the second field campaign of the russian reference … second field campaign of the russian...

6
1 The Second Field Campaign of the Russian Reference Frame Creation G.V.Demianov 1 , V.I.Kaftan 1 , N.L.Makarenko 1 Introduction Federal Service of Geodesy and Cartography of Russia have begun to create the new geodetic reference frame using GPS technology in 1999. The structure of the Russian Geodetic Reference Frame was described in (Demianov, Kaftan, Zubinsky, 1999) The first fragment of the new network of 15 points was observed at the Central European part of Russia (Demianov et al., 2000). The Central Research Institute of Geodesy, Aerial Surveying and Cartography have carried out the scientific provisions of the project and participation in the First Field Campaign. The Second Field Campaign was brought of in September 2000. Nine Regional Divisions of the Federal Service of Geodesy and Cartography took part in the field work. Now the constructed part of the network, shown in Fig.1, consists of 66 points. Eight of them are the fiducial astro-geodetic (FAGN) stations and the others are the points of the Precise Geodetic Network. The observation results are under processing now. Used Equipment Different models of GPS equipment were used in the field observation. Long term observation at the FAGN and PGN stations was carried out by the use of dual frequency receivers of JPS, Trimble and Ashtech manufacturers. Local ties of the new GPS points to points of the classic State Astro-Geodetic Network of the 1 st and the 2 nd orders and benchmarks of the Main Vertical Reference Frame were executed using Wild System 200 and Trimble SST equipment. All types of GPS receivers and antennas are presented in Table. ________________________________ 1 Gleb V. Demianov, Vladimir I. Kaftan, Nikolay L. Makarenko: Central Research Institute of Geodesy, Aerial Surveying and Cartography, Onezhskaia 26, 125413 Moscow, RUSSIA, e- mail: [email protected]

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Page 1: The Second Field Campaign of the Russian Reference … Second Field Campaign of the Russian Reference Frame Creation ... Trimble and Ashtech manufacturers. ... Trimble 4000SST 4000ST/SSE

1

The Second Field Campaign of the Russian Reference Frame Creation

G.V.Demianov1, V.I.Kaftan1, N.L.Makarenko1

Introduction

Federal Service of Geodesy and Cartography of Russia have begun to create the new geodetic

reference frame using GPS technology in 1999. The structure of the Russian Geodetic

Reference Frame was described in (Demianov, Kaftan, Zubinsky, 1999) The first fragment of

the new network of 15 points was observed at the Central European part of Russia (Demianov

et al., 2000). The Central Research Institute of Geodesy, Aerial Surveying and Cartography

have carried out the scientific provisions of the project and participation in the First Field

Campaign. The Second Field Campaign was brought of in September 2000. Nine Regional

Divisions of the Federal Service of Geodesy and Cartography took part in the field work.

Now the constructed part of the network, shown in Fig.1, consists of 66 points. Eight of them

are the fiducial astro-geodetic (FAGN) stations and the others are the points of the Precise

Geodetic Network. The observation results are under processing now.

Used Equipment

Different models of GPS equipment were used in the field observation. Long term

observation at the FAGN and PGN stations was carried out by the use of dual frequency

receivers of JPS, Trimble and Ashtech manufacturers. Local ties of the new GPS points to

points of the classic State Astro-Geodetic Network of the 1st and the 2nd orders and

benchmarks of the Main Vertical Reference Frame were executed using Wild System 200 and

Trimble SST equipment. All types of GPS receivers and antennas are presented in Table.

________________________________1 Gleb V. Demianov, Vladimir I. Kaftan, Nikolay L. Makarenko: Central Research Institute of

Geodesy, Aerial Surveying and Cartography, Onezhskaia 26, 125413 Moscow, RUSSIA, e-

mail: [email protected]

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Fig. 1. Russian Reference Frame for the European territory (red points -fiducial GPS stations, blue and named dots - created points of the PreciseGeodetic Network (PGN), green dots - planned points of PGN)

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GPS equipment used in the Second Field Campaign of the Russian Reference Frame

construction

Necessary calibration procedures (Kaftan, Tatevian, 2000) were performed before the field

observation for the antennas used at the FAGN and PGN stations.

The transportable absolute ballistic laser garvimeter GBL-P was used for the gravity

determination at the fiducial FAGN stations.

Measurement Technique

As it is mentioned above the Second Field Campaign was performed in 2000. Sixteen field

teams consisting of 4-5 members took part in the field observation. It is necessary to remark

that colleagues from Belorussia participated in a one session of GPS observation

simultaneously with Russia teams. The network of the Second Field Campaign was

connected to the margin points of the first PGN fragment observed in 1999. GPS observation

Manufacturer Receivertype

Antenna type Number ofunits

Aim of theuse

JPS Legacy Regant_SD 5 Main baselines100-350 km

JPS Legacy Legant 1 Main baselines100-350 km

TopconPositioningSystems

Legacy-EGGD

Regant_SD 4 Main baselines100-350 km

Trimble4000SSE

4000ST/SSEL1/L2 Geod

6 Main baselines100-350 km

Trimble4000SSE

CompactL1/L2

3 Main baselines100-350 km

Trimble4000SSi

CompactL1/L2

3 Main baselines100-350 km

Trimble4000SSi

Choke Ring 1 Main baselines100-350 km

Trimble4000SST

4000ST/SSEL1/L2 Geod

1 Local ties<30 km

Trimble

Trimble4000SE

CompactDome

2 Local ties<30 km

Ashtech Z-XII AshtechGeodetic III Whopper

3 Main baselines100-350 km

Leica WILD GPS- System200

Sensor WildSR299

7 Local ties<30 km

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at the fiducial stations was run for about a month. This time interval covered three PGN

observation sessions going on from 3 to 8 days. Each day GPS signals at FAGN and PGN

points were recorded from 10:00 to 9:50 MT with 30s intervals. Elevation mask was

established to 100.

The centers of the FAGN stations are the special monuments build into roofs of town

buildings. These centers have been tied to special earth placed centers providing the control of

stability of the main observation monuments.

The PGN centers were predominantly the benchmarks of the 1st or the 2nd order leveling. In

rare cases it were the pillars of the astro-geodetic or gravimetric points.

Each FAGN main center was tied to two 1st or 2nd order leveling benchmarks and to two

astro-geodetic points of the classic national geodetic network.

PGN centers were usually tied to one leveling benchmark and to two astro-geodetic points.

These local ties were performed using two 1-4 hour GPS sessions for which GPS antennas

were fixed at different heights above the marks of the pillars.

Preliminary Results and Future Plans

Now the GPS observations are under processing. GAMIT, GPSurvey and Pinnacle software is

used for this purpose. The nearest permanent IGS and EUREF GPS stations are used in

processing simultaneously with the new FAGN and PGN points. ITRF97 coordinates of the

seven permanent stations were fixed in the whole adjustment. Preliminary results of the

adjustment have shown the accuracy of the FAGN and PGN point position about 0.5 cm in a

plane and 1-2 cm in a heght.

Absolute gravity measurements were performed at Samara and Nizhniy Novgorod FAGN

stations. The analysis of repeatabilities between 60 drops has shown the rout mean square

variations of about 2-2.5 microGals for the both stations.

After adjustment of the created GPS network a precise ITRS coordinates will be determined.

A computation of the transformations between ITRS and the Russian State Geodetic

Reference System of 1995 (SGRS95) will be the next step of the work under the project. Thus

it will be possible to obtain the SGRS95-ETRS89 transformation too. The obtained values of

geodetic and normal heights will allow us to make more precise geoid and to use GPS

observation for the developing of the normal height system.

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Fig. 2. Planned FAGN and PGN fragments (red - FAGN station,green dots - PGN points)

The third field campaign is intended to be in the Far East region of Russia. The chart of the

planned network fragment is presented at the Fig.2. But another variant is probable too. It can

be extension of the European fragment to the Ural region. The choice of the variants depends

on the economical conditions.

Reference

Demianov G.V., Kaftan V.I., Makarenko N.L., Zabnev V.I., Zoubinsky V.I. (2000), New

Russian Reference Frame: Status and development, International Association of

Geodesy, Section I – Positioning, Commission X – Global and Regional Geodetic Net-

works, Sub-Commission for Europe (EUREF), Publication No. 9, 293-300

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Demianov G.V., Kaftan V.I., Zubinsky V.I. (1999), Russian National Satellite Geodetic

Network, International Association of Geodesy, Section I – Positioning, Commission X

– Global and Regional Geodetic Networks, Sub-Commission for Europe (EUREF),

Publication No. 8, 199-201

Kaftan V.I., Tatevian R.A. (2000), Local control network of fiducial GLONASS/GPS station,

International Association of Geodesy, Section I – Positioning, Commission X – Global

and Regional Geodetic Networks, Sub-Commission for Europe (EUREF), Publication

No. 9, 333-337