the pharynx
DESCRIPTION
The pharynx. The pharynx. Anatomy of The pharynx Site. Seen from behind. Midline of the neck From skull base to esophagus In front of upper 6 Cervical vertebra. Behind : The Nose The Mouth The larynx. Irregular Fibromuscular tube lined by mucous membrane Length: 15 cm. Shape. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
The pharynxThe
pharynx
Anatomy of The pharynx Site
Midline of the neckFrom skull base to esophagusIn front of upper 6 Cervical vertebra
Behind :The Nose
The MouthThe larynx
Seen from behind
Shape
Irregular Fibromuscular tube lined by mucous membrane
Length: 15 cm
Relation
Anterior
surface of the
pharynx
the pharynxCompartments
• Nasopharynx• Oropharynx• Laryngopharynx (Hypopharynx)
Seen from behind
• Nasopharynx• Oropharynx• Laryngopharynx (Hypopharynx)
Seen from lateral
Muscles of the pharynx
• Circular muscles: Superior, middle and inferior constrictor muscles.• Longitudinal muscles:
stylopharyngeus, palatopharyngeus and salpingopharyngeus
• All muscles of the pharynx innerveated by cranial root of accessory nerve except stylopharyngeus which is supplied by glossopharyngeus nerve
Extention
Three constrictor
cricopharyngeus
stylopharyngeus
Nasopharynx -Behind the nasal cavity-Extends from skull Base superiorly to the soft palate inferiorly- Communicates
inferiorly with the oropharynx through the pharyngeal isthmus
- The nasopharyngeal tonsil lies in the roof
- The pharyngeal opening of ET lies in the lateral wall
Nasopharynx (important landmarks)
• The pharyngeal isthmus• Opening of auditory tube
and tubal elevation• The salpingopharyngeal
fold
Nasopharynx
Oropharynx Behind the oral cavity (in front
of 2nd&3rd Cervical vertebra)From the soft palate superiorly
to tip of epiglottis inferiorly
Communicates: Anteriorly with the oral cavity Superiorly with the
nasopharynx Inferiorly with the
laryngopharynxThe paatine tonsils lie laterallybetween the anterior and
posteriorpilars
Oropharynx (lateral wall)
• Median epiglottis fold vallecula lateral epiglottis fold
The floor
laryngopharynx Behind the Larynx (in front of
3rd to 6th Cervical vertebra)
From the tip of epiglottis superiorly to
the lower border of cricoid cartilage
Inferiorly
Communicates:- Anteriorly with the Larynx- Superiorly with the
oropharynx- Inferiorly with the
esophagus
The hypopharynx does not only
lie behind the larynx BUT also
Projects laterally on each side of the larynx
So it is formed of :- Postcricoid region
( behind the larynx)- Two pyriform fossa (on
each side of the larynx
Seen from behind
Cross section
laryngopharynx
Blood supply
What is Waldeyer’s ring?
The lymphoid tissue in the
pharyngeal aponeurosisaggregates in some areasforming tonsils:1-one nasopharyngeal
tonsil2- two palatine tonsils3- two lingual tonsils4-two tubal tonsils
Lymph drainag
e
Nerve suppl
y
Nerve SupplyMotor ---► XI Except : Stylopharyngeus --►IX
Sensory --►- Nasopharynx: V- Oropharynx: IX- Laryngopharynx: X Autonomic:- sympathetic: SCG- Parasympathetic: through VII
Palatine tonsils1.Defintion2.Site3.Covering4.Variability in size5.Blood supply6.Lymph drainage
The anterior pillar formed by
palatoglossus muscleThe posterior pillar formed
By palatopharyngeus mThe tonsils lie between the
Two pillars