The Punic WarsThe Punic Wars

The Spread of Roman Boundaries and Culture :

The Punic Wars

The Spread of Roman Boundaries and Culture :

The Punic WarsAncient Rome UnitAncient Rome Unit

The Punic WarsThe Punic Wars

Roman Republic threatened by Carthage.

Carthage wanted to conquer Sicily.

Rome fights for Sicily as well as the empire Carthage had built across North Africa.

Wanted it for territory and trade markets

1st of 3 wars against Carthage, known as Punic Wars 264-146 BC.

Roman Republic threatened by Carthage.

Carthage wanted to conquer Sicily.

Rome fights for Sicily as well as the empire Carthage had built across North Africa.

Wanted it for territory and trade markets

1st of 3 wars against Carthage, known as Punic Wars 264-146 BC.

Bottom line motivations for war

Bottom line motivations for war

Carthage $Money$ Carthage is more like

a business than an empire.

Carthage Inc.™

Carthage $Money$ Carthage is more like

a business than an empire.

Carthage Inc.™

Rome was threatened that Carthage was too close.

They needed to keep their empire together.

They could not be embarrassed by the Carthaginians.

Rome was threatened that Carthage was too close.

They needed to keep their empire together.

They could not be embarrassed by the Carthaginians.

1st Punic War1st Punic War 264 – 241 BC Romans wanted to

protect Sicily and expand trade markets.

Rome develops 1st Navy for this war.

Rome defeats Carthage and wins control of Sicily and Sardinia.

264 – 241 BC Romans wanted to

protect Sicily and expand trade markets.

Rome develops 1st Navy for this war.

Rome defeats Carthage and wins control of Sicily and Sardinia.

Technology that helped the Romans win

Technology that helped the Romans win

Romans developed technology that played to their strengths.

Romans developed technology that played to their strengths.

http://www.bible-history.com/rome/corvus.gif

Corvus

2nd Punic War2nd Punic War 218 – 202 BC Carthage wants revenge from 1st war. Hannibal - General from Spain (Carthage

colony) creates army, leads attack He uses ELEPHANTS and cuts through the

Alps!! Hannibal wins almost all battles, but fails

to conquer city of Rome. (basically roams the Italian countryside, CANNOT turn public opinion of Italian countryside.)

218 – 202 BC Carthage wants revenge from 1st war. Hannibal - General from Spain (Carthage

colony) creates army, leads attack He uses ELEPHANTS and cuts through the

Alps!! Hannibal wins almost all battles, but fails

to conquer city of Rome. (basically roams the Italian countryside, CANNOT turn public opinion of Italian countryside.)

Scipio : A Worthy OpponentScipio : A Worthy Opponent Scipio is a student of Hannibal and is

the first that can fight him head on. He gambles and decides to attack

Carthage, forcing Hannibal to return to defend his homeland.

Scipio and Hannibal meet at the Battle of Zama.

Romans win; Carthage must give up all territories except those in North Africa

Carthage will face severe military limitations.

Scipio is a student of Hannibal and is the first that can fight him head on.

He gambles and decides to attack Carthage, forcing Hannibal to return to defend his homeland.

Scipio and Hannibal meet at the Battle of Zama.

Romans win; Carthage must give up all territories except those in North Africa

Carthage will face severe military limitations. http://www.ancientworlds.net/aworlds_media/

ibase_1/00/05/43/00054371_000.gif

3rd Punic War3rd Punic War 149 – 146 BC Carthage is no longer a

threat but Romans decide they need to destroy it.

Rome attacks Carthage and completely destroys it.

Legend says, Romans poured salt over ground so nothing would ever grow in Carthage again.

149 – 146 BC Carthage is no longer a

threat but Romans decide they need to destroy it.

Rome attacks Carthage and completely destroys it.

Legend says, Romans poured salt over ground so nothing would ever grow in Carthage again.

After the Punic WarsAfter the Punic Wars

Next 100 years, Rome dominates Mediterranean area and spreads culture.

If had Carthage won, their culture would have spread across the region.

Finally, Romans expand trade and wealth because of victories over Carthage.

Next 100 years, Rome dominates Mediterranean area and spreads culture.

If had Carthage won, their culture would have spread across the region.

Finally, Romans expand trade and wealth because of victories over Carthage.

Rome as an Imperial Power

Rome as an Imperial Power

Imperialism – domination over foreign lands and people

Rome expands by taking Greece, Macedonia, and parts of Asia.

Egypt becomes an alliance. Romans have now transformed into

an Empire; this challenges the Republic form of government

Imperialism – domination over foreign lands and people

Rome expands by taking Greece, Macedonia, and parts of Asia.

Egypt becomes an alliance. Romans have now transformed into

an Empire; this challenges the Republic form of government

Impact on People of Rome

Impact on People of Rome

After Punic Wars, wealthy bought great amounts of land and made them big estates called Latifunda.

Began farming as a business – forced slaves and prisoners to work land

Poor farmers fall into debt because can’t compete with Latifunda; forced to sell land.

After Punic Wars, wealthy bought great amounts of land and made them big estates called Latifunda.

Began farming as a business – forced slaves and prisoners to work land

Poor farmers fall into debt because can’t compete with Latifunda; forced to sell land.

The UnemployedThe Unemployed

Farmers who lost land often went looking for jobs in city of Rome.

Never enough jobs This poor unemployed class becomes

known as Proletariat. These people will become homeless,

frustrated, and rebellious.

Farmers who lost land often went looking for jobs in city of Rome.

Never enough jobs This poor unemployed class becomes

known as Proletariat. These people will become homeless,

frustrated, and rebellious.

Poor vs. RichPoor vs. Rich Gap in wealth deeply

divides the people. Corruption in

government also grows.

Bring on the Gracchi!!!

Gracchi – brothers Tiberius and Gaius Gracchus = Tribunes

Both sought reforms, however both were murdered.

Gap in wealth deeply divides the people.

Corruption in government also grows.

Bring on the Gracchi!!!

Gracchi – brothers Tiberius and Gaius Gracchus = Tribunes

Both sought reforms, however both were murdered.

Rebellion in RomeRebellion in Rome Spartacus - Slave who led revolt in

73 BC against Rome. Revolt crushed in 2 years;

Spartacus was crucified Generals continued to fight each

other for control until civil war eventually forced Republic to become Roman Empire.

Spartacus - Slave who led revolt in 73 BC against Rome.

Revolt crushed in 2 years; Spartacus was crucified

Generals continued to fight each other for control until civil war eventually forced Republic to become Roman Empire.