The North Takes Charge

Section 11-4

Preview Questions

• What battle turned the tide of the war?

• How did the Battle of Vicksburg affect the Confederacy?

• How did Union forces wear down the South?

I. Armies Clash at Gettysburg

• Importance • Turning point of Civil War • South crippled: No longer on offensive

• Background• Union defeated at Chancellorsville • Stonewall Jackson killed

I. Armies Clash at Gettysburg

• First Day of Battle: July 1, 1863 – Fierce Confederate assault forces Union retreat

near Cemetery Ridge

• Second Day of Battle: July 2, 1863 – Confederates attack at Cemetery Ridge – Union bayonet assault holds their lines

I. Armies Clash at Gettysburg • Third Day of Battle: July 3, 1863 – Pickett’s Charge

• Confederate raid that fails

– Lee looses too many men to launch another

offensive attack– Lee retreats to Virginia

II. Grant Wins at Vicksburg

• April-July 1863• Importance

– Split Confederacy in two – Union controls

Mississippi River

III. The Gettysburg Address

• Listed reasons why Union fought

• Emphasized idea of reunification

• Assured people Union would survive

IV. Confederacy Wears Down

• Confederate Problems – Low morale – No supplies– Soldiers desert – Disagreement among

leaders

IV. Confederacy Wears Down

• Wilderness Campaign (May 1864) – Grant’s plan to immobilize

Lee’s forces– Union loses more men, but

can replace

IV. Confederacy Wears Down

• Sherman’s March (September 1864) – March from Atlanta to coast, through SC & NC– Destroy anything of value– Defeat civilians (Total War)

IV. Confederacy Wears Down

• Surrender at Appomattox– Davis destroys Richmond and flees– April 9, 1865: Surrender