It’s time to learn about . . .It’s time to learn about . . .

My new book on GOLF will My new book on GOLF will give the reader valuable give the reader valuable playing tips and insider playing tips and insider information I've gained information I've gained through my years of through my years of lessons, struggles and lessons, struggles and experiments.experiments. Here are just a few of the Here are just a few of the chapter titles: chapter titles: 

Chapter 2 - How to Hit a Nike from the Rough, when you Hit a Titleist from the Tee. Chapter 18 - When to Regrip Your Ball Retriever.

Stoichiometry: IntroductionStoichiometry: IntroductionAt the conclusion of our time At the conclusion of our time together, you should be able to:together, you should be able to:

1. Explain what stoichiometry is2. Define what a mole is3. Describe how the mole was discovered4. Convert a mole of a chemical into its molar

mass

STOICHIOMETRYSTOICHIOMETRYSTOICHIOMETRYSTOICHIOMETRY

- the study of the - the study of the quantitative quantitative aspects of aspects of chemical chemical reactions.reactions.

STOICHIOMETRYSTOICHIOMETRYSTOICHIOMETRYSTOICHIOMETRY

1.1. Composition StoichiometryComposition Stoichiometry2.2. Reaction StoichiometryReaction Stoichiometry3.3. Molar RatioMolar Ratio

The Mole is the Quantity We The Mole is the Quantity We Use in StoichiometryUse in Stoichiometry

6.02 X 1023

The MoleThe Mole

A counting unitSimilar to a dozen, except instead of 12, it’s

602 billion trillion 602,000,000,000,000,000,000,000

6.02 X 1023 (in scientific notation)This number is named in honor of Amedeo Amedeo

Avogadro (1776 – 1856)Avogadro (1776 – 1856), who studied quantities of gases and discovered that no matter what the gas was, there were the same number of molecules present

Just How Big is a Mole?Just How Big is a Mole?

Enough soft drink cans to cover the surface of the earth to a depth of over 200 miles.

If you had Avogadro's number of unpopped popcorn kernels, and spread them across the United States of America, the country would be covered in popcorn to a depth of over 9 miles.

If we were able to count atoms at the rate of 10 million per second, it would take about 2 billion years to count the atoms in one mole.

Everybody Has Avogadro’s Number!Everybody Has Avogadro’s Number!But Where Did it Come From?But Where Did it Come From?

It was NOT just picked! It was MEASURED.

One of the better methods of measuring this number was the Millikan Oil Drop Experiment

Since then we have found even better ways of measuring using x-ray technology

HH1.008

1

Avogadro asked . . .

Q: If ONE Hydrogen atom masses at 1.008 amu’s,

how many Hydrogen atoms would it take to mass at 1.008 grams ?

Answer: 6.023 x 1023 that many

602,300,000,000,000,000,000,000

Here’s Another Way of Looking at the Here’s Another Way of Looking at the Mole…Mole…

Suppose we invented a new collection unit called a toburen. One toburen contains 8 objects.

1. How many paper clips in 1 toburen?

a) 1 b) 4 c) 8

2. How many oranges in 2.0 toburens?

a) 4.0 b) 8.0 c) 16

3. How many toburens contain 40 gummy

bears?

a) 5 b) 10 c) 20

The Mole is just Another Counting UnitThe Mole is just Another Counting Unit

1 dozen cookies = 12 cookies1 mole of cookies = 6.02 X 1023 cookies

1 dozen cars = 12 cars1 mole of cars = 6.02 X 1023 cars

1 dozen Al atoms = 12 Al atoms1 mole of Al atoms = 6.02 X 1023 atoms

Note that the mole NUMBER is always the same, but the mole MASS is very different!

Mole is abbreviated mol (gee, that’s a lot quicker to write, huh?)

Septic Tank HumorSeptic Tank Humor

A Mole of ParticlesA Mole of Particles Contains 6.02 x 10Contains 6.02 x 1023 23 ParticlesParticles

= 6.02 x 1023 C atoms

= 6.02 x 1023 H2O molecules

= 6.02 x 1023 NaCl “formula

units”

6.02 x 1023 Na+ ions

and

6.02 x 1023 Cl– ions

1 mole C

1 mole H2O

1 mole NaCl

Red-Neck Innovations:Red-Neck Innovations:

NaNa22.990

11

Q: If ONE Sodium atom masses at 22.99 amu,

how many Sodium atoms would it take to mass at 22.99 grams ?

What does one Mole of Lithium atoms mass at? What does one Mole of Lithium atoms mass at?

What does one Mole of Carbon atoms mass at? What does one Mole of Carbon atoms mass at?

What does one Mole of Water molecules mass at? What does one Mole of Water molecules mass at?

What does one Mole of O2 molecules mass at? What does one Mole of O2 molecules mass at?

Molar MassMolar Mass

The Mass of 1 mole (in grams)

Equal to the numerical value of the average

atomic mass (use your periodic table, round

to 2 places)

1 mole of C atoms =

12.01 g

1 mole of Mg atoms =

24.31 g

1 mole of Cu atoms =

63.55 g

Molar Mass of Molecules and Molar Mass of Molecules and CompoundsCompounds

Mass in grams of 1 mole is equal numerically to the sum of the atomic masses

1 mole of CaCl2 =

1 mole Ca x 40.08 g/mol

+ 2 moles Cl x 35.45 g/mol =

110.98 g/mol CaCl2

1 mole of N2O4 =

92.02 g/mol N2O4

I wonder if he ducked fast I wonder if he ducked fast enough??enough??

Stoichiometry: IntroductionStoichiometry: IntroductionLet’s see if you can:Let’s see if you can:

1. Explain what stoichiometry is2. Define what a mole is3. Describe how the mole was discovered4. Convert a mole of a chemical into its molar

mass

What Is The What Is The Difference Difference Between a Harley Between a Harley And a Hoover?And a Hoover?

The Location Of The Dirt Bag.

STOICHIOMETRYSTOICHIOMETRYSTOICHIOMETRYSTOICHIOMETRY

- the study of the - the study of the quantitative quantitative aspects of aspects of chemical chemical reactions.reactions.

The Mole is the Quantity We The Mole is the Quantity We Use in StoichiometryUse in Stoichiometry

6.02 X 1023

The MoleThe Mole

A counting unitSimilar to a dozen, except instead of 12, it’s

602 billion trillion 602,000,000,000,000,000,000,000

6.02 X 1023 (in scientific notation)This number is named in honor of Amedeo Amedeo

Avogadro (1776 – 1856)Avogadro (1776 – 1856), who studied quantities of gases and discovered that no matter what the gas was, there were the same number of molecules present

HH1.008

1

Avogadro asked . . .

Q: If ONE Hydrogen atom masses at 1.008 amu’s,

how many Hydrogen atoms would it take to mass at 1.008 grams ?

Learning Check!Learning Check!

Find the mole (molar) mass

(round to the hundreths place)

A. 1 mole of Br atomsB. 1 mole of Sn atoms

= 79.90 g/mole= 118.71 g/mole

The End!!