the mechanisms of photo-conversion in sipm
DESCRIPTION
April 29-30, 2013. The mechanisms of photo-conversion in SiPM. Elena Popova Moscow Engineering and Physics Institute. Corsica meeting on fast timing. pixel. h . R 50 . substrate. U 60V. Silicon Photomultiplier (Si PM ). Multipixel device with common readout. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
The mechanisms of
photo-conversion in SiPM
Elena Popova
Moscow Engineering and Physics Institute
Corsica meeting on fast timing
April 29-30, 2013
Corsica timing 29-30 April 2013E.Popova MEPhI
R 50
hpixel
U 60V
substrate
Each pixel – reverse biased above breakdown p-n-junction operated in selfquenching Geiger mode
Silicon Photomultiplier (SiPM)Multipixel device with common readout
Lets consider the way for SiPM signal
Corsica timing 29-30 April 2013E.Popova MEPhI
The way of signal. 1D
R
E
n
+ -
p
Ubias
1. Photoeffect (light absorption) - 0 time
2. Diffusion inside undepleted region (0 fields) - =L2/D D=38cm2/c L=1m 250ps
3. Drift in depleted region (low fields) 107 cm/c – saturated e- velocity x=3m t30ps
4. Avalanche build up (high fields) – several times*(3) T100ps
200 300 400 500 600 700 8001E-3
0,01
0,1
1
10
abso
rptio
n de
pth,
mic
ron
wavelenght, nm
13 m1m
Corsica timing 29-30 April 2013E.Popova MEPhI
1D simulation by using ISE TCAD.Diffusion from entrance window.
Laser pulse 10ps 400 nm (x0=100nm) Fixed intensity Reverse biased pn-junction
4000 200 600 Time, ps
Cur
rent
, A
0
1
2
3
4
Doping distribution and build-in fields are not constant
Should be weak sensitivity to applied voltages (depletion region should not changes much)
1) 0.1 25 702) 0.3 60 1503) 0.5 120 2004) 1.0 300 450
depth d, m Delay, ps FWHM, ps
Jitter component
Corsica timing 29-30 April 2013E.Popova MEPhI
Diffusion from substrate
Should be weak sensitivity to applied voltages (depletion region should not changes much)
Corsica timing 29-30 April 2013E.Popova MEPhI
Avalanche build up 1D
Impact ionization in high electric fields
electron hole
Ionization coefficient
Average number of ionization along carrier trajectory on unit lenght
Speed of avalanche build up depends from applied voltages and depletion region depth
Corsica timing 29-30 April 2013E.Popova MEPhI
Corsica timing 29-30 April 2013E.Popova MEPhI
Corsica timing 29-30 April 2013E.Popova MEPhI
All mentioned above points for 2D(3D) case
areas in pixel:1. Active central part of pixel2. Pixel’s perifery3. Interpixels area
1 and 2 – different•diffusion•Drift•Avalanche build up
1 2
Corsica timing 29-30 April 2013E.Popova MEPhI
Avalanche build up 3D
Corsica timing 29-30 April 2013E.Popova MEPhI
Corsica timing 29-30 April 2013E.Popova MEPhI
Corsica timing 29-30 April 2013E.Popova MEPhI
Corsica timing 29-30 April 2013E.Popova MEPhI
Avalanche build up 3D
Corsica timing 29-30 April 2013E.Popova MEPhI
Kj – vertical speed
u0 - transversal speed
Corsica timing 29-30 April 2013E.Popova MEPhI
Jitter should not depends on overvoltage!
Corsica timing 29-30 April 2013E.Popova MEPhI
34 36 38 40 42 44 46 48 50615
620
625
630
635
Chan
nel
Bias voltage, V
Delay of single pixel 50х50
Corsica timing 29-30 April 2013E.Popova MEPhI
I throw RL = 8mV/50OhM=160A
Current inside pixel Cpixel
Model Corsi with Transversal current expansion
Model for current expantion
Corsica timing 29-30 April 2013E.Popova MEPhI
Waveforms:1. Single pixel2. One pixel from 1x1mm2
SiPM the same topology
1
2
Corsica timing 29-30 April 2013E.Popova MEPhI
-30 -29 -28 -27 -26 -25 -24 -23 -22 -21 -20
-0,010
-0,005
0,000
Сигнал от лазера 405 нм на 50 Ом осциллографа. набор детекторов №1: S6N14, S6N15, S6n17, S6N20
U=? U=?V (забыл записать) 11.04.2013. N
pixel = 288
набор детекторов №2: S6N19, S6N21, S6n23, S6N24 U=26 U=3V 12.04.2013. N
pixel = 91
сигналы от двух наборов нормированы по амплитуде исовмещены по вершине импульса
Am
plit
ude, V
time, ns
Детекторы 3х3. 4 штуки объединены на одну нагрузку.SiPM06W14/15 50A2, pixel 50 um
20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
-0,025
-0,020
-0,015
-0,010
-0,005
0,000
0,005
U=27 U=4VСигнал от лазера 405 нм на 50 Ом осциллографа.N
pixel = 35
Am
plit
ude, V
time, ns
Детектор 3х3 S6N24SiPM06W14/15 50A2, pixel 50 um
Model ExpDec2
Equationy = A1*exp(-x/t1) + A2*exp(-x/t2) + y0
Reduced Chi-Sqr
3,3801E-9
Adj. R-Square 0,99988
Value Standard Error
B y0 3,63869E-5 2,32842E-6
B A1 -0,02479 7,09765E-6
B t1 141,90739 0,07453
B A2 -1887,12656 593,43621
B t2 1,84327 0,04153
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000
-0,025
-0,020
-0,015
-0,010
-0,005
0,000
0,005
U=27 U=4VСигнал от лазера 405 нм на 50 Ом осциллографа.N
pixel = 35
Am
plit
ude, V
time, ns
Детектор 3х3 S6N24SiPM06W14/15 50A2, pixel 50 um
Model ExpDec2
Equationy = A1*exp(-x/t1) + A2*exp(-x/t2) + y0
Reduced Chi-Sqr
3,3801E-9
Adj. R-Square 0,99988
Value Standard Error
B y0 3,63869E-5 2,32842E-6
B A1 -0,02479 7,09765E-6
B t1 141,90739 0,07453
B A2 -1887,12656 593,43621
B t2 1,84327 0,04153
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000
-0,010
-0,005
0,000
Сигнал от лазера 405 нм на 50 Ом осциллографа. набор детекторов №1: S6N14, S6N15, S6n17, S6N20
U=? U=?V (забыл записать) 11.04.2013. N
pixel = 288
набор детекторов №2: S6N19, S6N21, S6n23, S6N24 U=26 U=3V 12.04.2013. N
pixel = 91
сигналы от двух наборов нормированы по амплитуде исовмещены по вершине импульса
Am
plit
ud
e, V
time, ns
Детекторы 3х3. 4 штуки объединены на одну нагрузку.SiPM06W14/15 50A2, pixel 50 um
3x3mm24* 3x3mm2
Corsica timing 29-30 April 2013E.Popova MEPhI
SPICE N=1000 pixels. Different Cfast
Current inside pixel Current on load
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1x1mm2
Corsica timing 29-30 April 2013E.Popova MEPhI
SiPM readout
SiPM is a system of connected together pixels with one common readout pad
Metal buses – delay lines
Corsica timing 29-30 April 2013E.Popova MEPhI
Out-put
12
Corsica timing 29-30 April 2013E.Popova MEPhI
Corsica timing 29-30 April 2013E.Popova MEPhI
SiPM signal delay dependence on the SiPM chip area
0 5 10 15 20 250
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
De
lay,
ps
S, mm2
Corsica timing 29-30 April 2013E.Popova MEPhI
Timing by 5x5mm2 SiPM: a single phe resolutionFig.’s below show the impact of SiPM size(size of one pixel and SiPM itself)on
single phe resolution FWHM for SiPMs 1x1mm2(pixel size 25mkm) and 5x5mm2(pixel size 100mkm)
1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000
0
200
400
600
800
1000
FWHM=140 ps
Co
un
t
TDC channel (1 ch=5 ps)
1x1 mm2
576 pixels (25 m)
500 1000 1500 2000 25000
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
FWHM = 380 ps
5x5 mm2
1600 pixels (100 m)
Co
unt
TDC channel (1 ch = 5 ps)
Corsica timing 29-30 April 2013E.Popova MEPhI
Single µ-cell (100µm x 100µm) time resolution: 89 ps
For 1mm x 1mm size SiPM the time response is practically the same asfor the single µ-cell
Corsica timing 29-30 April 2013E.Popova MEPhI
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 450
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
220
240
B
Tim
e r
eso
lutio
n (
FW
HM
), p
s
dU/U,%
Single pixel response (MEPHI)
Corsica timing 29-30 April 2013E.Popova MEPhI
Corsica timing 29-30 April 2013E.Popova MEPhI
Corsica timing 29-30 April 2013E.Popova MEPhI
Corsica timing 29-30 April 2013E.Popova MEPhI
Main SiPM’s parameters. Jitter vs light intensity.
ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY & PARTICLE PHYSICS Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on ICATPP-7Villa, Olmo, Como, Italy, 15 - 19 October 2001
B.Dolgoshein et al.“THE ADVANCED STUDY OF SILICON PHOTOMULTIPLIER”
pheN
1~
Corsica timing 29-30 April 2013E.Popova MEPhI
SUMMARY How we obtain a signal from SiPM
1D case Photoeffect (0 time delta-function) Diffusion in undepleted regions Drift in depleted region Vertical build-up2D(3D) difference center-edge Transversal expansionElectrical signal propagation Total number of pixels in SiPM Signal readout Pixel position
Corsica timing 29-30 April 2013E.Popova MEPhI
Corsica timing 29-30 April 2013E.Popova MEPhI
Corsica timing 29-30 April 2013E.Popova MEPhI
Corsica timing 29-30 April 2013E.Popova MEPhI
Corsica timing 29-30 April 2013E.Popova MEPhI
Corsica timing 29-30 April 2013E.Popova MEPhI
Corsica timing 29-30 April 2013E.Popova MEPhI
Corsica timing 29-30 April 2013E.Popova MEPhI
Corsica timing 29-30 April 2013E.Popova MEPhI
IRST 1x1 MPPC 1x1
Corsica timing 29-30 April 2013E.Popova MEPhI