The Roaring Twenties (1919ndash1929)

Brandie Jimenez

bull Henry Ford born July 30 1863 was the first of William and Mary Fords six children He grew up on a prosperous family farm in what is today Dearborn Michigan Henry enjoyed a childhood typical of the rural nineteenth century spending days in a one-room school and doing farm chores At an early age he showed an interest in mechanical things and a dislike for farm work

bull In 1879 sixteen-year-old Ford left home for the nearby city of Detroit to work as an apprentice machinist although he did occasionally return to help on the farm He remained an apprentice for three years and then returned to Dearborn During the next few years Henry divided his time between operating or repairing steam engines finding occasional work in a Detroit factory and over-hauling his fathers farm implements as well as lending a reluctant hand with other farm work Upon his marriage to Clara Bryant in 1888 Henry supported himself and his wife by running a sawmill

Men and womenbull Equal Rights Amendment (1923)bull The Case for Equalitybull bull ldquoMen and women shall have equal rightsbull throughout the United States and everybull place subject to its jurisdictionrdquobull bull ldquoIn many highly paid trades women havebull been pushed into the lower grades ofbull work limited in earning capacity if notbull shut out of the trade entirely by thesebull so-called protective lawsrdquobull bull ldquo How much better by one blow to dobull away with discriminating against womenbull in work salaries promotion andbull opportunities to compete with men in abull fair field with no favour on either siderdquo

Presidential PhilosophyThe philosophy of the presidents of the 1920rsquos towards business affected the operations of American

businesses in different ways The three different Presidents in control during the 1920rsquos were Warren G Harding Calvin Coolidge and Herbert Hoover The American business was affected differently under each of their control

Under the short presidency of Warren Harding from 1921 to 1923 the government became very corrupted because of Hardingrsquos choice of people he put in power Also with the end of the war the United States went through wage cuts unemployment and growing farm distress Also Harding lowered taxes and repealed wartime excess of profits tax He also reduced railroad rates and promoted agricultural interests a national budget system a great merchant marine and a department of public welfare Despite what Harding did for the United States he also let slip by him the great scandal brought on by Albert B Fall Because Harding was not very involved in the government or business Fall was able to lease two critical government oil reserves and in return he received illegal payments exceeding $300000

Under the presidency of Calvin Coolidge or ldquoSilent Calrdquo the businesses of America greatly benefited Coolidge gave his support of American business in many ways He supported the business by raising tariffs this helped the manufacturers by making foreign goods more expensive and American goods more easily gotten Coolidge was also less inclined to use the government to aid citizens

Herbert Hoover was the thirty-first President in office from 1929 to 1933 Hoover had congress pass the Agricultural Marketing Act to help farmers that were suffering form low incomes He also tried to have prohibition enforced but nothing came of the effort Hoover also believed that the aid the unemployed needed should come from local governments not the federal government His policy was to lend insurance companies banks railroads state and county governments money to stimulate activity in the economy Many people believed that he should have aided big businesses so those businesses in turn could provide employment thus helping the people during the time of crisis the United States was in at the time

Backgroundbull Historically women have been

considered intellectually inferior to menbull They were seen as major sources of

temptation and evil bull Women were also considered naturally

weaker than men

1920 29 Flappers - ldquoFlappersrdquo

bull To her urban peers she was a liberated female to her parents and rural America she was a frightening rebel harlot1048698Her cause and notoriety were aided by the availability of the Model T an automobile that some scholars have dubbed ldquothe movable bedroomrdquo

ldquoThe Flapperrdquobull The playful flapper here we see

bull The fairest of the fair

bull Shersquos not what Grandma used to be

bull You might say au contraire

bull Her girlish ways may make a stir

bull Her manners cause a scene

bull But there is no more harm in her

bull Than in a submarine

bull She nightly knocks for many a goal

bull The usual dancing men

bull Her speed is great but her control

bull Is something else again

bull All spotlights focus on her pranks

bull All tongues her prowess herald

bull For which she well may render thanks

bull To God and Scott Fitzgerald

bull Her golden rule is plain enough ndash

bull Just get them young and treat them rough

Life of a Flapper

bull The life of a flapper was a lot of fun

bull It consisted of constant partying

bull Flappers smoked cigarettes and drank alcohol ndash all of which were unheard of if you were a woman

bull They lived very reckless lives and would cling to their youth

bull Flappers were the first of the women to flaunt their sexuality

bull Their lifestyles were shown in the way that they dressed and danced

Entertainment Dancing

bull Dancing was a flappers favorite pastime They would dance the Charleston Black Bottom and the Shimmy

bull The May 1920 edition of Atlantic Monthly said that ldquoflappers trot like foxes limp like lame ducks one step like cripples and all the barbaric lawp of strange instruments which transform the whole scene into a moving picture of a fancy ball in bedliamrdquo

Different problems

Men and womenbull Equal Rights Amendment (1923)bull The Case for Equalitybull bull ldquoMen and women shall have equal rightsbull throughout the United States and everybull place subject to its jurisdictionrdquobull bull ldquoIn many highly paid trades women havebull been pushed into the lower grades ofbull work limited in earning capacity if notbull shut out of the trade entirely by thesebull so-called protective lawsrdquobull bull ldquo How much better by one blow to dobull away with discriminating against womenbull in work salaries promotion andbull opportunities to compete with men in abull fair field with no favour on either siderdquo

Presidential PhilosophyThe philosophy of the presidents of the 1920rsquos towards business affected the operations of American

businesses in different ways The three different Presidents in control during the 1920rsquos were Warren G Harding Calvin Coolidge and Herbert Hoover The American business was affected differently under each of their control

Under the short presidency of Warren Harding from 1921 to 1923 the government became very corrupted because of Hardingrsquos choice of people he put in power Also with the end of the war the United States went through wage cuts unemployment and growing farm distress Also Harding lowered taxes and repealed wartime excess of profits tax He also reduced railroad rates and promoted agricultural interests a national budget system a great merchant marine and a department of public welfare Despite what Harding did for the United States he also let slip by him the great scandal brought on by Albert B Fall Because Harding was not very involved in the government or business Fall was able to lease two critical government oil reserves and in return he received illegal payments exceeding $300000

Under the presidency of Calvin Coolidge or ldquoSilent Calrdquo the businesses of America greatly benefited Coolidge gave his support of American business in many ways He supported the business by raising tariffs this helped the manufacturers by making foreign goods more expensive and American goods more easily gotten Coolidge was also less inclined to use the government to aid citizens

Herbert Hoover was the thirty-first President in office from 1929 to 1933 Hoover had congress pass the Agricultural Marketing Act to help farmers that were suffering form low incomes He also tried to have prohibition enforced but nothing came of the effort Hoover also believed that the aid the unemployed needed should come from local governments not the federal government His policy was to lend insurance companies banks railroads state and county governments money to stimulate activity in the economy Many people believed that he should have aided big businesses so those businesses in turn could provide employment thus helping the people during the time of crisis the United States was in at the time

Backgroundbull Historically women have been

considered intellectually inferior to menbull They were seen as major sources of

temptation and evil bull Women were also considered naturally

weaker than men

1920 29 Flappers - ldquoFlappersrdquo

bull To her urban peers she was a liberated female to her parents and rural America she was a frightening rebel harlot1048698Her cause and notoriety were aided by the availability of the Model T an automobile that some scholars have dubbed ldquothe movable bedroomrdquo

ldquoThe Flapperrdquobull The playful flapper here we see

bull The fairest of the fair

bull Shersquos not what Grandma used to be

bull You might say au contraire

bull Her girlish ways may make a stir

bull Her manners cause a scene

bull But there is no more harm in her

bull Than in a submarine

bull She nightly knocks for many a goal

bull The usual dancing men

bull Her speed is great but her control

bull Is something else again

bull All spotlights focus on her pranks

bull All tongues her prowess herald

bull For which she well may render thanks

bull To God and Scott Fitzgerald

bull Her golden rule is plain enough ndash

bull Just get them young and treat them rough

Life of a Flapper

bull The life of a flapper was a lot of fun

bull It consisted of constant partying

bull Flappers smoked cigarettes and drank alcohol ndash all of which were unheard of if you were a woman

bull They lived very reckless lives and would cling to their youth

bull Flappers were the first of the women to flaunt their sexuality

bull Their lifestyles were shown in the way that they dressed and danced

Entertainment Dancing

bull Dancing was a flappers favorite pastime They would dance the Charleston Black Bottom and the Shimmy

bull The May 1920 edition of Atlantic Monthly said that ldquoflappers trot like foxes limp like lame ducks one step like cripples and all the barbaric lawp of strange instruments which transform the whole scene into a moving picture of a fancy ball in bedliamrdquo

Different problems

Presidential PhilosophyThe philosophy of the presidents of the 1920rsquos towards business affected the operations of American

businesses in different ways The three different Presidents in control during the 1920rsquos were Warren G Harding Calvin Coolidge and Herbert Hoover The American business was affected differently under each of their control

Under the short presidency of Warren Harding from 1921 to 1923 the government became very corrupted because of Hardingrsquos choice of people he put in power Also with the end of the war the United States went through wage cuts unemployment and growing farm distress Also Harding lowered taxes and repealed wartime excess of profits tax He also reduced railroad rates and promoted agricultural interests a national budget system a great merchant marine and a department of public welfare Despite what Harding did for the United States he also let slip by him the great scandal brought on by Albert B Fall Because Harding was not very involved in the government or business Fall was able to lease two critical government oil reserves and in return he received illegal payments exceeding $300000

Under the presidency of Calvin Coolidge or ldquoSilent Calrdquo the businesses of America greatly benefited Coolidge gave his support of American business in many ways He supported the business by raising tariffs this helped the manufacturers by making foreign goods more expensive and American goods more easily gotten Coolidge was also less inclined to use the government to aid citizens

Herbert Hoover was the thirty-first President in office from 1929 to 1933 Hoover had congress pass the Agricultural Marketing Act to help farmers that were suffering form low incomes He also tried to have prohibition enforced but nothing came of the effort Hoover also believed that the aid the unemployed needed should come from local governments not the federal government His policy was to lend insurance companies banks railroads state and county governments money to stimulate activity in the economy Many people believed that he should have aided big businesses so those businesses in turn could provide employment thus helping the people during the time of crisis the United States was in at the time

Backgroundbull Historically women have been

considered intellectually inferior to menbull They were seen as major sources of

temptation and evil bull Women were also considered naturally

weaker than men

1920 29 Flappers - ldquoFlappersrdquo

bull To her urban peers she was a liberated female to her parents and rural America she was a frightening rebel harlot1048698Her cause and notoriety were aided by the availability of the Model T an automobile that some scholars have dubbed ldquothe movable bedroomrdquo

ldquoThe Flapperrdquobull The playful flapper here we see

bull The fairest of the fair

bull Shersquos not what Grandma used to be

bull You might say au contraire

bull Her girlish ways may make a stir

bull Her manners cause a scene

bull But there is no more harm in her

bull Than in a submarine

bull She nightly knocks for many a goal

bull The usual dancing men

bull Her speed is great but her control

bull Is something else again

bull All spotlights focus on her pranks

bull All tongues her prowess herald

bull For which she well may render thanks

bull To God and Scott Fitzgerald

bull Her golden rule is plain enough ndash

bull Just get them young and treat them rough

Life of a Flapper

bull The life of a flapper was a lot of fun

bull It consisted of constant partying

bull Flappers smoked cigarettes and drank alcohol ndash all of which were unheard of if you were a woman

bull They lived very reckless lives and would cling to their youth

bull Flappers were the first of the women to flaunt their sexuality

bull Their lifestyles were shown in the way that they dressed and danced

Entertainment Dancing

bull Dancing was a flappers favorite pastime They would dance the Charleston Black Bottom and the Shimmy

bull The May 1920 edition of Atlantic Monthly said that ldquoflappers trot like foxes limp like lame ducks one step like cripples and all the barbaric lawp of strange instruments which transform the whole scene into a moving picture of a fancy ball in bedliamrdquo

Different problems

Backgroundbull Historically women have been

considered intellectually inferior to menbull They were seen as major sources of

temptation and evil bull Women were also considered naturally

weaker than men

1920 29 Flappers - ldquoFlappersrdquo

bull To her urban peers she was a liberated female to her parents and rural America she was a frightening rebel harlot1048698Her cause and notoriety were aided by the availability of the Model T an automobile that some scholars have dubbed ldquothe movable bedroomrdquo

ldquoThe Flapperrdquobull The playful flapper here we see

bull The fairest of the fair

bull Shersquos not what Grandma used to be

bull You might say au contraire

bull Her girlish ways may make a stir

bull Her manners cause a scene

bull But there is no more harm in her

bull Than in a submarine

bull She nightly knocks for many a goal

bull The usual dancing men

bull Her speed is great but her control

bull Is something else again

bull All spotlights focus on her pranks

bull All tongues her prowess herald

bull For which she well may render thanks

bull To God and Scott Fitzgerald

bull Her golden rule is plain enough ndash

bull Just get them young and treat them rough

Life of a Flapper

bull The life of a flapper was a lot of fun

bull It consisted of constant partying

bull Flappers smoked cigarettes and drank alcohol ndash all of which were unheard of if you were a woman

bull They lived very reckless lives and would cling to their youth

bull Flappers were the first of the women to flaunt their sexuality

bull Their lifestyles were shown in the way that they dressed and danced

Entertainment Dancing

bull Dancing was a flappers favorite pastime They would dance the Charleston Black Bottom and the Shimmy

bull The May 1920 edition of Atlantic Monthly said that ldquoflappers trot like foxes limp like lame ducks one step like cripples and all the barbaric lawp of strange instruments which transform the whole scene into a moving picture of a fancy ball in bedliamrdquo

Different problems

1920 29 Flappers - ldquoFlappersrdquo

bull To her urban peers she was a liberated female to her parents and rural America she was a frightening rebel harlot1048698Her cause and notoriety were aided by the availability of the Model T an automobile that some scholars have dubbed ldquothe movable bedroomrdquo

ldquoThe Flapperrdquobull The playful flapper here we see

bull The fairest of the fair

bull Shersquos not what Grandma used to be

bull You might say au contraire

bull Her girlish ways may make a stir

bull Her manners cause a scene

bull But there is no more harm in her

bull Than in a submarine

bull She nightly knocks for many a goal

bull The usual dancing men

bull Her speed is great but her control

bull Is something else again

bull All spotlights focus on her pranks

bull All tongues her prowess herald

bull For which she well may render thanks

bull To God and Scott Fitzgerald

bull Her golden rule is plain enough ndash

bull Just get them young and treat them rough

Life of a Flapper

bull The life of a flapper was a lot of fun

bull It consisted of constant partying

bull Flappers smoked cigarettes and drank alcohol ndash all of which were unheard of if you were a woman

bull They lived very reckless lives and would cling to their youth

bull Flappers were the first of the women to flaunt their sexuality

bull Their lifestyles were shown in the way that they dressed and danced

Entertainment Dancing

bull Dancing was a flappers favorite pastime They would dance the Charleston Black Bottom and the Shimmy

bull The May 1920 edition of Atlantic Monthly said that ldquoflappers trot like foxes limp like lame ducks one step like cripples and all the barbaric lawp of strange instruments which transform the whole scene into a moving picture of a fancy ball in bedliamrdquo

Different problems

ldquoThe Flapperrdquobull The playful flapper here we see

bull The fairest of the fair

bull Shersquos not what Grandma used to be

bull You might say au contraire

bull Her girlish ways may make a stir

bull Her manners cause a scene

bull But there is no more harm in her

bull Than in a submarine

bull She nightly knocks for many a goal

bull The usual dancing men

bull Her speed is great but her control

bull Is something else again

bull All spotlights focus on her pranks

bull All tongues her prowess herald

bull For which she well may render thanks

bull To God and Scott Fitzgerald

bull Her golden rule is plain enough ndash

bull Just get them young and treat them rough

Life of a Flapper

bull The life of a flapper was a lot of fun

bull It consisted of constant partying

bull Flappers smoked cigarettes and drank alcohol ndash all of which were unheard of if you were a woman

bull They lived very reckless lives and would cling to their youth

bull Flappers were the first of the women to flaunt their sexuality

bull Their lifestyles were shown in the way that they dressed and danced

Entertainment Dancing

bull Dancing was a flappers favorite pastime They would dance the Charleston Black Bottom and the Shimmy

bull The May 1920 edition of Atlantic Monthly said that ldquoflappers trot like foxes limp like lame ducks one step like cripples and all the barbaric lawp of strange instruments which transform the whole scene into a moving picture of a fancy ball in bedliamrdquo

Different problems

Life of a Flapper

bull The life of a flapper was a lot of fun

bull It consisted of constant partying

bull Flappers smoked cigarettes and drank alcohol ndash all of which were unheard of if you were a woman

bull They lived very reckless lives and would cling to their youth

bull Flappers were the first of the women to flaunt their sexuality

bull Their lifestyles were shown in the way that they dressed and danced

Entertainment Dancing

bull Dancing was a flappers favorite pastime They would dance the Charleston Black Bottom and the Shimmy

bull The May 1920 edition of Atlantic Monthly said that ldquoflappers trot like foxes limp like lame ducks one step like cripples and all the barbaric lawp of strange instruments which transform the whole scene into a moving picture of a fancy ball in bedliamrdquo

Different problems

Entertainment Dancing

bull Dancing was a flappers favorite pastime They would dance the Charleston Black Bottom and the Shimmy

bull The May 1920 edition of Atlantic Monthly said that ldquoflappers trot like foxes limp like lame ducks one step like cripples and all the barbaric lawp of strange instruments which transform the whole scene into a moving picture of a fancy ball in bedliamrdquo

Different problems

Different problems

Workers

bull Workers went on strike when wages did not increase along with prices

Money 1920

- Stocks rose 65 in the years between 1920 and 1929

- Wages increased only 25

- Before 1920 people borrowed money only to start a business buy a house

bull - They would then make more money and then would return it

World News

bull Bankrupted by the war Germany was in an economic crisis

bull A fiery speaker Adolf Hitler promises to return Germany to its former greatness

bull Like the KKK Hitler appealed to people who wanted someone to blame for their problems

bull Bankrupted by the war Germany was in an economic crisis

bull A fiery speaker Adolf Hitler promises to return Germany to its former greatness

bull Like the KKK Hitler appealed to people who wanted someone to blame for their problems

Famous people 1920

Culture Wars 1920

bull Nativism-Immigration Restriction-Congress ldquoNational Origins Act of 1924rdquo(wasp)1048698KKK (2nd advent) 1915 national money maker-the Klan grew to several million members by 1924 then collapsed overnight1048698Prohibition and Crime ndashVolsteadAct 1920 Bootleggers and organized crime flourish1048698Old Time Religion -Scopes Trial and the ACLU1048698Fundamentalism anti-Catholic anti-Evolution anti-Semitic1048698Contraception advances along racism lines ndashEugenics Margaret Sanger

Women 1920

bull Pre-World War Indash Women start to migrate

towards the cities

bull During the Warndash Women start working in

factories

bull After the warndash Found a new sense of

worth belongingndash Votingndash Social independence

World war 1

bull United States enters World War I and President Wilson promotes the principles of peace and justice in the life of the world

bull 1914 - 1920

Migration from Rural to Urban 1920

bull Farmers did well for first two decades

bull After the war prices droppedndash 6 million move to the cities

bull African Americans move North ndash factories bring new jobs

• The Roaring Twenties (1919ndash1929)
• Slide 2
• Men and women
• Presidential Philosophy
• Background
• 1920 29 Flappers - ldquo Flappersrdquo
• ldquoThe Flapperrdquo
• Life of a Flapper
• Entertainment Dancing
• Different problems
• Workers
• Money 1920
• World News
• Famous people 1920
• Culture Wars 1920
• Women 1920
• World war 1
• Migration from Rural to Urban 1920

Culture Wars 1920

bull Nativism-Immigration Restriction-Congress ldquoNational Origins Act of 1924rdquo(wasp)1048698KKK (2nd advent) 1915 national money maker-the Klan grew to several million members by 1924 then collapsed overnight1048698Prohibition and Crime ndashVolsteadAct 1920 Bootleggers and organized crime flourish1048698Old Time Religion -Scopes Trial and the ACLU1048698Fundamentalism anti-Catholic anti-Evolution anti-Semitic1048698Contraception advances along racism lines ndashEugenics Margaret Sanger

Women 1920

bull Pre-World War Indash Women start to migrate

towards the cities

bull During the Warndash Women start working in

factories

bull After the warndash Found a new sense of

worth belongingndash Votingndash Social independence

World war 1

bull United States enters World War I and President Wilson promotes the principles of peace and justice in the life of the world

bull 1914 - 1920

Migration from Rural to Urban 1920

bull Farmers did well for first two decades

bull After the war prices droppedndash 6 million move to the cities

bull African Americans move North ndash factories bring new jobs

• The Roaring Twenties (1919ndash1929)
• Slide 2
• Men and women
• Presidential Philosophy
• Background
• 1920 29 Flappers - ldquo Flappersrdquo
• ldquoThe Flapperrdquo
• Life of a Flapper
• Entertainment Dancing
• Different problems
• Workers
• Money 1920
• World News
• Famous people 1920
• Culture Wars 1920
• Women 1920
• World war 1
• Migration from Rural to Urban 1920

Women 1920

bull Pre-World War Indash Women start to migrate

towards the cities

bull During the Warndash Women start working in

factories

bull After the warndash Found a new sense of

worth belongingndash Votingndash Social independence

World war 1

bull United States enters World War I and President Wilson promotes the principles of peace and justice in the life of the world

bull 1914 - 1920

Migration from Rural to Urban 1920

bull Farmers did well for first two decades

bull After the war prices droppedndash 6 million move to the cities

bull African Americans move North ndash factories bring new jobs

• The Roaring Twenties (1919ndash1929)
• Slide 2
• Men and women
• Presidential Philosophy
• Background
• 1920 29 Flappers - ldquo Flappersrdquo
• ldquoThe Flapperrdquo
• Life of a Flapper
• Entertainment Dancing
• Different problems
• Workers
• Money 1920
• World News
• Famous people 1920
• Culture Wars 1920
• Women 1920
• World war 1
• Migration from Rural to Urban 1920

World war 1

bull United States enters World War I and President Wilson promotes the principles of peace and justice in the life of the world

bull 1914 - 1920

Migration from Rural to Urban 1920

bull Farmers did well for first two decades

bull After the war prices droppedndash 6 million move to the cities

bull African Americans move North ndash factories bring new jobs

• The Roaring Twenties (1919ndash1929)
• Slide 2
• Men and women
• Presidential Philosophy
• Background
• 1920 29 Flappers - ldquo Flappersrdquo
• ldquoThe Flapperrdquo
• Life of a Flapper
• Entertainment Dancing
• Different problems
• Workers
• Money 1920
• World News
• Famous people 1920
• Culture Wars 1920
• Women 1920
• World war 1
• Migration from Rural to Urban 1920

Migration from Rural to Urban 1920

bull Farmers did well for first two decades

bull After the war prices droppedndash 6 million move to the cities

bull African Americans move North ndash factories bring new jobs

• The Roaring Twenties (1919ndash1929)
• Slide 2
• Men and women
• Presidential Philosophy
• Background
• 1920 29 Flappers - ldquo Flappersrdquo
• ldquoThe Flapperrdquo
• Life of a Flapper
• Entertainment Dancing
• Different problems
• Workers
• Money 1920
• World News
• Famous people 1920
• Culture Wars 1920
• Women 1920
• World war 1
• Migration from Rural to Urban 1920