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Theory of Reverse Osmosis Theory of Reverse Osmosis MembranesMembranes

Dilute Solution

Concentrated Solution

Osmotic Pressure

Dilute Solution

Concentrated Solution

Pressure

RO Membrane

RO Membrane

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Types of Reverse Osmosis Types of Reverse Osmosis MembranesMembranes

First commercially available membrane was First commercially available membrane was an asymmetric Cellulose Acetate (CA) an asymmetric Cellulose Acetate (CA) membrane (early 60’s)membrane (early 60’s)

Thin film composite (TFC) polyamide Thin film composite (TFC) polyamide membranes were an improvement on the membranes were an improvement on the original CA membranesoriginal CA membranes

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TFC vs. CA MembranesTFC vs. CA Membranes

Wider pH range 2 to 12 vs. 4 to 6Wider pH range 2 to 12 vs. 4 to 6 Lower operating pressure (1/2)Lower operating pressure (1/2) Higher rejections 99% vs. 96%Higher rejections 99% vs. 96% CA more resistant to chlorineCA more resistant to chlorine

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Feed Water ConsiderationsFeed Water Considerations

Scaling PotentialScaling Potential- Sparingly soluble compounds (CaCO- Sparingly soluble compounds (CaCO33, , Fe(OH) Fe(OH)33))- Alkalinity- Alkalinity

Silt Density Index (SDI)Silt Density Index (SDI) TurbidityTurbidity Biological foulingBiological fouling pHpH

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Prevention of Scale FormationPrevention of Scale Formation

Acid additionAcid addition Reduction of recoveryReduction of recovery Scale inhibitor additionScale inhibitor addition SofteningSoftening Preventative cleaningPreventative cleaning

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SDI and Turbidity ReductionSDI and Turbidity Reduction

Media filtrationMedia filtration Cartridge filtrationCartridge filtration Coagulant addition prior to coarse filtrationCoagulant addition prior to coarse filtration UltrafiltrationUltrafiltration

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Biological FoulingBiological Fouling

Chlorine additionChlorine addition OzoneOzone DechlorinationDechlorination

– Activated carbonActivated carbon– Sodium MetabisulfiteSodium Metabisulfite

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System DesignSystem Design

Feed water analysisFeed water analysis Product water requirementsProduct water requirements Required flow Required flow Materials of constructionMaterials of construction Level of instrumentationLevel of instrumentation

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Typical Flow SchematicTypical Flow Schematic

RO Membrane

RO Membrane

From Pressurized Treated Water Storage

(if using a repressurization pump. Plug connection if

using a bladder tank for storage)

LPS 01

LPS - Low Pressure Switch P I - Pressure Indicator F I - Flow Indicator

To Treated Water Storage

Water to be Treated

P I 03

SP7500 - 1 Membrane installed SP15000 - 2 Membranes installed SP22500 - 3 Membranes installed

FI 01

FI 02

FI 03

P1

V3 V4

CV3

SV1PI 02

CV2

CV1

Set @ 50 psi

CV4

CV5

SP2

SP1

230 VAC, 20A, 1Ø 2 lines, Neutral & GND SP Series with NF membranes 1.5 Hp SP Series with RO membranes 2 Hp

Signal From Pressure or Level SwitchesControl Panel

V5 CV7

CV6

SV2

*

* Signal from feed tank can be substitued

SV3

V1

SP3P I 04

PI 01

5044 South Service Rd., Burlington, Ontario, Canada L7L 5Y7 Tel: (905) 632-4968 Fax: (905) 632-6730

Scale:

Project:

Drawing #

Drawn by:

Rev #

Date:

THIS DOCUMENT CONTAINS PROPRIETARY INFORMATION. DO NOT COPY WITHOUT PRIOR WRITTEN APPROVAL FROM ASLAN TECHNOLOGIES.

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Designed by:

Approved:

File Name:Rev Description By Date

None

970501

99289

MM CW

99289I02

3System P&ID

SP Series Reverse Osmosis System

990904MMGeneral revisions1

001203MMAs built2

010217MMProper indication of SP3 location3

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System Operation & MaintenanceSystem Operation & Maintenance

Verification of pretreatment functionalityVerification of pretreatment functionality Setup of proper system flow dynamicsSetup of proper system flow dynamics Log operational dataLog operational data Normalize dataNormalize data Perform cleanings and maintenance as Perform cleanings and maintenance as

requiredrequired