthouse reporting a barqueashore. The crew of the Life-boatHonourable Artillery Company were sum-moned and the boat was taken on hertransporting carriage along the beach andlaunched at the East Terrace breakwaterat 7.15. Proceeding under oars and sailthe boat was picked up by a steam-tug,which kindly towed her near the strandedvessel, which was the Argo, of Tvede-strand, bound from Hnsnm for Londonwith firewood. She was reached at 8.45,and on boarding her the coxswain of theLife-boat ascertained that she was leak-ing badly, and he agreed with the masterthat the Life-boat men should assist atthe pumps and help to throw the deckcargo overboard, so as to lighten the ship.These operations were continued untilhigh water, but she did not get off thesand. The wind then springing up fromthe E. caused the sea to increase, and theLife-boat men consented to remain, untilthe tide again made, when, with the helpof two steam-tugs, the barque was gotclear of the sand; only just in time, foras she left it the tide was commencing toebb. She was assisted into Harwich, herrudder being disabled, and was left atanchor there, the Life-boat regaining herstation shortly after noon on the follow-ing day. The barque had a crew ofthirteen men.

SOABBOBOUGH.—Two boatmen who werelooking out from the Castle Yard, on themorning of the 21st July, observed a

810 THE LIFE-BOAT. [1ST NOVKMBIB, 1900.

vessel stranded about three miles N. Theweather was thick, no wind was blowingand the sea was moderately rough. TheLife-boat Quecnsbury was launched at4.30, proceeded to the steam trawler In-dwtria, of Hull, which was lying in thebay awaiting the tide, and was towed byher to the stranded vessel which provedto be the brigantine Kathleen, of SouthShields, bound from Newhaven for theTyne in ballast. She had run aground ina dense fog which had prevailed duringthe night. Considerable difficulty wasexperienced by the Life-boat in gettingnear her, owing to the heavy sea and thedangerous rocks on which the vessel wasstriking heavily, but ultimately the boatsucceeded in getting alongside and rescuedthe crew of six men and a retriever dog.The vessel was half full of water, had losther rudder, and was otherwise muchdamaged.

COUBTMACSHKBBT, Co. CoBK.—On theevening of the 20th July a large steamerwas reported in distress in SevenheadsBay. The weather at the time was foggy,there was no wind, and the sea was smooth.At 6 P.M., the Life-boat Farrant proceededto the assistance of the vessel and foundher to be the Texan, of and from Liver-pool, bound for St. Thomas, with a generalcargo, and having about two hundredpersons on board. She had a large holeamidships, having been in collision withanother steamer in the fog, and wouldhave been in a critical condition if thesea had risen. The Life-boat remained byher until two steam tugs arrived fromQaeenstown and took her in tow.

DOUGLAS, ISLE OF MAN.—At about4 P.M. on Saturday, the 21st July, thesteamer Lily, of Liverpool, which had leftthat port in the morning with six hundredand twenty-eight passengers for Douglas,ran aground on the rocks at OnchanHarbour, North Bay, Douglas, in a densefog. Signals were fired from the RocketStation and the Life-boat Civil Service,No. 6, put off in response, the launchoccupying only five minutes, and stood bythe vessel. Fortunately the weather wascalm and the sea smooth, so that those onboard, many of whom were women andchildren, wero in no immediate danger.Steam ferries, a number of harbour boatsand pleasure boats, proceeded to the

stranded vessel, the rocket brigade effectedcommunication with her and all renderedvaluable help in getting the people ashore,the boats also landing some of the pas-sengers' luggage. Several residents andvisitors also arrived from the Howst-rake district and assisted the rescuedpeople up the cliff side, and in about anhour after the time of striking the rocksall of them were safe on shore. On thefollowing morning the vessel slid off therocks at high water and proceeded underher own steam to the Victoria Fier, whereshe was berthed, a large concourse ofpeople watching the operation from thecliffs. •

FOBT EEEOLL, ABBBDEENSHIBB.—Atabout 7 o'clock on the morning of the29th July a dense fog, which had prevailedabout eight hours, lifted and disclosed avessel close in shore at Whinnyfold, Southof Crnden Scars, and apparently on therocks. A crew for the Life-boat France*Camilla Howard having been obtained,the boat" was launched, proceeded to thevessel, and found she was the barqueLady Penrhyn, of Christiania, fromHamburg, in ballast, bound, it was under-stood, for St. John's. She was not onthe rooks, as had been supposed, but waslying about a hundred yards from themand was unable to get away from herdangerous position without the aid of asteam-tug. At the master's request theLife-boat returned to Port Enroll, landedone of her crew to telegraph to Aberdeenfor a tug, and again proceeded to thevessel, remaining by her until no furtherhelp was needed.

MARGATE.—Signals were shown by avessel in Margate Boads, while a wholegale was blowing from N.W., accompaniedby a very heavy sea and thick weather,with rain, on the 3rd August. The Life-boat Civil Service, No. 1, was launched at11.40 P.M. and found the vessel was thebarge Intrepid, of Ipswich, bound fromLondon for Dover, laden with maize, andhaving on board the master, the mate, andthe master's wife. The vessel was ridingat anchor, she was very low in the water,and it was feared that she would founder.Three times the Life-boat got a ropeattached to her, but on each occasion itparted. At the last attempt, owing to thebarge driving on the main, the Life-boat

1ST NOVEHBEB, 1900.] THE LIFE-BOAT. 811

had not sufficient time to hoist her sailsbefore she touched the rocks; her anchorwas at once let go, and she rode with herhead to sea, bat finding it impossible toget off, and those on board the bargecontinuing to signal for help, it was decidedto cut the cable, losing about two fathomsof it and the anchor, the latter beingsubsequently recovered, and make anotherattempt to reach the vessel. A rope wasgot on board, and having been made fast,the three persons were taken into the boat.It was then daylight and the Life-boatremained by the barge for about twohours, the captain and five men were puton board her, the anchor was slipped andshe was taken to Bamsgate, the master'swife and the mate being taken ashore inthe Life-boat.

BEOADSTAIES.—Messages by telephonewere received on the morning of the 4thAugust, intimating that the services ofthe Life-boat were required. A wholegale was then blowing from N.W., therewas a heavy sea and rain was fallingat intervals. The Life-boat Frand* Forbe*Barton was launched at 6 A.M., and pro-ceeding to Margate Roads found the ketchThomai and Edwin, of Plymouth, ladenwith cement from London for Dartmouth,and having a crew of three men. She hadlost her anchor and chain and her rigging,etc., was in a damaged condition. Fourof the Life-boatmen boarded her and withtheir help she was taken to Bamsgate andwag safely berthed in the harbour at 9 A.M.The Life-boat then went in the directionof two other vessels which were showingsignals of distress, but two steam-tugsarrived and each of them took one of thevessels in tow to Bamsgate.

BAMSEY, ISLE OF MAN.—At about12.15 P.M., on the 3rd August, the fishingsmack Queen, of Douglas, was observedmaking for the harbour, and in attemptingto enter she struck on the bar and strandedopposite the Life-boat House. As amoderate gale was blowing from N.E.,and there was a heavy sea, the Life-boatMary Isabella put off to her assistanceand rescued her crew, consisting of threemen, safely landing them at 1.15. Twohours later the smack, which hadbeen got afloat, was taken into theharbour.

WEST HABTLEPOOL.—On the afternoonof the 3rd August, the brigantine WilliamGrow, of Great Yarmouth, was seen to bedrifting ashore. A whole gale wasblowing from E.N.E., the weather wasthick and there was a heavy sea, and as itdid not seem probable that she would getout of danger the crew of the Life-boatForetter's Pride were summoned, and at5.30 P.M. the Boat was launched. Withconsiderable difficulty the vessel wasreached and her crew of four men wererescued and landed at 7 o'clock.

FlSHGUABD, PlMBBOKESHIRE.—While astrong gale was blowing from N.N.W.,accompanied by a rough sea and squallyweather, on the 3rd August, signals ofdistress were shown by the schoonerAlbion, of and from Buncorn, for theYealm river, Devonshire, with coal, whichwas riding heavily at anchor in the bay.The Life-boat Appin was launched at 6.30P.M., reached the vessel in six minutes,and rescued her crew consisting of themaster and three men. While the boatwas taking these men off the vessel,another schooner, which waa at anchorclose by, and also riding heavily, showedsignals for assistance. The Life-boattherefore proceeded to her and took off hercrew of the master and four men. Thisvessel was the Stther, of and for Plymouth,from Buncorn, with a cargo of coal. Thetwo schooners rode out the gale whichshortly afterwards abated; the Eitherhowever parted one of her cables.

EASTBOUBNS.—On the 3rd August,while a gale was blowing from S., accom-panied by a very heavy sea and rain, theschooner Caroline, of London, bound fromQoole for Portland with a cargo of coal,parted her cable and drifted towards theshore, ultimately stranding about twomiles eastward of the Life-boat housewhere she became a total wreck. Thecrew of the Life-boat Jamet Stevens, No 6,were summoned, and at 9.30 A.M., theBoat waa launched, rowed to the weatherside of the vessel, anchored and veereddown to her. Her crew of three men gotinto the Life-boat and were taken safelyashore at about 11.15. The master,however, refused to leave the vessel, butthe windincreased and the schooner driftedon to the main, and at 11.30 the Coast-gauds fired a line over the ship by means

the Lvfe Boat Journal.

THEf 1898-99.

SHOWING A1SO THE PRESENT

LIFE BOAT STATIONS.OI" THE

ROYA.L NATIONAL LIFE BOAT INSTITUTION:

^^j. %« >R»4S1

SI6HIFIE5 A TOTAL LOSS OR t. SERIOUS CASUALTY.

REPRESENTS A LIFE BOAT*

ScaJ» o£ Niiutic Mfles

***~a?tsr^

Duo-ing the, year ended/ tkz SO^Jiatf 1893, Ae Nujnktr ofIxfat' or dkvnuuj&iGn< th& ctxvrfe, and in- tlw, gcaa ui'th**, UyiiUciKi

u cases of minor dajnaf,, was 5040 &nd, iJm- loss of' Life*fay as

Life Beats. Roches &c. Stations,

There eure ..... Z1Z .......... ZJ3 ........ in, EnglacndA ?Mes.„ ........ 4-7 ....... .45. ........ ,, Scotland-.

'..-* Ireland.6 ............ 4- ....... „ Isle vfMan^,Z ........ 0 ...... . „ Channel Island* ,

Standidge & C? L*4 Litho. London.£.

the Lvfe Boat Journal.

THEf 1898-99.

SHOWING A1SO THE PRESENT

LIFE BOAT STATIONS.OI" THE

ROYA.L NATIONAL LIFE BOAT INSTITUTION:

^^j. %« >R»4S1

SI6HIFIE5 A TOTAL LOSS OR t. SERIOUS CASUALTY.

REPRESENTS A LIFE BOAT*

ScaJ» o£ Niiutic Mfles

***~a?tsr^

Duo-ing the, year ended/ tkz SO^Jiatf 1893, Ae Nujnktr ofIxfat' or dkvnuuj&iGn< th& ctxvrfe, and in- tlw, gcaa ui'th**, UyiiUciKi

u cases of minor dajnaf,, was 5040 &nd, iJm- loss of' Life*fay as

Life Beats. Roches &c. Stations,

There eure ..... Z1Z .......... ZJ3 ........ in, EnglacndA ?Mes.„ ........ 4-7 ....... .45. ........ ,, Scotland-.

'..-* Ireland.6 ............ 4- ....... „ Isle vfMan^,Z ........ 0 ...... . „ Channel Island* ,

Standidge & C? L*4 Litho. London.£.

812 THE LIFE-BOAT. [Isi NOVEMBEB, 1900.

of the rocket apparatus, and the captainwas hauled ashore.

WILLS, NORFOLK.—The ketch Hopewell,of Lynn, bound for Wells from Hull withcorn and cake, arrived in Holkham bayon the afternoon of the 3rd August, justafter high water, and was lying thereawaiting the next tide when she wouldproceed to the quay. A heavy galehowever sprung up at about ten o'clockat night and the vessel dragged her twoanchors, drove on the East bar about 4A.M., and at once sunk, the master andcrew of two men taking to the rigging.The weather was so thick and the rain soheavy that unfortunately the men werenot observed from the shore until about8 o'clock. The crew of the Life-boatBaltic were summoned, the Boat waslaunched, and on reaching the Scalp Beaconwas taken in tow by the steam tug Marie,which took her to windward of the wreck;the Boat then sailed down to the vesseland with some difficulty succeeded inrescuing the men, who were greatlyexhausted, from their perilous position..One of the crew of the Life-boat had anarrow escape while assisting to get themfrom the rigging. He was washed out ofthe Boat on the windward side and cameup on the leeward side, when he was at

once grasped by his companions and pulledon board.

In connection with this service, agratifying letter, of which the followingis a copy, was received by the HonorarySecretary of the Wells Branch of theInstitution:—

" Wells-next-the-Sea,"llth August, 1900.

"I, K. W. Green, late of the ketchHopewell, stranded off Wells on the 4thinst., on behalf of myself and crew whowere rescued by the Life-boat Baltic,feeling desirous of conveying our heart-felt thanks to the National Life-boatInstitution, and more particularly theWells Branch, beg that you, Sir, will bethe medium of conveying the same.

" Had it not been for the promptnessin launching and the skilful handlingof the boat by Coxswain Crawford andcrew, I feel assured the result must havebeen different.

"Again I thank all concerned in therescue.

" I am, Sir," Yours faithfully,

(Signed) " E. W. GBEEN."

"H. E. LOYNES, Esq.," Bank House,

"Wells."

THE WEECK EEGISTEE AND CHAET FOE THE YEAE ENDEDTHE 30TH JUNE, 1899.

TH« people of a maritime nation likeGreat Britain should be especially in-terested in any statistics relating to shipsand sailors, and such matters are it maybe assumed of particular importance tothe friends and supporters of the' EOTALNATIONAL LIM-BOAT INSTITUTION, thesole object and. aim of which is to savelife from shipwrecks on the coasts of theUnited Kingdom. We purpose there-fore, according to our annual practice, toplace before our readers a digest of thelatest of the invaluable tables of statisticsissued by the Board of Trade in their

well-arranged Blue-Book, relative toshipping casualties on or near our coastsduring the year ended the 30th June oflast year; and in doing so we feel surethat it must be evident to every thought-ful reader how important a matter it isthat the fullest and strongest supportshould be given to any work, the inten-tion and the result of which is tominimize, and as far as possible toprevent the loss of life in connectionwith shipping casualties on our rock-bound shores.

It is shown that the total number of

1ST NOVEMBEB, 1900.] THE LIFE-BOAT. 813

shipping casualties which occurred on ornear the coasts of the United Kingdom inthe year 1898-9 was 5,040, this totalbeing unfortunately an increase of 76as compared with the preceding twelvemonths. The total number of lives lostas a result of these casualties was 520,no less than 225 more than in the year1897-8. On examination, however, it isfound that nearly half of this largeincrease was due to the sad wreck of thes.s. Mohegan on the Manacles (Cornwall),on the 14th October, 1898, when 106souls perished.

The total of casualties (5,040) includedaccidents of every description befalling allclasses of vessels—collisions, founderings,strandings, missing vessels, etc. Weclassify these casualties as. follows : (1),Total loss ; (2), Serious casualties ; (3),Minor casualties. Under the first two ofthese headings there was a considerabledecrease, the cases of total loss and seriouscasualties falling from 1,367 (the totalfor the year 1897-8) to 1,276, a reductionof 91; bat the oases of minor casualtiesshowed an increase of 167, the totalnumber being 3,764 We regret to reportthat life was lost in 131 instances—aconsiderable increase of 34 as comparedwith the previous twelve months.

As has almost always happened, thecases of collision represented in the year1898-9 a large proportion of the casual-ties, the total being 1,715, or 7 morethan in the preceding year, and thecasualties which involved total loss, colli-sions not being included, increased from279 to 309. The total of serious casual-ties, however, fell from 696 to 644, theminor casualties rising to 2,372 from2,281.

Of the total casualties (5,040) 4,434befel British and Colonial vessels and 606foreign vessels. It is gratifying to note,however, that the total of the British andColonial casualties was 21 less than thatof the year 1897-8. On the other hand,

the total of foreign casualties showed amuch to be regretted increase of 97 cases.

The localities of the casualties, exclud-ing collisions, were as follows :—EastCoast of England, 763, or 161 less thanthe preceding year; south coast, 560, or10 less than in the previous year ; -westcoast of England and Scotland and eastcoast of Ireland, 1,357, or 162 more thanin the year 1897-8 ; north coast of Scot-land, 105, a decrease of 52 ; east coastof Scotland, 272, an increase of 110 ;other parts, 268, an increase of 20—total*3,325, or 69 more than the precedingyear.

The loss of life, which, after all, is themost important matter, resulting fromthe casualties in the various districts,including collision cases, was as follows :East coast of England, 93, or 4 morethan in 1897-8 ; south coast of England148 (including 106 lives—62 crew and44 passengers—lost at the wreck of theMohecjan], or 116 more than the precedingyear; west coast of England and Scot-land and east -coast of Ireland, 118,double the number of the previous year;notth coast of Scotland, 14, or 22 lessthan in 1897-8 ; east coast of Scotland,55, a remarkable increase of 54; otherparts, 92 ; total, 520.

On the Chart of the United Kingdom,which we publish annually, will be founda black dot entered against each spot onwhich any serious shipping casualtyoccurred during the year ended the 30thJune, 1899; also the precise position ofeach of the 287 Life-boats of the BOTALNATIONAL LIFE-BOAT INSTITUTION, so thatat a glance it will be seen that the boatshave been judiciously and usefully placed.

Between the year 1861 and the 30thJune, 1899, 5,974 British, Colonial andForeign vessels were wrecked on or nearour coast, involving loss of life in everycase, the total number of lives sosacrificed being 25,951. Of the 520persons who were drowned in the year

814 THE LIFE-BOAT. [Isr NOVIMBEB, 1900.

1898-9, 407 were from British andColonial vessels, and 113 from Foreignvessel?. These statistics compared withthose of the preceding year (1897-8) givean increase of 137 in the lives lost fromBritish and Colonial vessels, and anincrease of 88 in those lost from Foreignvessels.

Of the 520 lives lost in the year underconsideration (1898-9), 46 were lost infoundered vessels, 76 in collisions, 253 instranded vessels, or 162 more than in the•previous year ; 56 in missing vessels, anincrease of 6'as compared with the year1897-8 ; and 89 in explosions, washedoverboard, etc. Only 65 out of the 520persons who perished were passengers,455 of them being either officers ormembers of the crews of the vessels.

The number of vessels meeting withcasualties on or near the coasts of theUnited Kingdom must of necessity varyfrom year to year, sometimes increas-ing and sometimes, happily, decreasing.The following table furnishes thestatistics for the last 46 years:—1854 (last six months), 458; 1855,1,141; 1856,1,153; 1857, 1,143; 1858,1,170; 1859, 1,416; 1860, 1,379; 1861,1,494; 1862, 1,827; 1863,2,001; 1864,1,741; 1865, 2,012; 1866, 2,289; 1867,2,513; 1868,2,131; 1869,2,594; 1870,1,865; 1871, 1,927; 1872, 2,381; 1873(first six months), 1,206; 1873-4, 2,191;1874-5, 4,259; 1875-6,4,554; 1876-7,5,017; 1877-8, 4,436; 1878-9, 3,716;1879-80, 3,138; 1880-1, 4,297; 1881-2,4,367; 1882-3, 4,363; 1883-4, 4,405;1884-5,3,764; 1885-6, 3,596; 1886-7,4,224; 1887-8, 4,004; 1888-9, 4,272;1889-90, 4,344; 1890-1, 4,198; 1891-2,4,710; 1892-3, 3,499; 1893-4, 4,951;1894-5, 4,917; 1895-6, 4,620; 1896-7,5,277; 1897-8, 4,964; 1898-9, 5,040.Total, 144,964.

Although during a period little exceed-ing a generation the number of livesperishing from shipwreck on or near our

shores has amounted to the terrible totalof 29,790, it is consoling to know that,had it not been for the work done by theLife-boats and crews of the Borii,NATIONAL LIFE-BOAT INSTITUTION, &c.,the number of lives lost would havebeen considerably more than doubled, thetotal number of lives rescued by thesemeans in the same period being 32,039,so that the lives thus saved exceededthose which were lost by 2,249.

The Institution granted rewards in1899 for saving 609 lives from shipwreckand for the landing of 67 other persons,by means of Life-boats, from apparentlyperilous positions.

The 313 rocket apparatus and otherstations, which are so well managed bythe Board of Trade and admirably workedby the Coastguard and Eooket Brigades,persevermgly carry on their importantlife-saving duties, and were instrumentalin the year 1898-9 in rescuing 223persons from a watery grave. This totalwas an increase of 92 as compared withthat of the previous year.

Having regard, therefore, to the greatnational work in life-saving renderedyear by year to the country, and indeedto the world at large, by the BOYALNATIONAL LIFE-BOAT INSTITUTION, theCommittee of Management earnestlyappeal for help. During the past yearthe maintenance of the Life - boatservice has been rendered more thanusually difficult owing to the numerousappeals which have been made, and sogenerously responded to by the Britishpublic, in connection with the war inSouth Africa; but the Committee hopethat it will be borne in mind, thatwhether there be pease or war, there isnever a cessation of the need of helpfor the shipwrecked and storm-tossedeailor.

The total number of lives, for theBaring of which the Institution hasgranted rewards, has exceeded 42,200.

IST NOVEMBER, 1900.] THE LIFE-BOAT. 815

SUMMABY OF THE MEETINGS OF THE COMMITTEE.

THURSDAY, 14th June, 1900.

Sir EDWARD BIHKBECK, Bart., V.P., inthe Chair.

Bead and confirmed the minutes of theprevious meeting.

Also read those of the Building, Financeand Correspondence and Wreck and RewardSub-Committees, and ordered that theirrecommendations be carried in^o effect.

Bead the report of the Deputy Chief Inspectorof Life-boats on his recent visits to Aberdeen,Dnnbar and Poolbeg.

Also the reports of the District Inspectors ofLife-boats on their visits to the following Life-boat Stations:—

Northern District.—Nairn, Dornoch, Thurso,Ackergill, Wick, Stromness, Longhope, Huna,Lossiemouth, Bnckie, Banff, Whitehaven,Workington, Maryport, Ballantrae, Girvanand Ayr.

Eastern District.—Blakeney, Wells, Hun-stanton, Brancaster, Donna Nook, Mable-thorpe, Button, Skegness, Grimsby (two boats),Cromer, Sherinsham, Beaton Carew, WestHartlopool and Hartlepool (three boats).

Southern District.—Eastbourne, Newhaven,Lyme Regis, Poole, Hay ling Island, Bembridge,Southsea, Atherfield, Brighstone Grange,Brooke, Totland Bay and Kyde.

Western District.—Hfracombe, Morthoe,Watchet, Holyhead (two boats), Forth Ehuffydd,Moelfre, Gemaes, Cemlyn, Bull Bay, Penmon,Bhoscolyn, Bhosneigir, Llandndno, Llanddwyn,Point of Ayr, Llanddulas, Llanaelhaiarn,Cricoieth and Bhyl.

Irish District.—Newcastle, Cloughey, Bally-waiter, Groomsport, Carrickfergns, Greencastie,Culdaff,- Blaokrock, Dunmore East, Tramore,Youghal, Bally cotton, Queenstown and Fenit.

Reported the receipt of the following specialcontributions since the last meeting:—

£ e. d.Mrs. JULIA NEWBEBY, Southport, in

memory of her late husband, Mr. "HENBY OSMOSE NEWBEBY ; theinterest only to be expended bythe Institution for payment of themen and otherwise for.its general tpurposes out of its annual revenueaccount 1,000 - -

Colonel F. C. TBENCH GASCOIGNE,additional 150 - -

Collected on board the S.Y. Argo-naut, per F. G. HARMAN, Esq. . 11 5 7

Collected on board the S.S. Orvba,per Captain LINKLATER . . . 10 - -

—To 6e severally thanked.

Also the receipt of the following1 legacies :—£ «. d.

The late SAMUEL W. HOPWOOD,Esq., of Queen Anne's Mansions,Westminster, to provide a Life-boat 1,000 - -

£ t. d.The late Mrs. GASOLINE COURTNEY,

of Exmouth, for a James, William,- and Caroline Courtney Life-boat,

equipment, carriage and house,to be stationed at, or as near aspossible to, Budleigh Salterton 1,000 - -

The late ALEXANDER BROWN LAW-SON, Esq., of Brora, Sutherland-shire 500 - -

The late THOMAS CROCKETT, Esq.,of Halesowen, Birmingham . . 315 - -

The late H. M. SPENCEB, Esq., ofTavistock 100 - -

The late W. H. DEAN, Esq., ofZ Stratford (additional) . . . . 67 2 7The late STEPHEN BURDEN, Esq., of

Great Malvern 22 10 -The late JOHN BROWNJOHN, Esq., of

Bath. . 17 19 2

Deep regret was expressed at the death ofMr. JAMES C. HOLDEN, Honorary Secretary ofthe Carrickfergus Branch of the Institution,and it was decided to send a letter of sympathyto his family.

Reported the transmission to its station ofthe new Life-boat for Arbroath.

Paid £5,304 for sundry charges on variousLife-boat Establishments.

Reported that HER MAJESTY TUB QUEENhad contributed 251., and His ROYAL HIGHNESSTHK PRINCE OF WALES, DUKE OF CORNWALL,the sum of 202. in aid of the Padstow Life-boat Disaster Fund.

Voted 1461. 9s. to pay the expenses of thefollowing Life-boat services.

JUfe-boat. Vessel. £*£Broadstairs . Brig Danube, of Whitby.

Stood by vessel.. Ship Wandsbek, of Ham-

burg. Stood by Vessel.Pier Works Light Vessel.

Stood by vessel.S.S. Flamingo, of Hull.

Stood by vessel.S.S. Dolphin, of Manches-

ter. Stood by vessel.Four Fishing-boats. At-

tended boats.Steam Trawler, City of

Edinburgh. Stood byvessel.

Life-boat Henry SameyUpdter (landing crews-of fishing boats). Stoodby.

The Broadatairs, Lowestoft No. 1, andSouthend-on Sea Life-boats respectively ren-dered the following services:—Yacht Dorothy,of Southend, saved vessel and 2 lives; S.S.Skulda, of Grangemonth, assisted to save vesseland 17; Schooner Sidney Smith, of Portmadoc,saved vessel and 7.

Voted 1671. 9a. Gd. to pay for launches,watching or assemblies by the crews of the

Dover . .

Gorleston No. 1

Hoylake . .

Montrose No. 1.

Palling No. 2.

Sheringham .

816 THE LIFE-BOAT. [!ST NOVEMBER, 1900.

following Life-boats with the view of assistingthose on board vessels in distress:—Broadstairs,Caister No. 1, Hastings, Hunstanton, Longhope,Margate Nos. 1 and 2, North Deal, Polpear,Port Eynon, Swansea, Wick, Winterton Nos.1 and 2.

Also 3Z. to two men who were injured whileon service in the Winterton No. 2 Life-boat onthe 18th May.

The Bamsgate Life-boat was also taken outfor service but her assistance was not ultimatelyneeded.

Voted 11. 10s. to four men for putting off ina boat and rescuing four boys who were indanger off Worhington, Cumberland, theirboat having been driven out to sea, in a lightwind from E.S.E., and a moderate sea, on the6th May.

Also 1Z. 10«. to two men for rescuing, at con-siderable risk, a man whose boat had beencapsized off Caldy Island, South Wales, in astrong S.E. wind and a rough sea, on the llthMay.

Also 11. 10s. to three men who rescued twomen whose boat had been capsized off Culler-coats, Northumberland, in a moderate S.E.wind and a rough sea, on the 23rd April.

Also 11. to four men for saving four menfrom a yawl which had been capsized off Youghal,Co. Cork, in squally weather, on the 23rd May.

Also 21. Ids. 6rZ. to seven men for rescuing, bymeans of lines, the crew of four men from theschooner Podtney, of Whitby, which driftedashore at Workington, Cumberland, in a heavysurf, on the 15th April.

THURSDAY, 12th July, 1900.

Sir EDWAED BIKKBECK, Bart., V.P., inthe Chair.

Bead and confirmed the Minutes of theprevious meeting.

Also read those of the Building, Financeand Correspondence, and Wreck and RewardSub-Committees, and ordered that their recom-mendations be carried into effect.

Bead the report of the Deputy Chief Inspectorof Life-boats on his recent visits to theMontrose, Dunbar, Stonehaven, Johnshavenand Gourdon Life-boat Station.

Also the reports of the District Inspectors ofLife-boats on their visits to the followingStations:—

Northern District.—Gourdon, Stonehaven,Johnshaven, Montrose (two boats) Dunbar,Campbeltown, Southend (Cantyre), Kirkcud-bright, Balcary, Whithorn and Port Logan.

Eastern District.—Seaham, Whitburn, Sun-derland (South Pier), Saltburn, Bedcar,Dungeness (two boats), New Bpmney, Folke-stone, Hythe, Walmer, Kingsdowne, NorthDeal, Dover and Bamsgate.

Southern District.—Selsey, Worthing, Shore-ham, Littlehampton and Eastbourne.

Western District.—Penarth, Appledore (twoboats), Clovelly and Lynmouth.

Irish District.—New Brighton (two boats^Formby, Hoylake, Hilbre Island and Southpori(two boats).

Beported the receipt of the following specialcontributions since the last meeting:—

£ «. d.S.D.B.S.D." 95 - -

EDWARD F. WHITE, Esq. (annualsubscription) 50 - -

Miss S. E. WHITE (annual sub-scription) 25 - -

JOSEPH GOODBICH, Esq 50 - -DHARLES DENNY, Esq. . . . . 25 - -Offertory in Holy Trinity Church,

Cowes, per the Bev. JOHN BAILEY,M.A., and Miss FRANCES H.LOYD 8 16 5

Offertory in Highfield SchoolChapel, per the Hon. Treasurer ofthe Highfield Benevolent Society 3 10 8

—To be severally thanked.

Also the receipt of the following legacies :—£ «. d.

The late Mrs. MARY ANN MAW, ofNottingham 400 - -

The late Miss CHARLOTTE M.LASCELLES, of Brighton . . . 270 - -

The late JOHN HARTLEY, Esq., ofLatchford 50 - -

The late ALEXANDER MACKENZIE,Esq., of Glasgow 45 - -

Beported the transmission to its station ofthe new Life-boat for Walton-on-the-Naze.

Paid 10,159Z. for sundry charges on variousLife-boat establishments.

Voted £51 15s. 6d. to defray the expensesattending the following Life-boat services :—

Life-boat. Vessel. J^™_

Huna . . . Lugger Magdalen Hughes,ofKirkcaldy. Renderedassistance . . . .

Bedcar . . A fishing boat . . . 3Bhoscolyn. . S.S. Aeon. Stood by

vesselBunswick. . Two cobles. Stood by boats.

The Gorleston No. 1 and Walton-on-the-Naze Life-boats respectively assisted to savethe schooner Helene, of Groningen, and thebarque Argo, of Tvedestrand, and her crew ofthirteen men.

Also 69Z. 14». to pay the expenses of thefollowing Life-boats in proceeding out withthe view of assisting distressed vessels :—Harwich (steam Life-boat), Kilmore, KingstownNo. .1, Mullion and Walton-on-the-Naze.

THURSDAY, 2nd August, 1900.

Sir EDWARD BIRKBECK, Bart., V.P., inthe Chair.

Bead and confirmed the minutes of thoprevious meeting.

The Committee expressed deep regret at thelamented death of H.B.H. the DUKE of SAXE-COBURG and GOTHA, DUKE of EDINBURGH,K.G., Vice-Patron of the Institution, who hadbeen officially connected with the Institutionsince 1879, and it was decided that an humblemessage of condolence be addressed to HERMAJESTY the QUEEN, Patron of the Institution.

1ST NOVMB1B, 1900.] THE LIFE-BOAT. 817

Bead the minutes of the Building, Financeand Correspondence, and Wreck and RewardSub-Committeeg, and ordered that their recom-mendations be carried into effect.

Bead the reports of the District Inspectorsof Life-boats on their recent visits to the follow-ing Life-boat stations:—

Northern District.—Port Patrick, Girvan,Troon, Irvine, KJldonan, Ardrossan, Creaswell,Blyth, Cambois, Newbiggin and CoUercoats.

Eastern District—Broadstairs, Margate (twoboats), Oaister (two boats), Gorleston (threeboats), Winterton (two boats), Yarmouth,Lowestoft (two boats), Kessingland (two boats),and Pakefield.

Southern- District — Hastings, Wtnchelsea,Bye, Brighton, Porthleven and Polpear.

Irish District—St. Anne's (two boats),Fleetwood, Piel (Barrow), Lytham, Blackpool,Groomgport, Douglas and Castletown.

Reported the receipt of the following specialcontributions since the last meeting :—

£ i. d.Mrs. BIBT-DAVIES-COLEMAN, for pro-

viding and endowing a Life-boatto be named after her late husband,the''BichardColeman" . . .3500 - -

Ancient Order of Foresters, annualsubscription in aid of the supportof their three Life-boats . . . 110 - -

Collected on board H.M. TransportAwaye, per Captain G. W. F.BBOWUB 17 2 -

Collected on board the S.S. TantallonCattle, per Captain H.D. TBAVEBS 4 14 6

Collected on board the S.S. Lovaine,per Captain W. B. ANDEBSON. . 3 3 6

—To le severally thanked.

Also the receipt of the following legacies:—£ s. d.

The late Lady WALLACE, balance .4437 10 -(Making a total of £8875).

The'late Mrs. A. 8. WHYMPEB, ofEaton Terrace, S.W 300 - -

The late Mrs. FOBBES IBVINE, ofAberdeen 237 8 1

The late 0. J. W. BABWELL, Esq.,of Birmingham 100 - -

The late James LEE, Esq., of Stoke 'St. Mary, Taunton 45 - -

Reported the transmission to their stationsof the new Life-boats for Dungarvan Bay andWexford.

Paid 3987Z. for sundry charges on variousLife-boat establishments.

Voted 472. 18«. 6d. to pay for the followingLife-boat services:—

Ufe-boat. Vessel. ££»

Courtmacsherry S.S. Texan, of Liverpool,Stood by vessel . . .

Douglas i . SteamerZ«'2y,ofLiverpool.Stood by vessel . .

Scarborough . Brigantine Kathleen, ofSouth Shields . . . 6(Also saved a dog.)

Also 22. Gt. 6d. to the crew, etc., of theTotland Bay Life-boat for assembling in readi-

ness to proceed, should it have been necessary,to the assistance of a vessel in distress.

.Also 52. to a man who was injured while onservice with the Aldeburgh Life-boat on the7th December last.

Also 63Z. 12». weekly allowances and medicalexpenses to a man who was injured while onservice in the Ardrossan Life-boat, on the 10thNovember hist, and had been thereby incapa-citated for work until recently.

Also 12. to four men for putting off in a boatand rescuing three men whose boat had beencapsized at Kingsdowne, Kent, in a moderateS.W. breeze, on the 15th June.f Also 12. to JOHN FLETT, in recognition of hisservices on the occasion of the stranding of thefishing-boat Magdalen Hughes, on the PentlandSkerries, in a light wind, a smooth sea andthick weather, on the 21st June. FLETT, whowas one of the crew of the vessel, swam to thoshore, taking the end of a rope, and would pro-bably have been the means of rescuing theother six men on board had not a boat put offfrom South Ronaldshay to their assistance,

THUBSDAY, 13th September, 1900.

Sir EDWABD BIRKBECK, Bart., V.P.,in the Chair.

Bead and confirmed the minutes of theprevious meeting.

Bead letter from fier Majesty's- PrincipalSecretary of State for the Home Department,stating that he had laid before HEB MAJESTYTHE QUEEN the resolution of the Committeeconveying a message of sympathy in thebereavement sustained by Her Majesty throughthe death of His Boyal Highness the DUKEor SAXE-COBDBQ and GOTHA, DUKE OP EDIN-BURGH, and that Her Majesty was pleased toreceive the message very graciously.

Bead the minutes of the Building, Financeand Correspondence, and Wreck and BewardSub-Committees, and ordered that their recom-mendations be carried into effect.

Bead the reports of the District Inspectorsof Life-boats on their recent visits to the follow-ing Life-boat Stations:—

Northern District.—Tynemouth (two boats),Boulmer, Hauxley, North Sundeiland, Aln-mouth, Holy Island (two boats), Eyemouth,Berwick-on-Tweed, Anstruther, Crail, Gourdon,Montrose (two boats), St. Andrews, Methil andBuckhaven, Nairn, Huna, Ackergill, Wick,Thurso and Stromness.

Eastern District.—Palling (two boats), Dun-\?ich, Southwold (two boats), Cromer,Aldeburgh, Harwich (two boats),Walton-on-the-Naze, Clacton-on-Sea, Hunstanton, Mable-thorpe, Button, Grimsby (two boats), Skegness,Southend - on - Sea, Hasborough, Sheringham,Wells, Blakeney and Brancaster.

Southern District.—Porthoustock, Cadgwith,Mullion, Falmouth, Mevagissey, Fowey, Looe,Teignmouth, St. Helier's and St. Peter's Port.

Western District.—St. Mary's, St. Agnes,St. Ives, Penzance, Sennen Cove, Hayle, Ferry-side, Swansea, Port Eynon, Burry Port, Tenby,Littlehaven, Angle, St. David's, Fishguard

818 THE LIFE-BOAT. [IsT NOVEMBER, 1900.

(two boats), Cardigan, New [Quay and Bar-mouth.

Reported the receipt of the following specialcontributions since the last meeting :—

£ e. a.Oldham Branch, for one year's main-

tenance of the Oldham Life-boatatAbersoch 70 - -

Proceeds of concert in BhosneigirLife-boat house, per Mr. WM.JONES 14 - -

Collected on board the S.S. Apollo,per Captain PICKTHOBN . . . 4 - -

Collected in Palling and WaxhamChurches on 2nd September, 1900,per the Rev. A. GABWAY ATKINS,B.A., through Palling Branch . 3 7 6

Officers and crew of ship LochTorridon, per Captain PATTMAN. 2 1C C

Collected at a Church Parade bymembers of Court Flower ofSuffolk, No. 2695, Ancient Orderof Foresters, per Mr. W. GIBBS,Woolverstone, Ipswich . . . 2 5 -

Collected in Devonport DockyardChapel, per the Rev. J. M. CLABK-soH,R.N 1 2 9

—To be severally thanked.

Also the receipt of the following legacies:—£ «. d.

The late Miss M. A. PEAKE, ofInverness Terrace, W., in or to-wards a Life-boat to be namedthe Dash, equipment, Life-boathouse, tackle, etc 504 7 8

The late Captain W. H. PAYNE,B.N., of Fishbourne, Isle ofWight 100 - -

The late Mr. S. W. BUNN, ofKinder, Staffordshire . . . . 50 - -

Deep regret was expressed at the death ofMr. JOHN EMSLIE, Honorary Secretary of theArdrossan Branch of the Institution, and itwas decided to send a letter of sympathy tohis family.

Voted the best thanks of the Committee toDr. J. G. LOCK and Mr. DAVID MOBTONin recog-nition of their past valuable co-operation asHonorary Secretaries respectively of the Tenbyand Crail Branches of the Institution, whichoffices they had just resigned.

Decided that the Grimsby N». 1 Life-boatStation be discontinued.

Reported the transmission to their stations ofthe Methil and Buckhaven, and Hunstantonnew Life-boats.

Paid 5,044Z. for sundry charges on variousLife-boat Establishments.

Voted 142Z. St. 3d to pay the expenses of thefollowing Life-boat services:—

Life-boat. Vessel. j^j

Cresswell . . French lugger Arago.Landed 10.

Eastbourne. . Schooner Caroline, ofLondon . . . . . 3

Life-boat.

Fishguard No.2

Ditto

Folkestone . .

Holyhead No. 2

Palling No. 1 .

Port Erroll. .

Vessel.

RamseySunderland

(South Pier)WellsWest Hartle-

pool

Schooner Albion, ofRuncorn . . . . 4

Schooner Etther, of Ply-mouth ..... 5

Lugger Jessie, of Folke-stone ..... 3

Barque Islamount, ofDundee ..... 17

Lugger Masterpiece, ofGreat Yarmouth . . 9

Barque Lady Penrhyn, ofChristiania. Stood byVessel.

Smack Queen, of Douglas 3A boat ..... . 3

Ketch Hopewell, of Lynn 3Brigantine William Crow,

of Great Yarmouth . 4

Also 198Z. 9s. to pay for assemblies of Life-boatmen, watching or launches to the assistanceof distressed vessels at Aberdovey, Blyth,Broadstairs, Caister, Cresswell, Criccieth,Dunbar, Eyemouth, Hartlepool, Margate, New-quay (Cardiganshire), North Deal, Point ofAyr, Port St. Mary, Upgang, Wells andWhitby.

The Broadsiairs Life-boat saved the ketchThomas and Edwin, of Plymouth, with threemen on board; the Margate No. 2 Life-boatsaved the barge Intrepid, of Ipswich, and threemen; and the Bamsgate Life-boat was takenout on two occasions, but her services were notultimately needed.

Voted the thanks of the Institution, inscribedon vellum, and framed, with the sum of 1Z.,to Mr. RODERICK MATHESON, master of thefishing-boat Annie, of Broadford, for saving themaster of the fishing-boat Princets May, whohad been knocked overboard from his vesselwhen about three miles W. of the Sound ofRona, in squally weather, on the 23rd July,Matheson, who was unable to swim, was wearing,heavy clothing and sea boots at the time, buthe fastened a line round his body, sprungoverboard and grasped the drowning man, bothbeing then hauled on board the Annie by thecrew of that vessel.

Also a letter of thanks to Mr. SNOWDOK andthe sum of 7*. 6(7. to a fisherman for patting offin a boat from Newbiggin, Northumberland,and rescuing four persons from the boat Oscar,which had been carried some distance from theland in a strong W. breeze and a somewhatrough sea, on the 30th July.

Also 2Z. to four men for putting off in a boatand rescuing the crew-of three men from the

ging of the ketch Eva, Lena, of Sunoora,which sunk in Llandudno Bay in a fresh breezefrom N.W. and a rough sea, on the 7th August

The sum of 22. 7s. was granted to eleven menwho rendered assistance on the occasion.

Also 3Z. 15s. to fifteen men for putting off intwo boats and saving the ketch Eenoien, .(fSwansea, with three persons on board, whichwas disabled by loss of sails, in a whole gatefrom N. and a very heavy sea, on thetMAugust.

Also 21. to four qnarrymen for putting >W

1ST NOVEMBBB, 1900.] TEE LIFE-BOAT. 819

twice in a boat and rescuing nine persons froma boat -which had been capsized at Forth yPick, Anglesey, on the 22nd July. A furtherreward of 5s. was granted to one of the rescuerswho' swam to the shore with a child, thuslightening the boat, which was heavily laden.

Also 12. 5«. -to five fishermen for patting offin a boat and saving the crew of four men from

the yacht Daisy, of Youghal, which foundered inYoughal Bay, in a strong E.S.E. breeze and arough sea, on the 27th July.

Also II. to two men for rescuing fotir of thecrew of the s.s. Greenwood, of Newcastle, whichsunk after collision with another steamer at themouth of the Tyne, in a dense fog, 011 the20th August.

THE "CITY MASONIC CLCD" LIFE-BOAT AT POOLE.

A CALL FOR THE LIFE-BOAT.Dark is the night, and fierce are the winds— , On, gallant bark! to the sinking ship,

When lo, a cry Nor wind, nor waveKings wildly forth—"A ship on the rocks, | Can daunt the hearts that are risking death

The crew will die!" Others to save.

But swift to hear are the Life-boat menWhen danger's rife,

And swift to fight with the raging-seaFor human life. . . . .

With eager hands, and sinews strained,They launch their boat,

And strong brave men on the seething wavesAre now afloat!

Oh, aid them, aid, Great King of the storm,With strength from Thee—

Many a wife and a bairn doth prayFor those at Sea;

Many a home is awaiting them,Oh, grant in love

That one deed more by our Lifeboat menBe writ Above.

Now praise to God, for the wives and bairnsAre spared their tears,

And hearts are glad that would have been sadFor years and years.

And praise to this, our National Boon—The grand Life-boat,

For all the lives that its aid hath savedSince first afloat!—

And may the Cause—such a noble cause—"The Life-boat Call,"

Be ever met with a glad responseFrom one and all.

May all the heln that it needs to-day—With hearty will-

Be given, aye, and ev'ry heart pray" God Speed it still!"

MAUD MADDICK.Malmsmead, Kingston. (Mrs. A. Doughty.)

N O T I C E .The next number of the LIFB-BOAT JOURNAL will be published on the

1st February, 1901.

EOYAL NATIONAL LIFE-BOAT INSTITUTION,BUTFOEIBD SOLELY BI YOltmiAKT COHTRIBttTIONS.

n— get Mast (Stations flttajtstj) tijt ©uttn.I His RorAD HioHsusa THE PEINCB OF WAI.ES, K.Q.\ HKK ROYAL HIQHKKSS THE PBIHCBSS OF WALES.( CAPTAIH His BOTAL Hramntss THE DUKE OF YORK, K.N., K.O.

it—His KOTAL HIOHMESS THE PRINCE OF WALES, K.G.Chairman—SIR EDWARD.BIRKBECK, BART., V.P. Seputg-tttifiitman—Colonel FrrzRor .CLATTOX, V.P.

CHARLES Draws, ESQ., F.R.Q.S.

Telegraphic Addrm

" LIFE-BOATINSTITUTION

LONDON."

Telephone:No. 2964

("GERRARDEXCHANGE.")

APPEAL.THE COMMITTEE OF MANAGEMENT have to state that during the past year (1899) the

ROYAL NATIONAL LITE-BOAT INSTITUTION expended'£69,195 on its Life-boat Establishments.GENERAL SUMMABY OP THE WOBK OF THE INSTITUTION DUKLNO 1899.

£Number of Lives rescued by Life-boats, in addition to 20Vessels saved by them and 67 persons landed fromvessels in distress and lightships 501

Number of Lives saved by Shore-boats, &c ... 108Amount of Rewards granted during the YearHonorary Rewards:—Silver Medals and Clasps . . . 8

Binocular Glasses 8Aneroid Barometers 5Votes of Thanks on Vellum . . . 31Certificates of Service . . . . 12

10,219

a.

8 5

Total 64 609 £10,219 8 5

The number of Lives saved either by the Life-boats of the Society, or by special exertionsfor which it has granted rewards since its formation, is 42,288. The rewards and recognitionsgranted by the Institution in the same period comprise 98 Gold Medals and Clasps, 1,190Silver Medals and Clasps, 304 Binocular Glasses, 15 Telescopes, 27 Aneroid Barometers, 1668Votes of Thanks, inscribed on vellum and framed, 126 Certificates of Service framed, and£207,709 in money.

The Committee earnestly appeal to the British Public for Funds to enable them to maintaintheir 287 Life-boats now on the Coast and their Crews in the most perfect state of efficiency.This can only be effected by a large and permanent annual income. The Annual Subscriptions,Donations and Dividends are quite inadequate for the purpose. The Committee are confident

-that in their endeavour to provide the brave Life-boat men, who nobly hazard their lives inorder that they may save others, .with the best possible means for carrying on their great work,they will meet with the entire approval of the people of this the greatest maritime country inthe world, and that their appeal will not be made in vain, so that the scope and efficiency ofour great Life-saving Service, of which the Nation has always been so proud, may not haveto be curtailed.

Annual Subscription! and Donations are earnestly solicited, and will be thankfully receivedby the Secretary, CBABLES DIBDIN, Esq., at the Institution, 14 JOHN] STREET, ADELPHI, London;by the Bankers of the Institution, Messrs. COTJTTS and Co., 59 Strand; and by all the other.Bankers in the United Kingdom.—1st November, 1900.