What is weather?

Weather describes the state of the atmosphere at any particular time.

Weather can be described in terms of temperature, precipitation (snow, rain & hail), wind speed and direction, visibility and cloud amounts.

What is Climate?

Climate describes the average weather of a particular part of the world at different times of the year

In Britain we would expect cool summers and mild winters with moderate rainfall throughout the year

What are Seasons ?Each of the four (or five, in some countries) divisions of the year (spring, summer, autumn, winter and monsoon) marked by particular weather patterns and daylight hours, resulting from the earth's changing position with regard to the sun is/are known as Season(s).

Climate of IndiaIndia’s climate can be classified as a hot tropical country, except the northern states of Himachal Pradesh and Jammu & Kashmir , and Sikkim in the north-eastern hills, which have a cooler, more continental influenced climate.In most of India summer is very hot, begins in April and

continues till the beginning of October, when the monsoon rains start to fall. The heat peaks in June with temperatures in the northern plains and the west reach 45°C or more.The monsoons hit the country during this period too. Moisture laden trade winds sweep the country bringing heavy rains and thunderstorms; sometimes these monsoon rains can be very heavy, causing flooding and damage, especially along the big Rivers i.e. Brahmaputra and Ganges. In the northern high altitude mountains it snows through the winter and even summer months are only mildly warm.

Seasons of India

Winter, occurring from December to March. Summer or pre-monsoon season, lasting from April to June (April to July in north-western India). Monsoon or rainy season, lasting from July to September.Autumn season, lasting from October to November.

Climate of the United KingdomYou might have heard that it always rains in the United

Kingdom. It’s fair to say that it does rain a lot, and it

can be cloudy, but it is also said that London is drier

than Rome, New York, Brisbane, Rio de Janeiro, and

Tokyo! The reason people associate the UK with rain is

because the weather here is so unpredictable. The rain

can come at any time of year and on any day. You

might wake up to beautiful blue skies, only to be

soaked in rain a few hours later.

Although UK’s weather is unpredictable, it is rarely

extreme. In summer, the average temperature ranges

from 9–18C . On occasion, it can reach around 30C in

a heat wave, but this is rare. In winter the average is

between 2 -7C, but temperatures often drop to just

below 0C. Thankfully, most houses, buildings, trains

and buses have good heating systems Northern parts

Seasons of UK

Spring (March, April and May).

Summer (June, July and August).

Autumn (September, October and November).

Winter (December, January and February)

The Weather Station

A weather station

makes continuous

measurements of

different aspects of the

weather.

Weather stations use

standard instruments

so that their readings

can be compared.

Temperature

Temperature is

recorded using

thermometers housed

inside a Stevenson

screen

Weather stations record

both air temperature

and the temperature of

the ground

Precipitation

Rainfall, snow, hail and fog.

Rainfall is measured in a raingauge.

Some raingaugesrecord rainfall automatically whilst others are emptied everyday by an observer

Wind

The direction and strength of the wind are both measured

A wind vane measures direction

An anemometer records strength

Wind strength can also be measured using the Beaufort Scale

Pressure

Pressure is the weight of the atmosphere

When air rises pressure falls

When air sinks pressure increases

Pressure controls the type of weather

Barometers and barographs record pressure