the rise of fascism in europe
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The Rise of Fascism in Europe. [Image source: http://www.bkmarcus.com/blog/archive/2005_10_01_archive.html]. [Image source: http://www2.bc.edu/~heineman/charts/fascism.jpg]. fascism. a political philosophy based on nationalism and an all-powerful state. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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The Riseof
Fascism in
Europe
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[Image source: http://www.bkmarcus.com/blog/archive/2005_10_01_archive.html]
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[Image source: http://www2.bc.edu/~heineman/charts/fascism.jpg]
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fascism
• a political philosophy based on nationalism and an all-powerful state
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Benito Mussolini is credited as the founderof fascism in
the 1920s.[Image source: http://www.coranix.com/killers/mussolini.jpg]
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The word fasce comes from one of
the symbols of authority of the
Republic of Rome.
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Mussolini imagined he could return Italy to the glory of the Roman empire days.
[Image source: http://rome.classics.lsa.umich.edu/images/empire.gif]
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Mussolini began by reasserting Italy’s control over Libya in North Africa.
[Image source: http://www.lennard.net.nz/dadsstory/16.jpg]
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Italy next invaded
Ethiopia in October
1935.
[Image source: http://nhs.needham.k12.ma.us/cur/Baker_00/03/baker-mc-
03/aby-map.jpg]
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Emperor Haile Selassie addressed the League of Nations, but his appeal for aid fell on deaf ears.
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Spain emerged as a central-front
in the warto contain fascism.
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[Image source: http://seto.org/photo/t_masters.html]
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Germany tested many of its new weapons in the Spanish Civil War.
[Image source: http://www.myimagezone.com/lib/Thumb.aspx?f=/data/0/90/90790.JPG&l=500]
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26th April 1937
[Image source: http://danielattias.blog.lemonde.fr/photos/uncategorized/guernica_pablo_picasso.jpg]
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[Image source: http://www.spanishrefugees-basquechildren.org/D3-Guernica_-_Clearing_up_1.jpg]
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General Franco emerged as the victorin the Spanish Civil War (1936-1939).
[Image source: http://www.dur.ac.uk/m.p.thompson/civwar/franco.JPG]
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Adolf Hitler first attempted to seize powerin Bavaria, Germany through the abortive
Munich Beer-hall Putsch of November 1923.
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While in prison, Hitler dictated Mein Kampf to his associate Rudolf Hess.
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Mein Kampf, published in
1925, was Adolf Hitler’s blueprint
for what he planned to do
once he became the leader of
Germany.
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Hitler came to power in Germany in 1933.
[Image source: http://ourworld.compuserve.com/homepages/sgt_stryker/hitler.gif]
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President Paul von Hindenburg asked Hitler to become chancellor and organize a government.
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Hitler became Chancellor 20th January 1933.
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[Image source: http://www.history.ucsb.edu/faculty/marcuse/classes/33d/prevyears/33d03/33d03l05-1930s.htm]
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Hitler quickly consolidated his
power at the expense of both
his allies and patrons,
ultimately becomingder Fűhrer
19th August 1934.
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[Image source: http://web.olivet.edu/~jsinclai/hitler.jpg]
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The burning of the Reischstag 27th February 1933 allowed Hitler to seize power on the pretext of
protecting Germany from threats to its security.
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The Enabling Act of 23rd March 1933 granted Hitler dictatorial powers.
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The Nazi SA (Sturmabteilung) opened their first concentration camp near Berlin 12th March 1933.
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[Image source: http://www.cartoonstock.com/lowres/amc0310l.jpg]
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Boycotts of Jewish businesses commenced 1st April 1933.
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“The Grim Reaper”The Nation(April 1933)
[Image source: http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/GERsudetenland.htm]
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The Nazi’s burned books 10th May 1933.
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In an act of violent retribution known
as the “Night of the Long Knives”, Hitler eliminated long-term, close associates of his, whom he feared,
on 30th June 1934.
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The Nüremburg Race Laws stripped German Jews of their rights in 1935.
[Image source: http://www.holocaustresearchproject.org/holoprelude/nurlaws.html]
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Chart explaining the Nüremburg
Race Laws of 15th September 1935
[Image source: http://www.holocaustresearchproject.org/holoprelude/nurlaws.html]
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Hitler violated the Treaty of Versailles by re-introducing military conscription.
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Hitler reoccupied the Rhineland7th March 1936.
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[Image source: http://www.ushmm.org/museum/exhibit/online/olympics/zcd056.htm]
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Hitler hoped the 1936 Olympics in Berlin would showcase Aryan superiority.
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American track stand-out Jesse
Owens shattered Hitler’s claims of Aryan racial
superiority.
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Hossbach Memorandum5th November 1937
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Hitler advocated uniting all Germans under one
government.
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In March 1938 Hitler announced
the Anschlűss (union) of
Germany and Austria.
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[Image source: http://imaginaryboys.altervista.org/italiano/nazismo/immagini_big/immagini_big1/anschluss.jpg]
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Hitler next set his eyes on the German minority living in the Sudetenland of
neighboring Czechoslovakia.
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Well-intentioned European leaders, meeting in Munich, appeased Hitler and ceded-away part of sovereign-Czechoslovakian territory in the hope of preventing a European war.
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Hitler marched into the Sudetenland 15th October 1938.
[Image source: http://www.historyonthenet.com/WW2/images/sudetenland.gif]
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[Image source: http://www.bbc.co.uk/scotland/education/bitesize/higher/img/history/roadwar/anschluss/anschluss.gif]
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“We have peace in our time!”
Great Britain’s Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain.
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Hitler ended-up occupying the rest of Czechoslovakia
in March 1939.
[Image source: http://www.bwbs.de/UserFiles/Image/1936-1940/sudeten(1).jpg]
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[Image source: http://www.library.vcu.edu/pdfgif/speccoll/sykes/sykes010.jpg]
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Kristallnacht9th/10th November 1938
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Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union sign a
non-aggression pact 23rd
August 1939.
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[Image source: http://www.bkmarcus.com/blog/archive/2005_10_01_archive.html]
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[Image source: http://www.inminds.co.uk/iraqnica.jpg]
Many people today erroneously see a similarity between fascism’s drive to dominate the world and America’s desire to make the world safe from terrorism.
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They perceive a threat to our
individual liberties as
emanating only from one of the
two major political parties.
[Image source: http://members.aye.net/~hippie/images/blog/fascism.jpg]
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Signs of fascism include “group-
think”, where only certain ideas and perspectives are
considered acceptable, and
increasing government
intrusion into daily life (regulation).
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Disapproval of fascism is district curriculum and policy.
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Beware the “cult of personality”.